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Murakami K, Rancilio N, Foster L. Feasibility assessment of inspiration breath-hold motion management for tumor tracking during cone-beam computed tomography for setup and radiotherapy in Veterinary Medicine: A pilot study. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024. [PMID: 39005141 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) for lung or liver tumors can be challenging due to respiration-induced organ motion (RIOM). There are some methodological solutions to minimize RIOM. We explored a new approach to evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of RIOM during RT with five total client-owned tumor-bearing animals using a remote-triggered breath-hold ventilator under general anesthesia during image acquisition and RT. There was one stereotactic body radiotherapy, one conventionally fractionated definitive intent, and three conventionally fractionated palliative intent RT cases. Based on repeated cone beam CT, there were no treatment table shifts required prior to initiating beam on. No clinically significant complications such as hypotension occurred during anesthesia. This technique appeared to be safe in this group of patients and was easily clinically implemented and highly reproducible. More complete follow-up data and larger studies are needed to evaluate clinical outcomes with this breath-hold ventilator technique in veterinary RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Murakami
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Nicholas Rancilio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Lisa Foster
- Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
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2
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Nagata K, Janik EA, Gutti JR. Rectal volume is correlated with interfractional positional shifts of the prostate gland in dogs receiving radiation therapy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024. [PMID: 38734934 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Variability in prostate gland positioning during RT for prostate tumors is a recognized challenge in both human and veterinary oncology. This retrospective study investigates the interfractional variability in prostate gland positioning in relation to rectal and bladder volumes in dogs undergoing radiation therapy (RT) for prostate tumors. The study tracked 10 dogs undergoing five RT sessions from February 2016 to November 2021, delivering a total of 25 Gy each. Each dog underwent CT scans for treatment simulation, and cone-beam CT (CBCT) images were acquired before each RT. The focus was to analyze the positional shifts of the prostate gland concerning the volumes of the rectum and urinary bladder. The pelvic bones were used as the point of reference. The rectal and bladder volumes were measured before each RT, and shifts in the prostate gland position were calculated by comparing coordinates from planning CT and treatment session images. Findings revealed significant correlations between prostate positional shifts in the dorsal-ventral (repeated measures correlation coefficient of -0.58 [range 00.75-00.33]; P < .001) and cranial-caudal directions (repeated measures correlation coefficient [95%CI] 0.56 [range 0.31-0.74]; P < .001) and rectal volume, while no significant relationship was observed with bladder volume. Shifts in the lateral direction were not correlated with either organ's volume. This study highlights the importance of considering rectal volume in canine prostate tumor RT to minimize positional uncertainties. Maintaining consistent rectal volume may enhance the precision of prostate targeting, potentially influencing the safety of RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Nagata
- Department of Small Animal Medicine & Surgery, The University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Emily A Janik
- Department of Small Animal Medicine & Surgery, The University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jishnu Rao Gutti
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, The University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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3
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Stewart HL, Siewerdsen JH, Nelson BB, Kawcak CE. Use of cone-beam computed tomography for advanced imaging of the equine patient. Equine Vet J 2021; 53:872-885. [PMID: 34053096 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Access to volumetric imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), has increased over the past decade and has revolutionised the way clinicians evaluate equine anatomy. More recent advancements have resulted in the development of multiple commercially available cone-beam CT (CBCT) scanners for equine use. CBCT scanners modify the traditional fan-shaped beam of ionising radiation into a three-dimensional pyramidal- or cone-shaped beam of radiation. This modification enables the scanner to acquire sufficient data to create diagnostic images of a region of interest after a single rotation of the gantry. The rapid acquisition of data and divergent X-ray beam causes some artifacts to be more prominent on CBCT images-as well as the unique cone-beam artifact-resulting in decreased contrast resolution. While the use of CT for evaluation of the equine musculoskeletal anatomy is not new, there is a paucity of literature and scientific studies on the capabilities of CBCT for equine imaging. CBCT units do not require a specialised table for imaging and in some cases are portable for imaging in the standing or anaesthetised patient. This review article summarises the basic physics of CT technology, including how CBCT imaging differs, and provides objective information about the strengths and limitations of this modality. Finally, potential future applications and techniques for imaging with CT which will need to be explored in order to fully consider the capabilities of CT imaging in the horse are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly L Stewart
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jeffery H Siewerdsen
