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Gutierrez‐Quintana R, Christen M, Faller KME, Guevar J, Jagannathan V, Leeb T. SCN9A variant in a family of mixed breed dogs with congenital insensitivity to pain. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:230-235. [PMID: 36630088 PMCID: PMC9889608 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSANs) are a rare group of genetic disorders causing inability to feel pain. Three different associated variants have been identified in dogs: 1 in Border Collies, 1 in mixed breed dogs, and 1 in Spaniels and Pointers. OBJECTIVES To clinically and genetically characterize CIP in a family of mixed breed dogs. ANIMALS Two mixed breed dogs from the same litter were independently presented: 1 for evaluation of painless fractures, and the other for chronic thermal skin injuries. METHODS Physical, neurological, and histopathological evaluations were performed. Whole genome sequencing of 1 affected dog was used to identify homozygous protein-changing variants that were not present in 926 control genomes from diverse dog breeds. RESULTS Physical and neurological examinations showed the absence of superficial and deep pain perception in the entire body. Histopathological evaluations of the brain, spinal cord and sensory ganglia were normal. Whole genome sequencing identified a homozygous missense variant in SCN9A, XM_038584713.1:c.2761C>T or XP_038440641.1:(p.Arg921Cys). Both affected dogs were homozygous for the mutant allele, which was not detected in 926 dogs of different breeds. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE We confirmed the diagnosis of CIP in a family of mixed breed dogs and identified a likely pathogenic variant in the SCN9A gene. The clinical signs observed in these dogs mimic those reported in humans with pathogenic SCN9A variants causing CIP. This report is the first of a spontaneous pathogenic SCN9A variant in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Gutierrez‐Quintana
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Matthias Christen
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Kiterie M. E. Faller
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghMidlothianUK
| | - Julien Guevar
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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Gernone F, Uva A, Cavalera MA, Zatelli A. Neurogenic Bladder in Dogs, Cats and Humans: A Comparative Review of Neurological Diseases. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3233. [PMID: 36496754 PMCID: PMC9739254 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) includes abnormalities in the structure and function of the bladder and the urethra. LUTD caused by neurological disease is defined neurogenic bladder (NB). The integrity of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) is required to explicate normal micturition, maintaining the proper function of bladder and urethra. The location and type of neurological lesions influence the pattern of clinical manifestations, potential treatment, and prognosis. Though, in dogs and cats, spinal cord injury is considered mainly responsible for bladder and/or urethra incompetence, other disorders, congenital or acquired, involving CNS or PNS, could play a role in NB. In veterinary medicine, the information about the epidemiology, prevalence, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of NB are scattered. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the epidemiology, prevalence, clinical findings, diagnosis and prognosis for NB in dogs and cats compared with humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Gernone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
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Leonard C, Van Soens I, Fontaine J. Inherited Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy in a Border Collie, Interest of Oclacitinib for the Control of Self-Mutilation. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9030127. [PMID: 35324855 PMCID: PMC8955948 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory and autonomic neuropathy was diagnosed in a five-month-old Border Collie puppy, who presented with progressive self-mutilation, proprioceptive ataxia and urinary incontinence. In the Border Collie, sensory neuropathy is different from what is observed in acral mutilation syndrome, as the genetic mutation is linked to an inversion disrupting the FAM134B gene. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs and genetic testing. The prognosis of sensory neuropathies is poor and no curative treatment is available. In the present case, oclacitinib was started for symptomatic treatment of the self-mutilation. A good control of the self-mutilation was quickly observed with an improvement in quality of life for five months. Unfortunately, progression of neurological signs with severe proprioceptive deficits, ataxia, muscular atrophy and urinary/fecal incontinence was observed. Five months after diagnosis, the owner elected for euthanasia.
