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de Morais EF, de Oliveira LQR, de Farias Morais HG, de Souto Medeiros MR, Freitas RDA, Rodini CO, Coletta RD. The Anticancer Potential of Kaempferol: A Systematic Review Based on In Vitro Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:585. [PMID: 38339336 PMCID: PMC10854650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the heterogeneity of different malignant processes, planning cancer treatment is challenging. According to recent studies, natural products are likely to be effective in cancer prevention and treatment. Among bioactive flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables, kaempferol (KMP) is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. This systematic review aims to highlight the potential therapeutic effects of KMP on different types of solid malignant tumors. This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches were performed in EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar. After the application of study criteria, 64 studies were included. In vitro experiments demonstrated that KMP exerts antitumor effects by controlling tumor cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, as well as by inhibiting angiogenesis. KMP was also able to inhibit important markers that regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition and enhanced the sensitivity of cancer cells to traditional drugs used in chemotherapy, including cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. This flavonoid is a promising therapeutic compound and its combination with current anticancer agents, including targeted drugs, may potentially produce more effective and predictable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everton Freitas de Morais
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-018, SP, Brazil; (E.F.d.M.); (L.Q.R.d.O.)
| | - Lilianny Querino Rocha de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-018, SP, Brazil; (E.F.d.M.); (L.Q.R.d.O.)
| | - Hannah Gil de Farias Morais
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59000-000, RN, Brazil; (H.G.d.F.M.); (M.R.d.S.M.); (R.d.A.F.)
| | - Maurília Raquel de Souto Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59000-000, RN, Brazil; (H.G.d.F.M.); (M.R.d.S.M.); (R.d.A.F.)
| | - Roseana de Almeida Freitas
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59000-000, RN, Brazil; (H.G.d.F.M.); (M.R.d.S.M.); (R.d.A.F.)
| | - Camila Oliveira Rodini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-018, SP, Brazil; (E.F.d.M.); (L.Q.R.d.O.)
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Imran M, Insaf A, Hasan N, Sugandhi VV, Shrestha D, Paudel KR, Jha SK, Hansbro PM, Dua K, Devkota HP, Mohammed Y. Exploring the Remarkable Chemotherapeutic Potential of Polyphenolic Antioxidants in Battling Various Forms of Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083475. [PMID: 37110709 PMCID: PMC10142939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived compounds, specifically antioxidants, have played an important role in scavenging the free radicals present under diseased conditions. The persistent generation of free radicals in the body leads to inflammation and can result in even more severe diseases such as cancer. Notably, the antioxidant potential of various plant-derived compounds prevents and deregulates the formation of radicals by initiating their decomposition. There is a vast literature demonstrating antioxidant compounds' anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer potential. This review describes the molecular mechanism of various flavonoids, such as quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate, against different cancers. Additionally, the pharmaceutical application of these flavonoids against different cancers using nanotechnologies such as polymeric, lipid-based nanoparticles (solid-lipid and liquid-lipid), liposomes, and metallic nanocarriers is addressed. Finally, combination therapies in which these flavonoids are employed along with other anti-cancer agents are described, indicating the effective therapies for the management of various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran
- Therapeutics Research Group, Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Areeba Insaf
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Nazeer Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Vrushabh V Sugandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad 431001, India
| | - Deumaya Shrestha
- Department of Bioscience, Mokp o National University, Muna 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre of Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Saurav Kumar Jha
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, Mokpo National University, Muna 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre of Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Pharmacy Program, Gandaki University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Therapeutics Research Group, Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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3
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Pearce K, Thipe VC, Henkel RR, Katti KV. Green Nanotechnology as an innovative drug delivery approach for Typha capensis and Naringenin—New class of phytochemical embedded biocompatible gold nanoparticles in prostate cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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4
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Hosseini SS, Ebrahimi SO, Haji Ghasem Kashani M, Reiisi S. Study of quercetin and fisetin synergistic effect on breast cancer and potentially involved signaling pathways. Cell Biol Int 2022; 47:98-109. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Saba Hosseini
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biology and Institute of Biological Sciences Damghan University Damghan Iran
| | - Seyed Omar Ebrahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord Iran
| | - Maryam Haji Ghasem Kashani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biology and Institute of Biological Sciences Damghan University Damghan Iran
| | - Somayeh Reiisi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord Iran
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Synergism Potentiates Oxidative Antiproliferative Effects of Naringenin and Quercetin in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163437. [PMID: 36014942 PMCID: PMC9412616 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer as of 2020. Quercetin (Que) and Naringenin (Nar) are predominantly found in citrus fruits and vegetables and have shown promising antiproliferative effects in multiple studies. It is also known that the bioactive effects of these flavonoids are more pronounced in whole fruit than in isolation. This study investigates the potential synergistic effects of Que and Nar (CoQN) in MCF-7 BC cells. MCF-7 cells were treated with a range of concentrations of Que, Nar or CoQN to determine cell viability. The IC50 of CoQN was then used to investigate caspase 3/7 activity, Bcl-2 gene expression, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential to evaluate oxidative stress and apoptosis. CoQN treatment produced significant cytotoxicity, reduced Bcl-2 gene expression and increased caspase 3/7 activity compared to either Nar or Que. Furthermore, CoQN significantly increased lipid peroxidation and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) compared to either Nar or Que. Therefore, CoQN treatment has potential pharmacological application in BC chemotherapy by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in MCF-7 BC cells. The results of this study support the increased consumption of whole fruits and vegetables to reduce cell proliferation in cancer.