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brad B Nelson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Christopher E Kawcak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Meier V, Staudinger C, Radonic S, Besserer J, Schneider U, Walsh L, Rohrer Bley C. Reducing margins for abdominopelvic tumours in dogs: Impact on dose-coverage and normal tissue complication probability. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 19:266-274. [PMID: 33372354 PMCID: PMC8247346 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Image‐guided, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IG‐IMRT) reduces dose to pelvic organs at risk without losing dose coverage to the planning target volume (PTV) and might permit margin reductions potentially resulting in lower toxicity. Appropriate PTV margins have not been established for IG‐IMRT in abdominopelvic tumours in dogs, and herein we explore if our usual PTV 5 mm margin can be reduced further. Datasets from dogs that underwent IG‐IMRT for non‐genitourinary abdominopelvic neoplasia with 5 mm‐PTV expansion were included in this retrospective virtual study. The clinical target volumes and organs at risk (OAR) colon, rectum, spinal cord were adapted to each co‐registered cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) used for positioning. New treatment plans were generated and smaller PTV margins of 3 mm and 4 mm evaluated with respect to adequate dose coverage and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) of OAR. Ten dogs with a total of 70 CBCTs were included. Doses to the OAR of each CBCT deviated mildly from the originally planned doses. In some plans, insufficient build‐up of the high dose‐area at the body surface was found due to inadequate or missing bolus placement. Overall, the margin reduction to 4 mm or 3 mm did not impair dose coverage and led to significantly lower NTCP in all OAR except for spinal cord delayed myelopathy. However, overall NTCP for spinal cord was very low (<4%). PTV‐margins depend on patient immobilization and treatment technique and accuracy. IG‐IMRT allows treatment with very small margins in the abdominopelvic region, ensuring appropriate target dose coverage, while minimizing NTCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Meier
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Small Animal Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chris Staudinger
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Small Animal Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Radonic
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Small Animal Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Besserer
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Small Animal Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Radiation Oncology, Hirslanden Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Schneider
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Small Animal Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Radiation Oncology, Hirslanden Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linda Walsh
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carla Rohrer Bley
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Small Animal Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nagata K. A retrospective analysis of radiation oncology related scientific articles in the journal Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound: Trends over 40 years (1976-2015). Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2019; 60:351-357. [PMID: 30776858 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The journal Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound is a veterinary specialty journal devoted to the fields of veterinary diagnostic imaging and radiation oncology. The purpose of this retrospective, observational study is to evaluate progressive trends in radiation oncology articles published in Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound during the 40-year period (1976-2015) and describe a shift of trends through several viewpoints. This 40-year period was divided into four subperiods: Period 1 (1976-1985), Period 2 (1986-1995), Period 3 (1996-2005), and Period 4 (2006-2015). These articles were divided into six categories based on the nature of the study: 1) studies related to teletherapy with endpoints being patient outcome, 2) radiation therapy dosimetry/planning, 3) patient setup, 4) reviews, 5) case reports, and 6) others. The number of radiation oncology articles in Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound has increased over the 40-year period. The number of authors per article has increased between Periods 1 and 3. The number of articles related to linear accelerator has increased between Periods 3 and 4. The median number of treated patients per clinical article related to teletherapy ranged from 15 to 21, which has not changed significantly over the 40-year period. The most commonly used radiation therapy protocols during Periods 2 and 3 were fine-fractionated protocols (defined as 10 or more fractions), whereas coarse-fractionated protocols were more common during Periods 1 and 4. Findings from this study highlight the notable changes of trends in veterinary radiation oncology articles published in Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, which clearly reflect changes in the field of veterinary radiation oncology during the past 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Nagata
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Biosciences & Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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6
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Tomlinson AW, Lillis SM, German AJ, Burrow RD. Pyloric localisation in 57 dogs of breeds susceptible to gastric dilatation-volvulus in the UK using computed tomography. Vet Rec 2016; 179:626. [PMID: 27784838 DOI: 10.1136/vr.103853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe the location of the pylorus using CT in dog breeds susceptible to gastric dilatation-volvulus in the UK. METHODS Descriptive anatomical study. Abdominal CT scans of 57 client-owned dogs were reviewed to assess pyloric position relative to the 9th, 10th, 11th and 13th ribs and 2 and 3 cm caudal to the 13th rib at the 8, 9 and 10 o'clock positions. The angle of the pylorus from the centre of the abdominal cavity relative to the sagittal plane was also determined. RESULTS In 88 per cent of cases, the pylorus was located in the right cranioventral abdomen with 63 per cent positioned at the 9-10 o'clock position. The overall distance between the pylorus and right abdominal wall (RAW) at the 13th rib 10 o'clock position was equivalent to 29 per cent of ventral abdominal length, significantly greater than the median overall distance of ∼14 per cent of ventral abdominal length between the pylorus and RAW at the 9th or 10th rib 10 o'clock position (P<0.0001). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Common gastropexy locations may result in considerable displacement of the pylorus relative to its natural anatomic location. Further case-control studies are required to assess the clinical significance of this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Tomlinson
