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Yokokawa R, Watanabe K, Kanda S, Nishino Y, Yasumasu S, Sano K. Egg envelope formation of medaka Oryzias latipes requires ZP proteins originating from both the liver and ovary. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104600. [PMID: 36906145 PMCID: PMC10140178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Teleost oocytes are surrounded by a structure, called chorion or egg envelopes, which is composed of zona pellucida (ZP) proteins. As a result of the gene duplication in teleost, the expression site of the zp genes, coding the major component protein of egg envelopes, changed from the ovary to the maternal liver. In Euteleostei, there are three liver-expressed zp genes, named choriogenin (chg) h, chg hm, and chg l, and the composition of the egg envelope is mostly made up of these Chgs. In addition, ovary-expressed zp genes are also conserved in the medaka genomes, and their proteins have also been found to be minor components of the egg envelopes. However, the specific role of liver-expressed versus ovary-expressed zp genes was unclear. In the present study, we showed that ovary-synthesized ZP proteins first form the base layer of the egg envelope, and then Chgs polymerize inwardly to thicken the egg envelope. To analyze the effects of dysfunction of the chg gene, we generated some chg knockout medaka. All knockout females failed to produce normally fertilized eggs by the natural spawning. The egg envelopes lacking Chgs were significantly thinner, but layers formed by ZP proteins synthesized in the ovary were found in the thin egg envelope of knockout as well as wild-type eggs. These results suggest that the ovary-expressed zp gene is well conserved in all teleosts, including those species in which liver-derived ZP proteins are the major component, because it is essential for the initiation of egg envelope formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reo Yokokawa
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Japan
| | - Kana Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Nishino
- Department of Materials and Lifesciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yasumasu
- Department of Materials and Lifesciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kaori Sano
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Japan.
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Roundup in the Reproduction of Crucian Carp ( Carassius carassius): An In Vitro Effect on the Pituitary Gland and Ovary. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010105. [PMID: 36611714 PMCID: PMC9817507 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Roundup, the most popular herbicide in global agriculture, is regarded as an endocrine disruptor causing alterations of important hormones at the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis as well as impairment of gametogenesis. The whole pituitary glands of crucian carp (Carassius carassius) were incubated for 3 h in the medium containing Roundup (0-control, 1 and 10 ng/mL). The level of luteinizing hormone (LH), and mRNA transcript abundance of kisspeptin (kiss-1) and its receptor (gpr54), were determined. The isolated ovarian fragments were incubated for 24 h in the presence of Roundup and the following effects on reproductive parameters were determined: the final oocyte maturation and ovulation, structural changes in follicles, secretion of 17,20β-progesterone (17,20β-P) as well as mRNA transcript abundance of the luteinizing hormone receptor (lhr), estrogen receptors (erα, erβ1, erβ2), and zona radiata (chorion) proteins (zp2 and zp3). Roundup inhibited final oocyte maturation and decreased the percentage of ovulated eggs, and furthermore, caused structural changes in the ovarian follicular components. There were no significant changes in the measured hormone levels and analyzed genes mRNA transcript abundance. Summing up, obtained results indicate that Roundup may adversely affect oocyte maturation and the quality of eggs, suggesting that exposure to this herbicide can lead to reproductive disorders in fish.