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TOUL F, DJENDAR A, SELADJİ M, BERROUKECHE F. Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts from Algerian Bunium incrassatum seeds’. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1058060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Pawlak A, Henklewska M, Hernández-Suárez B, Siepka M, Gładkowski W, Wawrzeńczyk C, Motykiewicz-Pers K, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B. Methoxy-Substituted γ-Oxa-ε-Lactones Derived from Flavanones-Comparison of Their Anti-Tumor Activity In Vitro. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206295. [PMID: 34684875 PMCID: PMC8538229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The study investigated four flavanone-derived γ-oxa-ε-lactones: a parent unsubstituted compound and its three derivatives with the methoxy group in positions 2′, 4′ and 8. Our objective was to find out if the introduction of the methoxy group into the aromatic ring affects in vitro anti-tumor potency of the investigated lactones. Methods: Cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects were assessed with cytometric tests with propidium iodide, annexin V, and Western blot techniques. We also investigated potential synergistic potency of the tested lactones and glucocorticoids in canine lymphoma/leukemia cell lines. Results: The tested flavanone-derived lactones showed anti-cancer activity in vitro. Depending on its location, the methoxy group either increased or decreased cytotoxicity of the derivatives as compared with the parent compound. The most potent lactone was the one with the methoxy group at position 4′ of the B ring (compound 3), and the weakest activity was observed when the group was located at C-8 in the A ring. A combination of the lactones with glucocorticoids confirmed their synergy in anti-tumor activity in vitro. Conclusions: Methoxy-substituted flavanone-derived lactones effectively kill canine lymphoma/leukemia cells in vitro and, thanks to their synergistic action with glucocorticoids, may potentially be applied in the treatment of hematopoietic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.H.); (B.H.-S.); (K.M.-P.); (B.O.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marta Henklewska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.H.); (B.H.-S.); (K.M.-P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Beatriz Hernández-Suárez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.H.); (B.H.-S.); (K.M.-P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Monika Siepka
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.S.); (W.G.); (C.W.)
| | - Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.S.); (W.G.); (C.W.)
| | - Czesław Wawrzeńczyk
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.S.); (W.G.); (C.W.)
| | - Karolina Motykiewicz-Pers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.H.); (B.H.-S.); (K.M.-P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.H.); (B.H.-S.); (K.M.-P.); (B.O.-M.)
