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Graf J, Schulz H, Wehland M, Corydon TJ, Sahana J, Abdelfattah F, Wuest SL, Egli M, Krüger M, Kraus A, Wise PM, Infanger M, Grimm D. Omics Studies of Tumor Cells under Microgravity Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:926. [PMID: 38255998 PMCID: PMC10815863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is defined as a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth, expansion, and progression with metastasis. Various signaling pathways are involved in its development. Malignant tumors exhibit a high morbidity and mortality. Cancer research increased our knowledge about some of the underlying mechanisms, but to this day, our understanding of this disease is unclear. High throughput omics technology and bioinformatics were successful in detecting some of the unknown cancer mechanisms. However, novel groundbreaking research and ideas are necessary. A stay in orbit causes biochemical and molecular biological changes in human cancer cells which are first, and above all, due to microgravity (µg). The µg-environment provides conditions that are not reachable on Earth, which allow researchers to focus on signaling pathways controlling cell growth and metastasis. Cancer research in space already demonstrated how cancer cell-exposure to µg influenced several biological processes being involved in cancer. This novel approach has the potential to fight cancer and to develop future cancer strategies. Space research has been shown to impact biological processes in cancer cells like proliferation, apoptosis, cell survival, adhesion, migration, the cytoskeleton, the extracellular matrix, focal adhesion, and growth factors, among others. This concise review focuses on publications related to genetic, transcriptional, epigenetic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies on tumor cells exposed to real space conditions or to simulated µg using simulation devices. We discuss all omics studies investigating different tumor cell types from the brain and hematological system, sarcomas, as well as thyroid, prostate, breast, gynecologic, gastrointestinal, and lung cancers, in order to gain new and innovative ideas for understanding the basic biology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Graf
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.S.); (M.W.); (F.A.); (M.K.); (P.M.W.)
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.S.); (M.W.); (F.A.); (M.K.); (P.M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.S.); (M.W.); (F.A.); (M.K.); (P.M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (T.J.C.); (J.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (T.J.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Fatima Abdelfattah
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.S.); (M.W.); (F.A.); (M.K.); (P.M.W.)
| | - Simon L. Wuest
- Space Biology Group, Institute of Medical Engineering, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 6052 Hergiswil, Switzerland (M.E.)
| | - Marcel Egli
- Space Biology Group, Institute of Medical Engineering, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 6052 Hergiswil, Switzerland (M.E.)
- National Center for Biomedical Research in Space, Innovation Cluster Space and Aviation (UZH Space Hub), University Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.S.); (M.W.); (F.A.); (M.K.); (P.M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Armin Kraus
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.K.); (M.I.)
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Petra M. Wise
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.S.); (M.W.); (F.A.); (M.K.); (P.M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.K.); (M.I.)
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.K.); (M.I.)
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.S.); (M.W.); (F.A.); (M.K.); (P.M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.K.); (M.I.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (T.J.C.); (J.S.)
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Georgiou I, Ioannou CI, Schmidt J, Eschborn J, Mostofizadeh-Haghighi G, Infanger M, Ghods M, Kruppa P. Free Flaps in Sternal Osteomyelitis After Median Sternotomy: A Center's 12-Year Experience. J Reconstr Microsurg 2023; 39:601-615. [PMID: 36693394 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate treatment of deep sternal wound infections (DSWIs) after open thoracic surgery still presents a major challenge. This study retrospectively analyzes the results of a single center's 12-year experience in treating DSWI, with special emphasis on free flap reconstruction. METHODS In this single-center, retrospective study, all patients admitted with the diagnosis of DSWI after open thoracic surgery between 2009 and 2020 were included. A comparative analysis was performed between: (1) pedicled versus free flaps, (2) the center's two workhorse flaps-the pedicled latissimus dorsi (pLD) versus free anterolateral thigh (fALT) flaps, as well as (3) myocutaneous (MC) versus fasciocutaneous (FC) flaps. Primary endpoints were length of hospital stay (LOS) after reconstruction and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS Of a total of 165 patients included, 152 underwent DSWI defect reconstruction with a total of 12 different reconstruction methods. Although the defect size was larger in patients who underwent free flap coverage, and the risk profile in the fALT and FC flap groups was higher, the LOS after reconstruction (in days) did not differ significantly between the groups (pedicled vs. free flaps: 23 vs. 28, p > 0.05; pLD vs. fALT: 24.5 vs. 26, p > 0.05; MC vs. FC flaps: 23 vs. 26, p > 0.05). Also, no significant differences were found in terms of in-hospital mortality when comparing the groups (pedicled vs. free flaps: 11.2 vs. 17.4%, p > 0.05; pLD vs. fALT: 11.5 vs. 12.5%, p > 0.05; MC vs. FC flaps: 12.9 vs. 12.5%, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION With proper patient selection, free tissue transfer is a valuable alternative in the treatment of sternal dehiscence after a DSWI. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that MC flaps are not necessarily superior to FC flaps in the reconstruction of sternal osteomyelitis defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iakovos Georgiou
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Jeremias Schmidt
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Johannes Eschborn
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Giw Mostofizadeh-Haghighi
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mojtaba Ghods
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Philipp Kruppa
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
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Eschborn J, Kruppa P, Georgiou I, Infanger M, Ghods M. Long-term Results After Autologous Fat Transfer for Treatment of Chronic Lower Extremity Wounds. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2023; 22:524-530. [PMID: 34180745 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211027684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Autologous fat transfer may offer a simple and effective treatment option for chronic wound patients, delivering adipose-derived stem cells, with potent regenerative attributes. Nevertheless, the clinical benefit has not yet been sufficiently demonstrated. A total of 39 wound patients were treated with autologous fat transfer (AFT) and matched with a control group, according to the identified confounding variables "gender" and "method of defect closure." All data were acquired retrospectively. Primary outcome was "wound closure" and "reduction of wound size."After a follow-up of 48 weeks, there was no significant difference in primary outcome (wound closure P = .54) between both groups. The relative wound reduction after fat transfer was 69.9% ± 42.7% compared to 53.4% ± 106.8% in the control group (P = .91). Subgroup analysis of all patients, healed by secondary intention, revealed an increased wound size reduction (P = .03) and wound closure rate (P = .20) in the case group after 12 weeks. No adverse events were recorded. Fat grafting can reduce the wound size if left to secondary healing and may be considered individually for reconstructive purposes. A repeated application of autologous fat might be beneficial due to a temporary effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mojtaba Ghods
- Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Center of Sports Medicine, Potsdam, Germany
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Kruppa P, Gohlke S, Łapiński K, Garcia-Carrizo F, Soultoukis GA, Infanger M, Schulz TJ, Ghods M. Lipedema stage affects adipocyte hypertrophy, subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation and interstitial fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1223264. [PMID: 37575263 PMCID: PMC10417720 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1223264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lipedema is a painful subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) disease characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, immune cell recruitment, and fibrosis in the affected areas. These features are thought to contribute to the development and progression of the condition. However, the relationship between lipedema disease stage and the associated adipose tissue changes has not been determined so far. Methods SAT biopsies of 32 lipedema patients, ranging across the pathological stages I to III, and 14 BMI- and age-matched controls were harvested from lipedema-affected thighs and non-symptomatic lower abdominal regions. Histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and expression analysis of markers for adipogenesis, immunomodulation, and fibrosis were performed on the tissue biopsies. Results Lipedema patients showed increased adipocyte areas and a stage-dependent shift towards larger cell sizes in the thighs. Lipedema SAT was linked with increased interstitial collagen accumulation in the thighs, but not the lower abdominal region when compared to controls. There was a trend toward progressive SAT fibrosis of the affected thighs with increasing lipedema stage. Elevated gene expression levels of macrophage markers were found for thigh SAT biopsies, but not in the abdominal region. IHC staining of lipedema thigh biopsies confirmed a transiently elevated macrophage polarization towards an M2-like (anti-inflammatory) phenotype. Conclusions In summary, lipedema SAT is associated with stage-dependent adipocyte hypertrophy, stage-progressive interstitial fibrosis and elevated proportion of M2-like macrophages. The character of the inflammatory response differs from primary obesity and may possess an essential role in the development of lipedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kruppa
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Gohlke
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Kamila Łapiński
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Francisco Garcia-Carrizo
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany
| | - George A. Soultoukis
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tim J. Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Mojtaba Ghods
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Hand Surgery, Hospital Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
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Corydon TJ, Schulz H, Richter P, Strauch SM, Böhmer M, Ricciardi DA, Wehland M, Krüger M, Erzinger GS, Lebert M, Infanger M, Wise PM, Grimm D. Current Knowledge about the Impact of Microgravity on Gene Regulation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071043. [PMID: 37048115 PMCID: PMC10093652 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Microgravity (µg) has a massive impact on the health of space explorers. Microgravity changes the proliferation, differentiation, and growth of cells. As crewed spaceflights into deep space are being planned along with the commercialization of space travelling, researchers have focused on gene regulation in cells and organisms exposed to real (r-) and simulated (s-) µg. In particular, cancer and metastasis research benefits from the findings obtained under µg conditions. Gene regulation is a key factor in a cell or an organism’s ability to sustain life and respond to environmental changes. It is a universal process to control the amount, location, and timing in which genes are expressed. In this review, we provide an overview of µg-induced changes in the numerous mechanisms involved in gene regulation, including regulatory proteins, microRNAs, and the chemical modification of DNA. In particular, we discuss the current knowledge about the impact of microgravity on gene regulation in different types of bacteria, protists, fungi, animals, humans, and cells with a focus on the brain, eye, endothelium, immune system, cartilage, muscle, bone, and various cancers as well as recent findings in plants. Importantly, the obtained data clearly imply that µg experiments can support translational medicine on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-28-992-179
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Richter
- Gravitational Biology Group, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian M. Strauch
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Joinville 89219-710, SC, Brazil
| | - Maik Böhmer
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dario A. Ricciardi
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gilmar S. Erzinger
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Joinville 89219-710, SC, Brazil
| | - Michael Lebert
- Gravitational Biology Group, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Petra M. Wise