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Birk DS, Onose S, Kinoshita M, Murata K. Medaka, Oryzias latipes, egg envelopes are created by ovarian-expressed ZP proteins and liver-expressed choriogenins. ZOOLOGICAL LETTERS 2022; 8:11. [PMID: 35902919 PMCID: PMC9330664 DOI: 10.1186/s40851-022-00194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The medaka (Oryzias latipes) egg envelope (chorion) is composed of three major glycoproteins, Zona Interna (ZI)-1, -2, and -3, that originate in the spawning female liver as the precursor proteins Choriogenin (Chg.)H, Chg.Hm, and Chg.L, respectively. These ZI and Chg. proteins contain a structural ZP protein domain that is conserved among the egg envelope proteins of all animals. While ovarian expression of ZP proteins (e.g., ZPCs and ZPB) has been reported in medakas, the functions of these proteins remain unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to determine whether the ovary-expressed medaka ZP protein, mZPC5, is involved in forming the chorion matrix.The mZPC5 gene (mzpc5) was expressed in the ovaries but not the livers of mature female medakas, as shown by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays with mzpc5-specific primers. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that ovarian mzpc5 expression was restricted to the ooplasm of early (stage I-III) previtellogenic oocytes, and its expression signal weakened with oocyte growth. Following sodium-dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting analysis with anti-mZPC5 antibodies, two immunoreactive proteins were detected in the ovary and chorion extracts. These proteins were approximately 50 and 74 kDa in size, like ZI-3 and ZI-2, respectively.Immunohistochemical assays using anti-mZPC5 and anti-Chg.H antibodies localized the mZPC5 protein in the ooplasm of early previtellogenic oocytes. With oocyte growth, mZPC5 tended to accumulate in the chorion, co-localizing with Chg.H.We previously showed that ovary-expressed ZP proteins could not compensate for Chg.L function loss in gene knock-out (chg.l -/-) medakas. As in our previous study, the chg.l-/- females produced oocytes with thin chorions, resulting in infertile soft eggs. However, in the present study, mZPC5 and Chg.H were co-localized in the chg.l-/- chorions. These results suggested that in the medaka previtellogenic oocyte, 1) mZPC5 is secreted from the ooplasm and deposited on the outer surface of its plasma membrane, creating the thin chorion layer; and 2) following the accumulation of liver-derived Chgs., the 3D structure of the chorion matrix is formed cooperatively with mZPC5 and Chgs. during oogenesis. More research is needed to confirm the functions of mZPC5 in chorion structure and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devun S. Birk
- University of California, Davis. Center for Health and the Environment, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Shinji Onose
- University of California, Davis. Center for Health and the Environment, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- Fordays Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 103-0016 Japan
| | - Masato Kinoshita
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Kenji Murata
- University of California, Davis. Center for Health and the Environment, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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Sano K, Shimada S, Mibu H, Taguchi M, Ohsawa T, Kawaguchi M, Yasumasu S. Lineage-specific evolution of zona pellucida genes in fish. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2022; 338:181-191. [PMID: 35189032 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The zona pellucida (ZP) protein constitutes the egg envelope, which surrounds the vertebrate embryo. We performed a comprehensive study on the molecular evolution of ZP genes in Teleostei by cloning and analyzing the expression of ZP genes in fish of Anguilliformes in Elopomorpha, Osteoglossiformes in Osteoglossomorpha, and Clupeiformes in Otocephala to cover unsurveyed fish groups in Teleostei. The present results confirmed findings from our previous reports that the principal organ of ZP gene expression changed from ovary to liver in the common ancestors of Clupeocephala. Even fish species that synthesize egg envelopes in the liver carry the ovary-expressed ZP proteins as minor egg envelope components that were produced by gene duplication during the early stage of Teleostei evolution. The amino acid repeat sequences located at the N-terminal region of ZP proteins are known to be the substrates of transglutaminase responsible for egg envelope hardening and hatching. A repeat sequence was found in zona pellucida Cs of phylogenetically early diverged fish. After changing the synthesis organ, its role is inherited by the N-terminal Pro-Gln-Xaa repeat sequence in liver-expressed zona pellucida B genes of Clupeocephala. These results suggest that teleost ZP genes have independently evolved to maintain fish-specific functions, such as egg envelope hardening and egg envelope digestion, at hatching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Sano
- Deparatment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sho Shimada
- Deparatment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideki Mibu
- Deparatment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mizuki Taguchi
- Department of Biology, Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takasumi Ohsawa