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Gutierrez-Quintana R, Mellersh C, Wessmann A, Ortega M, Penderis J, Sharpe S, Freeman E, Stevenson L, Burmeister L. Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy in a family of mixed breed dogs associated with a novel RETREG1 variant. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:2306-2314. [PMID: 34387380 PMCID: PMC8478055 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSANs) are a group of genetic disorders affecting the peripheral nervous system. Two different associated variants have been identified in dogs: 1 in Border Collies and 1 in Spaniels and Pointers. Objectives Clinically and genetically characterize HSAN in a family of mixed breed dogs. Animals Five 7‐month‐old mixed breed dogs from 2 related litters were presented for evaluation of a 2‐month history of acral mutilation and progressive pelvic limb gait abnormalities. Methods Complete physical, neurological, electrodiagnostic, and histopathological evaluations were performed. Whole genome sequencing of 2 affected dogs (1 from each litter) was used to identify variants that were homozygous or heterozygous in both cases, but wild type in 217 control genomes of 100 breeds. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess protein expression. Results Complete physical, neurological, electrodiagnostic, and histopathological evaluations confirmed a disorder affecting sensory and autonomic nerves. Whole genome sequencing identified a missense variant in the RETREG1 (reticulophagy regulator 1) gene (c.656C > T, p.P219L). All affected dogs were homozygous for the variant, which was not detected in 1193 dogs from different breeds. Immunohistochemistry showed no expression of RETREG1 in the cerebellum of affected dogs. One of the affected dogs lived for 5 years and showed gradual progression of the clinical signs. Conclusions and Clinical Importance We confirmed the diagnosis of HSAN in a family of mixed breed dogs and identified a novel and possibly pathogenic RETREG1 variant. Affected dogs experienced gradual deterioration over several years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Samuel Sharpe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Lynn Stevenson
- Pathology Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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CLOUDED LEOPARD ( NEOFELIS NEBULOSA) MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN CAPTIVE-BRED POPULATIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MEDICAL DATA FROM 271 INDIVIDUALS IN EUROPEAN, ASIAN, AND AUSTRALIAN ZOOS. J Zoo Wildl Med 2020; 51:150-158. [PMID: 32212558 DOI: 10.1638/2019-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) is classified as vulnerable on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. However, diseases affecting this species across zoo populations are not well documented. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to identify common and significant causes of morbidity and mortality in captive-bred clouded leopards from European, Asian, and Australian institutions. Medical records from 44 zoological parks that held 271 clouded leopards from 1934 to 2017 were reviewed. Major causes of mortality in the dead leopards (n = 141) were respiratory disease (17%), maternal neglect and starvation (12%), generalized infectious disease (10%), digestive disease (10%), and trauma (10%). Six animals lived more than 20 yr and two were older than 22 yr. Diseases were recorded 344 times (average of two per leopard) in 166 living leopards. The body systems most frequently affected by disease in these 166 individuals were, in order of frequency, integumentary (prevalence = 21%), digestive (21%), respiratory (16%), musculoskeletal (12%), and urinary (10%) systems. Neoplasia (7%) was less frequent, followed by cardiovascular (5%), genital (3%), and viral (3%) disorders. Extensive, self-induced alopecia on the tail and dorsum was the most frequently reported dermatological disease, which is proposed to be called the "clouded leopard alopecia syndrome." The most common neoplasm was pheochromocytoma (1%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma of the paw pads, pleural mesothelioma and multicentric lymphomas (<1% each). Dilated cardiomyopathy (2%) was the most common cardiovascular disease. Bronchopneumonia (7%), enteritis (4%), and nephritis (4%) were the most frequently reported respiratory, digestive, and renal diseases, respectively. Diagnosed disease incidence was significantly higher in Europe. This paper reports the results of a comprehensive study of the causes of morbidity and mortality in European, Asian, and Australian clouded leopard zoo populations.
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Canine neuropathies: powerful spontaneous models for human hereditary sensory neuropathies. Hum Genet 2019; 138:455-466. [PMID: 30955094 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In humans, hereditary sensory neuropathies (HSN), also known as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSAN), constitute a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by progressive sensory loss, often accompanied by chronic skin ulcerations and nail dystrophic changes. To date, although around 20 genes have already been discovered, they do not explain the genetic causes of all patients. In dogs, similar neuropathies are also diagnosed, several breeds being predisposed to specific forms of the disease. Indeed, the breed specificity of most canine genetic diseases is due to the small numbers of founders and high levels of inbreeding. Recent knowledge and tools developed to study the canine genome efficiently allows deciphering the genetic bases of such diseases. To date, a dozen breeds are recognized to develop specific HSN. For the Border collie and hunting dog breeds, the genes involved have recently been discovered. Other affected breeds thus constitute potential genetic models, with new genes to be found in dogs that can be considered as candidate genes for human HSAN/HSN. Here, we review the different forms of human and canine HSAN/HSN and we present a novel form in Fox terrier cases, highlighting the advantages of the dog model for such rare human diseases.