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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Moellhoff N, Prantl L, Behr B, Beier JP, Daigeler A, Dragu A, Eisenhardt SU, Fuchs PC, Germann G, Hirsch T, Horch RE, Infanger M, Jakubietz R, Kneser U, Langer S, Lehnhardt M, Machens HG, Mailänder P, Reichert B, Radtke C, Schaefer DJ, Siemers F, Vogt PM, Menke H, Giunta RE. [Registry Research Funding of the German Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (DGPRÄC) and Research Funding Report 2021/2022]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2023; 55:95-105. [PMID: 36780931 DOI: 10.1055/a-2007-4475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research is an integral part of academic medicine. In plastic surgery, it sets the course for innovations in the specialty. The purpose of this study is to present the research performance of plastic surgeons in Germany for the period 2021/2022 and to compare it with previous periods. MATERIALS AND METHODS The directors of plastic surgical academic institutions reported all requested/approved and rejected research applications to public, non-public and industrial funding organizations. Data was gathered within an established online database. In addition, the DFG´s public database GEPRIS was screened for plastic surgical research grants. Data was also collected regarding research infrastructure and organization at the participating centers. RESULTS 105 applications were reported to 54 different funding agencies from 20 plastic surgery centers. 37 funding applications were submitted to the major public funding agencies DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG, BMVg, G-BA and EU. Of these, 59,5% (22/37) were DFG, 13,5% (5/37) each BMBF and EU, 5,4% (2/37) BMWi, and 2,7% (1/37) each BMG, BMVg, and G-BA applications. The average funding volume of these proposals was 401,515 euros. Approved DFG proposals were most frequently assigned to the review board 205-27 Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery (n=10/16, 62,5%). Over time, the research registry shows an increase in the number of proposals in general and those granted. 70,0% (14/20) of participating sites had their own experimental research laboratory, while only 40,0% (8/20) had their own clinical trial center. CONCLUSION The 2021/2022 Research Funding Report once again highlights the impressive research accomplishments of the plastic surgery community.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Moellhoff
- Abteilung für Hand-, Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - L Prantl
- Hochschulzentrum für Plastische und Ästhetische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie der Universität Regensburg
| | - B Behr
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie, Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, Sarkomzentrum, BG-Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil
| | - J P Beier
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Hand- und Verbrennungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen
| | - A Daigeler
- Klinik für Hand-, Plastische Chirurgie, Rekonstruktive und Verbrennungschirurgie der Eberhard Karls Universität/BG Unfallklinik Tübingen
| | - A Dragu
- UniversitätsCentrum für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Plastische Chirurgie, Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Carl Gustav Carus Universitätsklinikum an der TU Dresden
| | - S U Eisenhardt
- Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
| | - P C Fuchs
- Klinik für Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie - Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum -, Klinikum Köln-Merheim, Universität Witten/Herdecke
| | - G Germann
- ETHIANUM, Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Präventive Medizin am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - T Hirsch
- Abteilung für Hand-, Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - R E Horch
- Hochschulzentrum für Plastische und Ästhetische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie der Universität Regensburg
| | - M Infanger
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie, Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, Sarkomzentrum, BG-Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil
| | - R Jakubietz
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Hand- und Verbrennungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen
| | - U Kneser
- Klinik für Hand-, Plastische Chirurgie, Rekonstruktive und Verbrennungschirurgie der Eberhard Karls Universität/BG Unfallklinik Tübingen.,UniversitätsCentrum für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Plastische Chirurgie, Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Carl Gustav Carus Universitätsklinikum an der TU Dresden
| | - S Langer
- Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
| | - M Lehnhardt
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie, Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, Sarkomzentrum, BG-Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil
| | - H G Machens
- Klinik für Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie - Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum -, Klinikum Köln-Merheim, Universität Witten/Herdecke
| | - P Mailänder
- ETHIANUM, Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Präventive Medizin am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - B Reichert
- Plastische-, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Fachklinik Hornheide, Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster
| | - C Radtke
- Plastisch- und Handchirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU
| | - D J Schaefer
- Klinik für Plastische, Wiederherstellungs-und Handchirurgie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Magdeburg
| | - F Siemers
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie/ Sektion Plastische & Ästhetische Chirurgie/Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
| | - P M Vogt
- Klinik für Hand-, Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie - Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, BG Klinik Ludwigshafen
| | - H Menke
- Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
| | - R E Giunta
- Abteilung für Hand-, Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
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7
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Højer Wang L, Wehland M, Wise PM, Infanger M, Grimm D, Kreissl MC. Cabozantinib, Vandetanib, Pralsetinib and Selpercatinib as Treatment for Progressed Medullary Thyroid Cancer with a Main Focus on Hypertension as Adverse Effect. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032312. [PMID: 36768635 PMCID: PMC9917177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript investigates cabozantinib, vandetanib, pralsetinib, and selpercatinib, four tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which are used to treat advanced and/or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Data on efficacy and safety are presented with the main focus on treatment-related hypertension, a well-known adverse effect (AE) of these TKIs. Taken together, TKI-induced hypertension is rarely a dose-limiting side effect. However, with increasing survival times of patients under treatment, hypertension-associated complications can be expected to be on the rise without proper medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Højer Wang
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Petra M. Wise
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael C. Kreissl
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-13000
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8
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Baran R, Wehland M, Schulz H, Heer M, Infanger M, Grimm D. Microgravity-Related Changes in Bone Density and Treatment Options: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158650. [PMID: 35955775 PMCID: PMC9369243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Space travelers are exposed to microgravity (µg), which induces enhanced bone loss compared to the age-related bone loss on Earth. Microgravity promotes an increased bone turnover, and this obstructs space exploration. This bone loss can be slowed down by exercise on treadmills or resistive apparatus. The objective of this systematic review is to provide a current overview of the state of the art of the field of bone loss in space and possible treatment options thereof. A total of 482 unique studies were searched through PubMed and Scopus, and 37 studies met the eligibility criteria. The studies showed that, despite increased bone formation during µg, the increase in bone resorption was greater. Different types of exercise and pharmacological treatments with bisphosphonates, RANKL antibody (receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand antibody), proteasome inhibitor, pan-caspase inhibitor, and interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody decrease bone resorption and promote bone formation. Additionally, recombinant irisin, cell-free fat extract, cyclic mechanical stretch-treated bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, and strontium-containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles also show some positive effects on bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronni Baran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (H.S.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (H.S.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martina Heer
- IU International University of Applied Sciences, 99084 Erfurt, Germany;
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (H.S.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (H.S.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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9
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Dietrichs D, Grimm D, Sahana J, Melnik D, Corydon TJ, Wehland M, Krüger M, Vermeesen R, Baselet B, Baatout S, Hybel TE, Kahlert S, Schulz H, Infanger M, Kopp S. Three-Dimensional Growth of Prostate Cancer Cells Exposed to Simulated Microgravity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:841017. [PMID: 35252204 PMCID: PMC8893349 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.841017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer metastasis has an enormous impact on the mortality of cancer patients. Factors involved in cancer progression and metastasis are known to be key players in microgravity (µg)-driven three-dimensional (3D) cancer spheroid formation. We investigated PC-3 prostate cancer cells for 30 min, 2, 4 and 24 h on the random positioning machine (RPM), a device simulating µg on Earth. After a 24 h RPM-exposure, the cells could be divided into two groups: one grew as 3D multicellular spheroids (MCS), the other one as adherent monolayer (AD). No signs of apoptosis were visible. Among others, we focused on cytokines involved in the events of metastasis and MCS formation. After 24 h of exposure, in the MCS group we measured an increase in ACTB, MSN, COL1A1, LAMA3, FN1, TIMP1, FLT1, EGFR1, IL1A, IL6, CXCL8, and HIF1A mRNA expression, and in the AD group an elevation of LAMA3, COL1A1, FN1, MMP9, VEGFA, IL6, and CXCL8 mRNAs compared to samples subjected to 1 g conditions. Significant downregulations in AD cells were detected in the mRNA levels of TUBB, KRT8, IL1B, IL7, PIK3CB, AKT1 and MTOR after 24 h. The release of collagen-1α1 and fibronectin protein in the supernatant was decreased, whereas the secretion of IL-6 was elevated in 24 h RPM samples. The secretion of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-7, IL-2, IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α, laminin, MMP-2, TIMP-1, osteopontin and EGF was not significantly altered after 24 h compared to 1 g conditions. The release of soluble factors was significantly reduced after 2 h (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-7, IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α, collagen-1α1, MMP-2, osteopontin) and elevated after 4 h (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, TNF-α, laminin) in RPM samples. Taken together, simulated µg induced 3D growth of PC-3 cancer cells combined with a differential expression of the cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, supporting their involvement in growth and progression of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Dietrichs
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Daniela Grimm,
| | | | - Daniela Melnik
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Randy Vermeesen
- Radiobiology Unit, SCK CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Mol, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Radiobiology Unit, SCK CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, SCK CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Mol, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Stefan Kahlert
- Institute of Anatomy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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10
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Cortés-Sánchez JL, Callant J, Krüger M, Sahana J, Kraus A, Baselet B, Infanger M, Baatout S, Grimm D. Cancer Studies under Space Conditions: Finding Answers Abroad. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010025. [PMID: 35052703 PMCID: PMC8773191 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review article, we discuss the current state of knowledge in cancer research under real and simulated microgravity conditions and point out further research directions in this field. Outer space is an extremely hostile environment for human life, with radiation, microgravity, and vacuum posing significant hazards. Although the risk for cancer in astronauts is not clear, microgravity plays a thought-provoking role in the carcinogenesis of normal and cancer cells, causing such effects as multicellular spheroid formation, cytoskeleton rearrangement, alteration of gene expression and protein synthesis, and apoptosis. Furthermore, deleterious effects of radiation on cells seem to be accentuated under microgravity. Ground-based facilities have been used to study microgravity effects in addition to laborious experiments during parabolic flights or on space stations. Some potential 'gravisensors' have already been detected, and further identification of these mechanisms of mechanosensitivity could open up ways for therapeutic influence on cancer growth and apoptosis. These novel findings may help to find new effective cancer treatments and to provide health protection for humans on future long-term spaceflights and exploration of outer space.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Cortés-Sánchez
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.L.C.-S.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Jonas Callant
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (J.C.); (B.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.L.C.-S.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Armin Kraus
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.L.C.-S.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (J.C.); (B.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.L.C.-S.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (J.C.); (B.B.); (S.B.)
