Validity and reliability of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) scale in the elderly population of Bosnia and Herzegovina

A German version of the Oral Impacts of Daily Performances-reliability and validity

OBJECTIVE

The Oral Impact of Daily Performances (OIDP) is a dental patient-reported outcome measure (dPROM) for the estimation of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and takes the frequency as well as the severity of problems into account; however, it is not available in German language. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the reliability and validity of the German version of the OIDP in patients of a private practice.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Translation of the original OIDP version was performed by a forward-backward process. Reliability was evaluated in terms of construct stability (test-retest) for the single items and the sum scores. The responsiveness to change in oral health status was assessed by pre- and post-treatment comparison, in addition. Validity was assessed as convergent validity in comparison with other dPROMs (OHIP-14; GOHAI) and objective dental findings.

RESULTS

A total of 330 patients participated in this study (mean age: 42.0 (18.0)). The OHRQoL of the participants was relatively high (OIDP score 4.3 (SD 14.3), OHIP score 4.8 (SD 5.3), GOHAI score 54.2 (SD 5.4)). A moderate construct stability for the total OIDP-score (ICC 0.686) was found whilst reliability for the single items varied between 0.179 (social contact) to 0.559 (showing teeth). Significant correlations were found for OIDP and OHIP (p < 0.001; r = 0.361) and OIDP and GOHAI (p < 0.001; r =  - 0.391) indicating moderate validity with a tendency to even stronger correlations for OIDP-s and OIDP-f (r ≥ 0.500).

CONCLUSIONS

The German version of the OIDP demonstrated sufficient reliability and validity. OIDP's general performance should be interpreted cautiously as the outcome was detected in a specifically healthy population.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The OIDP is yet the only dPROM that evaluates both severity as well as frequency which makes validation interesting regarding specific target populations.

Psychometric properties of the Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C-OIDP) index: a cross-sectional and an intervention study of adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina

BACKGROUND

The clinical measures are not sufficient to assess oral health because they don't tell us anything about functional and psychosocial aspects of oral health and do not reflect person's concerns and subjectively perceived symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the validity, reliability and responsiveness of the child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C-OIDP) index among Bosnian 12-14 years old schoolchildren.

METHODS

The study population comprised 203 primary schoolchildren aged 12-14 years attending three schools in the eastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Data were collected through: a clinical oral examination, oral health questionnaire and C-OIDP questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the C-OIDP were tested on a sample of 203 school-going children while responsiveness of the C-OIDP was assessed on 42 randomly chosen participants requiring a dental treatment.

RESULTS

In terms of reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient were 0.86 and 0.85, respectively. Regarding the testing of construct validity, the C-OIDP score was increased as children's self-reported oral health changed from excellent to very bad and from very satisfied to dissatisfied. There was a significant improvement in C-OIDP post-treatment score compared with C-OIDP pre-treatment score. Overall, 63.4% of participants reported at least one oral impact in the last 3 months. The most affected performances were "eating" (38.4%) and "speaking" (25.1%).

CONCLUSION

The Bosnian version of the C-OIDP showed satisfactory validity, reliability and responsiveness and can be used as an appropriate OHRQoL measure for further epidemiological researches.

Should the frequency, severity, or both response scales be used for multi-item dental patient-reported outcome measures?

BACKGROUND

The Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) index asks the respondents to indicate both, the frequency and severity of the impact. However, it is not clear if the two scaling methods are correlated, and if using one scale is sufficient. The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between frequency and severity rating scales of the OIDP instrument, and whether only one of the rating scales can be used instead of both.

METHODS

A battery of patient-reported outcome questionnaires were administered to a consecutive sample of adult dental patients from HealthPartners dental clinics in Minnesota (N = 2,115). Only those who responded to any of the OIDP items were included in the analysis for this study (N = 873). We assessed correlations between the frequency and severity scales for all OIDP items, and for the summary scores of the two OIDP response scales. We additionally fit a categorical structural equation model (SEM) (or an item factor analysis model) and examined the correlation between two latent variables (Frequency and Severity).

RESULTS

The correlation estimates for all OIDP items were greater than 0.50, indicating large correlations between the frequency and severity scores for each OIDP item. The correlation estimate between the two summary scores was 0.85 (95% CI [0.82-0.86]). When we calculated the correlation coefficient using a latent variable model, the value increased to 0.96 (95% CI [0.93-1.00]).

CONCLUSION

Our study findings show that OIDP frequency and severity scores are highly correlated, which indicates the use of one scale only. Based on previous evidence, we recommend applying the frequency rating scale only in research and clinical settings.