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Kawaguchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yasumasu
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Murata K, Kinoshita M. Targeted deletion of liver-expressed Choriogenin L results in the production of soft eggs and infertility in medaka, Oryzias latipes. ZOOLOGICAL LETTERS 2022; 8:1. [PMID: 34983666 PMCID: PMC8729012 DOI: 10.1186/s40851-021-00185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Egg envelopes (chorions) in medaka, Oryzias latipes, are composed of three major glycoproteins: ZI-1, - 2, and - 3. These gene-encoded chorion glycoproteins are expressed in the liver and/or ovarian oocytes of sexually mature female fish. In medaka, the glycoproteins produced in the female liver are induced by estrogen as Choriogenin (Chg.) H and Chg. H minor (m), which correspond to the zona pellucida (ZP) B (ZPB) protein in mammals, and Chg. L, which corresponds to ZPC in mammals. Chg. H, Chg. Hm, and Chg. L, are then converted to ZI-1, - 2, and - 3, respectively, during oogenesis in medaka ovaries.In the present study, we established a medaka line in which the chg.l gene was inactivated using the transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) technique. Neither intact chg.l transcripts nor Chg. L proteins were detected in livers of sexually mature female homozygotes for the mutation (homozygous chg.l knockout: chg.l-/-). The chg.l-/- females spawned string-like materials containing "smashed eggs." Closer examination revealed the oocytes in the ovaries of chg.l-/- females had thin chorions, particularly at the inner layer, despite a normal growth rate. In comparing chorions from normal (chg.l+/+) and chg.l-/- oocytes, the latter exhibited abnormal architecture in the chorion pore canals through which the oocyte microvilli pass. These microvilli mediate the nutritional exchange between the oocyte and surrounding spaces and promote sperm-egg interactions during fertilization. Thus, following in vitro fertilization, no embryos developed in the artificially inseminated oocytes isolated from chg.l-/- ovaries. These results demonstrated that medaka ZI-3 (Chg.L) is the major component of the inner layer of the chorion, as it supports and maintains the oocyte's structural shape, enabling it to withstand the pressures exerted against the chorion during spawning, and is essential for successful fertilization. Therefore, gene products of oocyte-specific ZP genes that may be expressed in medaka oocytes cannot compensate for the loss Chg. L function to produce offspring for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Murata
- University of California, Davis. Center for Health and the Environment, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Masato Kinoshita
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
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Lai XJ, Peng S, Wang YL. Dynamic transcriptome analysis of ovarian follicles in artificial maturing Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). Theriogenology 2021; 180:176-188. [PMID: 34990963 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inducing maturation of the ovaries to enable the production of good-quality eggs is critical for the successful artificial breeding of Anguilla japonica. During the spawning season, however, the ovaries of A. japonica have been found to develop into asynchronous clutches, impeding the success of artificial breeding on a commercial scale. The dynamic molecular regulation of follicular development in the same individual was assessed by transcriptome analysis of the five stages of follicles, the pre-vitellogenic, early vitellogenic, midvitellogenic, late vitellogenic, and migratory nucleus stages in artificial maturing A. japonica. Comparisons across these developmental stages identified a total of 19,298 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs). Short time-series expression miner analysis across these DETs revealed four significant expression profiles. Gene Ontology function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses found that some of the significantly enriched biological processes and metabolic pathways included those related to steroid hormone biosynthesis (cyp11a1, cyp17a1, cyp17a2, hsd17b1, and hsd17b12), cargo receptor activity (vtgr and vldlr), meiosis and ovulation (pgrs and mPRγ), hydration (cts and aqp1), and egg coat formation (zp). These genes and pathways were associated with serum 17β-estradiol concentrations and morphological changes. The levels of hsd17b12 and mPRγ mRNAs were much higher during the migratory nucleus stage, suggesting their respective involvement in the biosynthesis and functional pathway of the maturation-inducing steroid 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one. The gene subtypes aqp1b and ctsd may regulate water influx into oocytes and yolk protein proteolysis, respectively. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to describe combined transcriptome profiling of asynchronously developing follicles in the same individual. The findings suggest that steroid hormone synthesis and nutrient absorption in follicular somatic cells play important roles during follicular development and maturation, despite the same external physiological surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jian Lai
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, 361013, China.
