A 10-month-old boy with a large pineal tumor

Pineal anlage tumor: clinical and diagnostic features, and rationales for treatment

PURPOSE

To provide a treatment-focused review and develop basic treatment guidelines for patients diagnosed with pineal anlage tumor (PAT).

METHODS

Prospectively collected data of three patients with pineal anlage tumor from Germany was combined with clinical details and treatment information from 17 published cases.

RESULTS

Overall, 20 cases of PAT were identified (3 not previously reported German cases, 17 cases from published reports). Age at diagnosis ranged from 0.3 to 35.0 (median: 3.2 ± 7.8) years. All but three cases were diagnosed before the age of three years. For three cases, metastatic disease at initial staging was described. All patients underwent tumor surgery (gross-total resection: 9, subtotal resection/biopsy: 9, extent of resection unknown: 2). 15/20 patients were alive at last follow-up. Median follow-up for 10/15 surviving patients with available follow-up and treatment data was 2.4 years (0.3-6.5). Relapse was reported for 3 patients within 0.8 years after diagnosis. Five patients died, 3 after relapse and 2 from early postoperative complications. Two-year-progression-free- and -overall survival were 65.2 ± 12.7% and 49.2 ± 18.2%, respectively. All 4 patients who received intensive chemotherapy including high-dose chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (2 focal, 2 craniospinal [CSI]) had no recurrence. Focal radiotherapy- and CSI-free survival rates in 13 evaluable patients were 46.2% (6/13) and 61.5% (8/13), respectively.

CONCLUSION

PAT is an aggressive disease mostly affecting young children. Therefore, adjuvant therapy using intensive chemotherapy and considering radiotherapy appears to comprise an appropriate treatment strategy. Reporting further cases is crucial to evaluate distinct treatment strategies.

Pineal anlage tumor: a case report and the literature review

PURPOSE

Pineal anlage tumor is an extremely rare tumor which was considered as a subtype of pineovlatoma with an overall poor prognosis. This case-based review further summarize the clinical profile.

METHODS

A patient with pineal anlage tumor was reported, her clinical data and gene analysis results were recorded.

RESULTS

An 8-month-old girl, with an obvious enhancing pineal occupancy and obstructive hydrocephalus. Her histological and immunohistochemical findings contained rhabdomyoblastic, melanin pigment and cartilage island. The wholeexpme sequencing and genome-wide copy number variation sequencing were performed, no mutations associated with pineoblatoma as well as copy number variants were identified. In terms of treatment, our patient underwent subtotal resection without radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and the residual tumor enlarged 4 months after surgery. We have followed her up for 10 months, and the child is still alive.

CONCLUSION

Surgery combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy is still the best treatment currently,and genetic testing for patients is necessary.

Pineal anlage tumor: a case report and review of the literature

PURPOSE

Pineal anlage tumors (PAT) are extremely rare malignant tumors in the pediatric population considered to be a variant of pineoblastomas. These tumors are characterized by a combination of neuroectodermal and heterologous ectomesenchymal components. PAT can be clinically aggressive and has a propensity to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dissemination. So far, only 13 cases of these tumors have been reported in the literature.

CASE ARTICLE

In this article, we report the case of an anlage tumor in a 3-year-old girl with a rapidly aggressive course.

An unusual variant of anlage tumor of pineal region in an infant

A 9-month-old male child was brought with complaints of increasing head size for 2 months, increasing lethargy and vomiting for the last 2 days. Radiology revealed a heterogeneously enhancing, globular lesion in the pineal region with hydrocephalus. Near total excision of the tumor was carried out. The histopathological examination of the lesion showed heterogenous elements in the form of mature neuroepithelial and ectomesenchymal tissue. The pathology and radiology of this unusual lesion is discussed with relevant review of literature.

Pineal anlage tumour - a rare entity with divergent histology

Pineal anlage tumour is a rare tumour of the pineal gland that is not listed in the 2007 World Health Organization classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Pineal anlage has been defined as a primary pineal tumour with both neuroepithelial and ectomesenchymal differentiation but without endodermal differentiation. We report a pineal anlage tumour in a 4-month-old boy, the youngest patient reported with this rare tumour, with a brief review of the literature. Clinicians and neuropathologists should be aware of this entity as it is likely to be misdiagnosed as a teratoma or a melanocytic tumour of the central nervous system.

Pineal anlage tumor in a 5-month-old boy

Pineal tumors are rare neoplasms that are categorized into pineoblastomas, pineocytomas, and pineal parenchymal tumors of intermediate differentiation. Pineal anlage tumors are primary pineal tumors with neuroepithelial and ectomesenchymal differentiation and without endodermal differentiation. The authors review the literature and report the case of a 5-month-old boy with a pineal anlage tumor. This is only the sixth case of a pineal anlage tumor reported in the English-language literature adding to the understanding of this tumor's presentation, immunomorphological and molecular characteristics, embryological origin, radiological appearance, treatment outcome, and prognosis.

Review of Pineal Anlage Tumor With Divergent Histology

Pineal anlage tumor is an extremely rare tumor that is not listed in the 2000 World Health Organization Classification of nervous system tumors. It has been defined as a primary pineal tumor with both neuroepithelial and ectomesenchymal differentiation and without endodermal differentiation. We review the literature on this tumor, including the clinical presentation, gross pathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, differential diagnosis, and prognosis.