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Levi M, Parenti F, Muscatello LV, Battaia S, Santilli R, Perego M, Montinaro V, Massari F, Sarli G, Brunetti B. Pathological Findings of Canine Idiopathic Pericarditis and Pericardial Mesotheliomas: Correlation with Clinical and Survival Data. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8080162. [PMID: 34437484 PMCID: PMC8402876 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8080162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pericarditis (IP) and pericardial mesothelioma (PM) are causes of pericardial effusion in dogs. Pericardiectomy can be a definitive treatment in the case of idiopathic pericardial effusion or a short-term intervention for mesothelioma. The aim of the present study was to investigate which histopathologic parameters are correlated with clinical outcomes in a cohort of dogs that underwent pericardiectomy. The histopathological findings of 22 IPs and 5 PMs were compared with clinical and survival data and the immunohistochemical characterization of immune cells (CD3, CD79α, Iba1). In IP, the mesothelium was lost in 20 cases, reactive in 9, atypical in 3, and mesothelial papillary hyperplasia (MPH) was observed in 4 cases. Numerous macrophages were found in both IPs and PMs especially at the superficial layer of the pericardium. T lymphocytes were observed in mild to moderate numbers and were more numerous than B lymphocytes in both IPs and PMs. MPH was correlated with the quantity of lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in the superficial layer, inversely related to the thickness of the pericardium, and associated with a longer overall survival. Pericardial fibrosis was present in 19 out of 22 IPs and in all mesotheliomas and was correlated with increased time from initial presentation and pericardiectomy and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in the deep zone. Pericardial thickness was correlated with the amount of lymphoplasmacytic and macrophagic infiltrate in the deep zone. Mesothelioma was associated with an increased number of pericardiocentesis procedures before pericardiectomy and with the presence of macrophages in the superficial pericardial layer, edema, fibrin, and hemorrhage. Disease-free interval and overall survival were significantly shorter in patients with mesothelioma compared with IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Levi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.); (F.P.); (G.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Federico Parenti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.); (F.P.); (G.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Luisa Vera Muscatello
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.); (F.P.); (G.S.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefano Battaia
- Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Via Roma 57, Zola Predosa, 40069 Bologna, Italy; (S.B.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (F.M.)
- Clinica Veterinaria Malpensa, Viale Marconi 27, Samarate, 21017 Varese, Italy;
| | - Roberto Santilli
- Clinica Veterinaria Malpensa, Viale Marconi 27, Samarate, 21017 Varese, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Manuela Perego
- Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Via Roma 57, Zola Predosa, 40069 Bologna, Italy; (S.B.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (F.M.)
- Clinica Veterinaria Malpensa, Viale Marconi 27, Samarate, 21017 Varese, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Montinaro
- Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Via Roma 57, Zola Predosa, 40069 Bologna, Italy; (S.B.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Federico Massari
- Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Via Roma 57, Zola Predosa, 40069 Bologna, Italy; (S.B.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (F.M.)
- DOCVET, Clinica Veterinaria Nervianese, Via Lampugnani 3, 20014 Nerviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.); (F.P.); (G.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Barbara Brunetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.); (F.P.); (G.S.); (B.B.)
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Spence S, French A, Penderis J, Macfarlane L, Gutierrez‐Quintana R, Dickson L, Holmes K, McLauchlan G. The occurrence of cardiac abnormalities in canine steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:204-211. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Spence
- Small Animal Hospital, University of Glasgow Glasgow G61 1QH UK
| | - A. French
- Small Animal Hospital, University of Glasgow Glasgow G61 1QH UK
| | - J. Penderis
- Vet Extra Neurology Broadleys Veterinary Hospital, Stirling FK7 7LE UK
| | - L. Macfarlane
- North Downs Specialist Referrals Bletchingley RH1 4QP UK
| | | | - L. Dickson
- Small Animal Hospital, University of Glasgow Glasgow G61 1QH UK
| | | | - G. McLauchlan
- Fitzpatrick Referrals – Oncology and Soft Tissue Surrey GU2 7AJ UK
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Milne E, Martinez Pereira Y, Muir C, Scase T, Shaw DJ, McGregor G, Oldroyd L, Scurrell E, Martin M, Devine C, Hodgkiss-Geere H. Immunohistochemical differentiation of reactive from malignant mesothelium as a diagnostic aid in canine pericardial disease. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 59:261-271. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Milne
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute; The University of Edinburgh; Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG UK
| | - Y. Martinez Pereira
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute; The University of Edinburgh; Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG UK
| | - C. Muir
