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Mok MY, Law KS, Kong WY, Luo CY, Asfaw ET, Chan KW, Huang FP, Lau CS, Chan GCF. Interleukin-33 Ameliorates Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Is Associated with Induction of M2 Macrophage Polarisation and Regulatory T Cells. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:485-498. [PMID: 36889298 PMCID: PMC10134067 DOI: 10.1159/000529931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate cytokine IL-33 is increasingly recognised to possess biological effects on various immune cells. We have previously demonstrated elevated serum level of soluble ST2 in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus suggesting involvement of IL-33 and its receptor in the lupus pathogenesis. This study sought to examine the effect of exogenous IL-33 on disease activity of pre-disease lupus-prone mice and the underlying cellular mechanisms. Recombinant IL-33 was administered to MRL/lpr mice for 6 weeks, whereas control group received phosphate-buffered saline. IL-33-treated mice displayed less proteinuria, renal histological inflammatory changes, and had lower serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α. Renal tissue and splenic CD11b+ extracts showed features of M2 polarisation with elevated mRNA expression of Arg1, FIZZI, and reduced iNOS. These mice also had increased IL-13, ST2, Gata3, and Foxp3 mRNA expression in renal and splenic tissues. Kidneys of these mice displayed less CD11b+ infiltration, had downregulated MCP-1, and increased infiltration of Foxp3-expressing cells. Splenic CD4+ T cells showed increased ST2-expressing CD4+Foxp3+ population and reduced IFN-γ+ population. There were no differences in serum anti-dsDNA antibodies and renal C3 and IgG2a deposit in these mice. Exogenous IL-33 was found to ameliorate disease activity in lupus-prone mice with induction of M2 polarisation, Th2 response, and expansion of regulatory T cells. IL-33 likely orchestrated autoregulation of these cells through upregulation of ST2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yin Mok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Sin Law
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Yin Kong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cai Yun Luo
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Endale T. Asfaw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Wah Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fang Ping Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chak Sing Lau
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Wu CY, Hua KF, Chu CL, Yang SR, Arbiser JL, Yang SS, Lin YC, Liu FC, Yang SM, Ka SM, Chen A. Tris DBA Ameliorates Accelerated and Severe Lupus Nephritis in Mice by Activating Regulatory T Cells and Autophagy and Inhibiting the NLRP3 Inflammasome. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1448-1461. [PMID: 32060137 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (Tris DBA), a small-molecule palladium complex, has been shown to inhibit cell growth and proliferation in pancreatic cancer, lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma. In the current study, we examined the therapeutic effects of Tris DBA on glomerular cell proliferation, renal inflammation, and immune cells. Treatment of accelerated and severe lupus nephritis (ASLN) mice with Tris DBA resulted in improved renal function, albuminuria, and pathology, including measurements of glomerular cell proliferation, cellular crescents, neutrophils, fibrinoid necrosis, and tubulointerstitial inflammation in the kidneys as well as scoring for glomerulonephritis activity. The treated ASLN mice also showed significantly decreased glomerular IgG, IgM, and C3 deposits. Furthermore, the compound was able to 1) inhibit bone marrow-derived dendritic cell-mediated T cell functions and reduce serum anti-dsDNA autoantibody levels; 2) differentially regulate autophagy and both the priming and activation signals of the NLRP3 inflammasome; and 3) suppress the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Tris DBA improved ASLN in mice through immunoregulation by blunting the MAPK (ERK, JNK)-mediated priming signal of the NLRP3 inflammasome and by regulating the autophagy/NLRP3 inflammasome axis. These results suggest that the pure compound may be a drug candidate for treating the accelerated and deteriorated type of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yao Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114
| | - Kuo-Feng Hua
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan 260
| | - Ching-Liang Chu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan 106;
| | - Shin-Ruen Yang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.,Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033
| | - Sung-Sen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114;
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114
| | - Feng-Cheng Liu
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114
| | - Shun-Min Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 114
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114; and
| | - Ann Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114; .,Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114
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3
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Exploring the etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus: a genetic perspective. Immunogenetics 2019; 71:283-297. [DOI: 10.1007/s00251-019-01103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
As potent antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) comprise the most heterogeneous cell population with significant cellular phenotypic and functional plasticity. They form a sentinel network to modulate immune responses, since intrinsic cellular mechanisms and complex external, environmental signals endow DCs with the distinct capacity to induce protective immunity or tolerance to self. Interactions between DCs and other cells of the immune system mediate this response. This interactive response depends on DC maturation status and subtype, as well as the microenvironment of the tissue location and DC-intrinsic regulators. Dysregulated DCs can initiate and perpetuate various immune disorders, which creates attractive therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide a detailed outlook on DC ontogeny and functional specialization. We highlight recent advances on the regulatory role that DCs play in immune responses, the putative molecular regulators that control DC functional responding and the contribution of DCs to inflammatory disease physiopathology.