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Ozelin SD, Senedese JM, Alves JM, Munari CC, Costa JDCD, Resende FA, Campos DL, Lima IMDS, Andrade AF, Varanda EA, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. Preventive activity of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. leaves extract and its major compounds, afzelin and quercitrin, on DNA damage in in vitro and in vivo models. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:569-581. [PMID: 33730993 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1898505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. is a plant found in South America, especially in Brazil. Oleoresin and the leaves of this plant is used as a popular medicinal agent. However, few studies on the chemical composition of aerial parts and related biological activities are known. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and antigenotoxic potential of C. langsdorffii aerial parts hydroalcoholic extract (CLE) and two of its major compounds afzelin and quercitrin. The cytotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of CLE was determined as follows: 1) against genotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (DXR) or methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in V79 cells; 2) by direct and indirect-acting mutagens in Salmonella typhimurium strains; and 3) by MMS in male Swiss mice. The protective effects of afzelin and quercitrin against DXR or MMS were also evaluated in V79 and HepG2 cells. CLE was cytotoxic as evidenced by clonogenic efficiency assay. Further, CLE did not induce a significant change in frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei; as well as number of revertants in the Ames test demonstrating absence of genotoxicity. In contrast, CLE was found to be antigenotoxic in mammalian cells. The results also showed that CLE exerted inhibitory effect against indirect-acting mutagens in the Ames test. Afzelin and quercitrin did not reduce genotoxicity induced by DXR or MMS in V79 cells. However, treatments using afzelin and quercitrin decreased MMS-induced genotoxicity in HepG2 cells. The antigenotoxic effect of CLE observed in this study may be partially attributed to the antioxidant activity of the combination of major components afzelin and quercitrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulo Duarte Ozelin
- Laboratório De Mutagênese, Universidade De Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Flávia Aparecida Resende
- Faculdade De Ciências Farmacêuticas De Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Leite Campos
- Faculdade De Ciências Farmacêuticas De Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliana Aparecida Varanda
- Faculdade De Ciências Farmacêuticas De Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- Facudade De Ciências Farmacêuticas De Ribeirão Preto, Universidade De São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Su X, Xian C, Gao M, Liu G, Wu J. Edible Materials in Tissue Regeneration. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100114. [PMID: 34117831 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Edible materials have attracted increasing attention because of their excellent properties including availability, biocompatibility, biological activity, and biodegradability. Natural polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and proteins are widely used in tissue regeneration. To better characterize their healing effect, this review article describes the applications of edible materials in tissue regeneration including wound healing and bone tissue regeneration. As an introduction to the topic, their sources and main bioactive properties are discussed. Then, the mechanism by which they facilitate wound healing based on their hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties is systematically investigated. Moreover, a more comprehensive discussion is presented on the approaches by which edible materials can be used as scaffolds or agents for the provision of the components of natural bones for regulating the level of osteogenesis-related cytokines to enhance bone repair. Finally, the prospects of edible materials for tissue regeneration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Caihong Xian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Guiting Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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Ghanbari-Movahed M, Jackson G, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. A Systematic Review of the Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Naringin Against Human Malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639840. [PMID: 33854437 PMCID: PMC8039459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural product-based cancer preventive and therapeutic entities, such as flavonoids and their derivatives, are shown to have a noticeable capability to suppress tumor formation and cancer cell growth. Naringin, a natural flavanone glycoside present in various plant species, has been indicated to modulate different signaling pathways and interact with numerous cell signaling molecules, which allows for an extensive variety of pharmacological actions, such as amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic syndromes, bone disorders, and cancer. The purpose of this systematic review is to present a critical and comprehensive assessment of the antitumor ability of naringin and associated molecular targets in various cancers. Methods: Studies were identified through systematic searches of Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus as well as eligibility checks according to predefined selection criteria. Results: Eighty-seven studies were included in this systematic review. There was strong evidence for the association between treatment with naringin alone, or combined with other drugs and antitumor activity. Additionally, studies showed that naringin-metal complexes have greater anticancer effects compared to free naringin. It has been demonstrated that naringin employs multitargeted mechanisms to hamper cancer initiation, promotion, and progression through modulation of several dysregulated signaling cascades implicated in cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. Conclusion: The results of our work show that naringin is a promising candidate for cancer prevention and treatment, and might offer substantial support for the clinical application of this phytocompound in the future. Nevertheless, further preclinical and clinical studies as well as drug delivery approaches are needed for designing novel formulations of naringin to realize the full potential of this flavonoid in cancer prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghanbari-Movahed
