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Muñoz JS, Giles ME, Vaughn KA, Wang Y, Landry SH, Bick JR, DeMaster DM. Parenting Influences on Frontal Lobe Gray Matter and Preterm Toddlers' Problem-Solving Skills. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:206. [PMID: 38397318 PMCID: PMC10887128 DOI: 10.3390/children11020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Children born preterm often face challenges with self-regulation during toddlerhood. This study examined the relationship between prematurity, supportive parent behaviors, frontal lobe gray matter volume (GMV), and emotion regulation (ER) among toddlers during a parent-assisted, increasingly complex problem-solving task, validated for this age range. Data were collected from preterm toddlers (n = 57) ages 15-30 months corrected for prematurity and their primary caregivers. MRI data were collected during toddlers' natural sleep. The sample contained three gestational groups: 22-27 weeks (extremely preterm; EPT), 28-33 weeks (very preterm; VPT), and 34-36 weeks (late preterm; LPT). Older toddlers became more compliant as the Tool Task increased in difficulty, but this pattern varied by gestational group. Engagement was highest for LPT toddlers, for older toddlers, and for the easiest task condition. Parents did not differentiate their support depending on task difficulty or their child's age or gestational group. Older children had greater frontal lobe GMV, and for EPT toddlers only, more parent support was related to larger right frontal lobe GMV. We found that parent support had the greatest impact on high birth risk (≤27 gestational weeks) toddler brain development, thus early parent interventions may normalize preterm child neurodevelopment and have lasting impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselyn S. Muñoz
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA;
| | - Megan E. Giles
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Kelly A. Vaughn
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Susan H. Landry
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Johanna R. Bick
- Psychology Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Dana M. DeMaster
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
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Korom M, Camacho MC, Filippi CA, Licandro R, Moore LA, Dufford A, Zöllei L, Graham AM, Spann M, Howell B, Shultz S, Scheinost D. Dear reviewers: Responses to common reviewer critiques about infant neuroimaging studies. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 53:101055. [PMID: 34974250 PMCID: PMC8733260 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of adult neuroimaging relies on well-established principles in research design, imaging sequences, processing pipelines, as well as safety and data collection protocols. The field of infant magnetic resonance imaging, by comparison, is a young field with tremendous scientific potential but continuously evolving standards. The present article aims to initiate a constructive dialog between researchers who grapple with the challenges and inherent limitations of a nascent field and reviewers who evaluate their work. We address 20 questions that researchers commonly receive from research ethics boards, grant, and manuscript reviewers related to infant neuroimaging data collection, safety protocols, study planning, imaging sequences, decisions related to software and hardware, and data processing and sharing, while acknowledging both the accomplishments of the field and areas of much needed future advancements. This article reflects the cumulative knowledge of experts in the FIT’NG community and can act as a resource for both researchers and reviewers alike seeking a deeper understanding of the standards and tradeoffs involved in infant neuroimaging. The field of infant MRI is young with evolving standards. We address 20 questions that researchers commonly receive reviewers. These come from research ethics boards, grant, and manuscript reviewers. This article reflects the cumulative knowledge of experts in the FIT’NG community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Korom
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - M Catalina Camacho
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences (Neurosciences), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Courtney A Filippi
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roxane Licandro
- Institute of Visual Computing and Human-Centered Technology, Computer Vision Lab, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Computational Imaging Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucille A Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alexander Dufford
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lilla Zöllei
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice M Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Marisa Spann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brittany Howell
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | | | - Sarah Shultz
- Division of Autism & Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Dustin Scheinost
