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Nishidono Y, Tanaka K. Phytochemicals of Alpinia zerumbet: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:2845. [PMID: 38930910 PMCID: PMC11206972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm is a perennial plant of the Zingiberaceae family widely distributed in the subtropical and tropical areas of South America, Oceania, and Asia. Multiple plant parts of A. zerumbet have been traditionally used as medicinal sources, each with different clinical uses. These variations may arise from differences among the chemical components and/or accumulations of the active compounds in each part. Therefore, this review summarizes previous studies on the phytochemicals in A. zerumbet and reveals the similarities and differences among the chemical constituents of its multiple medicinal parts, including the leaves, rhizomes, fruits, seeds, and flowers. The results contribute to the scientific validation of the traditional understanding that A. zerumbet possesses different medicinal properties in each plant part. In addition, this review provides directions for further studies on the phytochemicals of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Nishidono
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan;
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan;
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Khan MS, Adnan Q, Akhtar N. Profiling of phytochemicals using LC-ESI-MS 2 , in vitro, in vivo characterization and cosmeceutical effects of Alpinia galanga (wild) extract loaded emulgel. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1628-1641. [PMID: 36718832 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential as a depigmenting agent, sun protection, and healthy benefits is indicated by the sun protection factor, radical scavenging, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of Alpinia galanga (wild). AIMS A stable emulgel containing A .galanga (wild) extract is prepared. This emulgel is then characterized by in vitro evaluation and identification of contents by LC-ESI-MS2 . In vivo performance is counted in terms of moisturizing, melanin level, erythema, sebum, skin fine pores and large pores analysis, and other related physiological skin parameters. METHODS DPPH radical scavenging activity, total phenolic and flavonoid counts were used to measure the free radical scavenging and tyrosinase inhibitory capability of A .galanga (wild) extract, respectively. LC-ESI-MS2 used for phytochemical analysis. Emulgels synthesize, and their globule size, Ultracentrifugation, pH, and conductivity were all evaluated. Among the developed formulations, the optimal emulgels formulation underwent 90-day stability tests for organoleptic characteristics and rheology at 8°C, 25°C, 40°C, and 40°C + 75% RH (relative humidity). Using sebumeter®, mexameter®, and corneometer®, changes in skin physiological parameters were assessed over the course of 12 weeks in 13 healthy male, Asian volunteers. VisioFace® is used for computational analysis of high-resolution pictures to determine the % area, fine pore counts, and large pore counts of the skin. RESULTS The antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory potential and counts of total phenolic and flavonoids of A .galanga (wild) extract were impressive (85%, 75%, and 48.0 mg GAE/g and 14.37 mg quercetin/g, respectively). In terms of stability evaluation, globule size (0.7528 ± 0.192 μm). Optimized A .galanga (wild) ethanol aqueous (AGEA) extract loaded emulgel was stable in terms of organoleptic and in vitro evaluation. The AGEA formulation significantly reduced the amount of sebum, erythema, fine pore counts, large pore counts, fine pore % area and large pores area percentage while significantly improved the moisture and elasticity of the skin. CONCLUSION A stable A .galanga (wild) extract loaded emulgel was successfully produced that improved the skin physiological parameters in terms of skin's sebum, erythema, moisturizing, melanin, and pores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qazi Adnan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Tian Y, Jia X, Wang Q, Lu T, Deng G, Tian M, Zhou Y. Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Enzyme Inhibitory, and Anticancer Activities and Chemical Composition of Alpinia galanga Flower Essential Oil. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091069. [PMID: 36145290 PMCID: PMC9505801 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpinia galanga is widely cultivated for its essential oil (EO), which has been used in cosmetics and perfumes. Previous studies of A. galanga focussed mostly on the rhizome but seldom on the flower. Therefore, this study was designed to identify the chemical composition of A. galanga flower EO and firstly estimate its antioxidant, antibacterial, enzyme inhibitory, and anticancer activities. According to the results of the gas chromatography with flame ionization or mass selective detection (GC-FID/MS) analysis, the most abundant component of the EO was farnesene (64.3%), followed by farnesyl acetate (3.6%), aceteugenol (3.2%), eugenol (3.1%), E-nerolidol (2.9%), decyl acetate (2.4%), octyl acetate (2.0%), sesquirosefuran (1.9%), (E)-β-farnesene (1.7%), and germacrene D (1.5%). For the bioactivities, the EO exhibited moderate DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging effects with IC50 values of 138.62 ± 3.07 μg/mL and 40.48 ± 0.49 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the EO showed strong-to-moderate antibacterial activities with various diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) (8.79−14.32 mm), minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) (3.13−6.25 mg/mL), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) (6.25−12.50 mg/mL) values against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris. Interestingly, the EO possessed remarkable α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.16 ± 0.03 mg/mL), which was equivalent to that of the positive control acarbose (IC50 = 0.15 ± 0.01 mg/mL) (p > 0.05). It showed moderate tyrosinase inhibition (IC50 = 0.62 ± 0.09 mg/mL) and weak inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (IC50 = 2.49 ± 0.24 mg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (IC50 = 10.14 ± 0.59 mg/mL). Furthermore, the EO exhibited considerable selective cytotoxicity to K562 cells (IC50 = 41.55 ± 2.28 μg/mL) and lower cytotoxicity to non-cancerous L929 cells (IC50 = 120.54 ± 8.37 μg/mL), and it induced K562 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, A. galanga flower EO could be regarded as a bioactive natural product with great application potential in the pharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingya Lu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guodong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Minyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Y.Z.)