- Bridge Pathology Ltd.; Bristol BS7 0BJ UK
| | - T. Scase
- Bridge Pathology Ltd.; Bristol BS7 0BJ UK
| | - D. J. Shaw
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute; The University of Edinburgh; Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG UK
| | - G. McGregor
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute; The University of Edinburgh; Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG UK
| | - L. Oldroyd
- Abbey Vet Services; Newton Abbot, Devon TQ12 2BG UK
| | - E. Scurrell
- Cytopath Ltd.; Ledbury, Herefordshire HR8 2YD UK
| | - M. Martin
- Willows Referral Centre; Shirley, West Midlands B90 4NH UK
| | - C. Devine
- Borders Veterinary Cardiology Services; Skirling, Peeblesshire ML12 6HD UK
| | - H. Hodgkiss-Geere
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Institute of Veterinary Science; University of Liverpool; Neston, Wirral CH64 7TE UK
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Tabar MD, Movilla R, Serrano L, Altet L, Francino O, Roura X. PCR evaluation of selected vector-borne pathogens in dogs with pericardial effusion. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 59:248-252. [PMID: 29355984 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate evidence for selected vector-borne pathogen infections in dogs with pericardial effusion living in a Mediterranean area in which several canine vector-borne diseases are endemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Archived EDTA blood (n=68) and pericardial fluid samples (n=58) from dogs with pericardial effusion (n=68) were included. Dogs without pericardial effusion examined for other reasons were included as controls (n=60). Pericardial effusion was classified as neoplastic in 40 dogs, idiopathic in 23 dogs and of unknown aetiology in 5 dogs. Real-time PCR was performed for Leishmania infantum, Ehrlichia/Anaplasma species, Hepatozoon canis, Babesia species, Rickettsia species and Bartonella species, and sequencing of PCR products from positive samples was used to confirm species specificity. RESULTS Vector-borne pathogens were found in 18 dogs: 16 of 68 dogs with pericardial effusion (23·5%) and two of 60 control dogs (3·3%). Positive dogs demonstrated DNA of Leishmania infantum (n=7), Anaplasma platys (n=2, one dog coinfected with Leishmania infantum), Babesia canis (n=5), Babesia gibsoni (n=3) and Hepatozoon canis (n=2). Vector-borne pathogens were more commonly detected among dogs with pericardial effusion than controls (P=0·001). There was no relationship between aetiology of the pericardial effusion and evidence of vector-borne pathogens (P=0·932). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Vector-borne pathogens are often detected in dogs with pericardial effusion and require further investigation, especially in dogs with idiopathic pericardial effusion. PCR can provide additional information about the potential role of vector-borne pathogens in dogs with pericardial effusion living in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-D Tabar
- Hospital Veterinario San Vicente, Alicante, 03540, Spain
| | - R Movilla
- Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - L Serrano
- Vetgenomics, Parc de recerca UAB, Edifici Eureka, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - L Altet
- Vetgenomics, Parc de recerca UAB, Edifici Eureka, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - O Francino
- Servei Veterinari de Genètica Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - X Roura
- Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
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Boddy KN, Sleeper MM, Sammarco CD, Weisse C, Ghods S, Litt HI. Cardiac magnetic resonance in the differentiation of neoplastic and nonneoplastic pericardial effusion. J Vet Intern Med 2011; 25:1003-9. [PMID: 21781165 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0762.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the imaging modality of choice for cardiac tumors in people. Although neoplastic pericardial effusion (PE) carries a poor prognosis, benign idiopathic pericardial effusion does not. Definitive diagnosis is critical for surgical intervention, but currently available diagnostic techniques such as echocardiography and pericardial fluid cytology often are inconclusive. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE Describe CMR findings associated with PE and determine whether CMR aids in differentiation of benign and neoplastic causes of PE. ANIMALS Eight client-owned dogs with PE diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). METHODS CMR was performed with a 1.5 T, including dark blood, steady-state free procession cine, pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, and delayed inversion recovery prepped imaging. RESULTS CMR confirmed a cardiac mass and supported suspected tumor type in 4 dogs with suspected hemangiosarcoma. In 1 equivocal TTE case, CMR did not demonstrate a mass, but neoplasia was later diagnosed. In another equivocal case, CMR did not demonstrate a mass but showed findings consistent with a pericardiocentesis complication. In 1 dog without evidence of cardiac neoplasia, abdominal magnetic resonance imaging identified presumptive hepatic and splenic metastases. On reevaluation of the original CMR study, the 2 equivocal cases that were interpreted as tumor negative were reassessed as tumor positive. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE CMR did not substantially improve diagnosis of cardiac tumors compared with TTE in these 8 cases, but it yielded useful descriptive information regarding extent, anatomic location, and potential tumor type and confirmed that CMR requires extensive additional training for tumor identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Boddy