| | - Shuai Peng
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yi Lei Wang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Cai L, Liu G, Wei Y, Zhu Y, Li J, Miao Z, Chen M, Yue Z, Yu L, Dong Z, Ye H, Sun W, Huang R. Whole-genome sequencing reveals sex determination and liver high-fat storage mechanisms of yellowstripe goby (Mugilogobius chulae). Commun Biol 2021; 4:15. [PMID: 33398077 PMCID: PMC7782490 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a promising novel marine fish model for future research on marine ecotoxicology as well as an animal model of human disease, the genome information of yellowstripe goby (Mugilogobius chulae) remains unknown. Here we report the first annotated chromosome-level reference genome assembly for yellowstripe goby. A 20.67-cM sex determination region was discovered on chromosome 5 and seven potential sex-determining genes were identified. Based on combined genome and transcriptome data, we identified three key lipid metabolic pathways for high-fat accumulation in the liver of yellowstripe goby. The changes in the expression patterns of MGLL and CPT1 at different development stage of the liver, and the expansion of the ABCA1 gene, innate immune gene TLR23, and TRIM family genes may help in balancing high-fat storage in hepatocytes and steatohepatitis. These results may provide insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and high-fat storage in the liver of marine fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cai
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guocheng Liu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanzheng Wei
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yabing Zhu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongyu Miao
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meili Chen
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yue
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lujun Yu
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhensheng Dong
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huixin Ye
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ren Huang
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
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Sano K, Yokoyama R, Kitano T, Takegaki T, Kitazawa N, Kaneko T, Nishino Y, Yasumasu S, Kawaguchi M. Male parental assistance in embryo hatching of barred‐chin blenny
Rhabdoblennius nitidus. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2019; 332:81-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Sano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceJosai UniversitySakado Saitama Japan
| | - Risa Yokoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceJosai UniversitySakado Saitama Japan
| | - Takako Kitano
- Faculty of FisheriesNagasaki UniversityNagasaki Japan
| | - Takeshi Takegaki
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental SciencesNagasaki UniversityNagasaki Japan
| | - Nobumasa Kitazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceJosai UniversitySakado Saitama Japan
| | - Toyoji Kaneko
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyo Japan
| | - Yoshihide Nishino
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and TechnologySophia UniversityTokyo Japan
| | - Shigeki Yasumasu
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and TechnologySophia UniversityTokyo Japan
| | - Mari Kawaguchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and TechnologySophia UniversityTokyo Japan
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Feng JM, Tian HF, Hu QM, Meng Y, Xiao HB. Evolution and multiple origins of zona pellucida genes in vertebrates. Biol Open 2018; 7:7/11/bio036137. [PMID: 30425109 PMCID: PMC6262864 DOI: 10.1242/bio.036137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal egg coats are composed of different glycoproteins collectively named zona pellucida (ZP) proteins. The characterized vertebrate genes encoding ZP proteins have been classified into six subfamilies, and exhibit low similarity to the ZP genes characterized in certain invertebrates. The origin and evolution of the vertebrate ZP genes remain obscure. A search against 97 representative metazoan species revealed various numbers (ranging from three to 33) of different putative egg-coat ZP genes in all 47 vertebrates and several ZP genes in five invertebrate species, but no putative ZP gene was found in the other 45 species. Based on phylogenetic and synteny analyses, all vertebrate egg-coat ZP genes were classified into eight ZP gene subfamilies. Lineage- and species-specific gene duplications and gene losses occurred frequently and represented the main causes of the patchy distribution of the eight ZP gene subfamilies in vertebrates. Thorough phylogenetic analyses revealed that the vertebrate ZP genes could be traced to three independent origins but were not orthologues of the characterized invertebrate ZP genes. Our results suggested that vertebrate egg-coat ZP genes should be classified into eight subfamilies, and a putative evolutionary map is proposed. These findings would aid the functional and evolutionary analyses of these reproductive genes in vertebrates. Summary: Phylogenetic and synteny analyses indicate that the vertebrate zona pellucida (ZP) genes encoding egg coat proteins can be classified into eight subfamilies, and the evolutionary origins of these genes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Mei Feng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430056, China
| | - Hai-Feng Tian
- Department of Aquaculture and Genetics Breeding, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiao-Mu Hu
- Department of Aquaculture and Genetics Breeding, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Aquaculture and Genetics Breeding, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, Hubei Province, China
| | - Han-Bing Xiao
- Department of Aquaculture and Genetics Breeding, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, Hubei Province, China
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Abstract
