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Zhao T, Ma J, Lin M, Gao C, Zhao Y, Li X, Sun W. Isolation and Characterization of Paenibacillus polymyxa B7 and Inhibition of Aspergillus tubingensis A1 by Its Antifungal Substances. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2195. [PMID: 38396880 PMCID: PMC10889487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Screening of Bacillus with antagonistic effects on paddy mold pathogens to provide strain resources for biological control of mold in Oryza sativa L. screening of Bacillus isolates antagonistic towards Aspergillus tubingensis from rhizosphere soil of healthy paddy; classification and identification of antagonistic strains by biological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis; transcriptome sequencing after RNA extraction from Bacillus-treated Aspergillus tubingensis; and extraction of inhibitory crude proteins of Bacillus by ammonium sulfate precipitation; inhibitory crude protein and Bacillus spp. were treated separately for A. tubingensis and observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An antagonistic strain of Bacillus, named B7, was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa by 16S rDNA identification and phylogenetic evolutionary tree comparison analysis. Analysis of the transcriptome results showed that genes related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis such as antifungal protein were significantly downregulated. SEM results showed that the mycelium of A. tubingensis underwent severe rupture after treatment with P. polymyxa and antifungal proteins, respectively. In addition, the sporocarp changed less after treatment with P. polymyxa, and the sporangium stalks had obvious folds. P. polymyxa B7 has a good antagonistic effect against A. tubingensis and has potential for biocontrol applications of paddy mold pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Weihong Sun
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (T.Z.); (J.M.); (M.L.); (C.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.)
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Kamle M, Mahato DK, Gupta A, Pandhi S, Sharma N, Sharma B, Mishra S, Arora S, Selvakumar R, Saurabh V, Dhakane-Lad J, Kumar M, Barua S, Kumar A, Gamlath S, Kumar P. Citrinin Mycotoxin Contamination in Food and Feed: Impact on Agriculture, Human Health, and Detection and Management Strategies. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14020085. [PMID: 35202113 PMCID: PMC8874403 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrinin (CIT) is a mycotoxin produced by different species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Monascus. CIT can contaminate a wide range of foods and feeds at any time during the pre-harvest, harvest, and post-harvest stages. CIT can be usually found in beans, fruits, fruit and vegetable juices, herbs and spices, and dairy products, as well as red mold rice. CIT exerts nephrotoxic and genotoxic effects in both humans and animals, thereby raising concerns regarding the consumption of CIT-contaminated food and feed. Hence, to minimize the risk of CIT contamination in food and feed, understanding the incidence of CIT occurrence, its sources, and biosynthetic pathways could assist in the effective implementation of detection and mitigation measures. Therefore, this review aims to shed light on sources of CIT, its prevalence in food and feed, biosynthetic pathways, and genes involved, with a major focus on detection and management strategies to ensure the safety and security of food and feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Kamle
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli 791109, India;
| | - Dipendra Kumar Mahato
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia; (D.K.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Akansha Gupta
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (A.G.); (S.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Shikha Pandhi
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (A.G.); (S.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Nitya Sharma
- Food Customization Research Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India;
| | - Bharti Sharma
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (A.G.); (S.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Sadhna Mishra
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (A.G.); (S.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Shalini Arora
- Department of Dairy Technology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Raman Selvakumar
- Centre for Protected Cultivation Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Vivek Saurabh
- Division of Food Science and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Jyoti Dhakane-Lad
- Technology Transfer Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India;
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India;
| | - Sreejani Barua
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (A.G.); (S.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Shirani Gamlath
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia; (D.K.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli 791109, India;
- Correspondence:
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Wani HM, Sharma P, Wani IA, Kothari SL, Wani AA. Influence of γ‐irradiation on antioxidant, thermal and rheological properties of native and irradiated whole grain millet flours. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Maqbool Wani
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University Rajasthan Jaipur303007India
| | - Paras Sharma
- Food Chemistry Division ICMR‐National Institute of Nutrition Hyderabad500 007India
| | - Idrees Ahmed Wani
- Department of Food Science & Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar190006India
| | - Shanker Lal Kothari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University Rajasthan Jaipur303007India
| | - Ali Abas Wani
- Fraunhofer Institute of Process Engineering & Packaging (IVV) Freising85354Germany
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4
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Inactivation of Salmonella on black peppercorns using an integrated ultraviolet-C and cold plasma intervention. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Frisch LM, Mann MA, Marek DN, Niessen L. Development and optimization of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the species-specific detection of Penicillium expansum. Food Microbiol 2020; 95:103681. [PMID: 33397614 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium expansum is the main cause of Blue Mold Decay, which is the economically most significant postharvest disease on fruits. It occurs especially on pomaceous fruits such as apples and pears but also on a wide range of other fruits such as grapes or strawberries. Besides its negative economic effects on the industry, the fungus is also of health concern as it produces patulin, a mycotoxin known to provoke harmful effects in humans. A specific and rapid detection of this fungus therefore is required. In the current study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and optimized for the species-specific detection of P. expansum. The assay showed high specificity during tests with genomic DNA of 187 fungal strains. The detection limit of the developed assay was 25 pg genomic DNA of P. expansum per reaction. The assay was successfully applied for the detection of the fungus on artificially contaminated apples, grapes, apple juice, apple puree, and grape juice. The developed assay is a promising tool for rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost-efficient detection of P. expansum in quality control applications in the food and beverage industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Frisch
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Technical Microbiology, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 4, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Magdalena A Mann
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Technical Microbiology, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 4, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - David N Marek
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Technical Microbiology, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 4, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Ludwig Niessen
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Technical Microbiology, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 4, 85354, Freising, Germany.