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Paulino ET, Barros Ferreira AK, da Silva JCG, Ferreira Costa CD, Smaniotto S, de Araújo-Júnior JX, Silva Júnior EF, Bortoluzzi JH, Nogueira Ribeiro ÊA. Cardioprotective effects induced by hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Alpinia zerumbet on myocardial infarction in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 242:112037. [PMID: 31247239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE The leaves of Alpinia zerumbet is used in folk medicine in Brazil to treat hypertension. However, the cardioprotective effect of this plant has not been studied yet. AIM OF THIS STUDY To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Alpinia zerumbet (AZE) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were pretreated orally with AZE (300 mg/kg) for 30 days prior to ISO-induced myocardial infarction. The rats were sacrificed and hearts were collected and homogenized for biochemical analysis. At the end of the experiment, cardiac marker enzyme levels, histological and morphometric parameters, and hemodynamic measurements were assessed. Phytochemical compounds were verified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS Rats administered with ISO showed a significant increase in cardiac marker enzymes, i.e., in creatine kinase-NAC (CK-NAC) and CK-MB. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining exhibited an increase in infarct areas. In the animals treated with ISO induced a significant increase in heart rate. Pretreatment with AZE significantly inhibited these effects of ISO. Moreover, biochemical findings were supported by histopathological observations. The GC-MS analyses of AZE identified volatile oils, kavalactones, and phytosterols. CONCLUSIONS Haemodynamic, biochemical alteration and histopathological results suggest a cardioprotective protective effect of oral administration of AZE in isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Salete Smaniotto
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biology and Health Science, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - João Xavier de Araújo-Júnior
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maceió, AL, Brazil; Federal University of Alagoas, Chemical and Biotechnology Institute, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Datta R, Kaur A, Saraf I, Singh IP, Kaur S. Effect of crude extracts and purified compounds of Alpinia galanga on nutritional physiology of a polyphagous lepidopteran pest, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:324-329. [PMID: 30390531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Secondary plant metabolites play an important role in providing protection to plants against herbivore insect pests. Keeping in view the increasing importance of biopesticides, the crude extracts from different plants are being investigated for insecticidal activities. Alpinia galanga, a medicinal plant belonging to family Zingiberaceae exhibits a wide range of biological activities. In the present study, crude extracts of A. galanga and its purified compounds i.e. 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate and galangin were evaluated for their effect on various nutritional parameters of Spodoptera litura (Fab.). All the extracts exhibited a significant influence on relative growth and consumption rates as well as efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food. Ethyl acetate extract was found to be the most effective causing significant reduction in values of RGR, RCR, ECI and ECD of S. litura larvae in comparison to control larvae. The highest concentration of the ethyl acetate extract (2500 ppm) resulted in 44.95%, 10.99%, 38.08% and 37.04% decrease respectively in RGR, RCR, ECI and ECD in comparison to control. The purified compounds also showed inhibitory effects on various nutritional parameters. 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate was found to be more effective in comparison to galangin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Datta
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Isha Saraf
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Inder Pal Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
| | - Sanehdeep Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India.
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Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by pathogens and food poisoning caused by spoilage microorganisms are threatening human health all over the world. The efficacies of some antimicrobial agents, which are currently used to extend shelf-life and increase the safety of food products in food industry and to inhibit disease-causing microorganisms in medicine, have been weakened by microbial resistance. Therefore, new antimicrobial agents that could overcome this resistance need to be discovered. Many spices-such as clove, oregano, thyme, cinnamon, and cumin-possessed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against food spoilage bacteria like Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens, pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, harmful fungi like Aspergillus flavus, even antibiotic resistant microorganisms such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, spices have a great potential to be developed as new and safe antimicrobial agents. This review summarizes scientific studies on the antibacterial and antifungal activities of several spices and their derivatives.