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK
| | - S M Lillis
- College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - A J German
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK
| | - R D Burrow
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK
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8
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Feng Y, Lawrence J, Cheng K, Montgomery D, Forrest L, Mclaren DB, McLaughlin S, Argyle DJ, Nailon WH. INVITED REVIEW-IMAGE REGISTRATION IN VETERINARY RADIATION ONCOLOGY: INDICATIONS, IMPLICATIONS, AND FUTURE ADVANCES. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2016; 57:113-23. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feng
- Department of Oncology Physics, Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Healthcare Department; Philips Research China; Shanghai 200233 P.R. China
| | - Jessica Lawrence
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - Kun Cheng
- Department of Oncology Physics, Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - Dean Montgomery
- Department of Oncology Physics, Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - Lisa Forrest
- Department of Surgical Sciences; The University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive Madison WI
| | - Duncan B. Mclaren
- Department of Oncology Physics, Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - Stephen McLaughlin
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences; Heriot-Watt University; Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - David J. Argyle
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - William H. Nailon
- Department of Oncology Physics, Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
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9
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Yoshikawa H, Nolan MW, Lewis DW, Larue SM. RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF INTERFRACTION URETERAL MOVEMENT IN DOGS UNDERGOING RADIATION THERAPY TO ELUCIDATE APPROPRIATE SETUP MARGINS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2015; 57:170-9. [PMID: 26634416 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced ureteral damage can result in serious complications (i.e., hydronephrosis). Also, ureters can be included in planning target volume (PTV) such as ureteral invasion of urinary bladder carcinoma. Therefore, knowing the interfractional movement of the ureters is critical for creation of appropriate planning organs at risk (pOAR) and PTV. This retrospective and descriptive study of 17 dogs with genitourinary carcinomas that underwent intensity-modulated, image-guided radiation therapy (IM-IGRT) was conducted to describe the movement and calculate suggested pOAR/PTV expansions at three locations (at the levels of third lumbar vertebra, immediately cranial to vesicoureteral junction [VUJ], and midway between those two) and from two perspectives: during a course of (1) IM-IGRT, where position verification is performed using soft tissue registration when the dogs underwent clinical IM-IGRT; (2) radiation therapy whereby position verification is performed using planar radiography with a corresponding bony registration. This registration was performed by fusing the radiation planning computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam CTs using bony landmarks. With soft tissue registration, findings supported the use of larger pOAR expansion (0.7-1.8 cm) for the mid region of the ureters compared to the areas near VUJ (0.7-1.1 cm). With bony registration, findings supported the use of larger pOAR/PTV expansions (1.6-1.7 cm) for dorsal direction bilaterally at areas near VUJ compared to those with soft tissue registration (0.9-1.0 cm). The results of this study should help radiation oncologists use appropriate ureter expansions for specific patient orientations and positioning verification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Yoshikawa
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523
| | - Michael W Nolan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607
| | | | - Susan M Larue
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523
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10
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LaRue SM, Custis JT. Advances in veterinary radiation therapy: targeting tumors and improving patient comfort. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015; 44:909-23. [PMID: 25174907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Newer technology, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy, can dramatically decrease acute radiation side effects, making patients more comfortable during and after treatment. Stereotactic radiation therapy for definitive treatment can be delivered in 1 to 5 fractions, with minimal radiation-associated effects. Image-guided radiation therapy can be used to direct treatment in locations previously not amenable to radiation therapy. Traditional fractionated radiation therapy remains the most commonly available type in veterinary medicine and is the standard of care for many tumors. This article discusses the role of advancements in the treatment of veterinary cancer patients and reviews more traditional radiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University Flint Animal Cancer Center, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - James T Custis