- Department Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.L.C.-S.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (M.I.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-21379702
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11
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Ravichandran B, Grimm D, Krüger M, Kopp S, Infanger M, Wehland M. SARS-CoV-2 and hypertension. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14800. [PMID: 34121359 PMCID: PMC8198473 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to give an overview of the pathophysiological effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in relation to hypertension (HT), with a focus on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and the MAS receptor. HT is a multifactorial disease and a public health burden, as it is a risk factor for diseases like stroke, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, leading to 10.4 million deaths yearly. Blood pressure is regulated by the RAAS. The system consists of two counter-regulatory axes: ACE/ANG-II/AT1 R and ACE2/ANG-(1-7)/MAS. The main regulatory protein in balancing the RAAS is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The protein also functions as the main mediator of endocytosis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into the host cell. SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of COVID-19 and has caused a worldwide pandemic; however, the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19 are limited. Several drugs and vaccines are currently being tested in clinical trials with a few already approved by EMA and FDA. HT is a major risk factor regarding the severity and fatality of COVID-19, and the RAAS plays an important role in COVID-19 infection since SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a dysregulation of the system by reducing the ACE2 expression. The exact mechanisms of HT in relation to COVID-19 remain uncertain, and more research is needed for further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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12
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Sahana J, Corydon TJ, Wehland M, Krüger M, Kopp S, Melnik D, Kahlert S, Relja B, Infanger M, Grimm D. Alterations of Growth and Focal Adhesion Molecules in Human Breast Cancer Cells Exposed to the Random Positioning Machine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672098. [PMID: 34277614 PMCID: PMC8278480 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated changes in focal adhesions (FAs) in two types of breast cancer cell (BCC) lines (differentiated MCF-7 and the triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cell line) exposed to simulated microgravity (s-μg) created by a random positioning machine (RPM) for 24 h. After exposure, the BCC changed their growth behavior and exhibited two phenotypes in RPM samples: one portion of the cells grew as a normal two-dimensional monolayer [adherent (AD) BCC], while the other portion formed three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids (MCS). After 1 h and 30 min (MDA-MB-231) and 1 h 40 min (MCF-7), the MCS adhered completely to the slide flask bottom. After 2 h, MDA-MB-231 MCS cells started to migrate, and after 6 h, a large number of the cells had left the MCS and continued to grow in a scattered pattern, whereas MCF-7 cells were growing as a confluent monolayer after 6 h and 24 h. We investigated the genes associated with the cytoskeleton, the extracellular matrix and FAs. ACTB, TUBB, FN1, FAK1, and PXN gene expression patterns were not significantly changed in MDA-MB-231 cells, but we observed a down-regulation of LAMA3, ITGB1 mRNAs in AD cells and of ITGB1, TLN1 and VCL mRNAs in MDA-MB-231 MCS. RPM-exposed MCF-7 cells revealed a down-regulation in the gene expression of FAK1, PXN, TLN1, VCL and CDH1 in AD cells and PXN, TLN and CDH1 in MCS. An interaction analysis of the examined genes involved in 3D growth and adhesion indicated a central role of fibronectin, vinculin, and E-cadherin. Live cell imaging of eGFP-vinculin in MCF-7 cells confirmed these findings. β-catenin-transfected MCF-7 cells revealed a nuclear expression in 1g and RPM-AD cells. The target genes BCL9, MYC and JUN of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were differentially expressed in RPM-exposed MCF-7 cells. These findings suggest that vinculin and β-catenin are key mediators of BCC to form MCS during 24 h of RPM-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kahlert
- Institute of Anatomy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Experimental Radiology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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13
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Riwaldt S, Corydon TJ, Pantalone D, Sahana J, Wise P, Wehland M, Krüger M, Melnik D, Kopp S, Infanger M, Grimm D. Role of Apoptosis in Wound Healing and Apoptosis Alterations in Microgravity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:679650. [PMID: 34222218 PMCID: PMC8248797 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.679650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Functioning as the outermost self-renewing protective layer of the human organism, skin protects against a multitude of harmful biological and physical stimuli. Consisting of ectodermal, mesenchymal, and neural crest-derived cell lineages, tissue homeostasis, and signal transduction are finely tuned through the interplay of various pathways. A health problem of astronauts in space is skin deterioration. Until today, wound healing has not been considered as a severe health concern for crew members. This can change with deep space exploration missions and commercial spaceflights together with space tourism. Albeit the molecular process of wound healing is not fully elucidated yet, there have been established significant conceptual gains and new scientific methods. Apoptosis, e.g., programmed cell death, enables orchestrated development and cell removal in wounded or infected tissue. Experimental designs utilizing microgravity allow new insights into the role of apoptosis in wound healing. Furthermore, impaired wound healing in unloading conditions would depict a significant challenge in human-crewed exploration space missions. In this review, we provide an overview of alterations in the behavior of cutaneous cell lineages under microgravity in regard to the impact of apoptosis in wound healing. We discuss the current knowledge about wound healing in space and simulated microgravity with respect to apoptosis and available therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Riwaldt
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Desiré Pantalone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Petra Wise
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Baran R, Grimm D, Infanger M, Wehland M. The Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Related Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052300. [PMID: 33669062 PMCID: PMC7956605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disease, with approximately 3-7% of men and 2-5% of women worldwide suffering from symptomatic OSA. If OSA is left untreated, hypoxia, microarousals and increased chemoreceptor stimulation can lead to complications like hypertension (HT). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most common treatment for OSA, and it works by generating airway patency, which will counteract the apnea or hypopnea. More than one billion people in the world suffer from HT, and the usual treatment is pharmacological with antihypertensive medication (AHM). The focus of this review will be to investigate whether the CPAP therapy for OSA affects HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronni Baran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Department for Microgravity Research and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.W.)
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department for Microgravity Research and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department for Microgravity Research and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.W.)
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15
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Wise PM, Neviani P, Riwaldt S, Corydon TJ, Wehland M, Braun M, Krüger M, Infanger M, Grimm D. Changes in Exosome Release in Thyroid Cancer Cells after Prolonged Exposure to Real Microgravity in Space. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042132. [PMID: 33669943 PMCID: PMC7924847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Space travel has always been the man’s ultimate destination. With the ability of spaceflight though, came the realization that exposure to microgravity has lasting effects on the human body. To counteract these, many studies were and are undertaken, on multiple levels. Changes in cell growth, gene, and protein expression have been described in different models on Earth and in space. Extracellular vesicles, and in particular exosomes, are important cell-cell communicators, being secreted from almost all the cells and therefore, are a perfect target to further investigate the underlying reasons of the organism’s adaptations to microgravity. Here, we studied supernatants harvested from the CellBox-1 experiment, which featured human thyroid cancer cells flown to the International Space Station during the SpaceX CRS-3 cargo mission. The initial results show differences in the number of secreted exosomes, as well as in the distribution of subpopulations in regards to their surface protein expression. Notably, alteration of their population regarding the tetraspanin surface expression was observed. This is a promising step into a new area of microgravity research and will potentially lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and pathways of cellular cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra M. Wise
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (P.M.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Paolo Neviani
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (P.M.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Stefan Riwaldt
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.R.); (M.W.); (M.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Thomas Juhl Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.R.); (M.W.); (M.K.); (M.I.)
- Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Braun
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Raumfahrtmanagement Bonn-Oberkassel, 53227 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.R.); (M.W.); (M.K.); (M.I.)
- Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.R.); (M.W.); (M.K.); (M.I.)
- Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.R.); (M.W.); (M.K.); (M.I.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
- Research Group "Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen" (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-21379702
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16
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Prasad B, Grimm D, Strauch SM, Erzinger GS, Corydon TJ, Lebert M, Magnusson NE, Infanger M, Richter P, Krüger M. Influence of Microgravity on Apoptosis in Cells, Tissues, and Other Systems In Vivo and In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9373. [PMID: 33317046 PMCID: PMC7764784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
All life forms have evolved under the constant force of gravity on Earth and developed ways to counterbalance acceleration load. In space, shear forces, buoyance-driven convection, and hydrostatic pressure are nullified or strongly reduced. When subjected to microgravity in space, the equilibrium between cell architecture and the external force is disturbed, resulting in changes at the cellular and sub-cellular levels (e.g., cytoskeleton, signal transduction, membrane permeability, etc.). Cosmic radiation also poses great health risks to astronauts because it has high linear energy transfer values that evoke complex DNA and other cellular damage. Space environmental conditions have been shown to influence apoptosis in various cell types. Apoptosis has important functions in morphogenesis, organ development, and wound healing. This review provides an overview of microgravity research platforms and apoptosis. The sections summarize the current knowledge of the impact of microgravity and cosmic radiation on cells with respect to apoptosis. Apoptosis-related microgravity experiments conducted with different mammalian model systems are presented. Recent findings in cells of the immune system, cardiovascular system, brain, eyes, cartilage, bone, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas, as well as cancer cells investigated under real and simulated microgravity conditions, are discussed. This comprehensive review indicates the potential of the space environment in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Prasad
- Gravitational Biology Group, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (B.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (D.G.); (T.J.C.)
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.I.); (M.K.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian M. Strauch
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC 89219-710, Brazil; (S.M.S.); (G.S.E.)
| | - Gilmar Sidnei Erzinger
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC 89219-710, Brazil; (S.M.S.); (G.S.E.)
| | - Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (D.G.); (T.J.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Michael Lebert
- Gravitational Biology Group, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (B.P.); (M.L.)
- Space Biology Unlimited SAS, 24 Cours de l’Intendance, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nils E. Magnusson
- Diabetes and Hormone Diseases, Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.I.); (M.K.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Richter
- Gravitational Biology Group, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (B.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.I.); (M.K.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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17
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Nassef MZ, Melnik D, Kopp S, Sahana J, Infanger M, Lützenberg R, Relja B, Wehland M, Grimm D, Krüger M. Breast Cancer Cells in Microgravity: New Aspects for Cancer Research. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197345. [PMID: 33027908 PMCID: PMC7582256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in females. The incidence has risen dramatically during recent decades. Dismissed as an "unsolved problem of the last century", breast cancer still represents a health burden with no effective solution identified so far. Microgravity (µg) research might be an unusual method to combat the disease, but cancer biologists decided to harness the power of µg as an exceptional method to increase efficacy and precision of future breast cancer therapies. Numerous studies have indicated that µg has a great impact on cancer cells; by influencing proliferation, survival, and migration, it shifts breast cancer cells toward a less aggressive phenotype. In addition, through the de novo generation of tumor spheroids, µg research provides a reliable in vitro 3D tumor model for preclinical cancer drug development and to study various processes of cancer progression. In summary, µg has become an important tool in understanding and influencing breast cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zakaria Nassef
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Lützenberg
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.I.); (R.L.); (M.W.); (D.G.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6757471
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18
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Moellhoff N, Prantl L, Behr B, Beier JP, Daigeler A, Dragu A, Eisenhardt SU, Fuchs PC, Germann G, Hirsch T, Horch RE, Infanger M, Jakubietz R, Kneser U, Langer S, Lehnhardt M, Machens HG, Mailänder P, Reichert B, Radtke C, Schaefer DJ, Siemers F, Stark GB, Steinau HU, Vogt PM, Giunta RE. [Registry Research Funding of the German Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (DGPRÄC) and Research Funding Report 2019/2020]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2020; 53:110-118. [PMID: 32977347 DOI: 10.1055/a-1267-0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2015/16 the DGPRÄC collects, evaluates and publishes the research activities of academic sections, departments and clinics for plastic surgery at university hospitals in Germany, in order to raise the awareness of plastic surgical research performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The directors of plastic surgical academic institutions were contacted via the DGPRÄC and asked to report any requested/approved and rejected research applications to public, non-public and industrial funding organizations. Data was collected in our previously established online database: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe6F5xmTyw-k7VKJx_2jkPA4LBXsA0sgBGMrC3rx_4bHj6uzQ/viewform?usp=sf_link. In addition, applications were identified via the DFG's public database GEPRIS. RESULTS A total of 41 funding applications to the public funding institutes DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG and EU were identified. 75.6 % (31/41) of the applications had already been approved at the time of data collection, of which 77.4 % (24/31) were DFG, 9.7 % (3/31) were BMWi, 6.5 % (2/31) were EU and 3.2 % (1/31) were BMBF or BMG applications. The average funding amounted to 358 301 Euro. In 50.0 % (12/24) of the cases, the approved DFG proposals were assigned to the subject review board 205-27 Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery. CONCLUSION The continuous publication of plastic surgical research funding reports submitted by the convention of university plastic surgeons of the DGPRÄC portraits the excellent, collaborative research activity in the field of plastic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Moellhoff
- Abteilung für Hand-, Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - L Prantl
- Hochschulzentrum für Plastische und Ästhetische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie der Universität Regensburg
| | - B Behr
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Schwerbrandverletzte, BG-Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil
| | - J P Beier
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Hand- und Verbrennungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen
| | - A Daigeler
- Plastische Chirurgie, Hand-, Rekonstruktive und Verbrennungschirurgie an der Eberhard-Karls Universität/BG Unfallklinik Tübingen
| | - A Dragu
- Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden
| | - S U Eisenhardt
- Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
| | - P C Fuchs
- Klinik für Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie - Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, Klinikum Köln-Merheim
| | - G Germann
- ETHIANUM, Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Präventive Medizin am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - T Hirsch
- Plastische-, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Fachklinik Hornheide, Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster
| | - R E Horch
- Plastisch- und Handchirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU
| | - M Infanger
- Klinik für Plastische, Wiederherstellungs- und Handchirurgie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Magdeburg
| | - R Jakubietz
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie/Sektion Plastische & Ästhetische Chirurgie/Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
| | - U Kneser
- Klinik für Hand-, Plastische & Rekonstruktive Chirurgie/Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, BG-Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen.,Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Ruprechts-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
| | - S Langer
- Abteilung für Plastische-, Ästhetische- und spezielle Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig - AöR
| | - M Lehnhardt
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Schwerbrandverletzte, BG-Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil
| | - H G Machens
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie/Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München
| | - P Mailänder
- Abteilung für Plastische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Zentrum für Schwerbrandverletzte, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
| | - B Reichert
- Klinik für Plastische, Wiederherstellende und Handchirurgie, Zentrum für Schwerbrandverletzte, Klinikum Nürnberg-Süd, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität
| | - C Radtke
- Klinische Abteilung für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik für Chirurgie MedUni Wien
| | - D J Schaefer
- Plastische, Rekonstruktive, Ästhetische und Handchirurgie, Universitätsspital Basel
| | - F Siemers
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie, Brandverletztenzentrum, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Kliniken Bergmannstrost, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - G B Stark
- Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
| | - H U Steinau
- Universitätsklinik für Unfallchirurgie/Orthopädie, Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie Schwerpunkt Sarkomchirurgie, WTZ
| | - P M Vogt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Plastische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - R E Giunta
- Abteilung für Hand-, Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
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19
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Hirsch P, Infanger M, Kraus A. A case of upper lip necrosis after cosmetic injection of hyaluronic acid soft‐tissue filler—Does capillary infarction play a role in the development of vascular compromise, and what are the implications? J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:1316-1320. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hirsch
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Armin Kraus
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
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20
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Enevoldsen FC, Sahana J, Wehland M, Grimm D, Infanger M, Krüger M. Endothelin Receptor Antagonists: Status Quo and Future Perspectives for Targeted Therapy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030824. [PMID: 32197449 PMCID: PMC7141375 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelin axis, recognized for its vasoconstrictive action, plays a central role in the pathology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Treatment with approved endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs), such as bosentan, ambrisentan, or macitentan, slow down PAH progression and relieves symptoms. Several findings have indicated that endothelin is further involved in the pathogenesis of certain other diseases, making ERAs potentially beneficial in the treatment of various conditions. In addition to PAH, this review summarizes the use and perspectives of ERAs in cancer, renal disease, fibrotic disorders, systemic scleroderma, vasospasm, and pain management. Bosentan has proven to be effective in systemic sclerosis PAH and in decreasing the development of vasospasm-related digital ulcers. The selective ERA clazosentan has been shown to be effective in preventing cerebral vasospasm and delaying ischemic neurological deficits and new infarcts. Furthermore, in the SONAR (Study Of Diabetic Nephropathy With Atrasentan) trial, the selective ERA atrasentan reduced the risk of renal events in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. These data suggest atrasentan as a new therapy in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy and possibly other renal diseases. Preclinical studies regarding heart failure, cancer, and fibrotic diseases have demonstrated promising effects, but clinical trials have not yet produced measurable results. Nevertheless, the potential benefits of ERAs may not be fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik C. Enevoldsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (F.C.E.); (J.S.); (D.G.)
