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Subramaniam P, Bhat D, Gupta M, Gulzar S, Shah AH. The Effect of Usage of Antiasthmatic Inhalers on Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Dental Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Study. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:645-651. [PMID: 37562429 PMCID: PMC11132785 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased demand for esthetics by parents and children has resulted in the use of tooth-colored restorative materials. Children with chronic respiratory conditions like asthma use inhalers which have shown to affect the surface of restorative materials. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of antiasthmatic inhalers on color stability and surface roughness of three restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty samples each of three dental restorative materials: group A: glass ionomer cement (GIC), group B: alkasite restorative material, and group C: composite resins were prepared. Each group was further divided into two subgroups of 20 samples each according to the inhaler used. All the specimens were polished using polishing discs and stored in artificial saliva in order to simulate the oral environment. The baseline color value and surface roughness of all the samples were measured using a spectrophotometer and a profilometer, respectively. Group 1 and group 2 were exposed to 0.31 mg of salbutamol sulfate and 20 mg formoterol fumarate in combination with budesonide, respectively, for every 12 hours, for a period of 15 days following which the samples were evaluated for color changes and surface roughness. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis and level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Exposure to both the inhalers caused a change in color and surface roughness in all three restorative materials. There was a significant change in the color of GIC and composite resin (ΔE > 3.3), following exposure to both the inhalers (p < 0.05). The change in color of alkasite restorative material was not significant. A significant increase in the surface roughness of composite resin from 0.56 ± 0.14 to 0.67 ± 0.19 was seen following 15 days' exposure to formoterol in combination with budesonide inhaler (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Following exposure, both the inhalers had an equal effect on color and surface roughness of all three restorative materials. Alkasite restorative material showed greater resistance to change in color and surface roughness when exposed to antiasthmatic inhalers, compared to GIC and composite resin. Thus, children who use inhalers and nebulizers should be advised to implement more precautionary oral hygiene measures and periodic dental visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Subramaniam
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Devikripa Bhat
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Megha Gupta
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vyas Dental College and Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shabnam Gulzar
- Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, District Hospital Pulwama, Pulwama, Kashmir, India
| | - Altaf H. Shah
- Special Care Dentistry Clinics, University Dental Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Malliori S, Ntzounas A, Lampropoulos P, Koliofoti E, Priftis KN, Fouzas S, Anthracopoulos MB. Diverging trends of respiratory allergies and eczema in Greek schoolchildren: Six surveys during 1991-2018. Allergy Asthma Proc 2022; 43:e17-e24. [PMID: 34983719 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2022.43.210110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in the city of Patras, Greece, has been followed in four consecutive surveys since 1991. After a continuous rise in the prevalence of all three of these disorders, a plateau was reached for asthma between 2003 and 2008, whereas the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema continued to increase. Objective: To investigate these trends in the same population into the following decade. Methods: We repeated two methodologically identical cross-sectional parental questionnaire surveys in 2013 and 2018 among 8-9-year-old schoolchildren (N = 2554 and N = 2648, respectively). In 2018, spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurements were also performed. Results: Current asthma (i.e., wheeze/asthma in the past 2 years) decreased from 6.9% in 2008 to 5.2% in 2013 and 4.3% in 2018 (p for trend < 0.001). The prevalence of lifetime ("ever had") rhinoconjunctivitis also declined (5.1% in 2008, 4.4% in 2013, 3.0% in 2018; p for trend < 0.001), whereas that of lifetime eczema increased (10.8%, 13.6%, and 16.1%, respectively; p for trend < 0.001). The relative risk of current asthma in children with ever-had rhinoconjundtivitis was 7.73 in 2008, 6.00 in 2013, and 6.69 in 2018, whereas the relative risk in those with ever-had eczema was 5.15, 2.80, and 2.22, respectively. Among children with asthma, those with rhinoconjunctivitis had lower forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration and higher FeNO values than those with eczema. Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis declined during the past decade in Greek schoolchildren, whereas the prevalence of eczema continued to rise. Nevertheless, the relationship between rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma remained strong, whereas the association between eczema and asthma appears to have weakened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Malliori
- From the Pediatric Respiratory Unit, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece; and
| | - Alexandros Ntzounas
- From the Pediatric Respiratory Unit, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece; and
| | - Panagiotis Lampropoulos
- From the Pediatric Respiratory Unit, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece; and