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Growth Factor Midkine Promotes T-Cell Activation through Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Signaling and Th1 Cell Differentiation in Lupus Nephritis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:740-751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Coutant F, Miossec P. Altered dendritic cell functions in autoimmune diseases: distinct and overlapping profiles. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:703-715. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Fractalkine-CX3CR1-dependent recruitment and retention of human CD1c+ myeloid dendritic cells by in vitro-activated proximal tubular epithelial cells. Kidney Int 2015; 87:1153-63. [PMID: 25587706 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines play pivotal roles in tissue recruitment and retention of leukocytes, with CX3CR1 recently identified as a chemokine receptor that selectively targets mouse kidney dendritic cells (DCs). We have previously demonstrated increased tubulointerstitial recruitment of human transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-producing DCs in renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, little is known about the mechanism of human DC recruitment and retention within the renal interstitium. We identified CD1c+ DCs as the predominant source of profibrotic TGF-β and highest expressors of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 within the renal DC compartment. Immunohistochemical analysis of diseased human kidney biopsies showed colocalization of CD1c+ DCs with fractalkine-positive proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). Human primary PTEC activation with interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α induced both secreted and surface fractalkine expression. In line with this, we found fractalkine-dependent chemotaxis of CD1c+ DCs to supernatant from activated PTECs. Finally, in comparison with unactivated PTECs, we showed significantly increased adhesion of CD1c+ DCs to activated PTECs via a fractalkine-dependent mechanism. Thus, TGF-β-producing CD1c+ DCs are recruited and retained in the renal tubulointerstitium by PTEC-derived fractalkine. These cells are then positioned to play a role in the development of fibrosis and progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Chen T, Cao Q, Wang Y, Harris D. The Role of Dendritic Cells in Renal Inflammation. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-014-0059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rogers NM, Ferenbach DA, Isenberg JS, Thomson AW, Hughes J. Dendritic cells and macrophages in the kidney: a spectrum of good and evil. Nat Rev Nephrol 2014; 10:625-43. [PMID: 25266210 PMCID: PMC4922410 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2014.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages represent a constitutive, extensive and contiguous network of innate immune cells that provide sentinel and immune-intelligence activity; they induce and regulate inflammatory responses to freely filtered antigenic material and protect the kidney from infection. Tissue-resident or infiltrating DCs and macrophages are key factors in the initiation and propagation of renal disease, as well as essential contributors to subsequent tissue regeneration, regardless of the aetiological and pathogenetic mechanisms. The identification, and functional and phenotypic distinction of these cell types is complex and incompletely understood, and the same is true of their interplay and relationships with effector and regulatory cells of the adaptive immune system. In this Review, we discuss the common and distinct characteristics of DCs and macrophages, as well as key advances that have identified the renal-specific functions of these important phagocytic, antigen-presenting cells, and their roles in potentiating or mitigating intrinsic kidney disease. We also identify remaining issues that are of priority for further investigation, and highlight the prospects for translational and therapeutic application of the knowledge acquired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha M Rogers
- Vascular Medicine Institute and Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1544 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - David A Ferenbach
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- Vascular Medicine Institute and Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1544 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Vascular Medicine Institute and Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1544 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jeremy Hughes
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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The fungal lactone oxacyclododecindione is a potential new therapeutic substance in the treatment of lupus-associated kidney disease. Kidney Int 2014; 86:780-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Li Y, Li W, Liu C, Yan M, Raman I, Du Y, Fang X, Zhou XJ, Mohan C, Li QZ. Delivering Oxidation Resistance-1 (OXR1) to Mouse Kidney by Genetic Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibited Enhanced Protection against Nephrotoxic Serum Induced Renal Injury and Lupus Nephritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4. [PMID: 25995969 PMCID: PMC4435960 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7633.1000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of oxidation resistance 1 (OXR1) gene. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in pathogenesis of immune-mediated nephritis. Recently we identified oxidation resistance 1 (OXR1) is conventionally expressed in eukaryotes and has an ability to prevent oxidative damage caused by various oxidative stresses. However the protective effect of OXR1 in immune-associated inflammatory response and oxidative damage is not clear and will be investigated in this study. METHODS We utilized mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as vehicles to carry OXR1 into the injured kidneys of nephritis model mice and investigated the influence of OXR1 on glomerulonephritis. Human OXR1 gene was integrated into genome of MSCs via lentiviral vector, and established hOXR1-MSC cell line which still maintains the differentiation property. 