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Copeland A, Silver E, Korja R, Lehtola SJ, Merisaari H, Saukko E, Sinisalo S, Saunavaara J, Lähdesmäki T, Parkkola R, Nolvi S, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Tuulari JJ. Infant and Child MRI: A Review of Scanning Procedures. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:666020. [PMID: 34321992 PMCID: PMC8311184 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.666020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a safe method to examine human brain. However, a typical MR scan is very sensitive to motion, and it requires the subject to lie still during the acquisition, which is a major challenge for pediatric scans. Consequently, in a clinical setting, sedation or general anesthesia is often used. In the research setting including healthy subjects anesthetics are not recommended for ethical reasons and potential longer-term harm. Here we review the methods used to prepare a child for an MRI scan, but also on the techniques and tools used during the scanning to enable a successful scan. Additionally, we critically evaluate how studies have reported the scanning procedure and success of scanning. We searched articles based on special subject headings from PubMed and identified 86 studies using brain MRI in healthy subjects between 0 and 6 years of age. Scan preparations expectedly depended on subject's age; infants and young children were scanned asleep after feeding and swaddling and older children were scanned awake. Comparing the efficiency of different procedures was difficult because of the heterogeneous reporting of the used methods and the success rates. Based on this review, we recommend more detailed reporting of scanning procedure to help find out which are the factors affecting the success of scanning. In the long term, this could help the research field to get high quality data, but also the clinical field to reduce the use of anesthetics. Finally, we introduce the protocol used in scanning 2 to 5-week-old infants in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, and tips for calming neonates during the scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Copeland
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eero Silver
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riikka Korja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu J. Lehtola
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Merisaari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Saukko
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Susanne Sinisalo
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Saunavaara
- Department of Medical Physics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuire Lähdesmäki
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Parkkola
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Nolvi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jetro J. Tuulari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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York V, Sultan N, Thapa M, Chaturvedi A. Musculoskeletal MRI in Infants: Technical Considerations, Pitfalls and Optimization Strategies. Semin Roentgenol 2021; 56:277-287. [PMID: 34281680 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent York
- Department of Radiology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY.
| | - Nadia Sultan
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Mahesh Thapa
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Apeksha Chaturvedi
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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Kurdila HR, Zaidi T, Zhang T, Maruvada S, Rajan S. Survey of Acoustic Output in Neonatal Brain Protocols. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:1119-1125. [PMID: 33942934 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auditory and non-auditory safety concerns associated with the appreciable sound levels inherent to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures exist for neonates. However, current gaps in knowledge preclude making an adequate risk assessment. PURPOSE To measure acoustic exposure (duration, intensity, and frequency) during neonatal brain MRI and compare these values to existing hearing safety limits and data. STUDY TYPE Phantom. PHANTOM Cylindrical doped water phantom. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Neonatal brain protocols acquired at 1-3 T. Scans in the model protocol included a diffusion tensor imaging scan, a gradient echo, a three-dimensional (3D) fast spin echo, 3D fast spin-echo single-shots, a spin echo, a turbo spin echo, a 3D arterial spin labeling scan, and a susceptibility-weighted fast spin-echo scan. ASSESSMENT The sound pressure levels (SPLs), frequency profile, and durations of five neonatal brain protocols on five MR scanners (scanner A [3 T, whole-body], scanner B [1.5 T, whole-body], scanner C [1 T, dedicated neonatal], scanner D [1.5 T, whole-body], and scanner E [3 T, whole-body]) located at three different sites were recorded. The SPLs were then compared to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) hearing safety limit and existing data of infant non-auditory responses to loud sounds to assess risk. STATISTICAL TESTS Mann-Whitney U test to assess whether the dedicated neonatal scanner was quieter than the other machines. RESULTS The average level A-weighted equivalent value (LAEQ) across all five MR scanners and scans was 92.88 dBA and the range of LAEQs across all five MR scanners and scans was 80.8-105.31 dBA. The duration of the recorded neonatal protocols maintained by neonatal scanning facilities (from scanners A, B, and C) ranged from 27:33 to 37:06 minutes. DATA CONCLUSION Neonatal protocol sound levels straddled existing notions of risk, exceeding sound levels known to cause non-auditory responses in neonates but not exceeding the IEC MRI SPL safety limit. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Kurdila