| | - Eleana Koliofoti
- From the Pediatric Respiratory Unit, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece; and
| | - Kostas N. Priftis
- Third Department of Paediatrics, “Attikon” Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Fouzas
- From the Pediatric Respiratory Unit, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece; and
| | - Michael B. Anthracopoulos
- From the Pediatric Respiratory Unit, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece; and
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Ahmad K, Kabir E, Ormsby GM, Khanam R. Are wheezing, asthma and eczema in children associated with mother's health during pregnancy? Evidence from an Australian birth cohort. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 79:193. [PMID: 34749801 PMCID: PMC8577022 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the prevalence of wheezing, asthma, and eczema among Australian children using longitudinal data from birth to 15 years of age. This study also examined the association between maternal health status during pregnancy and their offspring's respiratory and allergic morbidities using sex-segregated data. METHODS This study used data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) where approximately 5000 children of a birth cohort across Australia were surveyed in 2004. These children were followed biennially in eight waves up to their age of 15 years until 2018. The status of the children's wheezing, asthma, and eczema were reported by the mothers upon doctors' diagnosis (for asthma) or self-assessment (for wheezing or eczema). Binomial logistic regression models were used to analyse associations between maternal health during pregnancy and their children's health outcomes. RESULTS Asthma prevalence among 0-1-year aged children was 11.7%, increased to 15.4% when the children were 10-11 years old, and then decreased to 13.6% when they were 14-15 years old. Wheezing and eczema were most prevalent when the children were 2-3 years old (26.0 and 17.8% respectively) and were least prevalent when the children were 14-15 years old (7.3 and 9.5% respectively). Maternal asthma, smoking during pregnancy, and pre-pregnancy obesity were significantly associated with an increased risk of wheezing and asthma in Australian children. Childhood eczema was associated only with maternal asthma. These associations were stronger among male children up to age 10-11 and during adolescence (12-15 years of age), female children were more prone to wheezing, asthma, and eczema. CONCLUSION This is a comprehensive longitudinal study of Australian children (0-15 years of age) to assess the prevalence (with sex-specific differences) of wheezing, asthma and eczema as well as the association between these respiratory and allergic morbidities and maternal health during pregnancy. The study findings suggest that careful medical and obstetric monitoring, improved specific age-sex wise risk factor prevention for children and health promotion for pregnant women would help protect child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir Ahmad
- School of Business, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia. .,Research Unit, Purple Informatics, Dhaka, Bangladesh. .,Present Address: School of Business, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia.
| | - Enamul Kabir
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Gail M Ormsby
- Independent Researcher, Professional Studies, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Rasheda Khanam
- School of Business, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
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Ntzounas A, Giannakopoulos I, Lampropoulos P, Vervenioti A, Koliofoti EG, Malliori S, Priftis KN, Dimitriou G, Anthracopoulos MB, Fouzas S. Changing trends in the prevalence of childhood asthma over 40 years in Greece. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:3242-3249. [PMID: 34288606 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A series of repeated questionnaire surveys among 8- to 9-year-old school children in the city of Patras, Greece, demonstrated a continuous rise in the prevalence of wheeze/asthma from 1978 to 2003, with a plateau between 2003 and 2008. We further investigated wheeze/asthma trends within the same environment over the last decade. METHODS Two follow-up surveys were conducted in 2013 (N = 2554) and 2018 (N = 2648). Physician-diagnosed wheeze and asthma were analyzed in relation to their occurrence (recent-onset: within the last 2 years; noncurrent: before 2 years; persistent: both prior and within the last 2 years). In 2018, spirometry was also performed in participants reporting symptoms and in a sample of healthy controls. RESULTS The prevalence of current wheeze/asthma declined from 6.9% in 2008% to 5.2% in 2013% and 4.3% in 2018. The persistent and noncurrent wheeze/asthma groups followed this overall trend (P-for-trend <0.001), while the prevalence of recent-onset wheeze/asthma remained unchanged (P-for-trend >0.05). Persistent and noncurrent wheezers were also more frequently diagnosed with asthma, in contrast to those with recent-onset wheeze. The FEV1 z-score was less than -1 in 32.1% of children with recent-onset and in 22.4% of those with persistent wheeze/asthma; both rates were higher than those of the Noncurrent wheeze/asthma group (7.1%; p < .05) and of healthy controls (3.5%; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of childhood wheeze/asthma has declined significantly during the last decade in Greece. The reversing trend may in part be attributed to changing asthma perceptions among physicians and/or parents, especially in the case of younger children with troublesome respiratory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Ntzounas
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Giannakopoulos
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Lampropoulos