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Amengual-Batle P, Rusbridge C, José-López R, Golini L, Shelton GD, Mellersh CS, Gutierrez-Quintana R. Two mixed breed dogs with sensory neuropathy are homozygous for an inversion disrupting FAM134B previously identified in Border Collies. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:2082-2087. [PMID: 30307654 PMCID: PMC6272042 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Two unrelated 8‐month‐old male mixed breed dogs were presented for evaluation of progressive ataxia, knuckling, and lack of pain perception in the distal limbs. Because of the similarity in age of onset, progression, and clinical findings with previously described sensory neuropathy in Border Collies, the affected dogs were screened for an FAM134B mutation and were determined to be homozygous for the mutation. Despite few phenotypic similarities with other breeds, genetic testing for specific diseases should be considered in mixed breed dogs with compatible clinical signs, especially if ancestry is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Amengual-Batle
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Rusbridge
- Fitzpatrick Referrals, Eashing, Surrey, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Vet School Main Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto José-López
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Golini
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
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An Inversion Disrupting FAM134B Is Associated with Sensory Neuropathy in the Border Collie Dog Breed. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:2687-92. [PMID: 27527794 PMCID: PMC5015927 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.027896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sensory neuropathy in the Border Collie is a severe neurological disorder caused by the degeneration of sensory and, to a lesser extent, motor nerve cells with clinical signs starting between 2 and 7 months of age. Using a genome-wide association study approach with three cases and 170 breed matched controls, a suggestive locus for sensory neuropathy was identified that was followed up using a genome sequencing approach. An inversion disrupting the candidate gene FAM134B was identified. Genotyping of additional cases and controls and RNAseq analysis provided strong evidence that the inversion is causal. Evidence of cryptic splicing resulting in novel exon transcription for FAM134B was identified by RNAseq experiments. This investigation demonstrates the identification of a novel sensory neuropathy associated mutation, by mapping using a minimal set of cases and subsequent genome sequencing. Through mutation screening, it should be possible to reduce the frequency of or completely eliminate this debilitating condition from the Border Collie breed population.
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Hamzianpour N, Eley TS, Kenny PJ, Sanchez RF, Volk HA, De Decker S. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in a Dog with Sensory Neuronopathy. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1381-6. [PMID: 26174717 PMCID: PMC4858049 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Hamzianpour
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hatfield, UK
| | - T S Eley
- Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - P J Kenny
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hatfield, UK
| | - R F Sanchez
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hatfield, UK
| | - H A Volk
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hatfield, UK
| | - S De Decker
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hatfield, UK
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TSUBOI M, UCHIDA K, IDE T, OGAWA M, INAGAKI T, TAMURA S, SAITO M, CHAMBERS JK, NAKAYAMA H. Pathological Features of Polyneuropathy in Three Dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:327-35. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya TSUBOI
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1–1–1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki UCHIDA
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1–1–1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
| | - Tetsuya IDE
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1–1–1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
| | - Mizue OGAWA
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1–1–1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
| | - Takehiko INAGAKI
- Department of Neurology, Japan Animal Referral Medical Center, 2–5–8 Kuji, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 213–0032, Japan
| | - Shinji TAMURA
- Tamura Animal Clinic, 7–16 Saeki-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 731-5100, Japan
| | - Miyoko SAITO
- Department of Surgery II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 229–8501, Japan
| | - James K. CHAMBERS
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1–1–1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1–1–1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
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11
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Acral Mutilation Syndrome in a Miniature Pinscher. J Comp Pathol 2011; 144:235-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Canine inherited motor and sensory neuropathies: an updated classification in 22 breeds and comparison to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Vet J 2010; 188:274-85. [PMID: 20638305 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Canine inherited neuropathies form a group of degenerative diseases affecting motor and/or sensory and autonomic peripheral nerves. There is now a large number of inherited motor and sensory neuropathies (IMSN) reported in the veterinary literature, for which clinical, electrophysiological, histopathological and mode of inheritance data are available. Their resemblance with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in humans is suggested, although direct comparison is difficult due to the small number of cases described in each breed and the lack of genetic knowledge in dogs. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease forms a wide group of hereditary neuropathies for which a genetic mutation is recognised in more than 70% of patients. In dogs, no genetic mutation has so far been identified and the knowledge available for human hereditary neuropathies may be useful to identify genetic mutations in dogs. This review provides an update on data available on inherited neuropathy in Leonberger dogs and three new degenerative neuropathies are briefly described in two Russian Black terriers, two Cocker Spaniels and a Podhale Shepherd dog.