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Khattab M, El-Zaiat H, Abd El Taw A, Matloup O, Morsy A, Abdou M, Ebeid H, Attia M, Sallam S. Impact of Lemongrass and Galangal as Feed Additives on
Performance of Lactating Barki Goats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/ijds.2017.184.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chan EWC, Wong SK. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of ornamental gingers, Hedychium coronarium and Alpinia purpurata: a review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 13:368-79. [PMID: 26559362 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(15)60208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the phytochemistry and pharmacology of two ornamental gingers, Hedychium coronarium (butterfly ginger) and Alpinia purpurata (red ginger), are updated, and their botany and uses are described. Flowers of H. coronarium are large, showy, white, yellow or white with a yellow centre and highly fragrant. Inflorescences of A. purpurata are erect spikes with attractive red or pink bracts. Phytochemical investigations on the rhizomes of H. coronarium generated research interest globally. This resulted in the isolation of 53 labdane-type diterpenes, with little work done on the leaves and flowers. Pharmacological properties of H. coronarium included antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, chemopreventive, anti-allergic, larvicidal, anthelminthic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-urolithiatic, anti-angiogenic, neuro-pharmacological, fibrinogenolytic, coagulant and hepatoprotective activities. On the contrary, little is known on the phytochemistry of A. purpurata with pharmacological properties of antioxidant, antibacterial, larvicidal, cytotoxic and vasodilator activities reported in the leaves and rhizomes. There is much disparity in terms of research effort within and between these two ornamental gingers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wei Chiang Chan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siu Kuin Wong
- School of Science, Monash University Sunway, Petaling Jaya 46150, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chen JY, Ye ZM, Huang TY, Chen XD, Li YY, Wu SH. Identification of Volatiles in Leaves of Alpinia zerumbet ‘Variegata’ Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia zerumbet ‘Variegata’ is an aromatic medicinal plant, its foliage producing an intense, unique fragrant odor. This study identified 46 volatile compounds in the leaf tissue of this plant using headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The major compounds included 1, 8-cineole (43.5%), p-cymene (14.7%), humulene (5.5%), camphor (5.3%), linalool (4.7%), ( E)-methyl cinnamate (3.8%), γ-cadinene (3.3%), humulene oxide II (2.1%) and α-terpineol (1.5%). The majority of the volatiles were terpenoids of which oxygenated monoterpenes were the most abundant, accounting for 57.2% of the total volatiles. Alcohols made up the largest (52.8%) and aldehydes the smallest (0.2%) portions of the volatiles. Many bioactive compounds were present in the volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zheng Mei Ye
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tian Yi Huang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiao Dan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yong Yu Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shao Hua Wu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Sukhirun N, Pluempanupat W, Bullangpoti V, Koul O. Bioefficacy of Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae) rhizome extracts, (E)-p-acetoxycinnamyl alcohol, and (E)-p-coumaryl alcohol ethyl ether against Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the impact on detoxification enzyme activities. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2011; 104:1534-1540. [PMID: 22066182 DOI: 10.1603/ec11080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The application of insecticides to control oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a principal component of the current management of these fruit flies. However, we evaluated four extracts of Alpinia galanga Wild Linn (Zingiberaceae) rhizomes against adult flies and found hexane and ethanol extracts to be most effective (LC50 = 4,866 and 6,337 ppm, respectively, after 24 h). This suggested that both nonpolar and polar compounds could be active in the candidate plant. Accordingly, the hexane extract was further processed to isolate nonpolar active compounds from this plant source. Two compounds, (E)-p-acetoxycinnamyl alcohol and (E)-p-coumaryl alcohol ethyl ether, were identified as active ingredients and found to be more active than total hexane extract (LC50 = 3,654 and 4,044 ppm, respectively, after 24 h). The data suggested that the compounds were not synergistic but may have some additive effect in a mixture. The activity of the hexane extract against detoxification enzymes, carboxylesterase (CE) and glutathione transferase (GST) also was determined in vitro. CE was inhibited by 70%, whereas GST was not significantly inhibited. Insect CEs mediate insecticide resistance via their induction; therefore, inhibition of these enzymes by plant allelochemicals could be a useful alternative approach for the management of the pest in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sukhirun
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Phahonyothin Road, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Chan EWC, Ng VP, Tan VV, Low YY. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Alpinia galanga, Curcuma longa, and Etlingera elatior (Zingiberaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5530/pj.2011.22.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Eric Chan W, Lim Y, Wong S. Antioxidant properties of ginger leaves: An overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5530/ax.2011.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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