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (F.C.E.); (J.S.); (D.G.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (F.C.E.); (J.S.); (D.G.)
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6721267
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21
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Bauer TJ, Gombocz E, Wehland M, Bauer J, Infanger M, Grimm D. Insight in Adhesion Protein Sialylation and Microgravity Dependent Cell Adhesion-An Omics Network Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051749. [PMID: 32143440 PMCID: PMC7084616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adhesion behavior of human tissue cells changes in vitro, when gravity forces affecting these cells are modified. To understand the mechanisms underlying these changes, proteins involved in cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix adhesion, their expression, accumulation, localization, and posttranslational modification (PTM) regarding changes during exposure to microgravity were investigated. As the sialylation of adhesion proteins is influencing cell adhesion on Earth in vitro and in vivo, we analyzed the sialylation of cell adhesion molecules detected by omics studies on cells, which change their adhesion behavior when exposed to microgravity. Using a knowledge graph created from experimental omics data and semantic searches across several reference databases, we studied the sialylation of adhesion proteins glycosylated at their extracellular domains with regards to its sensitivity to microgravity. This way, experimental omics data networked with the current knowledge about the binding of sialic acids to cell adhesion proteins, its regulation, and interactions in between those proteins provided insights into the mechanisms behind our experimental findings, suggesting that balancing the sialylation against the de-sialylation of the terminal ends of the adhesion proteins' glycans influences their binding activity. This sheds light on the transition from two- to three-dimensional growth observed in microgravity, mirroring cell migration and cancer metastasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Bauer
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (T.J.B.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Erich Gombocz
- Melissa Informatics, 2550 Ninth Street, Suite 114, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA;
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (T.J.B.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-85783803
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (T.J.B.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (T.J.B.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (D.G.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Pfälzer Platz, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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22
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Melnik D, Sahana J, Corydon TJ, Kopp S, Nassef MZ, Wehland M, Infanger M, Grimm D, Krüger M. Dexamethasone Inhibits Spheroid Formation of Thyroid Cancer Cells Exposed to Simulated Microgravity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020367. [PMID: 32033410 PMCID: PMC7072698 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Detachment and the formation of spheroids under microgravity conditions can be observed with various types of intrinsically adherent human cells. In particular, for cancer cells this process mimics metastasis and may provide insights into cancer biology and progression that can be used to identify new drug/target combinations for future therapies. By using the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX), we were able to suppress spheroid formation in a culture of follicular thyroid cancer (FTC)-133 cells that were exposed to altered gravity conditions on a random positioning machine. DEX inhibited the growth of three-dimensional cell aggregates in a dose-dependent manner. In the first approach, we analyzed the expression of several factors that are known to be involved in key processes of cancer progression such as autocrine signaling, proliferation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and anoikis. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and expression patterns of important genes in cancer cell growth and survival, which were further suggested to play a role in three-dimensional aggregation, such as NFKB2, VEGFA, CTGF, CAV1, BCL2(L1), or SNAI1, were clearly affected by DEX. Our data suggest the presence of a more complex regulation network of tumor spheroid formation involving additional signal pathways or individual key players that are also influenced by DEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Melnik
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (J.S.); (T.J.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (J.S.); (T.J.C.); (D.G.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Zakaria Nassef
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (J.S.); (T.J.C.); (D.G.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Pfälzer Platz, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6721-267
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23
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Strube F, Infanger M, Dietz C, Romswinkel A, Kraus A. Short-term effects of simulated microgravity on morphology and gene expression in human breast cancer cells. Physiol Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1556/2060.106.2019.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction
Microgravity has been shown to impose various effects on breast cancer cells. We exposed human breast cancer cells to simulated microgravity and studied morphology and alterations in gene expression.
Materials and methods
Human breast cancer cells were exposed to simulated microgravity in a random positioning machine (RPM) for 24 h. Morphology was observed under light microscopy, and gene alteration was studied by qPCR.
Results
After 24 h, formation of three-dimensional structures (spheroids) occurred. BRCA1 expression was significantly increased (1.9×, p < 0.05) in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity compared to the control. Expression of KRAS was significantly decreased (0.6×, p < 0.05) in the adherent cells compared to the control. VCAM1 was significantly upregulated (6.6×, 2.0×, p < 0.05 each) in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity and in the spheroids. VIM expression was significantly downregulated (0.45×, 0.44×, p < 0.05 each) in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity and in the spheroids. There was no significant alteration in the expression of MAPK1, MMP13, PTEN, and TP53.
Conclusions
Simulated microgravity induces spheroid formation in human breast cancer cells within 24 h and alters gene expression toward modified adhesion properties, enhanced cell repair, and phenotype preservation. Further insights into the underlying mechanisms could open up the way toward new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Strube
- 1 Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Infanger
- 1 Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - C Dietz
- 1 Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Romswinkel
- 1 Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Kraus
- 1 Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
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24
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Lindegaard Pedersen M, Krüger M, Grimm D, Infanger M, Wehland M. The prostacyclin analogue treprostinil in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 126:32-42. [PMID: 31403254 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but life-threatening disease that progresses rapidly and is currently without a cure. Pharmacological treatments aim to slow down disease progression and to reduce symptoms by targeting the prostacyclin, the endothelin or the nitric oxide pathway. Drugs targeting the prostacyclin pathway have been shown to be favourable for PAH patients by causing vasodilatative, anti-proliferative as well as anti-inflammatory effects, but tend to be underused, partially due to adverse effects and difficulties associated with their intravenous administration. Treprostinil, a stable prostacyclin analogue, was FDA-approved in 2002 to improve exercise capacity in PAH patients and is available in intravenous, subcutaneous, inhaled and oral form. The four different possible ways of administration, a long half-life and its stability at room temperature give treprostinil an advantage over epoprostenol, iloprost and selexipag, the three other FDA-approved drugs targeting the prostacyclin pathway. In clinical trials, treprostinil improved exercise capacity, quality of life (QOL), functional class and clinical status. While the different forms of treprostinil lead to specific complications, its general adverse effects are dizziness, nausea, pain in the jaw and extremities, diarrhoea, flushing and headache. This MiniReview will assess the benefits and drawbacks of treprostinil in the treatment of PAH by examining its specific mechanism of action and pharmacological properties, such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects and interactions. In addition, we will analyse and discuss results from different clinical trials, comparing treprostinil's four different forms to each other as well as to other drugs targeting the prostacyclin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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25
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Ancker OV, Krüger M, Wehland M, Infanger M, Grimm D. Multikinase Inhibitor Treatment in Thyroid Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010010. [PMID: 31861373 PMCID: PMC6982227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Most thyroid cancer types respond well to conventional treatment consisting of surgery and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Unfortunately, some thyroid cancer types are resistant to surgical and RAI therapy. Multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) can be used in the treatment of advanced refractory thyroid cancers. The objective of this review is to give an update on MKI treatment (lenvatinib, sorafenib, sunitinib, cabozantinib, pazopanib, vandetanib) of thyroid cancer, regarding its efficacy and safety profile. We evaluated 212 articles through a PubMed search. A total of 20 articles met the inclusion and none the exclusion criteria. The studies showed promising progression-free survival rates compared to placebo treatment from earlier studies and similar or better results compared to the SELECT and DECISION trials. Adverse effects (AEs) are substantial in the treatment with MKIs. Almost all patients treated with these novel drugs experienced AEs. It is therefore crucial to focus on the management of AEs for a decent long-term outcome. The AEs are often more severe in patients with high efficacy of MKIs, which could indicate a correlation. Taken together, the novel therapeutic regimen with MKIs has shown favorable results in otherwise treatment-resistant thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Vincent Ancker
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-871-67693
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26
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Romswinkel A, Infanger M, Dietz C, Strube F, Kraus A. The Role of C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4 (CXCR4) in Cell Adherence and Spheroid Formation of Human Ewing's Sarcoma Cells under Simulated Microgravity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236073. [PMID: 31810195 PMCID: PMC6929163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the behavior of Ewing's Sarcoma cells of the line A673 under simulated microgravity (s-µg). These cells express two prominent markers-the oncogene EWS/FLI1 and the chemokine receptor CXCR4, which is used as a target of treatment in several types of cancer. The cells were exposed to s-µg in a random-positioning machine (RPM) for 24 h in the absence and presence of the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100. Then, their morphology and cytoskeleton were examined. The expression of selected mutually interacting genes was measured by qRT-PCR and protein accumulation was determined by western blotting. After 24 h incubation on the RPM, a splitting of the A673 cell population in adherent and spheroid cells was observed. Compared to 1 g control cells, EWS/FLI1 was significantly upregulated in the adherent cells and in the spheroids, while CXCR4 and CD44 expression were significantly enhanced in spheroids only. Transcription of CAV-1 was upregulated and DKK2 and VEGF-A were down-regulated in both, adherent in spheroid cells, respectively. Regarding, protein accumulation EWS/FLI1 was enhanced in adherent cells only, but CD44 decreased in spheroids and adherent cells. Inhibition of CXCR4 did not change spheroid count, or structure. Under s-µg, the tumor marker EWS/FLI1 is intensified, while targeting CXCR4, which influences adhesion proteins, did not affect spheroid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Armin Kraus
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-15599; Fax: +49-391-67-15588
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27