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Aggeliki Vervenioti
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Eleana-Georgia Koliofoti
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Styliani Malliori
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Kostas N Priftis
- Third Department of Pediatrics, "Attikon" Hospital and Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gabriel Dimitriou
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Michael B Anthracopoulos
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Sotirios Fouzas
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece
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Ribeiro-Silva RDC, Barreto ML, Ramos D, Cruz AA, Oliveira-Campos M, Malta DC. Asthma trend in adolescence in Brazil: results of the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012-2015). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2018; 21:e180017. [PMID: 30517468 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720180017.supl.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the evolution of asthma indicators in the editions of the National School Health Survey (PeNSE 2012 and 2015). METHODS Cross-sectional study including Brazilian 9th grade students from public and private schools. Wheezing was assessed through the question: "In the past 12 months, did you have wheezing (or chirping) chest? (yes/no)", and to assess lifetime presence of asthma, the question was "Have you ever had asthma? (yes/no)". RESULTS Of the students, 23,52% reported wheezing or chirping chest in the past 12 months, with prevalences ranging from 16,80% (in Salvador, Bahia) to 27,43% (in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul). Lifetime presence of asthma was reported by 17,92% of the students, ranging from 13,98% (in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul) to 30,35% (in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul). There was also a decrease in the prevalence of self-report of wheezing/chirping chest in the last 12 months between the two editions of the survey (2012/2015) in 20 of the 27 Brazilian state capitals, especially in Belo Horizonte, Florianópolis, Cuiabá and Goiânia. However, prevalence of lifetime diagnostic of asthma increased from 2012 to 2015 in 26 of the 27 Brazilian state capitals. CONCLUSION There was a decrease in the prevalence of self-report of asthma symptoms and an increase of self-reported lifetime presence of asthma. Certainly, monitoring indicators of asthma prevalence is of high importance for health knowledge and the development of public policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurício Lima Barreto
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia - Salvador (BA), Brasil.,Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Salvador (BA), Brasil
| | - Dandara Ramos
- Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Salvador (BA), Brasil
| | - Alvaro Augusto Cruz
- Núcleo de Excelência em Asma, Universidade Federal da Bahia - Salvador (BA), Brasil
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Hicke-Roberts A, Åberg N, Wennergren G, Hesselmar B. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis continued to increase in Swedish children up to 2007, but asthma and eczema levelled off from 1991. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106:75-80. [PMID: 27102081 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated whether allergies among schoolchildren increased in Sweden between 1979 and 2007 and whether the geographical differences observed in previous studies remained. METHODS We collected questionnaire data on asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) and eczema in children aged seven to eight years from Mölndal, Gothenburg, in south-western Sweden and Kiruna in northern Sweden in 1979 (n = 4682), 1991 (n = 2481) and 2007 (n = 1029). The same regions and questions were used in all three studies, and extra questions on food allergy or intolerance were added in 2007. RESULTS In 1979, 1991 and 2007, the total prevalence of asthma was 2.5%, 5.7% and 7.1%, ARC was 5.5%, 8.1% and 11.1% and eczema was 7.1%, 18.3% and 19.7%, respectively. Asthma prevalence remained higher in Kiruna, but no significant regional differences were seen for ARC and eczema. Almost 20% reported a history of food allergy or intolerance, with a higher prevalence in Kiruna. The allergy risk was reduced if both parents were born outside Sweden. CONCLUSION The prevalence of ARC continued to increase between 1991 and 2007, but increases in asthma and eczema started to level off in 1991. Some geographical differences remained, but total allergy rates were similar in Kiruna and Mölndal in 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hicke-Roberts
- Paediatric Outpatient Clinic; Angered Hospital; Angered-Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Nils Åberg
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Gothenburg; Queen Silvia Children's Hospital; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Göran Wennergren
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Gothenburg; Queen Silvia Children's Hospital; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Bill Hesselmar
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Gothenburg; Queen Silvia Children's Hospital; Gothenburg Sweden
- Data and Analysis Unit; Västra Götaland Health Care Department; Gothenburg Sweden