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Gloria Jackson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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Loading of phenolic compounds into electrospun nanofibers and electrosprayed nanoparticles. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Rauca VF, Vlase L, Casian T, Sesarman A, Gheldiu AM, Mocan A, Banciu M, Toiu A. Biologically Active Ajuga Species Extracts Modulate Supportive Processes for Cancer Cell Development. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:334. [PMID: 31024305 PMCID: PMC6460044 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Backround:Ajuga species have been used in traditional medicine for their diuretic, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and hepatoprotective properties. Purpose: The phytochemical profile and anticancer potential of three Ajuga sp. (A. genevensis, A. chamaepitys, and A. laxmannii) from Romania was investigated. Materials and Methods: The phytochemicals were extracted from the aerial parts of Ajuga sp. by using different solvents and methods. The hydroalcoholic extracts were examined for total phenolic, flavonoid and iridoid contents, and HPLC/MS was used to analyze the polyphenolic compounds and iridoids. The phytochemical profile was also evaluated by principal component analysis in connection with antitumor efficacy of extracts. The antiproliferative potential was evaluated using the ELISA BrdU-colorimetric immunoassay. Western Blot with regard to inflammatory protein NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) p65 subunit expression in cell lysates was performed. Quantification of oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capability was assessed by measuring catalase activity and by evaluating the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of treated cells. Results:Ajuga laxmannii ethanol extract showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content, while A. genevensis ethanol extract was more abundant in iridoids. The overall cytostatic effect of the investigated plant extracts was exerted through strong inhibitory actions on NF-κB, the key molecule involved in the inflammatory response and via oxidative stress modulatory effects in both murine colon carcinoma and melanoma cell lines. Conclusion:Ajuga laxmannii showed the most significant antitumor activity and represents an important source of bioactive compounds, possibly an additional form of treatment alongside conventional anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin-Florian Rauca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Molecular Biology Centre, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tibor Casian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Sesarman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Molecular Biology Centre, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Gheldiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Manuela Banciu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Molecular Biology Centre, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Toiu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Gumushan Aktas H, Akgun T. Naringenin inhibits prostate cancer metastasis by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:770-775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Fernández-Pomares C, Juárez-Aguilar E, Domínguez-Ortiz MÁ, Gallegos-Estudillo J, Herrera-Covarrubias D, Sánchez-Medina A, Aranda-Abreu GE, Manzo J, Hernández ME. Hydroalcoholic extract of the widely used Mexican plant Justicia spicigera Schltdl. exerts a cytostatic effect on LNCaP prostate cancer cells. J Herb Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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15
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Flavonoids from Chinese bayberry leaves induced apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest via Erk pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 147:218-226. [PMID: 29438890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death related to the female reproductive system in western countries. Adverse side effects and resistance to platinum based chemotherapy have become the major obstacles for ovarian cancer treatment. Natural products have gained great attention in cancer treatment in recent years. Chinese bayberry leaves flavonoids (BLF) containing rich content of myricitrin (myricetin 3-O-rhamnoside) and a part of quercetrin (quercetin 3-rhamnoside) inhibited the growth of an ovarian cancer cell line A2780/CP70. Such inhibitory effects might be due to the induction of apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest. BLF treatment increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and -7 and induced apoptosis via a Erk-dependent caspase-9 activation intrinsic apoptotic pathway by up-regulating the pro-apoptotic proteins (Bad and Bax) and down-regulating the anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-xL and Bcl-2), which were also in consistency with the results from Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, by reducing the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and p-Erk, BLF elevated the distribution of G1 phase in cell cycle and thus caused G1 cell cycle arrest. Overall, these results indicated that BLPs could be a valuable resource of natural compound for ovarian cancer treatment.
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van Breda SGJ, de Kok TMCM. Smart Combinations of Bioactive Compounds in Fruits and Vegetables May Guide New Strategies for Personalized Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 29108107 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is ample scientific evidence suggesting that the health benefits of eating the right amounts of a variety of vegetables and fruit are the consequence of the combined action of different phytochemicals. The present review provides an update of the scientific literature on additive and synergistic effects of mixtures of phytochemicals. Most research has been carried out in in vitro systems in which synergistic or additive effects have been established on the level of cell proliferation, apoptosis, antioxidant capacity, and tumor incidence, accompanied by changes in gene and protein expression in relevant pathways underlying molecular mechanisms of disease prevention. The number of human dietary intervention studies investigating complex mixtures of phytochemicals is relatively small, but showing promising results. These studies have demonstrated that combining transcriptomic data with phenotypic markers provide insight into the relevant cellular processes which contribute to the antioxidant response of complex mixtures of phytochemicals. Future studies should be designed as short-term studies testing different combinations of vegetables and fruit, in which markers for disease outcome as well as molecular ('omics)-markers and genetic variability between subjects are included. This will create new opportunities for food innovation and the development of more personalized strategies for prevention of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone G J van Breda
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Theo M C M de Kok
