Recent advances in the analysis of respirable coal dust for free silica, trace elements, and organic constituents

Coal mine workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP): in vitro study of the release of organic compounds from coal mine dust in the presence of physiological fluids

Solvents like dichloromethane generally are used to yield exhausted extraction amounts of the organic compounds in coals. Leaching of coal mine dust by dichloromethane yields extracts with comparable amounts of alkanes, aromatics, and phenolic compounds. Dominantly phenolic compounds are leached from coal mine dust by aqueous solutions saturated in lecithin because of their high water solubility. High concentrations of phenolic compounds can be extracted from coal mine dust generated from low-rank coals. Phenolic compounds leached by fluids adapted to physiological conditions correlate with high cytotoxicities of the dust from low-rank coals. Adaptation of leaching fluids to physiological conditions allows a more realistic estimation of experiments. Coal mine dust with varying coal content of different ranks can be seen as a parameter reinforcing the cytotoxic potential of coal mine dust.