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Strube F, Infanger M, Dietz C, Romswinkel A, Kraus A. Short-term effects of simulated microgravity on morphology and gene expression in human breast cancer cells. Physiol Int 2019; 106:311-322. [PMID: 31896265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microgravity has been shown to impose various effects on breast cancer cells. We exposed human breast cancer cells to simulated microgravity and studied morphology and alterations in gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human breast cancer cells were exposed to simulated microgravity in a random positioning machine (RPM) for 24 h. Morphology was observed under light microscopy, and gene alteration was studied by qPCR. RESULTS After 24 h, formation of three-dimensional structures (spheroids) occurred. BRCA1 expression was significantly increased (1.9×, p < 0.05) in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity compared to the control. Expression of KRAS was significantly decreased (0.6×, p < 0.05) in the adherent cells compared to the control. VCAM1 was significantly upregulated (6.6×, 2.0×, p < 0.05 each) in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity and in the spheroids. VIM expression was significantly downregulated (0.45×, 0.44×, p < 0.05 each) in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity and in the spheroids. There was no significant alteration in the expression of MAPK1, MMP13, PTEN, and TP53. CONCLUSIONS Simulated microgravity induces spheroid formation in human breast cancer cells within 24 h and alters gene expression toward modified adhesion properties, enhanced cell repair, and phenotype preservation. Further insights into the underlying mechanisms could open up the way toward new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Strube
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Infanger
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - C Dietz
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Romswinkel
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Kraus
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
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28
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Lützenberg R, Wehland M, Solano K, Nassef MZ, Buken C, Melnik D, Bauer J, Kopp S, Krüger M, Riwaldt S, Hemmersbach R, Schulz H, Infanger M, Grimm D. Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Vibration on Human Chondrocytes in Vitro. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 53:623-637. [PMID: 31550089 DOI: 10.33594/000000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS In articular cartilage, chondrocytes are the predominant cell type. A long-term stay in space can lead to bone loss and cartilage breakdown. Due to the poor regenerative capacity of cartilage, this may impair the crewmembers' mobility and influence mission activities. Beside microgravity other factors such as cosmic radiation and vibration might be important for cartilage degeneration. Vibration at different frequencies showed various effects on cartilage in vivo, but knowledge about its impact on chondrocytes in vitro is sparse. METHODS Human chondrocytes were exposed to a vibration device, simulating the vibration profile occurring during parabolic flights, for 24 h (VIB) and compared to static controls. Phase-contrast microscopy, immunofluorescence, F-actin and TUNEL staining as well as quantitative real-time PCR were performed to examine effects on morphology, cell viability and shape as well as gene expression. The results were compared to earlier studies using semantic analyses. RESULTS No morphological changes or cytoskeletal alterations were observed in VIB and no apoptotic cells were found. A reorganization and increase in fibronectin were detected in VIB samples by immunofluorescence technique. PXN, VCL, ANXA1, ANXA2, BAX, and BCL2 revealed differential regulations. CONCLUSION Long-term VIB did not damage human chondrocytes in vitro. The reduction of ANXA2, and up-regulation of ANXA1, PXN and VCL mRNAs suggest that long-term vibration might even positively influence cultured chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Lützenberg
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany,
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kendrick Solano
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Z Nassef
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Buken
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max‒Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Riwaldt
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ruth Hemmersbach
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Gravitational Biology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto‒von‒Guericke‒University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany,
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Nassef MZ, Kopp S, Melnik D, Corydon TJ, Sahana J, Krüger M, Wehland M, Bauer TJ, Liemersdorf C, Hemmersbach R, Infanger M, Grimm D. Short-Term Microgravity Influences Cell Adhesion in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5730. [PMID: 31731625 PMCID: PMC6887954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With the commercialization of spaceflight and the exploration of space, it is important to understand the changes occurring in human cells exposed to real microgravity (r-µg) conditions. We examined the influence of r-µg, simulated microgravity (s-µg, incubator random positioning machine (iRPM)), hypergravity (hyper-g), and vibration (VIB) on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells (MDA-MB-231 cell line) with the aim to study early changes in the gene expression of factors associated with cell adhesion, apoptosis, nuclear factor "kappa-light-chain-enhancer" of activated B-cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. We had the opportunity to attend a parabolic flight (PF) mission and to study changes in RNA transcription in the MDA-MB cells exposed to PF maneuvers (29th Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) PF campaign). PF maneuvers induced an early up-regulation of ICAM1, CD44 and ERK1 mRNAs after the first parabola (P1) and a delayed upregulation of NFKB1, NFKBIA, NFKBIB, and FAK1 after the last parabola (P31). ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD44 protein levels were elevated, whereas the NF-κB subunit p-65 and annexin-A2 protein levels were reduced after the 31st parabola (P31). The PRKCA, RAF1, BAX mRNA were not changed and cleaved caspase-3 was not detectable in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to PF maneuvers. Hyper-g-exposure of the cells elevated the expression of CD44 and NFKBIA mRNAs, iRPM-exposure downregulated ANXA2 and BAX, whereas VIB did not affect the TNBC cells. The early changes in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and the rapid decrease in the NF-κB subunit p-65 might be considered as fast-reacting, gravity-regulated and cell-protective mechanisms of TNBC cells exposed to altered gravity conditions. This data suggest a key role for the detected gravity-signaling elements in three-dimensional growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zakaria Nassef
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (T.J.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (T.J.C.)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Thomas J. Bauer
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Christian Liemersdorf
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Department of Gravitational Biology, German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany; (C.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Ruth Hemmersbach
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Department of Gravitational Biology, German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany; (C.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.Z.N.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (M.W.); (T.J.B.); (M.I.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (T.J.C.)
- Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Bauer TJ, Gombocz E, Krüger M, Sahana J, Corydon TJ, Bauer J, Infanger M, Grimm D. Augmenting cancer cell proteomics with cellular images - A semantic approach to understand focal adhesion. J Biomed Inform 2019; 100:103320. [PMID: 31669288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
If monolayers of cancer cells are exposed to microgravity, some of the cells cease adhering to the bottom of a culture flask and join three-dimensional aggregates floating in the culture medium. Searching reasons for this change in phenotype, we performed proteome analyses and learnt that accumulation and posttranslational modification of proteins involved in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion are affected. To further investigate these proteins, we developed a methodology to find histological images about focal adhesion complex (FA) proteins. Selecting proteins expressed by human FTC-133 and MCF-7 cancer cells and known to be incorporated in FA, we transformed the experimental data to RDF to establish a core semantic knowledgebase. Applying iterative SPARQL queries to Linked Open Databases, we augmented these data with additional functional, transformation- and aggregation-related relationships. Using reasoning, we retrieved publications with images about the spatial arrangement of proteins incorporated in FA. Contextualizing those images enabled us to gain insights about FA of cells changing their site of growth, and to independently validate our experimental results. This new way to link experimental proteome data to biomedical knowledge from various sources via searching images may generally be applied in science when images are a tool of knowledge dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Bauer
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Erich Gombocz
- Melissa Informatics, 2550 Ninth Street, Suite 114, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoeg-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoeg-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoeg-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University-Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Budolfsen C, Faber J, Grimm D, Krüger M, Bauer J, Wehland M, Infanger M, Magnusson NE. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Hypertension: Role of Hypertension as a Biomarker in Cancer Treatment. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2019; 17:618-634. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190130165810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
:Cancer treatment is an area of continuous improvement. Therapy is becoming more targeted and the use of anti-angiogenic agents in multiple cancers, specifically tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has demonstrated prolonged survival outcomes compared with previous drugs. Therefore, they have become a well-established part of the treatment.:Despite good results, there is a broad range of moderate to severe adverse effects associated with treatment. Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most frequent adverse effects and has been associated with favourable outcomes (in terms of cancer treatment) of TKI treatment.:High blood pressure is considered a class effect of TKI treatment, although the mechanisms have not been fully described. Three current hypotheses of TKI-associated HTN are highlighted in this narrative review. These include nitric oxide decrease, a change in endothelin-1 levels and capillary rarefaction.:Several studies have investigated HTN as a potential biomarker of TKI efficacy. HTN is easy to measure and adding this factor to prognostic models has been shown to improve specificity. HTN may become a potential biomarker in clinical practice involving treating advanced cancers. However, data are currently limited by the number of studies and knowledge of the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Budolfsen
- Department of Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Alle 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Julie Faber
- Department of Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Alle 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Alle 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nils Erik Magnusson
- Diabetes and Hormone Diseases, Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Bæk Møller N, Budolfsen C, Grimm D, Krüger M, Infanger M, Wehland M, E. Magnusson N. Drug-Induced Hypertension Caused by Multikinase Inhibitors (Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Lenvatinib and Axitinib) in Renal Cell Carcinoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194712. [PMID: 31547602 PMCID: PMC6801695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews current treatments for renal cell carcinoma/cancer (RCC) with the multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) sorafenib, sunitinib, lenvatinib and axitinib. Furthermore, it compares these drugs regarding progression-free survival, overall survival and adverse effects (AE), with a focus on hypertension. Sorafenib and sunitinib, which are included in international clinical guidelines as first- and second-line therapy in metastatic RCC, are now being challenged by new-generation drugs like lenvatinib and axitinib. These drugs have shown significant clinical benefits for patients with RCC, but all four induce a variety of AEs. Hypertension is one of the most common AEs related to MKI treatment. Comparing sorafenib, sunitinib and lenvatinib revealed that sorafenib and sunitinib had the same efficacy, but sorafenib was safer to use. Lenvatinib showed better efficacy than sorafenib but worse safety. No trials have yet been completed that compare lenvatinib with sunitinib. Although axitinib promotes slightly higher hypertension rates compared to sunitinib, the overall discontinuation rate and cardiovascular complications are favourable. Although the mean rate of patients who develop hypertension is similar for each drug, some trials have shown large differences, which could indicate that lifestyle and/or genetic factors play an additional role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Bæk Møller
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (N.B.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Cecilie Budolfsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (N.B.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (N.B.M.); (C.B.)
- Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.I.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-8716-7693
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.I.); (M.W.)