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Zini E, Glaus TM, Bussadori C, Borgarelli M, Santilli RA, Tarducci A, Margiocco ML, Rampazzo A, Meli ML, Maisch B, Pankuweit S. Evaluation of the presence of selected viral and bacterial nucleic acids in pericardial samples from dogs with or without idiopathic pericardial effusion. Vet J 2009; 179:225-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 09/06/2007] [Accepted: 09/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Martin MWS, Green MJ, Stafford Johnson MJ, Day MJ. Idiopathic pericarditis in dogs: no evidence for an immune-mediated aetiology. J Small Anim Pract 2006; 47:387-91. [PMID: 16842275 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00027.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain whether specific immunological changes are associated with canine pericardial effusion due to idiopathic pericarditis. METHODS In this prospective study, serum antinuclear antibody and serum and pericardial fluid immunoglobulin (Ig) G, Ig M and Ig A concentrations were measured in dogs with pericardial effusion due to idiopathic pericarditis or pericardial neoplasia. The secretory index relative to albumin concentration was calculated in order to distinguish between Ig actively secreted into the pericardial fluid and that derived from the blood accumulating within the pericardial sac. Statistical analysis was performed comparing the results obtained between the two groups of dogs. RESULTS Only three dogs were antinuclear antibody positive; two of these dogs had idiopathic pericarditis and one had neoplasia. Mean serum Ig M and Ig A concentrations were lower than the reference values in both groups, and the secretory indices for Ig M and Ig A were greater than 1.0. However, there was no significant difference with respect to any Ig measurement between the two groups of dogs (P>0.1). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The results of the present study do not support the hypothesis that canine idiopathic pericarditis has a significant 'immune-mediated' aetiology or immunological features that distinguish it from the pericardial changes associated with local neoplastic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W S Martin
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
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Abstract
Twenty-three dogs with pericardial effusions were identified from case records made between 1992 and 2000. Fourteen of the 23 were diagnosed with idiopathic pericardial effusions, and three of these were treated successfully by one pericardiocentesis. In the remaining 11 cases the pericardial effusion recurred; six cases were managed long-term by either two (three cases), three (two cases), or 11 repeated pericardiocenteses, and the remaining five were treated by pericardiectomy. The median survival time of the six dogs treated by repeated pericardiocentesis was five years and nine days.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Mellanby
- Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES
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Wiinberg B, Spohr A, Dietz HH, Egelund T, Greiter-Wilke A, McDonough SP, Olsen J, Priestnall S, Chang YF, Simpson KW. Quantitative Analysis of Inflammatory and Immune Responses in Dogs with Gastritis and Their Relationship toHelicobacterspp. Infection. J Vet Intern Med 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Stafford Johnson M, Martin M, Binns S, Day MJ. A retrospective study of clinical findings, treatment and outcome in 143 dogs with pericardial effusion. J Small Anim Pract 2004; 45:546-52. [PMID: 15553192 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2004.tb00202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective study of 143 dogs with pericardial effusion is presented, including a statistical analysis of survival time. Cases were classified into those in which a mass was seen on echocardiography (echo-positive) and those in which no mass could be identified (echo-negative). Forty-four dogs were echo-positive and 99 were echo-negative. The median survival time (MST) was 1068 days for echo-negative dogs and 26 days for echo-positive dogs. Dogs with a history of collapse were more likely to present with a mass on echocardiography. Those presenting with collapse had an MST of 30 days compared with 605 days for those without collapse. Echo-negative dogs tended to present with ascites and generally had a larger volume of pericardial effusion. The median survival for dogs presenting with ascites was 605 days compared with 45 days for those without ascites. Among echo-negative dogs, 64 per cent had a relapse of their effusion. Subtotal pericardiectomy was performed in 31 echo-negative dogs. The procedure had a perioperative mortality of 13 per cent but provided a favourable long-term prognosis. Dogs undergoing pericardiectomy had a median survival of 1218 days compared with 532 days for those not undergoing surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stafford Johnson
- Veterinary Cardiorespiratory Centre, 43 Waverley Road, Kenilworth, Warwickshire
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Rotermund A, Peters M, Hewicker-Trautwein M, Nolte I. Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy in a great dane resembling 'Alabama rot' of greyhounds. Vet Rec 2002; 151:510-2. [PMID: 12431001 DOI: 10.1136/vr.151.17.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Rotermund
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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Abstracts. Vet Rec 2002. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.151.17.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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