The prevalence and socio-behavioural and clinical covariates of oral health related quality of life in Ugandan mothers with and without HIV-1

Background

There is limited evidence regarding oral health related quality of life of HIV positive populations in sub-Saharan Africa. Focusing HIV positive- and HIV negative Ugandan mothers, this study assessed the influence of HIV status on oral health related quality of life in terms of oral impacts on daily performances, whilst adjusting for clinical- and socio-behavioural factors. We also examined whether any association of clinical and socio-behavioural factors with oral impacts on daily performances vary according to mothers’ HIV status.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used data from a trial (n = 164) and a comparison group (n = 181). The trial comprised of mothers with HIV-1 participating in the ANRS 121741-PROMISE-PEP-trial (NCT00640263) conducted between 2009 and 2013 and from the ANRS 12341-PROMISE-PEP-M&S follow-up study conducted in 2017. The comparison group comprised of HIV negative mothers recruited in 2017. Interviews and clinical oral examinations were performed. The oral health related quality of life was assessed using the oral impacts on daily performances frequency scale. Caries experience and gingival bleeding were assessed using the World Health Organization’s Decayed, Missed and Filled teeth indices and community periodontal index. Logistic and negative binomial regression analyses were performed.

Results

29% of HIV-1 positive and 32% among the comparison reported any oral impact on daily performance. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, HIV status was not significantly associated with oral impacts on daily performances. Mother’s self-reported oral health, caries experience, gingival bleeding and oral health related quality of life of their children were independently associated with oral impacts on daily performances. Corresponding prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were: 0.3 (0.2–0.6), 1.8 (1.0–3.2), 1.1 (1.0–1.1), and 2.1 (1.1–4.3). No significant interaction between HIV status and covariates were observed.

Conclusions

Oral health related quality of life was substantially impaired in Ugandan mothers but did not discriminate between HIV positive and negative participants. Mothers with impaired oral health related quality of life were more likely to have dental caries and children with impaired oral health related quality of life. HIV positive and negative mothers in Uganda deserve special attention regarding their oral disease and quality of life status.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12955-021-01844-3.

[Validation of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance index among the Portuguese population]

The Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire is an oral health-related quality of life indicator. It was developed in order to assess the influence of oral conditions on the self-ability to execute daily activities. The main goal of this research was to validate the OIDP for the Portuguese population aged 18 years and above. The first step was to obtain a provisional Portuguese version of the OIDP: the original was translated from English and then back-translated. Some linguistic changes were made, and the final Portuguese version was obtained, which was duly approved by a review committee, whose members included researchers and translators. Subsequently, a pilot study was conducted with 36 subjects (26 on paper and 10 online). Lastly, the final study was performed collecting data online from 513 subjects. Chronbach's alpha (0.67) and the alpha for standardized items (0.69) were established for reliability. Validity was studied in its various aspects: face, content, construct and concurrent validity. The OIDP-PT revealed good psychometric properties and is a reliable and valid instrument that can be applied to the Portuguese population.

Short form development for oral health patient-reported outcome evaluation in children and adolescents

PURPOSE

Children and adolescents are vulnerable to dental problems and oral diseases. This paper presents the development of two multi-item self-report scales for use in assessing oral health status of children and adolescents.

METHODS

Following the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System framework, survey questions were designed using a newly developed conceptual model. These items were administered to 334 children and adolescents (8-17 years) along with concurrent dental exams. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted and the item response theory graded response model was used to estimate item parameters and oral health status scores and to identify short-form items. The items were selected by high level of information and wide coverage of different domains to assess Child Oral Health Status Index (COHSI) and treatment referral recommendations (RR).

RESULTS

The long form consists of 28 items. The short-form includes 12 items (8 for COHSI and 7 for RR with 3 common items).The intra-class correlations between long form and short-form were 0.90 for COHSI and 0.87 for RR.

CONCLUSION

The short-forms provide a possible solution for the longstanding challenge of oral health evaluation for large populations of children and adolescents. The calibrated long form provides the foundation for computer adaptive test administration. These oral health assessment toolkits can be used for oral health screening, surveillance program, policy planning, and research.

Assessing the validity and reliability of the Malagasy version of Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP): a cross-sectional study

Background

Evaluating health needs includes measures of the impact of state of health on the quality of life. This entails evaluating the psychosocial aspects of health. To achieve this, several tools for measuring the quality of life related to oral health have been developed. However, it is vital to evaluate the psychometric properties of these tools so they can be used in a new context and on a new population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Malagasy version of a questionnaire for studying the impacts of oral-dental health on daily activities (Oral Impacts on Daily Performance), and analyse the interrelations between the scores obtained and the oral health indicators.

