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Davies R, Doshi M. Prevention of oral diseases for the older person (Part 1). Br Dent J 2024; 236:35-41. [PMID: 38225311 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Older adults often experience poorer levels of oral health than younger adults, especially if they have become dependent on a third party to support their daily oral care routine. However, the deterioration of oral health does not need to be a part of the ageing process. Most oral diseases are largely preventable with the daily removal of dental plaque that forms on teeth and dentures, using a fluoride toothpaste, eating a healthy diet and reducing any tobacco consumption. The dental team have a duty of care to ensure that older people receive evidence-based oral health preventative advice tailored to the individual, taking into account individual risk factors that can increase with age. This can include the clinical application of topical fluoride and minimally invasive dentistry. Older people at an increased risk of poor oral health include those with cognitive conditions, physical impairments and certain medical conditions. Care home residents face particular barriers to attaining a satisfactory standard of oral care which are discussed herein. Good oral health preventative routines must be established early after the diagnosis of progressive chronic conditions and will help to prevent the need for dental intervention later in life when treatment can be more difficult to tolerate. Inclusion of oral health prevention within health policy and legislation is necessary to improve the oral health for older people living in all health and care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mili Doshi
- Dental and Maxillofacial, Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Surrey, United Kingdom.
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Lin Y, Xu N, Zhang B. Body image and hopelessness in older adults: The intervening roles of aging self-stereotypes and marital status. Psych J 2023; 12:727-734. [PMID: 37454695 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine the association between body image and hopelessness as well as the roles of aging self-stereotypes and marital status in this association in older adults. There were 821 older adults who participated in the present study and completed questionaries about body image, aging self-stereotypes, hopelessness, demographic information (age and sex), marital status, and health status. The results showed that body image was associated with hopelessness in older adults, and aging self-stereotypes mediated the link between body image and hopelessness. Moderated analyses further indicated that the path from body image to aging self-stereotypes was stronger for single older adults than for those who were married. The results emphasize that older adults' dissatisfaction with their body image can enhance negative aging self-stereotypes, which then result in more severe hopelessness. Marital relationships can alleviate the negative effect of body image on aging self-stereotypes in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lin
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nawei Xu
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoshan Zhang
- School of Education, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
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3
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Mendes MSS, Chester LN, Fernandes Dos Santos JF, Chen X, Caplan DJ, Marchini L. Self-perceived oral health among institutionalized older adults in Taubate, Brazil. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2020; 40:49-54. [PMID: 31912539 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM To assess self-perception of oral health among institutionalized older adults in Taubate, Brazil. METHOD AND MATERIALS Demographics, oral, and systemic health data were collected from a sample of 89 institutionalized older adults. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was applied to assess their self-perception of oral health. A linear regression model using GOHAI scores and considering age, BMI, gender, race, dry mouth, denture status, number of teeth, number of comorbid conditions, and number of medications as independent variables was generated. RESULTS Fifty-five percent were male, with an average age of 75.9 years (±9.1), 43.8% identified as mixed race, and 42.7% as white. The average BMI was 23.9 (±3.8), the average number of comorbid condition was 1.8 (±1.4), and the average number of daily medications was 6.2 (±3.6). The average number of teeth was 3.9 (±7.4), and 57.3% of the participants reported dry mouth sensation; 8.9% presented oral lesions, with denture stomatitis as the most common oral lesion (5.6%). The average GOHAI score was 31.1 (±3.7). Regression analysis showed a negative correlation between BMI and GOHAI scores (P = .032, R2 = 7.2%). CONCLUSIONS Self-perception of oral health was good and negatively correlated with BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S S Mendes
- Multi-professional Health and Palliative Care for the Elderly, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jarbas Francisco Fernandes Dos Santos
- Department of Dentistry, University of Taubate, Taubate, Brazil.,Department of Dentistry, University of Vale do Paraiba, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Daniel J Caplan
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
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Marchini L, Recker E, Hartshorn J, Cowen H, Lynch D, Drake D, Blanchette DR, Dawson DV, Kanellis M, Caplan D. Iowa nursing facility oral hygiene (INFOH) intervention: A clinical and microbiological pilot randomized trial. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2018; 38:345-355. [PMID: 30194737 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate feasibility and gather initial data for a definitive study to test the clinical and microbiological effectiveness of a nursing facility (NF) customized oral hygiene protocol, intended to be delivered by dental hygienists and NF personnel. MATERIALS AND METHODS A convenience sample of 8 Eastern Iowa NFs was recruited, and each NF was assigned to one of three intervention groups: (1) control (current oral hygiene practice), (2) educational program only, and (3) educational program plus 1% chlorhexidine varnish monthly application. Demographic information, systemic health data, patient centered data, oral health data, and microbiology samples were collected at baseline and after 6 months. RESULTS Recruitment response rates were 21% for NFs and 23% for residents. A total of 81 residents were examined at baseline and of those, 49 were examined at 6 months (39.5% attrition). There were no statistically or clinically significant differences among the intervention groups at 6 months for any of the recorded clinical or microbiological outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Recruitment and retention posed a significant challenge to this trial, even with a relatively short observation period. Results from this pilot study did not encourage further investigation of this customized oral hygiene protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Marchini
- Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erica Recker
- The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jennifer Hartshorn
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Howard Cowen
- Clinical Professor, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - David Lynch
- Post-Doctoral Fellow, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - David Drake
- Professor, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Derek R Blanchette
- Biostatistician, Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Deborah V Dawson
- Morris Bernstein Professor of Dentistry, Professor of Biostatistics, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research and the Departments of Pediatric Dentistry & Biostatistics, and the Interdisciplinary Programs in Genetics and in Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael Kanellis
- Associate Dean for Patient Care, Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Daniel Caplan
- Professor and Head, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Andersson M, Wilde-Larsson B, Carlsson E, Persenius M. Older people's perceptions of the quality of oral care in short-term care units: A cross-sectional study. Int J Older People Nurs 2018; 13:e12185. [PMID: 29363883 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of knowledge about oral care among older people living in short-term care (STC) units and how the quality of oral care provided by nursing staff is perceived by the older people. AIM To (i) describe person-related conditions among older people in STC, (ii) describe and compare perceptions of the quality of oral care (including perceptions of care received and the subjective importance of such care), within and between older people who have the ability to perform oral self-care and those who are dependent on help with oral care and (iii) examine the relationship between person-related conditions and the quality of oral care. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 391 older people in STC units in Sweden based on self-reported questionnaire and clinical assessments. RESULTS The older people were assessed as having normal oral health (2%), moderate oral health problems (78%) or severe oral health problems (20%). When comparing older people's perceptions of quality of oral care in terms of perceived reality and subjective importance, significant differences appeared within and between groups. Psychological well-being had a significant relationship with perception of the quality of oral care (both perceived reality and subjective importance), and gender and oral health status had a significant relationship with subjective importance. CONCLUSIONS Older people's perceptions of areas for improvement regarding quality of oral care is a new and important knowledge for nursing staff in STC units. Older people want personalised information regarding oral health and oral care. Registered Nurses who take the responsibility in nursing care for older people's oral health may avoid unnecessary suffering by older people caused by oral health problems. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Older people's perspective is an important component for quality work and might lead to improvements in the quality of oral care in STC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Andersson
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Bodil Wilde-Larsson
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.,Faculty of Public Health Studies, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Eva Carlsson
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University Health Care Research Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mona Persenius
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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Underwood F, Burrows L, Gegg R, Latour JM, Kent B. The meaning of confidence for older people living with frailty: a qualitative systematic review. JBI DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND IMPLEMENTATION REPORTS 2017; 15:1316-1349. [PMID: 28498173 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-002951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many countries, the oldest old (those aged 85 years and older) are now the fastest growing proportion of the total population. This oldest population will increasingly be living with the clinical condition of frailty. Frailty syndromes negatively impact on the person as they do the healthcare systems supporting them. Within healthcare literature "loss of confidence" is occasionally connected to older people living with frailty, but ambiguously described. Understanding the concept of confidence within the context of frailty could inform interventions to meet this growing challenge. OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review was to explore the meaning of confidence from the perspective of older people living with frailty through synthesis of qualitative evidence to inform healthcare practice, research and policy. INCLUSION CRITERIA TYPES OF PARTICIPANTS Studies that included frail adults, aged over 60 years, experiencing acute hospital and or post-acute care in the last 12 months. PHENOMENA OF INTEREST The concept of "confidence" and its impact on the physical health and mental well-being of older people living with frailty. CONTEXT Studies that reported on the older person's descriptions, understanding and meaning of confidence in relation to their frailty or recent healthcare experiences. TYPES OF STUDIES Studies of qualitative design and method. SEARCH STRATEGY A three step search strategy was used. The search strategy explored published studies and gray literature. Publications in English from the last 20 years were considered for inclusion. METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY All included articles were assessed by two independent reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment Review Instrument (JBI-QARI). DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted from included studies using the data extraction tools developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. DATA SYNTHESIS Qualitative research findings were collated using a meta-aggregative approach and JBI-QARI software. RESULTS Synthesized findings of this review were drawn from just four research studies that met the inclusion criteria. Only six findings contributed to the creation of three categories. These informed a single synthesized finding: Vulnerability, described as a fragile state of well-being that is exposed to the conflicting tensions between physical, emotional and social factors. These tensions have the capability to enhance or erode this state. CONCLUSIONS Assertions that an understanding of the concept confidence has been reached cannot be made. The review data offer limited insight into the concept of confidence being described by the cohort of older people living with frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frazer Underwood