- Division of Applied Mechanics, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Tayeb Zaidi
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Office of Product Evaluation and Quality, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Subha Maruvada
- Division of Applied Mechanics, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Sunder Rajan
- Division of Biomedical Physics, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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6
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Ljungberg E, Damestani NL, Wood TC, Lythgoe DJ, Zelaya F, Williams SCR, Solana AB, Barker GJ, Wiesinger F. Silent zero TE MR neuroimaging: Current state-of-the-art and future directions. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 123:73-93. [PMID: 34078538 PMCID: PMC7616227 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners produce loud acoustic noise originating from vibrational Lorentz forces induced by rapidly changing currents in the magnetic field gradient coils. Using zero echo time (ZTE) MRI pulse sequences, gradient switching can be reduced to a minimum, which enables near silent operation.Besides silent MRI, ZTE offers further interesting characteristics, including a nominal echo time of TE = 0 (thus capturing short-lived signals from MR tissues which are otherwise MR-invisible), 3D radial sampling (providing motion robustness), and ultra-short repetition times (providing fast and efficient scanning).In this work we describe the main concepts behind ZTE imaging with a focus on conceptual understanding of the imaging sequences, relevant acquisition parameters, commonly observed image artefacts, and image contrasts. We will further describe a range of methods for anatomical and functional neuroimaging, together with recommendations for successful implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Ljungberg
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Nikou L Damestani
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias C Wood
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J Lythgoe
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Zelaya
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven C R Williams
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gareth J Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Wiesinger
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; ASL Europe, GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany
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Gentle Touch: Noninvasive Approaches to Improve Patient Comfort and Cooperation for Pediatric Imaging. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 29:187-195. [PMID: 32541256 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric imaging presents unique challenges related to patient anxiety, cooperation, and safety. Techniques to reduce anxiety and patient motion in adults must often be augmented in pediatrics, because it is always mentioned in the field of pediatrics, children are not miniature adults. This article will review methods that can be considered to improve patient experience and cooperation in imaging studies. Such techniques can range from modifications to the scanner suite, different ways of preparing and interacting with children, collaborating with parents for improved patient care, and technical advances such as accelerated acquisition and motion correction to reduce artifact. Special considerations for specific populations including transgender patients, neonates, and pregnant women undergoing fetal imaging will be described. The unique risks of sedation in children will also be briefly reviewed.
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Annink KV, van der Aa NE, Dudink J, Alderliesten T, Groenendaal F, Lequin M, Jansen FE, Rhebergen KS, Luijten P, Hendrikse J, Hoogduin HJM, Huijing ER, Versteeg E, Visser F, Raaijmakers AJE, Wiegers EC, Klomp DWJ, Wijnen JP, Benders MJNL. Introduction of Ultra-High-Field MR Imaging in Infants: Preparations and Feasibility. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1532-1537. [PMID: 32732273 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral MR imaging in infants is usually performed with a field strength of up to 3T. In adults, a growing number of studies have shown added diagnostic value of 7T MR imaging. 7T MR imaging might be of additional value in infants with unexplained seizures, for example. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of 7T MR imaging in infants. We provide information about the safety preparations and show the first MR images of infants at 7T. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specific absorption rate levels during 7T were simulated in Sim4life using infant and adult models. A newly developed acoustic hood was used to guarantee hearing protection. Acoustic noise damping of this hood was measured and compared with the 3T Nordell hood and no hood. In this prospective pilot study, clinically stable infants, between term-equivalent age and the corrected age of 3 months, underwent 7T MR imaging immediately after their standard 3T MR imaging. The 7T scan protocols were developed and optimized while scanning this cohort. RESULTS Global and peak specific absorption rate levels in the infant model in the centered position and 50-mm feet direction did not exceed the levels in the adult model. Hearing protection was guaranteed with the new hood. Twelve infants were scanned. No MR imaging-related adverse events occurred. It was feasible to obtain good-quality imaging at 7T for MRA, MRV, SWI, single-shot T2WI, and MR spectroscopy. T1WI had lower quality at 7T. CONCLUSIONS 7T MR imaging is feasible in infants, and good-quality scans could be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Annink
- From the Departments of Neonatology (K.V.A., N.E.v.d.A., J.D., T.A., F.G., M.J.N.L.B.), and Paediatric Neurology (F.E.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center
| | - N E van der Aa
- From the Departments of Neonatology (K.V.A., N.E.v.d.A., J.D., T.A., F.G., M.J.N.L.B.), and Paediatric Neurology (F.E.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center
| | - J Dudink
- From the Departments of Neonatology (K.V.A., N.E.v.d.A., J.D., T.A., F.G., M.J.N.L.B.), and Paediatric Neurology (F.E.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center
| | - T Alderliesten
- From the Departments of Neonatology (K.V.A., N.E.v.d.A., J.D., T.A., F.G., M.J.N.L.B.), and Paediatric Neurology (F.E.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center
| | - F Groenendaal
- From the Departments of Neonatology (K.V.A., N.E.v.d.A., J.D., T.A., F.G., M.J.N.L.B.), and Paediatric Neurology (F.E.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center
| | - M Lequin
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - F E Jansen
- From the Departments of Neonatology (K.V.A., N.E.v.d.A., J.D., T.A., F.G., M.J.N.L.B.), and Paediatric Neurology (F.E.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center
| | - K S Rhebergen
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - P Luijten
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J Hendrikse
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - H J M Hoogduin
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - E R Huijing
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - E Versteeg
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - F Visser
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A J E Raaijmakers
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - E C Wiegers
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - D W J Klomp
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J P Wijnen
- the Departments of Radiology (M.L., P.L., J.H., H.J.M.H., E.R.H., E.V., F.V., A.J.E.R., E.C.W., D.W.J.K., J.P.W.), and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (K.S.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M J N L Benders
- From the Departments of Neonatology (K.V.A., N.E.v.d.A., J.D., T.A., F.G., M.J.N.L.B.), and Paediatric Neurology (F.E.J.), University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center
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9
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Jin C, Li H, Li X, Wang M, Liu C, Guo J, Yang J. Temporary Hearing Threshold Shift in Healthy Volunteers with Hearing Protection Caused by Acoustic Noise Exposure during 3-T Multisequence MR Neuroimaging. Radiology 2018; 286:602-608. [PMID: 28813235 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017161622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jin
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, PR China (C.J., H.L., X.L., M.W., C.L., J.G., J.Y.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China (X.L., J.Y.)
| | - Huan Li
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, PR China (C.J., H.L., X.L., M.W., C.L., J.G., J.Y.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China (X.L., J.Y.)
| | - Xianjun Li
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, PR China (C.J., H.L., X.L., M.W., C.L., J.G., J.Y.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China (X.L., J.Y.)
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, PR China (C.J., H.L., X.L., M.W., C.L., J.G., J.Y.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China (X.L., J.Y.)
| | - Congcong Liu
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, PR China (C.J., H.L., X.L., M.W., C.L., J.G., J.Y.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China (X.L., J.Y.)
| | - Jianxin Guo
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, PR China (C.J., H.L., X.L., M.W., C.L., J.G., J.Y.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China (X.L., J.Y.)
| | - Jian Yang
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, PR China (C.J., H.L., X.L., M.W., C.L., J.G., J.Y.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China (X.L., J.Y.)