An ovulated egg of vertebrates is surrounded by unique extracellular matrix, the egg coat or zona pellucida, playing important roles in fertilization and early development. The vertebrate egg coat is composed of two to six zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins that are characterized by the evolutionarily conserved ZP-domain module and classified into six subfamilies based on phylogenetic analyses. Interestingly, investigations of biochemical and functional features of the ZP glycoproteins show that the roles of each ZP-glycoprotein family member in the egg-coat formation and the egg-sperm interactions seemingly vary across vertebrates. This might be one reason why comprehensive understandings of the molecular basis of either architecture or physiological functions of egg coat still remain elusive despite more than 3 decades of intensive investigations. In this chapter, an overview of avian egg focusing on the oogenesis are provided in the first section, and unique features of avian egg coat, i.e., perivitelline layer, including the morphology, biogenesis pathway, and physiological functions are discussed mainly on chicken and quail in terms of the characteristics of ZP glycoproteins in the following sections. In addition, these features of avian egg coat are compared to mammalian zona pellucida, from the viewpoint that the structural and functional varieties of ZP glycoproteins might be associated with the evolutionary adaptation to their reproductive strategies. By comparing the egg coat of birds and mammals whose reproductive strategies are largely different, new insights into the molecular mechanisms of vertebrate egg-sperm interactions might be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okumura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
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Ugwu SI, Shiba K, Inaba K, Morita M. A Unique Seminal Plasma Protein, Zona Pellucida 3-Like Protein, has Ca 2+ -Dependent Sperm Agglutination Activity. Zoolog Sci 2018; 35:161-171. [PMID: 29623792 DOI: 10.2108/zs170150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Identification of seminal proteins provides a means of investigating their roles. Despite their importance in the study of protein function, such as regulation of sperm motility, it is difficult to select candidates from the large number of proteins. Analyzing the rate of molecular evolution is a useful strategy for selecting candidates, and expressing the protein allows the examination of its function. In the present study, we investigated seminal plasma proteins of the cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus, which exhibits a unique mode of fertilization and a rapidly evolving gene that encodes a seminal plasma protein, zona-pellucida 3-like (ZP3-like), which does not belong to the same molecular family as other ZPs. Seminal plasma proteins of O. mossambicus were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis, and 19 major proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MALDI-Tof Mass). Because proteins that are under positive selection often impact sperm function, the rates of molecular evolution of these proteins were analyzed in terms of non-synonymous/synonymous substitutions (ω). Among the 19 proteins, positive selection was supported for five genes; functional assays were carried out on four of the proteins encoded by these genes. Of the four positively selected proteins, only ZP3-like protein agglutinated sperm in a dose- and Ca2+ -dependent manner. The other three proteins did not affect sperm motility. Because of the unique fertilization type, in which fertilization occurs in the buccal cavity, the need to retain sperm within the cavity during spawning, and the agglutination of sperm, which may be partly assisted by ZP3-like protein, may contribute to fertilization success. Fertilization in the buccal cavity may be related to its rapid molecular evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Ifeanyi Ugwu
- 1 Sesoko Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 3422 Sesoko, Motobu, Okinawa 905-0227, Japan
| | - Kogiku Shiba
- 2 Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 5-10-1 Shimoda City, Shizuoka 415-0025, Japan
| | - Kazuo Inaba
- 2 Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 5-10-1 Shimoda City, Shizuoka 415-0025, Japan
| | - Masaya Morita
- 1 Sesoko Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 3422 Sesoko, Motobu, Okinawa 905-0227, Japan
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Wu T, Cheng Y, Liu Z, Tao W, Zheng S, Wang D. Bioinformatic analyses of zona pellucida genes in vertebrates and their expression in Nile tilapia. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:435-449. [PMID: 29307115 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Zona pellucida (ZP) genes encode ZP glycoproteins which constitute the coat surrounding oocytes and early embryos. Genome-wide identification of ZP genes is still lacking in vertebrates, especially in fish species. Herein, we conducted bioinformatic analyses of the ZP genes of the Nile tilapia and other vertebrates. Totally 16, 9, 17, 27, 21, 20, 26, 19, 14,11, 24, 17, 9, 18, 8, 11, 9, 8, 5, and 4 ZP genes belonging to 5 subfamilies (ZPA, ZPB, ZPC, ZPD, and ZPAX) were found in the sea lamprey, elephant shark, coelacanth, spotted gar, zebrafish, medaka, stickleback, Nile tilapia, Amazon molly, platyfish, seahorse, Northern snakehead, cavefish, tetraodon, clawed frog, turtle, chicken, platypus, kangaroo rat, and human genomes, respectively. The expansion of ZP genes in basal vertebrates was mainly achieved by gene duplication of ZPB, ZPC, and ZPAX subfamilies, while the shrink of ZP gene number in viviparous mammals was achieved by keeping only one copy of the ZP genes in each subfamily or even secondary loss of some subfamilies. The number of ZP gene is related to the environment where the eggs are fertilized and the embryos develop in vertebrates. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 14 ZP genes were expressed in the ovary of Nile tilapia, while two (ZPB2b and ZPC2) were highly expressed in the liver. On the other hand, ZPB1a and ZPB2c were not found to be expressed in any tissue or at any developmental stage of the gonads examined. In the ovary, the expression of ZP genes started from 30 dah (days after hatching), significantly upregulated at 90 dah and maintained this level at 180 dah. The expression of ZPC2 in the liver and ZPC5-2 and ZPAX1 in the ovary was confirmed by in situ hybridization. The ovary- and liver-expressed ZP genes are expressed coordinately with oocyte growth in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524025, China
