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Effects of 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol on insulin secretion both in in vitro and ex vivo pancreatic preparations. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 149:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Szymczak-Pajor I, Fleszar K, Kasznicki J, Gralewska P, Śliwińska A. A potential role of calpains in sulfonylureas (SUs) -mediated death of human pancreatic cancer cells (1.2B4). Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 73:105128. [PMID: 33652124 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonylureas (SUs) are suggested to accelerate the pancreatic β-cells mass loss via apoptosis. However, little is known whether calpains mediate this process. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the involvement of calpains in SUs-induced death of human pancreatic cancer (PC) cell line 1.2B4. The cells were exposed to: glibenclamide, glimepiride and gliclazide for 72 h. The expression analysis of caspase-3 (CASP-3), TP53, calpain 1 (CAPN-1), calpain 2 (CAPN-2) and calpain 10 (CAPN-10) was detected using RT-PCR method. Intracellular Ca2+ concentrations, CASP-3 activity and total calpain activity were also evaluated. Our results have shown that glibenclamide and glimepiride decrease 1.2B4 cells viability with accompanied increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration and increased expression of apoptosis-related CASP-3 and TP53. Gliclazide did not affect 1.2B4 cell viability and Ca2+ concentration, however, it downregulated CASP-3 and upregulated TP53. Interestingly, 50 μM glimepiride increased expression of CAPN-1, CAPN-2 and CAPN-10 whereas 50 μM glibenclamide solely upregulated CAPN-2 expression. We have shown that 10 μM and 50 μM glibenclamide and glimepiride increased the activity of CASP-3, but decreased total calpain activity. Our results suggest that calpains may be involved in glibenclamide- and glimepiride-induced death of PC cells. However, further investigation is required to confirm the engagement of calpains in SUs-mediated death of PC cells, especially studies on protein level of particular isoforms of calpains should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Szymczak-Pajor
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Fleszar
- Student Scientific Society of Civilization Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Kasznicki
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Gralewska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
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Russo GT, Giorda CB, Cercone S, De Cosmo S, Nicolucci A, Cucinotta D. Beta cell stress in a 4-year follow-up of patients with type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal analysis of the BetaDecline Study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018; 34:e3016. [PMID: 29669179 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a progressive deterioration in beta cell function and loss of glycaemic control. Clinical predictors of beta cell failure are needed to guide appropriate therapy. METHODS A prospective evaluation of a large set of potential predictors of beta cell stress, measured as change in the proinsulin/insulin (PI/I) ratio, was conducted in a cohort of 235 outpatients with T2DM on stable treatment with oral hypoglycaemic agents or diet followed up for ~4 years (median value 3.9 years; interquartile range 3.8-4.1 years). RESULTS Overall, metabolic control deteriorated over time, with a significant increase in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c; P < .0001), proinsulin (P < .0001), and PI/I ratio (P = .001), without significant changes in the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Multivariate regression analysis showed that for each 1% (10.9 mmol/mol) increase from baseline in HbA1c, the risk of beta cell stress increased by 3.8 times; for each 1% (10.9 mmol/mol) incremental increase in HbA1c during the study, risk of beta cell stress increased by 2.25 times that at baseline. By contrast, baseline anthropometric and clinical variables, lipid profile, inflammatory markers (PCR, IL-6), non-esterified fatty acids, and current therapies did not independently influence PI/I ratio variation during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of patients with T2DM, beta cell function progressively deteriorated despite current therapies. Among a large set of clinical and biochemical predictors, only baseline HbA1c levels and their deterioration overtime were associated with higher beta cell stress over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina T Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Salvatore De Cosmo
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio Nicolucci
- Center for Outcomes Research and clinical Epidemiology (CORE), Pescara, Italy
| | - Domenico Cucinotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Kopp S, Sahana J, Islam T, Petersen AG, Bauer J, Corydon TJ, Schulz H, Saar K, Huebner N, Slumstrup L, Riwaldt S, Wehland M, Infanger M, Luetzenberg R, Grimm D. The role of NFκB in spheroid formation of human breast cancer cells cultured on the Random Positioning Machine. Sci Rep 2018; 8:921. [PMID: 29343717 PMCID: PMC5772637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human MCF-7 breast cancer cells were exposed to a Random Positioning Machine (RPM). After 24 hours (h) the cells grew either adherently within a monolayer (AD) or within multicellular spheroids (MCS). AD and MCS populations were separately harvested, their cellular differences were determined performing qPCR on genes, which were differently expressed in AD and MCS cells. Gene array technology was applied to detect RPM-sensitive genes in MCF-7 cells after 24 h. Furthermore, the capability to form multicellular spheroids in vitro was compared with the intracellular distribution of NF-kappaB (NFκB) p65. NFκB was equally distributed in static control cells, but predominantly localized in the cytoplasm in AD cells and nucleus in MCS cells exposed to the RPM. Gene array analyses revealed a more than 2-fold change of only 23 genes including some whose products are affected by oxygen levels or regulate glycolysis. Significant upregulations of the mRNAs of enzymes degrading heme, of ANXA1, ANXA2, CTGF, CAV2 and ICAM1, as well as of FAS, Casp8, BAX, p53, CYC1 and PARP1 were observed in MCS cells as compared with 1g-control and AD cells. An interaction analysis of 47 investigated genes suggested that HMOX-1 and NFκB variants are activated, when multicellular spheroids are formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Tawhidul Islam
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Asbjørn Graver Petersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, D-50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kathrin Saar
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13092, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Norbert Huebner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13092, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Lasse Slumstrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stefan Riwaldt
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Luetzenberg
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Bukovsky A. Novel Immunological Aspects for the Treatment of Age-induced Ovarian and Testicular Infertility, Other Functional Diseases, and Early and Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Reprod 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118849613.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Bukovsky