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10
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Vanhatalo S, Fransson P. Advanced EEG and MRI Measurements to Study the Functional Development of the Newborn Brain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3014-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Ireland CM, Giaquinto RO, Loew W, Tkach JA, Pratt RG, Kline-Fath BM, Merhar SL, Dumoulin CL. A novel acoustically quiet coil for neonatal MRI system. CONCEPTS IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE. PART B, MAGNETIC RESONANCE ENGINEERING 2015; 45:107-114. [PMID: 26457072 PMCID: PMC4594852 DOI: 10.1002/cmr.b.21287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MRI acoustic exposure has the potential to elicit physiological distress and impact development in preterm and term infants. To mitigate this risk, a novel acoustically quiet coil was developed to reduce the sound pressure level experienced by neonates during MR procedures. The new coil has a conventional high-pass birdcage RF design, but is built on a framework of sound abating material. We evaluated the acoustic and MR imaging performance of the quiet coil and a conventional body coil on two small footprint NICU MRI systems. Sound pressure level and frequency response measurements were made for six standard clinical MR imaging protocols. The average sound pressure level, reported for all six imaging pulse sequences, was 82.2 dBA for the acoustically quiet coil, and 91.1 dBA for the conventional body coil. The sound pressure level values measured for the acoustically quiet coil were consistently lower, 9 dBA (range 6-10 dBA) quieter on average. The acoustic frequency response of the two coils showed a similar harmonic profile for all imaging sequences. However, the amplitude was lower for the quiet coil, by as much as 20 dBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Ireland
- Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA ; Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, 601 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Randy O Giaquinto
- Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Wolfgang Loew
- Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jean A Tkach
- Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ronald G Pratt
- Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Beth M Kline-Fath
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Stephanie L Merhar
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Charles L Dumoulin
- Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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12
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Tocchio S, Kline-Fath B, Kanal E, Schmithorst VJ, Panigrahy A. MRI evaluation and safety in the developing brain. Semin Perinatol 2015; 39:73-104. [PMID: 25743582 PMCID: PMC4380813 DOI: 10.1053/j.semperi.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the developing brain has dramatically increased over the last decade. Faster acquisitions and the development of advanced MRI sequences, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), perfusion imaging, functional MR imaging (fMRI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), as well as the use of higher magnetic field strengths has made MRI an invaluable tool for detailed evaluation of the developing brain. This article will provide an overview of the use and challenges associated with 1.5-T and 3-T static magnetic fields for evaluation of the developing brain. This review will also summarize the advantages, clinical challenges, and safety concerns specifically related to MRI in the fetus and newborn, including the implications of increased magnetic field strength, logistics related to transporting and monitoring of neonates during scanning, and sedation considerations, and a discussion of current technologies such as MRI conditional neonatal incubators and dedicated small-foot print neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Tocchio
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Beth Kline-Fath
- Department of Radiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Emanuel Kanal
- Director, Magnetic Resonance Services; Professor of Neuroradiology; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)
| | - Vincent J. Schmithorst
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology Children׳s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
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13
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Practical planning to maintain premature infants' safety during magnetic resonance imaging: a systematic review. Adv Neonatal Care 2015; 15:23-37; quiz E1-2. [PMID: 25626980 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) makes a significant contribution to diagnose brain injury in premature infants and is a diagnostic procedure that requires the infant to be taken out of the controlled environment established for growth and development. To ensure safe procedures for these vulnerable patients, practical planning and surveillance are paramount. PURPOSE This systematic review summarizes and evaluates the literature reporting on practical planning to maintain required safety for premature infants undergoing MRI. METHODS Literature identified through various search strategies was screened, abstracted, appraised, and synthesized through a descriptive analysis. Thirteen research studies, 2 quality improvement projects, and 10 other documents, including practice guidelines, general reviews and articles, a book chapter, and an editorial article, were retained for in-depth review. CONCLUSIONS Various procedures and equipment to ensure the safety of premature infants during MRI have been developed and tested. Although the results are promising and increasingly consistent, our review suggests that more research is needed before conclusive recommendations for the use of magnetic resonance-compatible incubators, the "feed-and-sleep" approach to avoid sedation, or the specific noise-cancelling ear protection for the premature infants' safety during MRI can be established.