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.I.); (M.W.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.K.); (M.I.); (M.W.)
| | - Nils E. Magnusson
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
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Strube F, Infanger M, Wehland M, Delvinioti X, Romswinkel A, Dietz C, Kraus A. Alteration of Cytoskeleton Morphology and Gene Expression in Human Breast Cancer Cells under Simulated Microgravity. Cell J 2019; 22:106-114. [PMID: 31606974 PMCID: PMC6791064 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Weightlessness simulation due to the simulated microgravity has been shown to considerably affect behavior of tumor cells. It is aim of this study to evaluate characteristics of human breast cancer cells in this scaffoldfree 3D culture model. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, the cells were exposed to simulated microgravity in a randompositioning machine (RPM) for five days. Morphology was observed under phase-contrast and confocal microscopy. Cytofilament staining was performed and changes in expression level of cytofilament genes, proliferation/differentiation genes, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), followed by western blot confirmation. Results After five days, distinct spheroid formation was observed. Rearrangement of the cytoskeleton into spherical shape was visible. VIM gene expression was significantly up-regulated for adherent cells and spheroids (3.3x and 3.6x respectively, P<0.05 each). RHOA also showed significant gene up-regulation for adherent cells and spheroids (3.2x and 3.9x respectively, P<0.05 each). BRCA showed significant gene up-regulation in adherent cells and spheroids (2.1x and 4.1x respectively, P<0.05 each). ERBB2 showed significant gene up-regulation (2.4x, P<0.05) in the spheroids, but not in the adherent cells. RAB27A showed no significant alteration in gene expression. MAPK) showed significant gene up-regulation in adherent cells and spheroids (3.2x, 3.0x, P<0.05 each). VEGF gene expression was down-regulated under simulated microgravity, without significance. Alterations of gene expressions could be confirmed on protein level for vimentin and MAPK1. Protein production was not increased for BRCA1, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and VEGF. Contradictory changes were determined for RHOA and its related protein. Conclusion Microgravity provides an easy-to handle, scaffold-free 3D-culture model for human breast cancer cells. There were considerable changes in morphology, cytoskeleton shape and gene expressions. Identification of the underlying mechanisms could provide new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Strube
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xenia Delvinioti
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Romswinkel
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carlo Dietz
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Armin Kraus
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.Electronic Address:
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Dietz C, Infanger M, Romswinkel A, Strube F, Kraus A. Apoptosis Induction and Alteration of Cell Adherence in Human Lung Cancer Cells under Simulated Microgravity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3601. [PMID: 31340547 PMCID: PMC6678991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer cells are known to change proliferation and migration under simulated microgravity. In this study, we sought to evaluate cell adherence, apoptosis, cytoskeleton arrangement, and gene expression under simulated microgravity. METHODS Human lung cancer cells were exposed to simulated microgravity in a random-positioning machine (RPM). Cell morphology and adherence were observed under phase-contrast microscopy, cytoskeleton staining was performed, apoptosis rate was determined, and changes in gene and protein expression were detected by real-time PCR with western blot confirmation. RESULTS Three-dimensional (3D)-spheroid formation was observed under simulated microgravity. Cell viability was not impaired. Actin filaments showed a shift in alignment from longitudinal to spherical. Apoptosis rate was significantly increased in the spheroids compared to the control. TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, and RB1 gene expression was significantly upregulated in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity with an increase in corresponding protein production for p14 and RB1. SOX2 expression was significantly upregulated in the adherent cells, but protein was not. Gene expressions of AKT3, PIK3CA, and NFE2L2 remained unaltered. CONCLUSION Simulated microgravity induces alteration in cell adherence, increases apoptosis rate, and leads to upregulation of tumor suppressor genes in human lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Dietz
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Romswinkel
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian Strube
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Armin Kraus
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Toxvig AK, Wehland M, Grimm D, Infanger M, Krüger M. A focus on riociguat in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 125:202-214. [PMID: 31206240 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) targets three signalling pathways: the nitric oxide (NO) pathway, the endothelin pathway and the prostacyclin pathway. Riociguat is a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, acting via the NO pathway in a new way: unlike other common drugs targeting this pathway (eg tadalafil and sildenafil), riociguat acts independently of endogenous NO. This MiniReview focuses on PAH treatment with riociguat and on its advantages and disadvantages compared with other drugs targeting the NO pathway. In the PATENT-1 trial (NCT00810693), riociguat improved significantly the 6-minute walking distance in patients suffering from PAH, with a mean difference (MD) of 36 m compared with a placebo group. The results are comparable to those found for its competitors tadalafil (MD of 33 m) and sildenafil (MD of 50 m) in the PHIRST-1 trial (NCT00125918) and the SUPER-1 trial (NCT00644605). No obvious advantages were found regarding pharmacokinetic features and adverse events. In the RESPITE study (NCT02007629), patients with PAH with insufficient response to treatment with tadalafil or sildenafil were switched to riociguat. These results indicate that riociguat might be superior regarding efficacy to PDE-5 inhibitors in a patient group, where endogenous NO production might be insufficient. This finding was further examined in the REPLACE study (NCT02891850). Moreover, riociguat has shown promising anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects in animal models. Further investigations are needed to determine whether this applies also to human beings. Taken together, riociguat induces vasodilation of the pulmonary arteries and leads to an improvement in the ability to carry out physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Olawi N, Krüger M, Grimm D, Infanger M, Wehland M. Nebivolol in the treatment of arterial hypertension. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 125:189-201. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Olawi
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic surgery was first introduced as a sub-specialty of general surgery in Germany in 1978. Since then, this surgical subspecialty/discipline has evolved enormous potential, e.g. in collaboration with other disciplines such as general andabdominal surgery. AIM To highlight and summarize the basic potential, technical options and novel aspects of plastic surgery, which are relevant for the common interdisciplinary surgical strategies of plastic and general as well as abdominal surgery in clinical practice. METHOD Short and compact narrative review based on 1) a selection of relevant references from the medical scientific literature and 2) surgical experiences obtained in daily practice. R esults (selected corner points): 1) Biological protection procedures in vascular surgery by flap coverage after meticulous debridement with or without autogenic vascular reconstruction are used to overcome infection of a vascular prosthesis, a serious problem, associated with the risk of anastomotic rupture and bleeding by transfer of immunological competence due to tissue coverage and finally to induce healing in the area of an infected vascular prosthesis. 2) Fistula treatment for aorto-tracheal or aorto-duodenal fistulas, a big challenge for the referring general surgeon, can be treated by flap coverage, i.e. interposition of the pectoralis-major flap and the omentum-majus flap, respectively. 3) With regard to nerve surgery, encouraging results have been reported after early microsurgical recurrent laryngeal nerve repair, i.e. improved subjective voice quality or reconstitution of respiratory capacity in diaphragmatic. 4) Lymphatic surgery for lymphedema occurring either primarily due to an absence or lack of lymphatic vessels or secondarily due to infection, trauma, radiation therapy or surgery can be indicated in specialized microsurgical centers, e.g. for surgical repair of the lymphatic pathway: I) the interrupted lymphatic system can be reconstructed by an interposition, or II) the lymphatic fluid can be drained extraanatomically (e.g. by a lymphatic-venous anastomosis). Further techniques are the following: free lymph node transplantation included in a free vascularized groin flap or autologous lymphatic vessel transfer or vein graft interposition (used for lymphatic vessel interposition). 5) Mass reduction such as dermolipectomy with subsequent split-thickness is a valuable option, which provides excellent volume reduction. 6) Defect coverage: A. Split- or full-thickness skin grafts are a common method of defect coverage (in cases of clean and well-vascularized wound bed and lacking donor skin, or if the graft bed is of questionable quality) using various allogenic or xenogenic skin substitute materials. B. Further methods offer a wide-range armamentarium of local and free fasciocutaneous and musculocutaneous flaps, e.g. after abdomino-perineal rectum extirpation using the vertical rectus-abdominis myocutaneous flap (VRAM) or propeller flaps according to the "angiosome". 7) Abdominal wall hernia closure with instable skin coverage, flap closure, either alone or in combination with mesh is superior to mesh closure only. 8) Free flaps: If there is no option for a local or pedicled flap available, free flaps can be well used for abdominal wall defect closure (complication rate in experienced hands is low). CONCLUSION Plastic surgery is an indispensable partner for specific surgical problems and clinical situations of general and abdominal surgery, which indicates that each general and abdominal surgeon should be well notified on great options and surgical techniques offered by modern plastic surgery to achieve best outcomes and quality of life for patients and should combine the expertise of these two surgical disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Kraus
- Dept. of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital at Magdeburg (Germany)
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Dept. of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital at Magdeburg (Germany)
| | - Frank Meyer
- Dept. of General, Abdominal and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital at Magdeburg, Magdeburg (Germany)
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Krüger M, Melnik D, Kopp S, Buken C, Sahana J, Bauer J, Wehland M, Hemmersbach R, Corydon TJ, Infanger M, Grimm D. Fighting Thyroid Cancer with Microgravity Research. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102553. [PMID: 31137658 PMCID: PMC6566201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgravity in space or simulated by special ground-based devices provides an unusual but unique environment to study and influence tumour cell processes. By investigating thyroid cancer cells in microgravity for nearly 20 years, researchers got insights into tumour biology that had not been possible under normal laboratory conditions: adherently growing cancer cells detach from their surface and form three-dimensional structures. The cells included in these multicellular spheroids (MCS) were not only altered but behave also differently to those grown in flat sheets in normal gravity, more closely mimicking the conditions in the human body. Therefore, MCS became an invaluable model for studying metastasis and developing new cancer treatment strategies via drug targeting. Microgravity intervenes deeply in processes such as apoptosis and in structural changes involving the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix, which influence cell growth. Most interestingly, follicular thyroid cancer cells grown under microgravity conditions were shifted towards a less-malignant phenotype. Results from microgravity research can be used to rethink conventional cancer research and may help to pinpoint the cellular changes that cause cancer. This in turn could lead to novel therapies that will enhance the quality of life for patients or potentially develop new preventive countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Christoph Buken
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Ruth Hemmersbach
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Gravitational Biology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Linder Höhe, 51147 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Krüger M, Pietsch J, Bauer J, Kopp S, Carvalho DTO, Baatout S, Moreels M, Melnik D, Wehland M, Egli M, Jayashree S, Kobberø SD, Corydon TJ, Nebuloni S, Gass S, Evert M, Infanger M, Grimm D. Growth of Endothelial Cells in Space and in Simulated Microgravity - a Comparison on the Secretory Level. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 52:1039-1060. [PMID: 30977987 DOI: 10.33594/000000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Endothelial cells exposed to the Random Positioning Machine (RPM) reveal three different phenotypes. They grow as a two-dimensional monolayer and form three-dimensional (3D) structures such as spheroids and tubular constructs. As part of the ESA-SPHEROIDS project we want to understand how endothelial cells (ECs) react and adapt to long-term microgravity. METHODS During a spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) and a subsequent stay onboard, human ECs (EA.hy926 cell line) were cultured for 12 days in real microgravity inside an automatic flight hardware, specially designed for use in space. ECs were cultivated in the absence or presence of vascular endothelial growth factor, which had demonstrated a cell-protective effect on ECs exposed to an RPM simulating microgravity. After cell fixation in space and return of the samples, we examined cell morphology and analyzed supernatants by Multianalyte Profiling technology. RESULTS The fixed samples comprised 3D multicellular spheroids and tube-like structures in addition to monolayer cells, which are exclusively observed during growth under Earth gravity (1g). Within the 3D aggregates we detected enhanced collagen and laminin. The supernatant analysis unveiled alterations in secretion of several growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix components as compared to cells cultivated at 1g or on the RPM. This confirmed an influence of gravity on interacting key proteins and genes and demonstrated a flight hardware impact on the endothelial secretome. CONCLUSION Since formation of tube-like aggregates was observed only on the RPM and during spaceflight, we conclude that microgravity may be the major cause for ECs' 3D aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Pietsch
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel T O Carvalho
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Mol, Belgium.,Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Mol, Belgium
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Egli
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Space Biology Group, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Hergiswil, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Matthias Evert
- Institute for Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,
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Mann V, Grimm D, Corydon TJ, Krüger M, Wehland M, Riwaldt S, Sahana J, Kopp S, Bauer J, Reseland JE, Infanger M, Mari Lian A, Okoro E, Sundaresan A. Changes in Human Foetal Osteoblasts Exposed to the Random Positioning Machine and Bone Construct Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061357. [PMID: 30889841 PMCID: PMC6471706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cells, when exposed to both real and simulated microgravity (s-µg), form 3D tissue constructs mirroring in vivo architectures (e.g., cartilage, intima constructs, cancer spheroids and others). In this study, we exposed human foetal osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) cells to a Random Positioning Machine (RPM) for 7 days and 14 days, with the purpose of investigating the effects of s-µg on biological processes and to engineer 3D bone constructs. RPM exposure of the hFOB 1.19 cells induces alterations in the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, extra cellular matrix (ECM) and the 3D multicellular spheroid (MCS) formation. In addition, after 7 days, it influences the morphological appearance of these cells, as it forces adherent cells to detach from the surface and assemble into 3D structures. The RPM-exposed hFOB 1.19 cells exhibited a differential gene expression of the following genes: transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1, bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), SRY-Box 9 (SOX9), actin beta (ACTB), beta tubulin (TUBB), vimentin (VIM), laminin subunit alpha 1 (LAMA1), collagen type 1 alpha 1 (COL1A1), phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) and fibronectin 1 (FN1). RPM exposure also induced a significantly altered release of the cytokines and bone biomarkers sclerostin (SOST), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin (OPN), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor 1 alpha (TNF-1α). After the two-week RPM exposure, the spheroids presented a bone-specific morphology. In conclusion, culturing cells in s-µg under gravitational unloading represents a novel technology for tissue-engineering of bone constructs and it can be used for investigating the mechanisms behind spaceflight-related bone loss as well as bone diseases such as osteonecrosis or bone injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Mann
- Osteoimmunology and Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Cleburne, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Riwaldt
- Department for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Planegg, Germany.