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Lee HN, Shin SA, Choo GS, Kim HJ, Park YS, Kim BS, Kim SK, Cho SD, Nam JS, Choi CS, Che JH, Park BK, Jung JY. Anti‑inflammatory effect of quercetin and galangin in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and DNCB‑induced atopic dermatitis animal models. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:888-898. [PMID: 29207037 PMCID: PMC5752163 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonols are compounds that have been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory effects in cellular and animal models of inflammation. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of two natural flavonols, quercetin and galangin, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were investigated. It was identified that quercetin and galangin markedly reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase and interleukin-6, and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In addition, LPS-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was suppressed by quercetin and galangin. Taken together, these data implied that NF-κB, Erk1/2 and JNK may be potential molecular targets of quercetin and galangin in an LPS-induced inflammatory response. Subsequently, the effects of oral administration of quercetin or galangin, either alone or in combination, in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model were investigated. As a result, measurements of ear thickness and the levels of serum immunoglobulin E, and histological analysis revealed that the two flavonols led to a decrease in inflammation, whereas, in combination, they were even more effective. These results suggested that quercetin and galangin may be promising therapeutic agents for AD. Additionally, their combination may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Nim Lee
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ah Shin
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Sik Choo
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Jin Kim
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Park
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Soo Kim
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ki Kim
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Nam
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju 500712, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sun Choi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Chung‑Ang University, Ansung 456756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Che
- Biomedical Center for Animal Resource Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Kwon Park
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Youn Jung
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340702, Republic of Korea
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Phan MAT, Paterson J, Bucknall M, Arcot J. Interactions between phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables: Effects on bioactivities and bioavailability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1310-1329. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1254595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Anh Thu Phan
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janet Paterson
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Bucknall
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jayashree Arcot
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Kashyap D, Sharma A, Tuli HS, Sak K, Punia S, Mukherjee TK. Kaempferol - A dietary anticancer molecule with multiple mechanisms of action: Recent trends and advancements. J Funct Foods 2017; 30:203-219. [PMID: 32288791 PMCID: PMC7104980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of diet-based naturally bioactive metabolites is preferred to synthetic material in order to avert health-associated disorders. Among the plant-derived polyphenols, kaempferol (KMF) is considered as a valuable functional food ingredient with a broad range of therapeutic applications such as anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory uses. KMF acts on a range of intracellular as well as extracellular targets involved in the cell signaling pathways that in turn are known to regulate the hallmarks of cancer growth progressions like apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion or metastasis, angiogenesis and inflammation. Importantly, the understanding of mechanisms of action of KMF-mediated therapeutic effects may help the scientific community to design novel strategies for the treatment of dreadful diseases. The current review summarizes the various types of molecular targets of KMF in cancer cells as well as other health-associated disorders. In addition, this review also highlights the absorption, metabolism and epidemiological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Tikker - kharwarian, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | | | - Sandeep Punia
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Tapan K. Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
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Taxifolin synergizes Andrographolide-induced cell death by attenuation of autophagy and augmentation of caspase dependent and independent cell death in HeLa cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171325. [PMID: 28182713 PMCID: PMC5300218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide (Andro) has emerged recently as a potential and effective anticancer agent with induction of apoptosis in some cancer cell lines while induction of G2/M arrest with weak apoptosis in others. Few studies have proved that Andro is also effective in combination therapy. The flavonoid Taxifolin (Taxi) has showed anti-oxidant and antiproliferative effects against different cancer cells. Therefore, the present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of Andro alone or in combination with Taxi on HeLa cells. The combination of Andro with Taxi was synergistic at all tested concentrations and combination ratios. Andro alone induced caspase-dependent apoptosis which was enhanced by the combination with Taxi and attenuated partly by using Z-Vad-Fmk. Andro induced a protective reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent autophagy which was attenuated by Taxi. The activation of p53 was involved in Andro-induced autophagy where the use of Taxi or pifithrin-α (PFT-α) decreased it while the activation of JNK was involved in the cell death of HeLa cells but not in the induction of autophagy. The mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization (MOMP) plays an important role in Andro-induced cell death in HeLa cells. Andro alone increased the MOMP which was further increased in the case of combination. This led to the increase in AIF and cytochrome c release from mitochondria which consequently increased caspase-dependent and independent cell death. In conclusion, Andro induced a protective autophagy in HeLa cells which was reduced by Taxi and the cell death was increased by increasing the MOMP and subsequently the caspase-dependent and independent cell death.
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Abstract
This review is to describe synergistic effects of various combinations of dietary natural products including curcumin, quercetin, soybean isoflavones, silibinin, and EGCG that have potential for the treatment of prostate cancer. These data can provide valuable insights into the future rational design and development of synergistic and/or hybrid agents for potential treatment of prostate cancer.