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De Middeleer G, Leys N, Sas B, De Saeger S. Fungi and Mycotoxins in Space-A Review. ASTROBIOLOGY 2019; 19:915-926. [PMID: 30973270 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2018.1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fungi are not only present on Earth but colonize spacecraft and space stations as well. This review provides an extensive overview of the large and diverse group of fungal species that have been found in space, as well as those corresponding detection methods used and the existing and potential future prevention and control strategies. Many of the identified fungal species in space, such as Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria sp., are mycotoxigenic; thus, they are potential mycotoxin producers. This indicates that, although the fungal load in space stations tends to be non-alarming, the effects should not be underestimated, since the effect of the space environment on mycotoxin production should be sufficiently studied as well. However, research focused on mycotoxin production under conditions found on space stations is essentially nonexistent, since these kinds of spaceflight experiments are rare. Consequently, it is recommended that detection and monitoring systems for fungi and mycotoxins in space are at some point prioritized such that investigations into the impact of the space environment on mycotoxin production is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilke De Middeleer
- 1Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natalie Leys
- 2Microbiology Unit, Interdisciplinary BioSciences Expert Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Benedikt Sas
- 3Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- 1Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Markov K, Mihaljević B, Domijan AM, Pleadin J, Delaš F, Frece J. Inactivation of aflatoxigenic fungi and the reduction of aflatoxin B1 in vitro and in situ using gamma irradiation. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Calado T, Venâncio A, Abrunhosa L. Irradiation for Mold and Mycotoxin Control: A Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Calado
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering; Univ. of Minho; Campus de Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Armando Venâncio
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering; Univ. of Minho; Campus de Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Luís Abrunhosa
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering; Univ. of Minho; Campus de Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
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Iqbal Q, Amjad M, Asi MR, Ariño A. Mold and aflatoxin reduction by gamma radiation of packed hot peppers and their evolution during storage. J Food Prot 2012; 75:1528-31. [PMID: 22856582 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of gamma radiation on moisture content, total mold counts, Aspergillus counts, and aflatoxins of three hot pepper hybrids (Sky Red, Maha, and Wonder King) was investigated. Whole dried peppers packed in polyethylene bags were gamma irradiated at 0 (control), 2, 4, and 6 kGy and stored at 25°C for 90 days. Gamma radiation proved to be effective in reducing total mold and Aspergillus counts in a dose-dependent relationship. Total mold counts in irradiated peppers immediately after treatments were significantly lowered compared with those in nonirradiated samples, achieving 90 and 99% reduction at 2- and 4-kGy doses, respectively. Aspergillus counts were significantly reduced, by 93 and 97%, immediately after irradiation at doses of 2 and 4 kGy, respectively. A radiation dose of 6 kGy completely eliminated the population of total molds and Aspergillus fungi. The evolution of total molds in control and irradiated samples indicated no further fungal proliferation during 3 months of storage at 25°C. Aflatoxin levels were slightly affected by radiation doses of 2 and 4 kGy and showed a nonsignificant reduction of 6% at the highest radiation dose of 6 kGy. The distinct effectiveness of gamma radiation in molds and aflatoxins can be explained by the target theory of food irradiation, which states that the likelihood of a microorganism or a molecule being inactivated by gamma rays increases as its size increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qumer Iqbal
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Scientific Opinion on the risks for public and animal health related to the presence of citrinin in food and feed. EFSA J 2012. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Khan SJ, Roser DJ, Davies CM, Peters GM, Stuetz RM, Tucker R, Ashbolt NJ. Chemical contaminants in feedlot wastes: concentrations, effects and attenuation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2008; 34:839-859. [PMID: 18055014 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2007.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 10/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Commercial feedlots for beef cattle finishing are potential sources of a range of trace chemicals which have human health or environmental significance. To ensure adequate protection of human and environmental health from exposure to these chemicals, the application of effective manure and effluent management practices is warranted. The Australian meat and livestock industry has adopted a proactive approach to the identification of best management practices. Accordingly, this review was undertaken to identify key chemical species that may require consideration in the development of guidelines for feedlot manure and effluent management practices in Australia. Important classes of trace chemicals identified include steroidal hormones, antibiotics, ectoparasiticides, mycotoxins, heavy metals and dioxins. These are described in terms of their likely sources, expected concentrations and public health or environmental significance based on international data and research. Androgenic hormones such as testosterone and trenbolone are significantly active in feedlot wastes, but they are poorly understood in terms of fate and environmental implications. The careful management of residues of antibiotics including virginiamycin, tylosin and oxytetracycline appears prudent in terms of minimising the risk of potential public health impacts from resistant strains of bacteria. Good management of ectoparasiticides including synthetic pyrethroids, macrocyclic lactones, fluazuron, and amitraz is important for the prevention of potential ecological implications, particularly towards dung beetles. Very few of these individual chemical contaminants have been thoroughly investigated in terms of concentrations, effects and attenuation in Australian feedlot wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Khan
- Centre for Water and Waste Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2054, Australia.
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