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Barreto ML, Ribeiro-Silva RDC, Malta DC, Oliveira-Campos M, Andreazzi MA, Cruz AA. Prevalence of asthma symptoms among adolescents in Brazil: National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2016; 17 Suppl 1:106-15. [PMID: 25054257 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4503201400050009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe the prevalence rates of asthma symptoms in Brazil, its Regions and State capitals, according to data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey, 2012. Furthermore, it aims to compare the prevalence of asthma in the capitals evaluated by PeNSE 2012 with previous results of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). METHODS Cross sectional study of 9th grade students at public and private schools of all Brazilian states and the Federal District (Brasília). A self reported questionnaire containing items from the ISAAC was applied in order to identify the presence of asthma symptoms. RESULTS The results of PeNSE indicate a high prevalence of asthma symptoms (23.2%) and of reports of a previous medical diagnosis of asthma (12.4%). Of the five state capitals in which the PeNSE results were compared to the ISAAC, São Paulo, Curitiba and Porto Alegre presented an increase in the prevalence of asthma symptoms. In Salvador, there was a reduction. CONCLUSION Brazil is among the countries with the highest prevalence of asthma in the world, and the prevalence is still growing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Departament of Disease and Non-Communicable Condition Surveillance and Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Maryane Oliveira-Campos
- Departament of Disease and Non-Communicable Condition Surveillance and Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Sá-Sousa A, Jacinto T, Azevedo LF, Morais-Almeida M, Robalo-Cordeiro C, Bugalho-Almeida A, Bousquet J, Fonseca JA. Operational definitions of asthma in recent epidemiological studies are inconsistent. Clin Transl Allergy 2014; 4:24. [PMID: 25136441 PMCID: PMC4136946 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-4-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The best combination of questions to define asthma in epidemiological asthma studies is not known. We summarized the operational definitions of asthma used in prevalence studies and empirically assess how asthma prevalence estimates vary depending on the definition used. METHODS We searched the Thomson Reuters ISI Web of knowledge and included (1) cross-sectional studies (2) on asthma prevalence (3) conducted in the general population and (4) containing an explicit definition of asthma. The search was limited to the 100 most-cited papers or published since January 2010. For each paper, we recorded the asthma definition used and other variables. Then we applied the definitions to the data of the Portuguese National Asthma survey (INAsma) and of the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) computing asthma prevalence estimates for the different definitions. RESULTS Of 1738 papers retrieved, 117 were included for analysis. Lifetime asthma, diagnosed asthma and current asthma were defined in 8, 12 and 29 different ways, respectively. By applying definitions of current asthma on INAsma and NHANES data, the prevalence ranged between 5.3%-24.4% and 1.1%-17.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There is considerable heterogeneity in the definitions of asthma used in epidemiological studies leading to highly variable estimates of asthma prevalence. Studies to inform a standardized operational definition are needed. Meanwhile, we propose a set of questions to be reported when defining asthma in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sá-Sousa
- Center for research in health technologies and information systems.– CINTESIS, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Jacinto
- Center for research in health technologies and information systems.– CINTESIS, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Allergy Unit, Instituto CUF Porto e Hospital CUF Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Filipe Azevedo
- Center for research in health technologies and information systems.– CINTESIS, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Health Information and Decision Sciences Department – CIDES, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Morais-Almeida
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital CUF-Descobertas, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Robalo-Cordeiro
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Jean Bousquet
- Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, CESP Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France
| | - João Almeida Fonseca
- Center for research in health technologies and information systems.– CINTESIS, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Allergy Unit, Instituto CUF Porto e Hospital CUF Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Health Information and Decision Sciences Department – CIDES, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Cavkaytar O, Sekerel B. Baseline management of asthma control. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2014; 42:162-8. [PMID: 23265257 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex, chronic inflammatory disease of the lower airways affecting people of all ages. Approximately 300 million individuals are currently suffering from asthma worldwide. The prevalence of asthma is estimated to range from 3% to 38% in children and from 2% to 12% in adults. The disease causes lost school and work days, limitations in daily activities, and sleep disturbances. Lung function impairment also occurs, resulting in decreased quality of life unless disease control is achieved and a high annual financial burden is incurred. Achievement and maintenance of control through assessment of clinical manifestations and future risk has become the aim of treatment over the years. Unfortunately, the desired level of asthma control has not been achieved in a considerable number of regions throughout the world, and the level of control is overestimated by both patients and their parents. This review examines the mortality and morbidity rates for asthma, emphasizes the challenges inherent to control management, and provides data on the tools used to measure control level.