| | - Janne E Reseland
- Clinical Oral Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, UiO, University of Oslo, Geitmyrsveien 71 0455 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Aina Mari Lian
- Clinical Oral Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, UiO, University of Oslo, Geitmyrsveien 71 0455 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Elvis Okoro
- Osteoimmunology and Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Cleburne, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
| | - Alamelu Sundaresan
- Osteoimmunology and Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Cleburne, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
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Kraus A, Luetzenberg R, Abuagela N, Hollenberg S, Infanger M. Spheroid formation and modulation of tenocyte-specific gene expression under simulated microgravity. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2019. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.03.2017.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kraus
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - R. Luetzenberg
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - N. Abuagela
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S. Hollenberg
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M. Infanger
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Giunta RE, Möllhoff N, Horch RE, Prantl L, Beier JP, Daigeler A, Dragu A, Eisenhardt SU, Fuchs PC, Germann G, Hirsch T, Infanger M, Jakubietz R, Kneser U, Langer S, Lehnhardt M, Machens HG, Mailänder P, Reichert B, Radtke C, Schaefer DJ, Siemers F, Stark GB, Steinau HU, Vogt PM. [Registry Research Funding of the German Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (DGPRÄC) and Research Funding Report 2017/2018]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2018; 50:414-421. [PMID: 30536256 DOI: 10.1055/a-0770-3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This report serves to publicize the research of academic institutions for Plastic Surgery within our society DGPRÄC in 2017/2018 and sequels the funding report of 2015/2016. Applications to public, non-public, or industrial funding organizations were evaluated. At the same time, this paper analyses the number of approved DFG applications in Plastic, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery in the GEPRIS system. Contrary to these specialties, Plastic Surgery is not classified as an independent speciality in the subject structure of the DFG review board which results in a lack of transparency concerning Plastic Surgery research work. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our previously established online database (https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1OaSnHyKTysawiI1ie7kfUxDf7nJP_RiTUJTsnb7Mq_E/edit) for reporting requested/ approved and rejected research applications to public, non-public and industrial funding organizations was continued and evaluated together with applications found in the DFG's public database GEPRIS. RESULTS Compared to the previous year's report, the number of approved applications from public research organizations (DFG, BMBF, BMWi, EU) was increased from 23 to 27. We identified 19 approved DFG applications from Plastic Surgery, as compared to 9 and 8 applications by Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, respectively. SUMMARY Taken together, this data emphasizes that our research is at least equal to that of other newly established surgical specialties within the framework of the DFG. Accordingly, we hope to provide further arguments for an adaptation of the DFG review boards subject structure to include Plastic Surgery as an independent specialty as it is for Vascular Surgery and Thoracic Surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Giunta
- Abteilung für Handchirurgie, Plastische Chirurgie und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
| | - N Möllhoff
- Abteilung für Handchirurgie, Plastische Chirurgie und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
| | - R E Horch
- Plastisch- und Handchirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU
| | - L Prantl
- Hochschulzentrum für Plastische und Ästhetische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie der Universität Regensburg
| | - J P Beier
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Hand- und Verbrennungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen
| | - A Daigeler
- Plastische Chirurgie, Hand-, Rekonstruktive und Verbrennungschirurgie an der Eberhard-Karls Universität/BG Unfallklinik Tübingen
| | - A Dragu
- Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden
| | - S U Eisenhardt
- Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
| | - P C Fuchs
- Klinik für Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie - Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum -, Klinikum Köln-Merheim
| | - G Germann
- ETHIANUM, Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Präventive Medizin am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - T Hirsch
- Plastische-, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Fachklinik Hornheide, Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster
| | - M Infanger
- Klinik für Plastische, Wiederherstellungs- und Handchirurgie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Magdeburg
| | - R Jakubietz
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie/Sektion Plastische & Ästhetische Chirurgie/Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
| | - U Kneser
- Klinik für Hand-, Plastische & Rekonstruktive Chirurgie/Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, BG-Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen.,Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Ruprechts Karls Universität Heidelberg
| | - S Langer
- Abteilung für Plastische-, Ästhetische- und spezielle Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig - AöR
| | - M Lehnhardt
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Schwerbrandverletzte, BG-Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil
| | - H G Machens
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie/Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München
| | - P Mailänder
- Abteilung für Plastische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Zentrum für Schwerbrandverletzte, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
| | - B Reichert
- Klinik für Plastische, Wiederherstellende und Handchirurgie, Zentrum für Schwerbrandverletzte, Klinikum Nürnberg-Süd, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität
| | - C Radtke
- Klinische Abteilung für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik für Chirurgie
| | - D J Schaefer
- Plastische, Rekonstruktive, Ästhetische und Handchirurgie, Universitätsspital Basel
| | - F Siemers
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie, Brandverletztenzentrum, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Kliniken Bergmannstrost, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - G B Stark
- Klinik für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
| | - H U Steinau
- Universitätsklinik für Unfallchirurgie / Orthopädie, Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie Schwerpunkt Sarkomchirurgie, WTZ
| | - P M Vogt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Plastische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
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Kraus A, Infanger M, Chiapponi C, Piatek S, Zardo P, Udelnow A, Haß HJ, Meyer F. Surgical teaching at the Medical School Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg - basic conceptual description. Pol Przegl Chir 2018; 90:37-42. [PMID: 30015325 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0011.8173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Teaching in surgery, one of the classical big clinical and main disciplines beside internal medicine, needs to be also associated with great attention in regard to a valuable final result at the end of the study of human medicine. In particular, surgery is not only the subject to a large number of lectures it also represents one third (four months) of the compulsory internship (practical year - in German, "Praktisches Jahr") at the end of the study of medicine. Therefore, medical teaching of students should be always part of serious and steady attempts to optimize course und contents as a component of guiding activities focussing onto the substantial improvement of the study of medicine. In detail, the classical and traditionally established type of teaching, the (oral) lecture, has to be further developed and reasonably completed by numerous interactive and practice-oriented teaching, learning and examining modalities (obligatory or facultative seminars / courses, training in [very] small groups of students, bed-side teaching, individual practical exercises within the SkillsLab, groups of young researchers, research projects in teaching, scientific publications on topics and recommendable experiences ot teaching including students, "Teach-the-teacher" projects etc.). Although many novel concepts have been inaugurated and considerable advances have been achieved, there is a steady need for further improvement. In the presented representative but medical school-specific overview, the current complex surgical teaching concept, which has been continuously optimized over the last couple of years, at the Otto-von-Guericke University Medical School with University Hospital of Magdeburg (Germany) is described as a scientific and systematizing document as well as a manuscript associated with the ongoing preparation of an institutional "Teaching Manual" on surgical teaching and training for medical students. It should - last but not least - provide the basis for a public discussion, which vice versa might hopefully and possibly result in further structural reforms of (surgical) teaching in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Kraus
- University Hospital at Magdeburg (Germany) Dept. of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery
| | - Manfred Infanger
- University Hospital at Magdeburg (Germany) Dept. of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery
| | - Costanza Chiapponi
- University Hospital at Cologne (Germany) Dept. of General, Abdominal and Tumor Surgery
| | - Stefan Piatek
- University Hospital at Magdeburg (Germany) Dept. of Trauma Surgery
| | - Patrick Zardo
- University Hospital at Hannover (Germany) Dept. of Heart and Thoracic Surgery Division of Thoracic Surgery
| | - Andrej Udelnow
- University Hospital at Magdeburg (Germany) Dept. of General, Abdominal and Vascular Surgery Division of Vascular Surgery
| | - Hans-Jürgen Haß
- University Hospital at Magdeburg (Germany) Dept. of General, Abdominal and Vascular Surgery Division of Pediatric Surgery
| | - Frank Meyer
- University Hospital at Magdeburg, Magdeburg (Germany) Dept. of General, Abdominal and Vascular Surgery
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Strauch SM, Grimm D, Corydon TJ, Krüger M, Bauer J, Lebert M, Wise P, Infanger M, Richter P. Current knowledge about the impact of microgravity on the proteome. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 16:5-16. [PMID: 30451542 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1550362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Microgravity (µg) is an extreme stressor for plants, animals, and humans and influences biological systems. Humans in space experience various health problems during and after a long-term stay in orbit. Various studies have demonstrated structural alterations and molecular biological changes within the cellular milieu of plants, bacteria, microorganisms, animals, and cells. These data were obtained by proteomics investigations applied in gravitational biology to elucidate changes in the proteome occurring when cells or organisms were exposed to real µg (r-µg) and simulated µg (s-µg). Areas covered: In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the impact of µg on the proteome in plants, animals, and human cells. The literature suggests that µg impacts the proteome and thus various biological processes such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell adhesion, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix proteins, migration, proliferation, stress response, and signal transduction. The changes in cellular function depend on the respective cell type. Expert commentary: This data is important for the topics of gravitational biology, tissue engineering, cancer research, and translational regenerative medicine. Moreover, it may provide new ideas for countermeasures to protect the health of future space travelers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian M Strauch
- a Department of Biology, Cell Biology , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- b Department of Biomedicine , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.,c Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery , Otto-von-Guericke-University , Magdeburg , Germany.,d Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering , Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- b Department of Biomedicine , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.,e Department of Ophthalmology , Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Marcus Krüger
- c Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery , Otto-von-Guericke-University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- f Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Information Retrieval Services , Martinsried , Germany
| | - Michael Lebert
- a Department of Biology, Cell Biology , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Petra Wise
- g Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, AXIS Center , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Manfred Infanger
- c Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery , Otto-von-Guericke-University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Peter Richter
- a Department of Biology, Cell Biology , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