- 1Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK 2School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Human Science, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK 3The University of Plymouth Centre for Innovations in Health and Social Care: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, UK
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Rouxel P, Heilmann A, Demakakos P, Aida J, Tsakos G, Watt RG. Oral health-related quality of life and loneliness among older adults. Eur J Ageing 2016; 14:101-109. [PMID: 28579932 PMCID: PMC5435788 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-016-0392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Loneliness is a serious concern in aging populations. The key risk factors include poor health, depression, poor material circumstances, and low social participation and social support. Oral disease and tooth loss have a significant negative impact on the quality of life and well-being of older adults. However, there is a lack of studies relating oral health to loneliness. This study investigated the association between oral health-related quality of life (through the use of the oral impact on daily performances—OIDP—measure) and loneliness amongst older adults living in England. Data from respondents aged 50 and older from the third (2006–2007) and fifth (2010–2011) waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were analyzed. In the cross-sectional logistic regression model that adjusted for socio-demographic, socio-economic, health, and psychosocial factors, the odds of loneliness were 1.48 (1.16–1.88; p < 0.01) higher amongst those who reported at least one oral impact compared to those with no oral impact. Similarly, in the fully adjusted longitudinal model, respondents who reported an incident oral impact were 1.56 times (1.09–2.25; p < 0.05) more likely to become lonely. The association between oral health-related quality of life and loneliness was attenuated after adjusting for depressive symptoms, low social participation, and social support. Oral health-related quality of life was identified as an independent risk factor for loneliness amongst older adults. Maintaining good oral health in older age may be a protective factor against loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Rouxel
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8LD UK.,UCL, Epidemiology and Public Health, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Anja Heilmann
- UCL, Epidemiology and Public Health, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Panayotes Demakakos
- UCL, Epidemiology and Public Health, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Jun Aida
- Division of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai, Japan
| | - Georgios Tsakos
- UCL, Epidemiology and Public Health, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Richard G Watt
- UCL, Epidemiology and Public Health, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Donnelly LR, Clarke LH, Phinney A, MacEntee MI. The impact of oral health on body image and social interactions among elders in long-term care. Gerodontology 2015; 33:480-489. [PMID: 25664900 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore how social interactions and body image are influenced by perceived oral health among older people who live in long-term care facilities. BACKGROUND Social interactions among frail elders in long-term care (LTC) facilities are limited, but to what extent body image and oral health influence their social relations is poorly understood. A positive body image and the perception of adequate oral health are linked to increased social contacts, as well as improved health and well-being irrespective of age. However, as frailty increases, it is unclear whether appearance and oral health priorities remain stable. MATERIALS AND METHODS Open-ended interviews were conducted with a purposefully selected group of cognitively intact, older men and women who exhibited varying degrees of frailty, social engagement and oral health conditions and lived in one of seven long-term care facilities. The interviews were analysed using a constant comparative technique, and a second interview with participants checked the trustworthiness of the analysis. RESULTS Three major categories were expressed by the participants: (1) My mouth is fine; (2) It depends; and (3) Not that important. Within each category, there were several contributing and influencing factors. CONCLUSIONS Social interactions among residents in LTC may be negatively impacted by poor oral health, but only if other personal and social issues are less bothersome than conditions with the mouth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeann R Donnelly
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Laura Hurd Clarke
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alison Phinney
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael I MacEntee
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Osman RB, Morgaine KC, Duncan W, Swain MV, Ma S. Patients’ perspectives on zirconia and titanium implants with a novel distribution supporting maxillary and mandibular overdentures: a qualitative study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012; 25:587-97. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reham B. Osman
- Oral Implantology Research Group; Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Kate C. Morgaine
- Dental Epidemiology and Public Health Group; Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Warwick Duncan
- Oral Implantology Research Group; Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Michael V. Swain
- Oral Implantology Research Group; Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Sunyoung Ma
- Oral Implantology Research Group; Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
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Junges R, Portella FF, Hugo FN, Padilha DMP, Samuel SMW. Caregivers’ attitudes regarding oral health in a long-term care institution in Brazil. Gerodontology 2012; 31:178-83. [DOI: 10.1111/ger.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Junges
- School of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Neves Hugo
- Center of Community Oral Health Research; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
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