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Drögemüller C, Becker D, Kessler B, Kemter E, Tetens J, Jurina K, Jäderlund KH, Flagstad A, Perloski M, Lindblad-Toh K, Matiasek K. A deletion in the N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) gene in Greyhounds with polyneuropathy. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11258. [PMID: 20582309 PMCID: PMC2889825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyneuropathy of juvenile Greyhound show dogs shows clinical similarities to the genetically heterogeneous Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease in humans. The pedigrees containing affected dogs suggest monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance and all affected dogs trace back to a single male. Here, we studied the neuropathology of this disease and identified a candidate causative mutation. Peripheral nerve biopsies from affected dogs were examined using semi-thin histology, nerve fibre teasing and electron microscopy. A severe chronic progressive mixed polyneuropathy was observed. Seven affected and 17 related control dogs were genotyped on the 50k canine SNP chip. This allowed us to localize the causative mutation to a 19.5 Mb interval on chromosome 13 by homozygosity mapping. The NDRG1 gene is located within this interval and NDRG1 mutations have been shown to cause hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy-Lom in humans (CMT4D). Therefore, we considered NDRG1 a positional and functional candidate gene and performed mutation analysis in affected and control Greyhounds. A 10 bp deletion in canine NDRG1 exon 15 (c.1080_1089delTCGCCTGGAC) was perfectly associated with the polyneuropathy phenotype of Greyhound show dogs. The deletion causes a frame shift (p.Arg361SerfsX60) which alters several amino acids before a stop codon is encountered. A reduced level of NDRG1 transcript could be detected by RT-PCR. Western blot analysis demonstrated an absence of NDRG1 protein in peripheral nerve biopsy of an affected Greyhound. We thus have identified a candidate causative mutation for polyneuropathy in Greyhounds and identified the first genetically characterized canine CMT model which offers an opportunity to gain further insights into the pathobiology and therapy of human NDRG1 associated CMT disease. Selection against this mutation can now be used to eliminate polyneuropathy from Greyhound show dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
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Henke D, Vandevelde M, Oevermann A. Polyganglioradiculoneuritis in a young cat: clinical and histopathological findings. J Small Anim Pract 2009; 50:246-50. [PMID: 19425174 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2009.00703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An 18-month-old European shorthair cat was presented with a two week history of progressive decrease in consciousness, ambulatory tetraparesis, moderate ataxia and generalised decreased-to-absent postural reactions. Bilateral facial and nasal hypalgesia, absent menace response and anisocoria were found, and segmental spinal reflexes were normal. Neurological signs progressed to nonambulatory tetraparesis, tremor and spinal hyperalgesia. Histopathological examination revealed a mild-to-moderate lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic infiltration, predominantly in the dorsal spinal roots, cranial nerves and ganglia in association with marked demyelination and proliferation of Schwann cells. Neurons and axons were preserved. Lesions were multi-focal and varied in severity. A predominantly sensory polyganglioradiculoneuritis was diagnosed. This lesion has not been reported previously in cats. Rabies, herpesviruses, feline infectious peritonitis, feline immunodeficiency virus, Toxoplasma gondii and feline leukaemia virus were excluded as possible aetiologies. Infections by other viruses or an autoimmune disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Henke
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Division of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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Jäderlund KH, Örvind E, Johnsson E, Matiasek K, Hahn C, Malm S, Hedhammar Å. A Neurologic Syndrome in Golden Retrievers Presenting as a Sensory Ataxic Neuropathy. J Vet Intern Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb01953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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