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14
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Tkach JA, Li Y, Pratt RG, Baroch KA, Loew W, Daniels BR, Giaquinto RO, Merhar SL, Kline-Fath BM, Dumoulin CL. Characterization of acoustic noise in a neonatal intensive care unit MRI system. Pediatr Radiol 2014; 44:1011-9. [PMID: 24595878 PMCID: PMC4241776 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-014-2909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To eliminate the medical risks and logistical challenges of transporting infants from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to the radiology department for magnetic resonance imaging, a small-footprint 1.5-T MRI scanner has been developed for neonatal imaging within the NICU. MRI is known to be noisy, and exposure to excessive acoustic noise has the potential to elicit physiological distress and impact development in the term and preterm infant. OBJECTIVE To measure and compare the acoustic noise properties of the NICU MRI system against those of a conventional 1.5-T MRI system. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed sound pressure level measurements in the NICU MRI scanner and in a conventional adult-size whole-body 1.5-T MRI system. Sound pressure level measurements were made for six standard clinical MR imaging protocols. RESULTS The average sound pressure level value, reported in unweighted (dB) and A-weighted (dBA) decibels for all six imaging pulse sequences, was 73.8 dB and 88 dBA for the NICU scanner, and 87 dB and 98.4 dBA for the conventional MRI scanner. The sound pressure level values measured on the NICU scanner for each of the six MR imaging pulse sequences were consistently and significantly (P = 0.03) lower, with an average difference of 14.2 dB (range 10-21 dB) and 11 dBA (range 5-18 dBA). The sound pressure level frequency response of the two MR systems showed a similar harmonic structure above 200 Hz for all imaging sequences. The amplitude, however, was appreciably lower for the NICU scanner, by as much as 30 dB, for frequencies below 200 Hz. CONCLUSION The NICU MRI system is quieter than conventional MRI scanners, improving safety for the neonate and facilitating siting of the unit within the NICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A Tkach
- Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 5033, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA,
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15
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Langers DRM, Sanchez-Panchuelo RM, Francis ST, Krumbholz K, Hall DA. Neuroimaging paradigms for tonotopic mapping (II): the influence of acquisition protocol. Neuroimage 2014; 100:663-75. [PMID: 25067814 PMCID: PMC5546393 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies on the tonotopic organisation of auditory cortex in humans have employed a wide range of neuroimaging protocols to assess cortical frequency tuning. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we made a systematic comparison between acquisition protocols with variable levels of interference from acoustic scanner noise. Using sweep stimuli to evoke travelling waves of activation, we measured sound-evoked response signals using sparse, clustered, and continuous imaging protocols that were characterised by inter-scan intervals of 8.8, 2.2, or 0.0 s, respectively. With regard to sensitivity to sound-evoked activation, the sparse and clustered protocols performed similarly, and both detected more activation than the continuous method. Qualitatively, tonotopic maps in activated areas proved highly similar, in the sense that the overall pattern of tonotopic gradients was reproducible across all three protocols. However, quantitatively, we observed substantial reductions in response amplitudes to moderately low stimulus frequencies that coincided with regions of strong energy in the scanner noise spectrum for the clustered and continuous protocols compared to the sparse protocol. At the same time, extreme frequencies became over-represented for these two protocols, and high best frequencies became relatively more abundant. Our results indicate that although all three scanning protocols are suitable to determine the layout of tonotopic fields, an exact quantitative assessment of the representation of various sound frequencies is substantially confounded by the presence of scanner noise. In addition, we noticed anomalous signal dynamics in response to our travelling wave paradigm that suggest that the assessment of frequency-dependent tuning is non-trivially influenced by time-dependent (hemo)dynamics when using sweep stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave R M Langers
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Otology and Hearing Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Rosa M Sanchez-Panchuelo
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Susan T Francis
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Deborah A Hall
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Otology and Hearing Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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MRI in the neonatal ICU: initial experience using a small-footprint 1.5-T system. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014; 202:W95-W105. [PMID: 24370170 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.13.10613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to develop a small 1.5-T MRI system for neonatal imaging that can be installed in the neonatal ICU (NICU) and to evaluate its performance in 15 neonates. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A 1.5-T MR system designed for orthopedic use was adapted for neonatal imaging. Modifications included raising and leveling the magnet, construction of a patient table, and integration of imaging electronics from a high-performance adult-sized scanner. The system was used to perform MR examinations of the brain, abdomen, and chest in 15 medically stable neonates using standard clinical protocols. The scanning time was limited to 60 minutes. The MR examinations were performed without administering sedation to the patients. ECG, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and temperature were monitored continuously throughout the examination. The images were evaluated by two pediatric radiologists for overall study quality, motion artifact, spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast. RESULTS All 15 neonates were successfully imaged without sedation. No adverse MRI-related events were noted. In total, 19 brain and seven abdominal examinations were performed. Six chest and two cardiac examinations were also obtained. Gross (versus physiologic) subject motion proved to be the most influential factor in determining overall study and image quality. High-quality diagnostic images were obtained at each anatomic location. CONCLUSION The customized neonatal MRI system provides state-of-the-art MRI capabilities in the NICU.