129/svj mice with anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) challenge and spontaneous lupus mice B6.Sle1.Sle2.Sle3 were injected with hOXR1-MSCs (i.v. injection) to evaluate the function of hOXR1. Immunohistochemistry was used to appraise the renal pathology and Tunel staining was applied to detect cell apoptosis. RESULTS Compared with control mice, hOXR1-MSCs administration showed significantly decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), proteinuria and ameliorated renal pathological damage. hOXR1-MSCs transplantation significantly reduced macrophage and T lymphocyte infiltration by inhibiting the expression of CCL2, CCL7, IL-1β, IL-6 and NFκB in mouse kidney. Moreover, hOXR1-MSCs prevented hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and its implantation reduced nitric oxide (NO) in mouse serum and urine to inhibit tubular cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION OXR1-MSCs transplantation may exert a certain protective effect on nephritis by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Li
- Laboratory of Disease Genomics and Individualized Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China ; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine & Life Science, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Chu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine & Life Science, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Mei Yan
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Indu Raman
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yong Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Xiangdong Fang
- Laboratory of Disease Genomics and Individualized Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin J Zhou
- Renal Path Diagnostics, Pathologist BioMedical Laboratories, Lewisville, TX, 75067, USA
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine & Life Science, Wenzhou, 325035, China ; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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Kassianos AJ, Wang X, Sampangi S, Muczynski K, Healy H, Wilkinson R. Increased tubulointerstitial recruitment of human CD141(hi) CLEC9A(+) and CD1c(+) myeloid dendritic cell subsets in renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 305:F1391-401. [PMID: 24049150 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00318.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in immune-mediated kidney diseases. Little is known, however, about DC subsets in human chronic kidney disease, with previous studies restricted to a limited set of pathologies and to using immunohistochemical methods. In this study, we developed novel protocols for extracting renal DC subsets from diseased human kidneys and identified, enumerated, and phenotyped them by multicolor flow cytometry. We detected significantly greater numbers of total DCs as well as CD141(hi) and CD1c(+) myeloid DC (mDCs) subsets in diseased biopsies with interstitial fibrosis than diseased biopsies without fibrosis or healthy kidney tissue. In contrast, plasmacytoid DC numbers were significantly higher in the fibrotic group compared with healthy tissue only. Numbers of all DC subsets correlated with loss of kidney function, recorded as estimated glomerular filtration rate. CD141(hi) DCs expressed C-type lectin domain family 9 member A (CLEC9A), whereas the majority of CD1c(+) DCs lacked the expression of CD1a and DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), suggesting these mDC subsets may be circulating CD141(hi) and CD1c(+) blood DCs infiltrating kidney tissue. Our analysis revealed CLEC9A(+) and CD1c(+) cells were restricted to the tubulointerstitium. Notably, DC expression of the costimulatory and maturation molecule CD86 was significantly increased in both diseased cohorts compared with healthy tissue. Transforming growth factor-β levels in dissociated tissue supernatants were significantly elevated in diseased biopsies with fibrosis compared with nonfibrotic biopsies, with mDCs identified as a major source of this profibrotic cytokine. Collectively, our data indicate that activated mDC subsets, likely recruited into the tubulointerstitium, are positioned to play a role in the development of fibrosis and, thus, progression to chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kassianos
- Conjoint Kidney Research Laboratory, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Level 9, Bancroft Centre, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia.
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Teteris SA, Hochheiser K, Kurts C. Isolation of functional dendritic cells from murine kidneys for immunological characterization. Nephrology (Carlton) 2012; 17:364-71. [PMID: 22320441 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The kidney is a complex organ, requiring the contributions of multiple cell types to perform its various functions. Within this system the dendritic cell has been demonstrated to play a key role in maintaining the immunological balance of the kidney. In this methods paper we aim to identify the best method for isolating murine renal dendritic cells. METHODS The efficiency of isolating dendritic cells from enzymatically digested renal parenchyma by density centrifugation, MACS and FACS was compared. RESULTS Density centrifugation enriched dendritic cells by only approximately two fold. However, MACS and FACS resulted in a much higher purity (80% versus 95% respectively). CONCLUSIONS Although FACS gave the highest purity, MACS is the optimal method for isolating dendritic cells given cost and time factors. Isolation of a homogeneous population of renal dendritic cells will enable the molecular and functional dissection of these cells in both homeostasis and disease models.