| | - Yunying Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhilong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenjing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shuqing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Deshou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Sano K, Kawaguchi M, Katano K, Tomita K, Inokuchi M, Nagasawa T, Hiroi J, Kaneko T, Kitagawa T, Fujimoto T, Arai K, Tanaka M, Yasumasu S. Comparison of Egg Envelope Thickness in Teleosts and its Relationship to the Sites of ZP Protein Synthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2017; 328:240-258. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Sano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Josai University; Sakado Saitama Japan
| | - Mari Kawaguchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology; Sophia University; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Keita Katano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Josai University; Sakado Saitama Japan
| | - Kenji Tomita
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Mayu Inokuchi
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Tatsuki Nagasawa
- Department of Anatomy; The Jikei University School of Medicine; Minato-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Junya Hiroi
- Department of Anatomy; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae-ku Kawasaki Japan
| | - Toyoji Kaneko
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Takashi Kitagawa
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute; The University of Tokyo; Kashiwa Chiba Japan
| | - Takafumi Fujimoto
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Arai
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- International Institute for Advanced Studies; Kizugawa-shi Kyoto Japan
| | - Shigeki Yasumasu
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology; Sophia University; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
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14
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Clupeiformes’ Egg Envelope Proteins characterization: The case of Engraulis encrasicolus as a proxy for stock assessment through a novel molecular tool. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 100:95-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Okumura H, Sato T, Sakuma R, Fukushima H, Matsuda T, Ujita M. Identification of distinctive interdomain interactions among ZP-N, ZP-C and other domains of zona pellucida glycoproteins underlying association of chicken egg-coat matrix. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:454-65. [PMID: 26106520 PMCID: PMC4475693 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken ZP1 and ZP3 assemble through strong interactions between their ZP-C domains. ZP-C domains of chicken ZP1 and ZP3 are deeply embedded in the egg-coat matrix. Chicken ZP1 forms a homocomplex through non-covalent interaction between repeat domains. Chicken ZPD is deposited on the interstices of ZP1–ZP3 matrix in the egg coat. We propose a model for the architecture of chicken egg-coat matrix from these results.
The vertebrate egg coat, including mammalian zona pellucida, is an oocyte-specific extracellular matrix comprising two to six zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins. The egg coat plays important roles in fertilization, especially in species-specific interactions with sperm to induce the sperm acrosome reaction and to form the block to polyspermy. It is suggested that the physiological functions of the egg coat are mediated and/or regulated coordinately by peptide and carbohydrate moieties of the ZP glycoproteins that are spatially arranged in the egg coat, whereas a comprehensive understanding of the architecture of vertebrate egg-coat matrix remains elusive. Here, we deduced the orientations and/or distributions of chicken ZP glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP3 and ZPD, in the egg-coat matrix by confocal immunofluorescent microscopy, and in the ZP1–ZP3 complexes generated in vitro by co-immunoprecipitation assays. We further confirmed interdomain interactions of the ZP glycoproteins by far-Western blot analyses of the egg-coat proteins and pull-down assays of ZP1 in the serum, using recombinant domains of ZP glycoproteins as probes. Our results suggest that the ZP1 and ZP3 bind through their ZP-C domains to form the ZP1–ZP3 complexes and fibrils, which are assembled into bundles through interactions between the repeat domains of ZP1 to form the ZP1–ZP3 matrix, and that the ZPD molecules self-associate and bind to the ZP1–ZP3 matrix through its ZP-N and ZP-C domains to form the egg-coat matrix. Based on these results, we propose a tentative model for the architecture of the chicken egg-coat matrix that might be applicable to other vertebrate ones.
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Key Words
- CBB, Coomassie Brilliant Blue
- DIC, differential interference contrast
- DTT, dithiothreitol
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EHP, external hydrophobic patch
- Egg coat
- Extracellular matrix
- Fertilization
- His6, hexahistidine
- IHP, internal hydrophobic patch
- Interdomain interaction
- MBP, maltose binding protein
- RT, room temperature
- TGFR, transforming growth factor-β receptor
- THP, Tamm–Horsfall protein
- Trx, thioredoxin
- ZP, zona pellucida
- Zona pellucida
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okumura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 52 838 2451; fax: +81 52 833 5524.