Method

A cross-sectional study was performed for the transcultural adaptation of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance questionnaire forward translated and back-translated from English to Malagasy and from Malagasy to English, respectively. The psychometric characteristics of the Malagasy version of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance were then evaluated in terms of internal reliability, test-retest, and construct, criteria and discriminant validity. Four hundred and six adults responded in face-to-face interviews to the Malagasy version of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance questionnaire.

Results

Nearly 74% of the participants indicated impacts of their oral health on their performance in their daily lives during the 6 months prior to the survey. The activities most affected were: “smiling”, “eating” and “sleeping and relaxing”. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.87. The construct validity was demonstrated by a significant association between the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance scores and the subjective evaluation of oral health (p <0.001). Discriminant validity was demonstrated by the fact that the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance scores were significantly higher in subjects with more than ten missing teeth, compared to those with fewer than ten missing teeth (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The Malagasy version of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance index is a valid and reliable measure for use in Malagasy adults over 55 years old.

Change in Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) with increasing age: testing the evaluative properties of the OIDP frequency inventory using prospective data from Norway and Sweden

BACKGROUND

Oral health-related quality of life, OHRQoL, among elderly is an important concern for the health and welfare policy in Norway and Sweden. The aim of the study was to assess reproducibility, longitudinal validity and responsiveness of the OIDP frequency score. Whether the temporal relationship between tooth loss and OIDP varied by country of residence was also investigated.

METHODS

In 2007 and 2012, all inhabitants born in 1942 in three and two counties of Norway and Sweden were invited to participate in a self-administered questionnaire survey. In Norway the response rates were 58.0% (4211/7248) and 54.5% (3733/6841) in 2007 and 2012. Corresponding figures in Sweden were 73.1% (6078/8313) and 72.2% (5697/7889), respectively.

RESULTS

Reproducibility of the OIDP in terms of intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.73 in Norway and 0.77 in Sweden. The mean change scores for OIDP were predominantly negative among those who worsened, zero in those who did not change and positive in participants who improved change scores of the reference variables; self-reported oral health and tooth loss. General Linear Models (GLM) repeated measures revealed significant interactions between OIDP and change scores of the reference variables (p < 0.05). Stratified analysis revealed that the mean OIDP frequency score worsened in participants who became dissatisfied- and improved in participants who became satisfied with oral health. Compared to participants who maintained all teeth, those who lost teeth were more likely to experience improvement and worsening of OIDP across both countries. The two-way interaction between country and tooth loss was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS

Changes in OIDP at the individual level were more pronounced than the percentage distribution of OIDP at each point in time would suggest. The OIDP frequency score showed promising evaluative properties in terms of acceptable longitudinal validity, responsiveness and reproducibility among older people in Norway and Sweden. This suggests that the OIDP instrument is able to detect change in the oral health status that occurred over the 5 year period investigated. Norwegian elderly were more likely to report worsening in OIDP than their Swedish counterparts. Disease prevention should be at focus when formulating the health policy for older people.

Adapting and testing the oral impacts on daily performances among adults and elderly in Brazil

OBJECTIVES

To cross-culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the oral impact on daily performance (OIDP) in Brazilians aged 50-74 years; to test the impact of oral health on 'work' and 'vigorous physical activity'.

BACKGROUND

Clinical oral health indicators do not assess the perceived impact of oral health on people's lives.

METHODS

The study was performed through small group interviews, pilot studies and a main study with 200 people aged 50 and over. Data were collected through interviews in health centres.

RESULTS

For content validity, 'eating' (1.00, p < 0.001) and 'speaking' (0.96, p < 0.001) obtained the highest level of agreement among experts. For criterion and construct validity, there was an inverse correlation between self-rated oral health, perceived oral treatment needs and satisfaction with oral health and OIDP score. Cronbach's alpha coefficient varied from 0.69 to 0.67 when 'work' and 'vigorous physical activities' were deleted. Test-retest reliability was 0.69 (ICC).

CONCLUSION

The validation process showed that the Brazilian OIDP has the necessary basic psychometric properties to be used in the 50-74 years age group in Brazil. 'Work' and 'vigorous physical activities' had low impact on oral health. The activity 'vigorous physical activities' was not maintained in the instrument because of its low impact, while 'work' was maintained due of the increase in the 50-59 years age group in the Brazilian population.