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University Flint Animal Cancer Center, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Yoshikawa H, Roback DM, Larue SM, Nolan MW. DOSIMETRIC CONSEQUENCES OF USING CONTRAST-ENHANCED COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES FOR INTENSITY-MODULATED STEREOTACTIC BODY RADIOTHERAPY PLANNING. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2015; 56:687-95. [PMID: 26242716 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential benefits of planning radiation therapy on a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan (ceCT) should be weighed against the possibility that this practice may be associated with an inadvertent risk of overdosing nearby normal tissues. This study investigated the influence of ceCT on intensity-modulated stereotactic body radiotherapy (IM-SBRT) planning. Dogs with head and neck, pelvic, or appendicular tumors were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. All IM-SBRT plans were constructed on a pre- or ceCT. Contours for tumor and organs at risk (OAR) were manually constructed and copied onto both CT's; IM-SBRT plans were calculated on each CT in a manner that resulted in equal radiation fluence. The maximum and mean doses for OAR, and minimum, maximum, and mean doses for targets were compared. Data were collected from 40 dogs per anatomic site (head and neck, pelvis, and limbs). The average dose difference between minimum, maximum, and mean doses as calculated on pre- and ceCT plans for the gross tumor volume was less than 1% for all anatomic sites. Similarly, the differences between mean and maximum doses for OAR were less than 1%. The difference in dose distribution between plans made on CTs with and without contrast enhancement was tolerable at all treatment sites. Therefore, although caution would be recommended when planning IM-SBRT for tumors near "reservoirs" for contrast media (such as the heart and urinary bladder), findings supported the use of ceCT with this dose calculation algorithm for both target delineation and IM-SBRT treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Yoshikawa
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523
| | - Donald M Roback
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rex Cancer Center, Raleigh, NC, 27607
| | - Susan M Larue
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523
| | - Michael W Nolan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695
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12
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Hansen KS, Théon AP, Dieterich S, Kent MS. VALIDATION OF AN INDEXED RADIOTHERAPY HEAD POSITIONING DEVICE FOR USE IN DOGS AND CATS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2015; 56:448-55. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S. Hansen
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences; VM: Surgery Radiology, University of California; Davis CA USA 95616
| | - Alain P. Théon
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences; VM: Surgery Radiology, University of California; Davis CA USA 95616
| | - Sonja Dieterich
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Radiation Oncology; Sacramento CA USA
| | - Michael S. Kent
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences; VM: Surgery Radiology, University of California; Davis CA USA 95616
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Abstract
Lower urinary tract neoplasia is uncommon in dogs and cats, though transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common tumor of the lower urinary tract in both species. Clinical signs are not specific for neoplasia, but neoplasia should be considered in patients that are older, have specific risk factors, or have persistent, severe, or relapsing signs. Local disease is often the cause of death or euthanasia; local control is challenging owing to tumor size and location. Systemic therapy is the mainstay of treatment. Prognosis is generally guarded, but therapy can result in improvement in clinical signs and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Cannon
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Sara D Allstadt
- BluePearl Veterinary Partners, 13160 Magisterial Drive, Louisville, KY 40223, USA.
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14
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Allstadt SD, Rodriguez CO, Boostrom B, Rebhun RB, Skorupski KA. Randomized phase III trial of piroxicam in combination with mitoxantrone or carboplatin for first-line treatment of urogenital tract transitional cell carcinoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:261-7. [PMID: 25619518 PMCID: PMC4858101 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reported response rates of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in dogs to piroxicam in combination with either mitoxantrone or carboplatin are similar; however, it is unknown whether either drug might provide superior duration of response. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To determine if the progression-free interval (PFI) of dogs with TCC treated with mitoxantrone and piroxicam was different than that of dogs receiving carboplatin and piroxicam. The hypothesis was that the efficacy of mitoxantrone is no different from carboplatin. ANIMALS Fifty dogs with TCC without azotemia. METHODS Prospective open-label phase III randomized study. Either mitoxantrone or carboplatin was administered every 3 weeks concurrently with piroxicam with restaging at 6-week intervals. Twenty-four dogs received carboplatin and 26 received mitoxantrone. RESULTS Response was not different between groups (P = .56). None of the dogs showed complete response. In the mitoxantrone group, there were 2 (8%) partial responses (PR) and 18 (69%) dogs with stable disease (SD). In the carboplatin group, there were 3 PR (13%) and 13 (54%) dogs with SD. The PFI was not significantly different between groups (mitoxantrone = 106 days; carboplatin = 73.5 days; P = .62; hazard ratio 0.86; 95% confidence interval 0.47-1.56). Dogs with prostatic involvement experienced a shorter survival (median, 109 days) compared to dogs with urethral, trigonal, or apically located tumors; this difference was significant (median 300, 190, and 645 days, respectively; P = .005). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study did not detect a different in outcome in dogs with TCC treated with either mitoxantrone or carboplatin in combination with piroxicam.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Allstadt