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Pedersen J, Hedegaard ER, Simonsen U, Krüger M, Infanger M, Grimm D. Current and Future Treatments for Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in the Newborn. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:392-406. [PMID: 29855164 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn (PPHN) is a serious and possibly fatal syndrome characterized by sustained foetal elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance at birth. PPHN may manifest secondary to other conditions as meconium aspiration syndrome, infection and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. This MiniReview provides the reader with an overview of current and future treatment options for patients with PPHN without congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The study is based on systematic searches in the databases PubMed and Cochrane Library and registered studies on Clinicaltrials.gov investigating PPHN. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is well documented for treatment of PPHN, but 30% fail to respond to iNO. Other current treatment options could be sildenafil, milrinone, prostaglandin analogues and bosentan. There are several ongoing trials with sildenafil, but evidence is lacking for the other treatments and/or for the combination with iNO. Currently, there is no evidence for effect in PPHN of other treatments, for example tadalafil, macitentan, ambrisentan, riociguat and selexipag used for pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults. Experimental studies in animal models for PPHN suggest effect of a series of approaches including recombinant human superoxide dismutase, L-citrulline, Rho-kinase inhibitors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists. We conclude that iNO is the most investigated and the only approved pulmonary vasodilator for infants with PPHN. In the iNO non-responders, sildenafil currently seems to be the best alternative either alone or in combination with iNO. Systematic and larger clinical studies are required for testing the other potential treatments of PPHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Pedersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elise R Hedegaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulf Simonsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Kopp S, Krüger M, Feldmann S, Oltmann H, Schütte A, Schmitz B, Bauer J, Schulz H, Saar K, Huebner N, Wehland M, Nassef MZ, Melnik D, Meltendorf S, Infanger M, Grimm D. Thyroid cancer cells in space during the TEXUS-53 sounding rocket mission - The THYROID Project. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10355. [PMID: 29985426 PMCID: PMC6037793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28695-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human follicular thyroid cancer cells (FTC-133) were sent to space via a sounding rocket during the TEXUS-53 mission to determine the impact of short-term microgravity on these cells. To enable cell culture and fixation in real microgravity, an automated experiment container (EC) was constructed. In order to ensure safe cell culture, cell-chambers consisting of polycarbonate (PC) material were used. They were highly biocompatible as proved by measuring cell survival using Annexin V flow cytometry. In the follow-up experiment, FTC-133 cells were sent to space via a sounding rocket and were fixed before and after the microgravity (µg) phase with RNAlater. In addition, cells were tested for reactions on hypergravity (hyper-g) as much as 18 g to determine whether worst case acceleration during launch can have an influence on the cells. We investigated genes belonging to biological processes such as cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, tumor growth, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Pathway analyses revealed central functions of VEGFA and EGF. EGF upregulates aspartate beta-hydroxylase (ASPH) which is influencing CASP3. Hyper-g induced a significant up-regulation of TUBB1, VIM, RDX, CAV1, VEGFA and BCL2. FTC-133 cells grown in an automated EC exposed to µg revealed moderate gene expression changes indicating their survival in orbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Feldmann
- Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Airbus-Allee 1, D-28199, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hergen Oltmann
- Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Airbus-Allee 1, D-28199, Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schütte
- Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Airbus-Allee 1, D-28199, Bremen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Schmitz
- Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Airbus-Allee 1, D-28199, Bremen, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, D-50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kathrin Saar
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13092, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Norbert Huebner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13092, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Zakaria Nassef
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Melnik
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Meltendorf
- Experimental Pediatrics and Neonatology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. .,Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Lützenberg R, Solano K, Buken C, Sahana J, Riwaldt S, Kopp S, Krüger M, Schulz H, Saar K, Huebner N, Hemmersbach R, Bauer J, Infanger M, Grimm D, Wehland M. Pathway Analysis Hints Towards Beneficial Effects of Long-Term Vibration on Human Chondrocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 47:1729-1741. [PMID: 29949789 DOI: 10.1159/000491006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Spaceflight negatively influences the function of cartilage tissue in vivo. In vitro human chondrocytes exhibit an altered gene expression of inflammation markers after a two-hour exposure to vibration. Little is known about the impact of long-term vibration on chondrocytes. METHODS Human cartilage cells were exposed for up to 24 h (VIB) on a specialised vibration platform (Vibraplex) simulating the vibration profile which occurs during parabolic flights and compared to static control conditions (CON). Afterwards, they were investigated by phase-contrast microscopy, rhodamine phalloidin staining, microarray analysis, qPCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS Morphological investigations revealed no changes between CON and VIB chondrocytes. F-Actin staining showed no alterations of the cytoskeleton in VIB compared with CON cells. DAPI and TUNEL staining did not identify apoptotic cells. ICAM-1 was elevated and vimentin, beta-tubulin and osteopontin proteins were significantly reduced in VIB compared to CON cells. qPCR of cytoskeletal genes, ITGB1, SOX3, SOX5, SOX9 did not reveal differential regulations. Microarray analysis detected 13 differentially expressed genes, mostly indicating unspecific stimulations. Pathway analyses demonstrated interactions of PSMD4 and CNOT7 with ICAM. CONCLUSIONS Long-term vibration did not damage human chondrocytes in vitro. The reduction of osteopontin protein and the down-regulation of PSMD4 and TBX15 gene expression suggest that in vitro long-term vibration might even positively influence cultured chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Lützenberg
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kendrick Solano
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Buken
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Riwaldt
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kathrin Saar
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ruth Hemmersbach
- DLR, German Aerospace Centre, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Gravitational Biology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University-Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Sahana J, Nassef MZ, Wehland M, Kopp S, Krüger M, Corydon TJ, Infanger M, Bauer J, Grimm D. Decreased E-Cadherin in MCF7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Forming Multicellular Spheroids Exposed to Simulated Microgravity. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800015. [PMID: 29785723 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
MCF7 human breast cancer cells were cultured under normal gravity (1 g) and on a random positioning machine (RPM) preventing sedimentation. After 2 weeks, adherent 1 g-control and adherent RPM cells (AD) as well as multicellular spheroids (MCS) were harvested. AD and MCS had been exposed to the RPM in the same culture flask. In a subsequent proteome analysis, the majority of the proteins detected showed similar label-free quantification (LFQ) scores in each of the respective subpopulations, but in both AD or MCS cultures, proteins were also found whose LFQs deviated at least twofold from their counterparts in the 1 g-control cells. They included the cell junction protein E-cadherin, which was diminished in MCS cells, where proteins of the E-cadherin autodegradation pathway were enhanced and c-Src (proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase c-Src) was detected. Spheroid formation was prevented by inhibition of c-Src but promoted by antibodies blocking E-cadherin activity. An interaction analysis of the detected proteins that are involved in forming and regulating junctions or adhesion complexes and in E-cadherin autodegradation indicated connections between the two protein groups. This suggests that the balance of proteins that up- or downregulate E-cadherin mediates the tendency of MCF7 cells to form MCS during RPM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mohamed Zakaria Nassef
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Bedan M, Grimm D, Wehland M, Simonsen U, Infanger M, Krüger M. A Focus on Macitentan in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:103-113. [PMID: 29719121 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The approval of macitentan has increased the number of pharmacological treatments of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we review the effect on PAH of macitentan compared to other endothelin receptor antagonists. Drugs targeting the endothelin (ET) pathway include the selective ETA receptor antagonist ambrisentan, the ETA /ETB receptor antagonists, bosentan and macitentan, which were recently approved for PAH treatment. Macitentan exhibits higher antagonistic potency than bosentan and ambrisentan in pulmonary smooth muscle cells. Compared to ambrisentan and bosentan, macitentan has a longer duration of action, reflected by the longer half-life, as well as pharmacodynamics attributed to its active metabolite, ACT-132577. The efficacy of macitentan on PAH was investigated in the phase III SERAPHIN trial (NCT00660179). Macitentan significantly reduced morbidity and mortality. It improved the 6-min. walk distance (6MWD) among PAH patients. In the AMB-320/321-E (NCT00578786) study, ambrisentan improved exercise capacity. In the EARLY study (NCT00091715), bosentan showed improvements in 6MWD which were not statistically significant. Bosentan had an effect on PAH in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) in the BREATHE-5 study (NCT00367770), while macitentan did not improve 6MWD in these patients, but there are differences regarding study size and functional class, and that 30% of the patients treated with macitentan were already in treatment with a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor. Macitentan revealed a lower risk of developing peripheral oedema and hepatotoxicity in the SERAPHIN study. In summary, macitentan has an efficiency comparable to bosentan and ambrisentan in the treatment of PAH. Patients treated with macitentan exhibited less adverse effects compared to bosentan and ambrisentan. In patients with PAH associated with ES, the trials with bosentan and macitentan do not seem comparable, and it needs to be clarified whether these drugs are effective when administered as part of a combination treatment in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bedan
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Simonsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Grimm D, Egli M, Krüger M, Riwaldt S, Corydon TJ, Kopp S, Wehland M, Wise P, Infanger M, Mann V, Sundaresan A. Tissue Engineering Under Microgravity Conditions-Use of Stem Cells and Specialized Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:787-804. [PMID: 29596037 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental cell research studying three-dimensional (3D) tissues in space and on Earth using new techniques to simulate microgravity is currently a hot topic in Gravitational Biology and Biomedicine. This review will focus on the current knowledge of the use of stem cells and specialized cells for tissue engineering under simulated microgravity conditions. We will report on recent advancements in the ability to construct 3D aggregates from various cell types using devices originally created to prepare for spaceflights such as the random positioning machine (RPM), the clinostat, or the NASA-developed rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor, to engineer various tissues such as preliminary vessels, eye tissue, bone, cartilage, multicellular cancer spheroids, and others from different cells. In addition, stem cells had been investigated under microgravity for the purpose to engineer adipose tissue, cartilage, or bone. Recent publications have discussed different changes of stem cells when exposed to microgravity and the relevant pathways involved in these biological processes. Tissue engineering in microgravity is a new technique to produce organoids, spheroids, or tissues with and without scaffolds. These 3D aggregates can be used for drug testing studies or for coculture models. Multicellular tumor spheroids may be interesting for radiation experiments in the future and to reduce the need for in vivo experiments. Current achievements using cells from patients engineered on the RWV or on the RPM represent an important step in the advancement of techniques that may be applied in translational Regenerative Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Grimm
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus C, Denmark .,2 Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Egli
- 3 Institute of Medical Engineering, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts , Hergiswil, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Krüger
- 2 Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Riwaldt
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus C, Denmark .,4 Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sascha Kopp
- 2 Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- 2 Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Petra Wise
- 5 Hematology/Oncology, University of Southern California , Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Manfred Infanger
- 2 Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vivek Mann
- 6 Department of Biology, Texas Southern University , Houston, Texas
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