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Ayaz EA, Bagis B, Turgut S. Effect of antiasthmatic medication on the surface roughness and color stability of dental restorative materials. Med Princ Pract 2014; 23:24-8. [PMID: 23988489 PMCID: PMC5586832 DOI: 10.1159/000354297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of antiasthmatic medication on the surface roughness and color stability of dental restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 disc-shaped specimens were fabricated from glass ionomer (n = 20), composite resin (n = 20) and feldspathic porcelain (n = 20). Each material group was randomly divided into two subgroups (n = 10): (1) control group and (2) test group. Control groups of the specimens were kept in artificial saliva. Test groups were exposed to salbutamol sulfate (Ventolin Nebules) using an inhaler machine. Surface roughness measurements were done using a profilometry and color measurements were done with digital colorimetry at baseline and after inhalation and storing in artificial saliva. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Fisher's least significant difference test were used to compare the change in surface roughness and color. The confidence level was set at 95%. RESULTS Inhaler treatment significantly increased the surface roughness and color change of glass ionomer and composite resin materials (p < 0.05), while the surface roughness and color of feldspathic porcelain was not changed after inhaler treatment (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The antiasthmatic inhaler medication (salbutamol sulfate) affected the surface roughness and color of composite resin and glass ionomer restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Aydogan Ayaz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
- *Elif Aydogan Ayaz, Phd, DDs, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Kanuni Kampüsü, TR-61080 Trabzon (Turkey), E-Mail
| | - Bora Bagis
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sedanur Turgut
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Braido F. Failure in asthma control: reasons and consequences. SCIENTIFICA 2013; 2013:549252. [PMID: 24455432 PMCID: PMC3881662 DOI: 10.1155/2013/549252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical research showed that asthma control is an achievable target. However, real-life observations suggest that a significant proportion of patients suffer from symptoms and report lifestyle limitations with a considerable burden on patient's quality of life. The achievement of asthma control is the result of the interaction among different variables concerning the disease pattern and patients' and physicians' knowledge and behaviour. The failure in asthma control can be considered as the result of the complex interaction among different variables, such as the role of guidelines diffusion and implementation, some disease-related factors (i.e., the presence of common comorbidities in asthma such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), sleep disturbances and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and rhinitis) or patient-related factors (i.e., adherence to treatment, alexithymia, and coping strategies). Asthma control may be reached through a tailored treatment plan taking into account the complexity of factors that contribute to achieve and maintain this objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Braido
- Allergy & Respiratory Diseases Clinic, DIMI, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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12
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McNarry MA, Boddy LM, Stratton GS. The relationship between body mass index, aerobic performance and asthma in a pre-pubertal, population-level cohort. Eur J Appl Physiol 2013; 114:243-9. [PMID: 24213885 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-013-2772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the relationship between asthma, body mass index (BMI) and aerobic performance, as indicated by a shuttle test. METHODS 20,577 participants (10,413 boys) from the SportsLinx serial cross-sectional study participated. Parental reports of asthma status and home postcode data were gathered from consent forms. Stature, sitting stature and body mass were measured and BMI, somatic maturity and indices of multiple deprivation scores (IMD) were derived. Performance on the 20 m multi-stage shuttle runs test (20mSRT) was used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). RESULTS Asthma [F (1, 17,015) = 82.26, P < 0.01] and gender [F (1, 17,015) = 678.491, P < 0.001] significantly influenced 20mSRT. The addition of BMI, maturity and IMD to the model did not alter these significant effects. There was a significant interaction between 20mSRT and BMI [F (1, 16,723) = 132.80, P < 0.01], with a significant decrease in 20mSRT from the 50th BMI percentile upwards [t (16,699) = 36.88, P < 0.01]. Binary logistic regression revealed gender and 20mSRT to be significant predictors of asthma occurrence; BMI SDS just reached significance whilst maturity and IMD were not significant contributors to the model. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the negative influences of low CRF and high BMI on the risk of asthma occurrence in pre-pubertal children. Furthermore, it highlights the significant influence of BMI on CRF, revealing these effects to be manifest considerably below those BMI percentiles conventionally associated with being overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McNarry