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Baker MA. Evaluation of MR safety of a set of canine ear defenders (MuttMuffs®) at 1 T. Radiography (Lond) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Heemskerk AM, Leemans A, Plaisier A, Pieterman K, Lequin MH, Dudink J. Acquisition guidelines and quality assessment tools for analyzing neonatal diffusion tensor MRI data. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1496-505. [PMID: 23518355 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging is a valuable measure in clinical settings to assess diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal brain development. However, obtaining reliable images is not straightforward because of the tissue characteristics of the neonatal brain and the high likelihood of motion artifacts. In this review, we present guidelines on how to acquire DTI data of the neonatal brain and recommend high-quality data acquisition and processing as an essential means to obtain accurate and robust parametric maps. Sudden head movements are problematic for DTI in neonates, and these may lead to incorrect values. We describe strategies to minimize the corrupting effects both in terms of acquisition (eg, more gradient directions) and postprocessing (eg, tensor estimation methods). In addition, tools are described that can help assess whether a dataset is of sufficient quality for further assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Heemskerk
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Reduction of MRI acoustic noise achieved by manipulation of scan parameters – A study using veterinary MR sequences. Radiography (Lond) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Arthurs OJ, Edwards A, Austin T, Graves MJ, Lomas DJ. The challenges of neonatal magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Radiol 2012; 42:1183-94. [PMID: 22886375 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-012-2430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Improved neonatal survival rates and antenatal diagnostic imaging is generating a growing demand for postnatal MRI examinations. Neonatal brain MRI is now becoming standard clinical care in many settings, but with the exception of some research centres, the technique has not been optimised for imaging neonates and small children. Here, we review some of the challenges involved in neonatal MRI, including recent advances in overall MR practicality and nursing practice, to address some of the ways in which the MR experience could be made more neonate-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen J Arthurs
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Skiöld B, Horsch S, Hallberg B, Engström M, Nagy Z, Mosskin M, Blennow M, Adén U. White matter changes in extremely preterm infants, a population-based diffusion tensor imaging study. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99:842-9. [PMID: 20132144 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01634.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate cerebral white matter (WM) abnormalities (J Pediatr 2003; 143: 171) and diffuse and excessive high signal intensities (DEHSI), (J Pediatr 1999; 135: 351) in a cohort of extremely preterm infants born in Stockholm during a 3-year period, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). METHODS MRI at term-equivalent age was performed in 109 infants and DTI data were acquired in 54 infants. Survival rate in the entire cohort was 67%. Sixteen term-born healthy control infants were scanned for comparison. RESULTS No or mild WM abnormalities were seen in 86% of infants and 14% had moderate or severe WM abnormalities. DEHSI were seen in infants with all grades of white matter abnormalities and were present in 56% of infants. In the WM at the level of centrum semiovale, infants with any WM abnormalities or DEHSI had lower Fractional Anisotropy and higher Apparent Diffusion Coefficient compared with control infants. No significant differences in diffusion were seen in infants without DEHSI compared with the controls in this region. Compared with controls, the preterm infants had significantly altered diffusion in the corpus callosum. CONCLUSION Only 14% of the extremely preterm infants had moderate or severe WM abnormalities on MRI. However, the incidence of DEHSI was high. In the DEHSI regions, changes in diffusion parameters were detected, indicating altered WM organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Skiöld
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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