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA
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15
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Oliveira CR, Henzler MA, Johnson RA, Drees R. Assessment of respiration-induced displacement of canine abdominal organs in dorsal and ventral recumbency using multislice computed tomography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2014; 56:133-43. [PMID: 25130054 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory-induced organ displacement during image acquisition can produce motion artifacts and variation in spatial localization of an organ in diagnostic computed tomography (CT) examinations. The purpose of this prospective study was to quantify respiratory-induced abdominal organ displacement in dorsal and ventral recumbency using five normal dogs. All dogs underwent CT examinations using 64 multidetector row CT (64-MDCT). A "3-dimensional (3D) apneic CT exam" of the abdomen was acquired followed by a "4-dimensional (4D) ventilated CT exam." The liver, pancreas, both kidneys, both medial iliac lymph nodes, and urinary bladder were delineated on the 3D-apneic examination and the organ outlines were compared to the maximum alteration in organ position in the 4D-ventilated examination. Displacement was measured in dorsal-to-ventral (DV), right-to-left (RL), and cranial-to-caudal (CC) directions. Respiratory-induced displacement of canine abdominal organs was not predictable and showed large variability in the three directions evaluated. For most canine abdominal organs, dorsal recumbency provided overall the least amount of displacement among all directions evaluated except for liver and urinary bladder. For liver, a large variability was found for all directions and a statistically significant difference was found only in the RL direction with ventral recumbency exhibiting less displacement (P = 0.0099). For the urinary bladder, ventral recumbency also provided less displacement but this was statistically significant only in the RL direction (P < 0.0001). Findings from this study indicated that dorsal recumbency may be preferred for minimizing respiratory motion artifacts in whole abdomen studies, but ventral recumbency may be preferred for liver and urinary bladder studies when respiration cannot be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia R Oliveira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706
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16
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Nieset JR, Harmon JF, Johnson TE, Larue SM. COMPARISON OF ADAPTIVE RADIOTHERAPY TECHNIQUES FOR EXTERNAL RADIATION THERAPY OF CANINE BLADDER CANCER. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2014; 55:644-50. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Nieset
- Colorado State University, Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences; Fort Collins CO 80523
| | - Joseph F. Harmon
- Colorado State University, Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences; Fort Collins CO 80523
| | - Thomas E. Johnson
- Colorado State University, Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences; Fort Collins CO 80523
| | - Susan M. Larue
- Colorado State University, Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences; Fort Collins CO 80523
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17
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Yoshikawa H, Harmon JF, Custis JT, LaRue SM. REPEATABILITY OF A PLANNING TARGET VOLUME EXPANSION PROTOCOL FOR RADIATION THERAPY OF REGIONAL LYMPH NODES IN CANINE AND FELINE PATIENTS WITH HEAD TUMORS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2012; 53:667-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2012.01972.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Yoshikawa
- From the Environmental & Radiological Health Sciences; Colorado State University; 1681 Campus Delivery; Fort Collins; CO; 80523
| | - Joseph F. Harmon
- Bon Secours Cancer Institute; Radiation Oncology; 6605 W. Broad St., Ste. G201; Henrico; VA; 23230
| | - James T. Custis
- From the Environmental & Radiological Health Sciences; Colorado State University; 1681 Campus Delivery; Fort Collins; CO; 80523
| | - Susan M. LaRue
- From the Environmental & Radiological Health Sciences; Colorado State University; 1681 Campus Delivery; Fort Collins; CO; 80523
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18
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Harmon J, Yoshikawa H, Custis J, LaRue S. EVALUATION OF CANINE PROSTATE INTRAFRACTIONAL MOTION USING SERIAL CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2012; 54:93-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2012.01986.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Harmon
- Bon Secours Cancer Institute; Richmond Radiation Oncology Center; Henrico; VA; 23230
| | - Hiroto Yoshikawa
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Fort Collins; Colorado; 80523-1620
| | - James Custis
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Fort Collins; Colorado; 80523-1620
| | - Susan LaRue
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Fort Collins; Colorado; 80523-1620
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19
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Nolan M, Kogan L, Griffin L, Custis J, Harmon J, Biller B, LaRue S. Intensity-Modulated and Image-Guided Radiation Therapy for Treatment of Genitourinary Carcinomas in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26:987-95. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00946.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M.W. Nolan
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences
| | - L. Kogan
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Fort Collins; CO
| | - L.R. Griffin
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences
| | - J.T. Custis
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences
| | - J.F. Harmon
- Bon Secours Cancer Institute; Richmond Radiation Cancer Center; Henrico; VA
| | - B.J. Biller
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Fort Collins; CO
| | - S.M. LaRue
- Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences
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