Rocha JR, Passetto MDF, Maldonado-Menetti JDS, Cabral ALB, Toledo CABD, Koike M. Pigeon as a model to study peripheral projections from the horizontal semicircular canal vestibular apparatus to a brainstem target immunoreactive for AMPA.
Acta Cir Bras 2022;
36:e361206. [PMID:
35019066 PMCID:
PMC8734960 DOI:
10.1590/acb361206]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose:
To evaluate whether the pigeon (Columba livia) is a good
model for evaluating the vestibular system involved with postural
maintenance during movement.
Methods:
This study maps the brainstem targets of the horizontal ampullary inputs from
the vestibular periphery of the pigeon. We used biotin dextran amine (BDA)
injection in horizontal semicircular canal (HSCC), immunohistochemistry for
GluR2/3 and GluR4 AMPA and computerized histomorphology reconstruction.
Results:
Our results show the same distribution pattern with ipsilateral projections
to vestibular nuclear complex (VNC) from the HSCC, with the majority of
labeled fibers being, long, thin, with few varicosities and many
ramifications. Horizontal semicircular canal projections achieve neurons
belonging to all nuclei of the VNC with exception of dorsal portion of
lateral vestibular nucleus and this area express GluR2/3 and GluR4 AMPA
receptors reinforcing the idea of glutamate participation in these
connections.
Conclusions:
Pigeon is an appropriated experimental model to study of projections of HSCC
and reinforcing the information that the vestibular system has strong
relation with the fast responses necessary for postural control. Moreover,
its phylogenetic organization apparently conservation, also seems to be a
fundamental characteristic for vertebrates.
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