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Xiao L, Zhao Y, Yang M, Luan G, Du T, Deng S, Jia X. A promising nucleic acid therapy drug: DNAzymes and its delivery system. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1270101. [PMID: 37753371 PMCID: PMC10518456 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1270101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the development of nucleic acid therapeutic drugs, DNAzymes obtained through in vitro selection technology in 1994 are gradually being sought. DNAzymes are single-stranded DNA molecules with catalytic function, which specifically cleave RNA under the action of metal ions. Various in vivo and in vitro models have recently demonstrated that DNAzymes can target related genes in cancer, cardiovascular disease, bacterial and viral infection, and central nervous system disease. Compared with other nucleic acid therapy drugs, DNAzymes have gained more attention due to their excellent cutting efficiency, high stability, and low cost. Here, We first briefly reviewed the development and characteristics of DNAzymes, then discussed disease-targeting inhibition model of DNAzymes, hoping to provide new insights and ways for disease treatment. Finally, DNAzymes were still subject to some restrictions in practical applications, including low cell uptake efficiency, nuclease degradation and interference from other biological matrices. We discussed the latest delivery strategy of DNAzymes, among which lipid nanoparticles have recently received widespread attention due to the successful delivery of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, which provides the possibility for the subsequent clinical application of DNAzymes. In addition, the future development of DNAzymes was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangxin Luan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanshan Deng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wong CY, Martinez J, Zhao J, Al-Salami H, Dass CR. Development of orally administered insulin-loaded polymeric-oligonucleotide nanoparticles: statistical optimization and physicochemical characterization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1238-1252. [PMID: 32597264 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1788061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Therapeutic peptides are administered via parenteral route due to poor absorption in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, instability in gastric acid, and GI enzymes. Polymeric drug delivery systems have achieved significant interest in pharmaceutical research due to its feasibility in protecting proteins, tissue targeting, and controlled drug release pattern. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of insulin-loaded nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler micro-electrophoresis. The main and interaction effects of chitosan concentration and Dz13Scr concentration on the physicochemical properties of the prepared insulin-loaded nanoparticles (size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential) were evaluated statistically using analysis of variance. A robust procedure of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was developed to quantify insulin release in simulated GI buffer. Results and discussion: We reported on the effect of two independent parameters, including polymer concentration and oligonucleotide concentration, on the physical characteristics of particles. Chitosan concentration was significant in predicting the size of insulin-loaded CS-Dz13Scr particles. In terms of zeta potential, both chitosan concentration and squared term of chitosan were significant factors that affect the surface charge of particles, which was attributed to the availability of positively-charged amino groups during interaction with negatively-charged Dz13Scr. The excipients used in this study could fabricate nanoparticles with negligible toxicity in GI cells and skeletal muscle cells. The developed formulation could conserve the physicochemical properties after being stored for 1 month at 4 °C. CONCLUSION The obtained results revealed satisfactory results for insulin-loaded CS-Dz13Scr nanoparticles (159.3 nm, pdi 0.331, -1.08 mV). No such similar study has been reported to date to identify the main and interactive significance of the above parameters for the characterization of insulin-loaded polymeric-oligonucleotide nanoparticles. This research is of importance for the understanding and development of protein-loaded nanoparticles for oral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Y Wong
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
| | - Jorge Martinez
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Jian Zhao
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
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Sharifi M, Hosseinali SH, Yousefvand P, Salihi A, Shekha MS, Aziz FM, JouyaTalaei A, Hasan A, Falahati M. Gold nanozyme: Biosensing and therapeutic activities. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 108:110422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Wang H, Chen Y, Wang H, Liu X, Zhou X, Wang F. DNAzyme‐Loaded Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Self‐Sufficient Gene Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University 430072 Wuhan China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University 430072 Wuhan China
| | - Fuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
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Wang H, Chen Y, Wang H, Liu X, Zhou X, Wang F. DNAzyme-Loaded Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Self-Sufficient Gene Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7380-7384. [PMID: 30916460 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