- The Laboratory of Reproductive Biology BIOCEV, Institute of Biotechnology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Prague Czech Republic
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Bukovsky A. Involvement of blood mononuclear cells in the infertility, age-associated diseases and cancer treatment. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:399-427. [PMID: 28074124 PMCID: PMC5183987 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i12.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood mononuclear cells consist of T cells and monocyte derived cells. Beside immunity, the blood mononuclear cells belong to the complex tissue control system (TCS), where they exhibit morphostatic function by stimulating proliferation of tissue stem cells followed by cellular differentiation, that is stopped after attaining the proper functional stage, which differs among various tissue types. Therefore, the term immune and morphostatic system (IMS) should be implied. The TCS-mediated morphostasis also consists of vascular pericytes controlled by autonomic innervation, which is regulating the quantity of distinct tissues in vivo. Lack of proper differentiation of tissue cells by TCS causes either tissue underdevelopment, e.g., muscular dystrophy, or degenerative functional failures, e.g., type 1 diabetes and age-associated diseases. With the gradual IMS regression after 35 years of age the gonadal infertility develops, followed by a growing incidence of age-associated diseases and cancers. Without restoring an altered TCS function in a degenerative disease, the implantation of tissue-specific stem cells alone by regenerative medicine can not be successful. Transfused young blood could temporarily restore fertility to enable parenthood. The young blood could also temporarily alleviate aging diseases, and this can be extended by substances inducing IMS regeneration, like the honey bee propolis. The local and/or systemic use of honey bee propolis stopped hair and teeth loss, regressed varicose veins, improved altered hearing, and lowered high blood pressure and sugar levels. Complete regression of stage IV ovarian cancer with liver metastases after a simple elaborated immunotherapy is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Bukovsky
- Antonin Bukovsky, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology BIOCEV, Institute of Biotechnology Czech Academy of Sciences, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic
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Amate JM, Lopez-Cuadrado T, Almendro N, Bouza C, Saz-Parkinson Z, Rivas-Ruiz R, Gonzalez-Canudas J. Effectiveness and safety of glimepiride and iDPP4, associated with metformin in second line pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69:292-304. [PMID: 25683794 PMCID: PMC5024024 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our review analyses the studies that have specifically compared the association iDPP4/metformin with glimepiride/metformin, both in second line pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). METHODS Systematic literature review with a meta-analysis of clinical trials comparing glimepiride with any iDPP4, both used together with metformin as a second line treatment of DM2. The effectiveness variables used were as follows: %HbA1c variation, fasting plasma glucose variation, patients achieving the therapeutic objective of HbA1c <7%, treatment dropouts due to lack of effectiveness and rescue treatments needed. The safety variables included were as follows: weight variation at the end of treatment; presentation of any type of adverse event; presentation of serious adverse events; patients who experienced any type of hypoglycaemia; patients who experienced severe hypoglycaemia; treatments suspended due to adverse effects; and deaths for any reason. RESULTS Four studies met the inclusion criteria. The group treated with glimepiride showed better results in all effectiveness variables. Regarding safety variables, the main differences observed were in the greater number of cases with hypoglycaemia in the group treated with glimepiride, and the serious adverse events or treatment discontinuations due to these which occurred in slightly over 2% more cases in this group compared to the iDPP4 group. The remaining adverse events, including mortality, did not show any differences between both groups. The variation in the weight difference between groups (2.1 kg) is not considered clinically relevant. CONCLUSIONS A greater effectiveness is seen in the glimepiride/metformin association, which should not be diminished by slight differences in adverse effects, with absence of severe hypoglycaemia in over 98% of patients under treatment. The association of glimepiride/metformin, both due to cost as well as effectiveness and safety, may be the preferential treatment for most DM2 patients, and it offers a potential advantage in refractory hyperglycemic populations, tolerant to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Amate
- Institute of Health "Carlos III", Healthcare Technologies Assessment Agency, Madrid, Spain
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Nygaard SB, Lund NS, Larsen A, Pedersen N, Rungby J, Smidt K. Exogenous metallothionein potentiates the insulin response at normal glucose concentrations in INS-1E beta-cells without disturbing intracellular ZnT8 expression. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 116:173-7. [PMID: 24964825 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne B Nygaard
- Department of Biomedicine - Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Mechanisms of apoptosis in irradiated and sunitinib-treated follicular thyroid cancer cells. Apoptosis 2014; 19:480-90. [PMID: 24213562 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The multikinase inhibitor sunitinib (S) seems to have promising potential in the treatment of thyroid cancer. We focused on the impact of S and/or irradiation (R) on mechanisms of apoptosis in follicular thyroid cancer cells. The effects of R, S and their combination were evaluated 2 and 4 days after treatment, using the human thyroid cancer cell line CGTH W-1. The transcription of genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis was investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. Western blot analyses of caspases and survivin were also performed. S elevated BAX (day 4), CASP9, CASP3, BIRC5 (day 4) and PRKACA (day 4) gene expression, whereas the mRNAs of BCL2, CASP8, PRKCA, ERK1, and ERK2 were not significantly changed. S, R and R+S clearly induced caspase-9 protein and elevated caspase-3 activity. Survivin was down-regulated at day 4 in control cells and the expression was blunted by S treatment. R+S induced survivin expression at day 2 followed by a reduction at day 4 of treatment. Sunitinib and the combined application with radiation induced apoptosis in follicular thyroid cancer cells via the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. In addition, sunitinib might induce apoptosis via decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein survivin. These findings suggest the potential use of sunitinib for the treatment of poorly differentiated follicular thyroid carcinomas.
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