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Rio Sakuma
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fukushima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuda
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Minoru Ujita
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
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Kawaguchi M, Tomita K, Sano K, Kaneko T. Molecular events in adaptive evolution of the hatching strategy of ovoviviparous fishes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2014; 324:41-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kawaguchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences; Faculty of Science and Technology; Sophia University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenji Tomita
- Technology Advancement Center; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kaori Sano
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Josai University; Saitama Japan
| | - Toyoji Kaneko
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
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17
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Sano K, Kawaguchi M, Watanabe S, Yasumasu S. Neofunctionalization of a duplicate hatching enzyme gene during the evolution of teleost fishes. BMC Evol Biol 2014; 14:221. [PMID: 25326699 PMCID: PMC4219043 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-014-0221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duplication and subsequent neofunctionalization of the teleostean hatching enzyme gene occurred in the common ancestor of Euteleostei and Otocephala, producing two genes belonging to different phylogenetic clades (clade I and II). In euteleosts, the clade I enzyme inherited the activity of the ancestral enzyme of swelling the egg envelope by cleavage of the N-terminal region of egg envelope proteins. The clade II enzyme gained two specific cleavage sites, N-ZPd and mid-ZPd but lost the ancestral activity. Thus, euteleostean clade II enzymes assumed a new function; solubilization of the egg envelope by the cooperative action with clade I enzyme. However, in Otocephala, the clade II gene was lost during evolution. Consequently, in a late group of Otocephala, only the clade I enzyme is present to swell the egg envelope. We evaluated the egg envelope digestion properties of clade I and II enzymes in Gonorynchiformes, an early diverging group of Otocephala, using milkfish, and compared their digestion with those of other fishes. Finally, we propose a hypothesis of the neofunctionalization process. RESULTS The milkfish clade II enzyme cleaved N-ZPd but not mid-ZPd, and did not cause solubilization of the egg envelope. We conclude that neofunctionalization is incomplete in the otocephalan clade II enzymes. Comparison of clade I and clade II enzyme characteristics implies that the specificity of the clade II enzymes gradually changed during evolution after the duplication event, and that a change in substrate was required for the addition of the mid-ZPd site and loss of activity at the N-terminal region. CONCLUSIONS We infer the process of neofunctionalization of the clade II enzyme after duplication of the gene. The ancestral clade II gene gained N-ZPd cleavage activity in the common ancestral lineage of the Euteleostei and Otocephala. Subsequently, acquisition of cleavage activity at the mid-ZPd site and loss of cleavage activity in the N-terminal region occurred during the evolution of Euteleostei, but not of Otocephala. The clade II enzyme provides an example of the development of a neofunctional gene for which the substrate, the egg envelope protein, has adapted to a gradual change in the specificity of the corresponding enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Sano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan.
| | - Mari Kawaguchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, 422-1 Nakatsuhamaura, Minami-ise, Mie, 516-0193, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Yasumasu
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan.
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18
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Shi J, Peng K, Sheng J, Wang J, Yi W, Wu H, Gu Q, Hong Y. A specific genomic organization and a novel promoter sequence for both ZP2 and ZP3 gene expressions in the Pingxiang red transparent crucian carp, Carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2013; 8:275-82. [PMID: 24029638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We cloned the full-length cDNA of ZP2 from Carassius auratus var. Pingxiangnensis (CaP_ZP2) and identified a cluster of three ZP genes through its DNA walker. These three genes, CaP_ZP3.1, CaP_ZP2 and CaP_ZP3.2 were located within a 10,855bp region and each comprised of eight exons spanning 1348bp, 1638bp and 1348bp, respectively. Protein bands of egg membrane between 40 and 70kDa were in concordance with the deduced amino acid of these three CaP_ZP genes cDNA and with their molecular mass. This is the first report that two CaP_ZP3 genes were separated by CaP_ZP2 gene. A novel sequence of 1097bp, located between CaP_ZP2 and CaP_ZP3.2, was inserted into the modified pAcGFP1-1 vector in the forward and reverse directions. Results showed that individual sequence served as promoters utilizing common regulatory elements in the forward and reverse directions for both CaP_ZP2 and CaP_ZP3.2 gene expressions. In situ hybridization against CaP_ZP2 confirmed that a strong positive signal was detected in the early development oocytes. Similarly, real-time PCR results also showed that CaP_ZP2 transcription increased mainly in a 4-8month ovary, but was decreased dramatically in a 9-12month ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Shi