DNAzymes have been recognized as potent therapeutic agents for gene therapy, while their inefficient intracellular delivery and insufficient cofactor supply precludes their practical biological applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising drug carriers without in-depth consideration of their disassembled ingredients. Herein, we report a self-sufficient MOF-based chlorin e6-modified DNAzyme (Ce6-DNAzyme) therapeutic nanosystem for combined gene therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The ZIF-8 nanoparticles (NPs) could efficiently deliver the therapeutic DNAzyme without degradation into cancer cells. The pH-responsive ZIF-8 NPs disassemble with the concomitant release of the guest DNAzyme payloads and the host Zn2+ ions that serve, respectively, as messenger RNA-targeting agent and required DNAzyme cofactors for activating gene therapy. The auxiliary photosensitizer Ce6 could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and provide a fluorescence signal for the imaging-guided gene therapy/PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Niu YN, Wang K, Jin S, Fan DD, Wang MS, Xing NZ, Xia SJ. The intriguing role of fibroblasts and c-Jun in the chemopreventive and therapeutic effect of finasteride on xenograft models of prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2015; 18:913-919. [PMID: 26698232 PMCID: PMC5109888 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.167714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In a large clinical trial, finasteride reduced the rate of low-grade prostate cancer (PCa) while increasing the incidence of high-grade cancer. Whether finasteride promotes the development of high-grade tumors remains controversial. We demonstrated the role of fibroblasts and c-Jun in chemopreventive and therapeutic effect of finasteride on xenograft models of PCa. LNCaP (PC3) cells or recombinants of cancer cells and fibroblasts were implanted in male athymic nude mice treated with finasteride. Tumor growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis, p-Akt, and p-ERK1/2 were evaluated. In LNCaP (PC3) mono-grafted models, finasteride did not change the tumor growth. In recombinant-grafted models, fibroblasts and c-Jun promoted tumor growth; finasteride induced proliferation of LNCaP cells and repressed PC3 cell apoptosis. When c-Jun was knocked out, fibroblasts and/or finasteride did not promote the tumor growth. Finasteride inhibited p-Akt and p-ERK1/2 in mono-culture cancer cells while stimulating the same signaling molecules in the presence of fibroblasts. Reduced p-Akt and p-ERK1/2 were noted in the presence of c-Jun-/- fibroblasts. Fibroblasts and c-Jun promote PCa growth; finasteride further stimulates tumor growth with promoted proliferation, repressed apoptosis, and up-regulated pro-proliferative molecular pathway in the presence of fibroblasts and c-Jun. Stromal-epithelial interactions play critical roles in finasteride's therapeutic effects on PCa. Our findings have preliminary implications in using finasteride as a chemopreventive or therapeutic agent for PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nong Niu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Dong Fan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Shuai Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nian-Zeng Xing
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Jie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First Hospital, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Biomimetic DNA nanoballs for oligonucleotide delivery. Biomaterials 2015; 62:155-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Yehl K, Joshi JP, Greene BL, Dyer RB, Nahta R, Salaita K. Catalytic deoxyribozyme-modified nanoparticles for RNAi-independent gene regulation. ACS NANO 2012; 6:9150-7. [PMID: 22966955 PMCID: PMC3482470 DOI: 10.1021/nn3034265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
DNAzymes are catalytic oligonucleotides with important applications in gene regulation, DNA computing, responsive soft materials, and ultrasensitive metal-ion sensing. The most significant challenge for using DNAzymes in vivo pertains to nontoxic delivery and maintaining function inside cells. We synthesized multivalent deoxyribozyme "10-23" gold nanoparticle (DzNP) conjugates, varying DNA density, linker length, enzyme orientation, and linker composition in order to study the role of the steric environment and gold surface chemistry on catalysis. DNAzyme catalytic efficiency was modulated by steric packing and proximity of the active loop to the gold surface. Importantly, the 10-23 DNAzyme was asymmetrically sensitive to the gold surface and when anchored through the 5' terminus was inhibited 32-fold. This property was used to generate DNAzymes whose catalytic activity is triggered by thiol displacement reactions or by photoexcitation at λ = 532 nm. Importantly, cell studies revealed that DzNPs are less susceptible to nuclease degradation, readily enter mammalian cells, and catalytically down-regulate GDF15 gene expression levels in breast cancer cells, thus addressing some of the key limitations in the adoption of DNAzymes for in vivo work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Yehl
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Jayashree P. Joshi
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Brandon L. Greene
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - R. Brian Dyer
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Rita Nahta
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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