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Tsai PY, Ka SM, Chang JM, Lai JH, Dai MS, Jheng HL, Kuo MT, Chen P, Chen A. Antroquinonol differentially modulates T cell activity and reduces interleukin-18 production, but enhances Nrf2 activation, in murine accelerated severe lupus nephritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:232-42. [PMID: 21905011 DOI: 10.1002/art.33328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accelerated severe lupus nephritis (ASLN), with an acute onset of severe clinical manifestations and histopathologic renal lesions, may represent transformation of mild LN to a severe form of glomerulonephritis. Abnormal activation of T and B cells and/or oxidative stress may play a major role in the pathogenesis of ASLN. This study tested the hypothesis that antroquinonol, a purified compound and major effective component of Antrodia camphorata with antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities, might prevent the transformation of mild LN into higher-grade (severe) nephritis in a murine lupus model. METHODS Experimental ASLN was induced in (NZB×NZW)F1 mice by twice weekly intraperitoneal injections of Salmonella-type lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Starting 2 days after the first dose of LPS, mice were treated daily with antroquinonol, administered by gavage, for different durations up to 5 weeks. RESULTS Antroquinonol administration significantly ameliorated the proteinuria, hematuria, impairment of renal function, and development of severe renal lesions, especially cellular crescent formation, neutrophil infiltration, fibrinoid necrosis, and T cell proliferation in the glomerulus, as well as periglomerular interstitial inflammation. Mechanistic analyses revealed that antroquinonol 1) inhibited T cell activation/proliferation, but enhanced Treg cell suppression and reduced renal production of interleukin-18 (IL-18); 2) inhibited production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, but increased activation of Nrf2 in the kidney; and 3) suppressed renal inflammation via blocking of NF-κB activation. CONCLUSION Antroquinonol may have therapeutic potential for the early treatment of ASLN via its differential regulation of T cell function and lowering of IL-18 production, but also via the promotion of Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, and Development Center for Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lindenmeyer M, Noessner E, Nelson PJ, Segerer S. Dendritic cells in experimental renal inflammation--Part I. Nephron Clin Pract 2011; 119:e83-90. [PMID: 22133868 DOI: 10.1159/000332029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are bone marrow-derived professional antigen-presenting cells that act as master regulators of acquired and innate immune responses. While descriptions of cells with dendritic morphology in rodent kidneys date back to the early 1970s, a network of DCs in the mouse kidney has only recently been described. DCs acquire distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics depending on the microenvironment and the disease stages. Concomitantly, their communication with cells of the adaptive immunity might have tissue-protective or tissue-deleterious consequences. This review summarizes results from recent studies on the role of DCs in experimental renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Lindenmeyer
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, and Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Teteris SA, Engel DR, Kurts C. Homeostatic and pathogenic role of renal dendritic cells. Kidney Int 2011; 80:139-45. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2011.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Tsai PY, Ka SM, Chang JM, Chang WL, Huang YJ, Hung LM, Jheng HL, Wu RY, Chen A. Therapeutic potential of DCB-SLE1, an extract of a mixture of Chinese medicinal herbs, for severe lupus nephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 301:F751-64. [PMID: 21677146 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00706.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of lupus nephritis is mainly attributable to a complex interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems, including T and B cell function abnormalities. In addition to autoantibody production and immune complex deposition, Th1 and Th17 cytokines may play key roles in the development and progression of lupus nephritis. Acute onset of severe lupus nephritis remains a challenge in terms of prevention and treatment. In the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of DCB-SLE1, an extract of a mixture of four traditional Chinese medicinal herbs (Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma, Eucommiae cortex, Lonicerae caulis, and Hedyotidis diffusae Herba), on an accelerated severe lupus nephritis model, characterized by acute onset of proteinuria, azotemia, autoantibody production, and development of severe nephritis, induced by twice weekly injection of New Zealand black/white F1 mice with Salmonella-type lipopolysaccharide. DCB-SLE1 was administered daily by gavage starting 2 days after the first dose of induction of lipopolysaccharide, and the mice were euthanized at week 1 or week 5. The results showed that DCB-SLE1 significantly ameliorated the hematuria, proteinuria, renal dysfunction, and severe renal lesions by 1) suppression of B cell activation and decreased autoantibody production; 2) negative regulation of T cell activation/proliferation and natural killer cell activity; 3) suppression of IL-18, IL-6, and IL-17 production and blocking of NF-κB activation in the kidney; and 4) prevention of lymphoid and renal apoptosis. These results show that DCB-SLE1 can protect the kidney from autoimmune response-mediated acute and severe damage through systemic immune modulation and anti-inflammation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Adhya Z, Borozdenkova S, Karim MY. The role of cytokines as biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26:3273-80. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfq860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Moreth K, Brodbeck R, Babelova A, Gretz N, Spieker T, Zeng-Brouwers J, Pfeilschifter J, Young MF, Schaefer RM, Schaefer L. The proteoglycan biglycan regulates expression of the B cell chemoattractant CXCL13 and aggravates murine lupus nephritis. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:4251-72. [PMID: 21084753 DOI: 10.1172/jci42213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL13 is a key B cell chemoattractant and marker of disease activity in patients with SLE; however, the mechanism of its induction has not been identified yet. Here, we have shown that the proteoglycan biglycan triggers CXCL13 expression via TLR2/4 in macrophages and dendritic cells. In vivo, levels of biglycan were markedly elevated in the plasma and kidneys of human SLE patients and lupus-prone (MRL/lpr) mice. Overexpression of soluble biglycan in MRL/lpr mice raised plasma and renal levels of CXCL13 and caused accumulation of B cells with an enhanced B1/B cell ratio in the kidney, worsening of organ damage, and albuminuria. Importantly, biglycan also triggered CXCL13 expression and B cell infiltration in the healthy kidney. Conversely, biglycan deficiency improved systemic and renal outcome in lupus-prone mice, with lower levels of autoantibodies, less enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes, and reduction in renal damage and albuminuria. This correlated with a marked decline in circulating and renal CXCL13 and a reduction in the number of B cells in the kidney. Collectively, our results describe what we believe to be a novel mechanism for the regulation of CXCL13 by biglycan, a host-derived ligand for TLR2/4. Blocking biglycan-TLR2/4 interactions might be a promising strategy for the management of SLE and other B cell-mediated inflammatory disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Moreth
- 1Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie/ZAFES, Klinikum der JW Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Hochheiser K, Tittel A, Kurts C. Kidney dendritic cells in acute and chronic renal disease. Int J Exp Pathol 2010; 92:193-201. [PMID: 20681979 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2010.00728.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells are not only the master regulators of adaptive immunity, but also participate profoundly in innate immune responses. Much has been learned about their basic immunological functions and their roles in various diseases. Comparatively little is still known about their role in renal disease, despite their obvious potential to affect immune responses in the kidney, and immune responses that are directed against renal components. Kidney dendritic cells form an abundant network in the renal tubulointerstitium and constantly survey the environment for signs of injury or infection, in order to alert the immune system to the need to initiate defensive action. Recent studies have identified a role for dendritic cells in several murine models of acute renal injury and chronic nephritis. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the role of kidney dendritic cells that has been obtained from the study of murine models of renal disease.
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Cytokine overproduction, T-cell activation, and defective T-regulatory functions promote nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:457146. [PMID: 20671931 PMCID: PMC2910555 DOI: 10.1155/2010/457146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) occurs in more than one-third of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Its pathogenesis is mostly attributable to the glomerular deposition of immune complexes and overproduction of T helper- (Th-) 1 cytokines. In this context, the high glomerular expression of IL-12 and IL-18 exerts a major pathogenetic role. These cytokines are locally produced by both macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) which attract other inflammatory cells leading to maintenance of the kidney inflammation. However, other populations including T-cells and B-cells are integral for the development and worsening of renal damage. T-cells include many pathogenetic subsets, and the activation of Th-17 in keeping with defective T-regulatory (Treg) cell function regards as further event contributing to the glomerular damage. These populations also activate B-cells to produce nephritogenic auto-antibodies. Thus, LN includes a complex pathogenetic mechanism that involves different players and the evaluation of their activity may provide an effective tool for monitoring the onset of the disease.
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Cytokine networks in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:676284. [PMID: 20414360 PMCID: PMC2857803 DOI: 10.1155/2010/676284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease more prominent in women and characterized by multiple organ damage. Imbalance in cytokine production and cytokine levels correlates with SLE progression, making the understanding of SLE cytokine networks very important for SLE treatment strategy and drug development. In this article, we review cytokine networks that may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE by briefly describing abnormal cytokine production and serum cytokine levels in SLE patients. We also focus on the pathological roles of cytokines and their interactions in immunoregulatory networks and suggest how their disturbances may implicate in pathological conditions in SLE. Finally, we further discuss the influence of estrogen on these cytokine networks.
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