- Applied Sports Technology Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK,
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13
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The presence of asthma, the use of inhaled steroids, and parental education level affect school performance in children. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:762805. [PMID: 23936846 PMCID: PMC3722977 DOI: 10.1155/2013/762805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Childhood asthma is a frequent cause of absenteeism that affects school performance. We aimed to investigate the impact of asthma on absenteeism and school performance level of elementary and high school students. Methods. Data about sociodemographics, absenteeism, and academic achievement were obtained from 1539 students attending 98 schools in Greece. School performance was assessed for the last two years of school attendance using parents' and teachers' reports and grade point average promotion. Results. The mean of the days of absence of students with asthma was higher compared to the healthy students (6.2 ± 11.7 versus 0.3 ± 3.1, resp., P < 0.001). Students with reduced healthcare use presented less absenteeism than those with increased healthcare use for asthma (4.3 ± 8.6 versus 12.4 ± 17.0 days, resp., P < 0.001). Asthma and healthcare use for asthma accounted for an overall estimated variability in absence days of 13.8% and 9%, respectively. Absenteeism was associated with poor school performance for the last two years of school (P = 0.002) and with lower grade point promotion in elementary school students (P = 0.001) but not in high school students (P = 0.316). Higher level of parental education was associated with better school performance (P < 0.001). Asthma was associated with a decreased possibility for excellent performance (OR = 0.64, P = 0.049, 95%CI = 0.41–1.00) in elementary students. Students with asthma using inhalers were four times more likely to perform excellently in elementary school (OR = 4.3, P = 0.028, 95%CI = 1.17–15.95) than their asthmatic peers with alternative asthma treatments. Conclusions. Asthma and increased healthcare use enhance school absenteeism. Inhaled steroid use and the higher parental education level were the most important predicting factors for good school performance in elementary school asthmatic children.
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14
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Increasing prevalence of asthma and allergy in Beijing pre-school children: Is exclusive breastfeeding for more than 6 months protective? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-013-5790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Hansen TE, Evjenth B, Holt J. Increasing prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema among schoolchildren: three surveys during the period 1985-2008. Acta Paediatr 2013; 102:47-52. [PMID: 22994385 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) and eczema among children has increased worldwide in the last four decades, but recent studies disagree as to whether the prevalence is continuing to rise or is levelling off or declining. The aim of this study was to assess time trends in a subarctic population. METHODS A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was carried out in 2008 among children aged 7-14 years in randomly selected schools in Nordland County, Norway (n = 4150). The results are compared with results from identical studies in 1985 (n = 4870) and 1995 (n = 4456). RESULTS The main findings were an increasing prevalence of asthma ever (7.3% in 1985 to 17.6% in 2008, p for trend < 0.001) and AR ever (15.9% in 1985 to 24.5% in 2008, p for trend < 0.001), while the prevalence of eczema ever, after an increase between 1985 and 1995, remained unchanged in the last time period. The prevalence of current disease doubled and trebled between 1995 and 2008 for all three diseases. CONCLUSION A repeated cross-sectional survey between 1985 and 2008 documented an increasing prevalence of asthma ever and AR ever among schoolchildren (7-14 years), together with a considerably increase in current asthma, AR and eczema between 1995 and 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bjørg Evjenth
- Division of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Woman's Health; Nordland Hospital; Bodø; Norway
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Luntamo T, Sourander A, Santalahti P, Aromaa M, Helenius H. Prevalence Changes of Pain, Sleep Problems and Fatigue Among 8-Year-Old Children: Years 1989, 1999, and 2005*. J Pediatr Psychol 2011; 37:307-18. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsr091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Göran Wennergren
- Department of Paediatrics and Krefting Research Centre, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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