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
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19
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SANO KAORI, KAWAGUCHI MARI, WATANABE SATOSHI, NAGAKURA YOSHITOMO, HIRAKI TAKASHI, YASUMASU SHIGEKI. Inferring the Evolution of TeleosteanzpGenes Based on Their Sites of Expression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2013; 320:332-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KAORI SANO
- Department of Science and Technology; Sophia University; Tokyo Japan
| | - MARI KAWAGUCHI
- Department of Science and Technology; Sophia University; Tokyo Japan
| | - SATOSHI WATANABE
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences; Tsukuba Japan
| | - YOSHITOMO NAGAKURA
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute; Fisheries Research Agency; Miyagi Japan
| | - TAKASHI HIRAKI
- Department of Science and Technology; Sophia University; Tokyo Japan
| | - SHIGEKI YASUMASU
- Department of Science and Technology; Sophia University; Tokyo Japan
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Mazzeo I, Peñaranda DS, Gallego V, Hildahl J, Nourizadeh-Lillabadi R, Asturiano JF, Pérez L, Weltzien FA. Variations in the gene expression of zona pellucida proteins, zpb and zpc, in female European eel (Anguilla anguilla) during induced sexual maturation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2012; 178:338-46. [PMID: 22750510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate eggs are surrounded by an extracellular glycoprotein coat termed zona pellucida (ZP). Integrity of ZP is critical for a correct embryo development. Two zona pellucida protein genes (zpb and zpc) from European eel were characterized, specific qPCR assays developed and their expression in immature males and females carried out. An experimental group of silver-stage eel females was maintained at 18 °C and hormonally induced to sexual maturation by weekly injections of carp pituitary extract during 12 weeks. Changes in zpb and zpc expression during sexual maturation were studied in liver and ovary by qPCR. In liver, no changes were recorded during hormonal treatment, while in ovary expression of both genes decreased during sexual development. These results are a first step in the characterization of ZP in European eel and in the understanding of the mechanism underlying egg envelope formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mazzeo
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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21
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Wu T, Wang H, Qin F, Liu S, Li M, Xu P, Wang Z. Expression of zona pellucida B proteins in juvenile rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) exposed to 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-nonylphenol and bisphenol A. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 155:259-68. [PMID: 21946248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Zona pellucida (ZP) containing proteins are glycoproteins in teleost chorion and are encoded by several gene subfamilies, mainly including ZPA, ZPB, ZPC and ZPX genes. In teleost species, ZP genes are expressed either in liver under regulation of estrogen or in ovary. In the present study, five ZP gene isoforms were isolated and characterized in Gobiocypris rarus. The putative amino acid sequences of these ZP gene isoforms contain the typical trefoil motif and a ZP domain. These five G. rarus ZP gene isoforms were named as grZPB.1, grZPB.2, grZPB.3, grZPB.4 and grZPB.5. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated that all these ZP mRNA isoforms were exclusively expressed in ovary. G. rarus juveniles at the age of 21 days postfertilization were exposed to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2; 0.01, 0.1 and 1 nM), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP; 10, 100 and 1000 nM) or bisphenol A (BPA; 0.1, 1 and 10nM) for 3 days. mRNA expressions of ZPB isoforms following the exposure to xenoestrogen were detected by RT-qPCR. Data were analyzed by the 2(-△△Cq) method. The results indicate that induction by 0.1-1nM EE2 on mRNA expression of the grZPB isoforms is weaker than for vitellogenin. 4-NP exposures at three concentrations had differential effects on the grZPBs. BPA at three concentrations weakly induced mRNA expression of the grZPB isoforms.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Benzhydryl Compounds
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cyprinidae/embryology
- Cyprinidae/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Egg Proteins/classification
- Egg Proteins/genetics
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/embryology
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Estrogens/toxicity
- Ethinyl Estradiol/toxicity
- Female
- Fish Proteins/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/classification
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Ovary/drug effects
- Ovary/embryology
- Ovary/metabolism
- Phenols/toxicity
- Phylogeny
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/classification
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Xenobiotics/toxicity
- Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Sano K, Kawaguchi M, Yoshikawa M, Kaneko T, Tanaka T, Iuchi I, Yasumasu S. Hatching enzyme of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica and the possible evolution of the egg envelope digestion mechanism. FEBS J 2011; 278:3711-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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