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Aceituno-Medina M, Mendoza S, Rodríguez BA, Lagaron JM, López-Rubio A. Improved antioxidant capacity of quercetin and ferulic acid during in-vitro digestion through encapsulation within food-grade electrospun fibers. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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López-García J, Kuceková Z, Humpolíček P, Mlček J, Sáha P. Polyphenolic extracts of edible flowers incorporated onto atelocollagen matrices and their effect on cell viability. Molecules 2013; 18:13435-45. [PMID: 24177700 PMCID: PMC6270546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181113435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenolic extract of chives flowers (Allium schoenoprasum, Liliaceae), introduced Sage (Salvia pratensis, Lamiaceae), European elderberry (Sambucus nigra, Caprifoliaceae) and common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale, Asteraceae) were characterised by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and incorporated in different concentrations onto atelocollagen thin films. In order to assess the biological impact of these phenolic compounds on cell viability, human immortalised non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cell line was seeded on the thin films and cell proliferation was determined by using an MTT assay. In addition, their antimicrobial activity was estimated by using an agar diffusion test. Data indicated the concomitance between cell viability and concentration of polyphenols. These findings suggest that these phenolic-endowed atelocollagen films might be suitable for tissue engineering applications, on account of the combined activity of polyphenols and collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge López-García
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T.G.Masaryka-5555, Zlín 76001, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.L.-G.); (Z.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Zdenka Kuceková
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T.G.Masaryka-5555, Zlín 76001, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.L.-G.); (Z.K.); (P.S.)
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, T.G.M. sq. 275, Zlin 76272, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Humpolíček
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T.G.Masaryka-5555, Zlín 76001, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.L.-G.); (Z.K.); (P.S.)
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, T.G.M. sq. 275, Zlin 76272, Czech Republic
| | - Jiři Mlček
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nám. T.G.Masaryka-5555, Zlin 76272, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - Petr Sáha
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T.G.Masaryka-5555, Zlín 76001, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.L.-G.); (Z.K.); (P.S.)
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Senedese JM, Alves JM, Lima IMDS, de Andrade EAP, Furtado RA, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. Chemopreventive effect of Copaifera langsdorffii leaves hydroalcoholic extract on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced DNA damage and preneoplastic lesions in rat colon. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:3. [PMID: 23295131 PMCID: PMC3606370 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural antioxidants present in common foods and beverages have drawn great attention to cancer prevention due to its health benefits, remarkable lack of toxicity and side effects. Copaifera langsdorffii, known as "copaiba", "capaiva", or "pau-de-óleo", belongs to the Leguminosae family and occurs in fields and grasslands in the northern and northeastern parts of Brazil. Biological studies of Copaifera corroborate its widespread use by the population. This paper describes the effects of C. langsdorffii leaves hydroalcoholic extract on the 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced DNA damage and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colon of male Wistar rats. METHODS The hydroalcoholic extract of C. langsdorffii was administered to rats by gavage at daily doses of 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight. To evaluate DNA damage by the comet assay, animals received the C. langsdorffii extract for seven days and a single subcutaneous injection (sc) of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at a dose of 40 mg/kg on day 7. Animals were sacrificed 4 h after injection of DMH, to assess DNA damage. For the ACF assay, animals were acclimatized for one week (week 1) and then treated with the C. langsdorffii extract five times a week for four weeks (weeks 2 to 5). The rats received sc injections of DMH (40 mg/kg) on days 2 and 5 of weeks 2 and 3, to induce ACF. Animals were euthanized at week 5; i.e., four weeks after the first DMH treatment. RESULTS Animals treated with different doses of the C. langsdorffii extract combined with DMH had significantly lower frequency of DNA damage as compared with the positive control (animals treated with DMH only). The percentage of reduction in the frequency of DNA damage ranged from 14.30% to 38.8%. The groups treated with 40 and 80 mg/kg C. langsdorffii extract during and after DMH treatment presented significantly lower numbers of ACF and aberrant crypts compared with the control. CONCLUSION The C. langsdorffii extract significantly reduced the extent of DNA damage and ACF induced by DMH, suggesting that the extract has a protective effect against colon carcinogenesis.
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Alves JM, Munari CC, de Azevedo Bentes Monteiro Neto M, Furtado RA, Senedese JM, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. In vivo protective effect of Copaifera langsdorffii hydroalcoholic extract on micronuclei induction by doxorubicin. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 33:854-60. [PMID: 22611044 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Copaifera lansdorffii Desf. is known as 'copaíba', 'copaiva' or 'paú-de-óleo', and is found in part of Brazil. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the genotoxic potential of C. langsdorffii leaf hydroalcoholic extract (CLE) and its influence on the genotoxicity induced by the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DXR) using the Swiss mouse peripheral blood micronucleus test. HPLC analysis of CLE using two monolithic columns linked in series allowed quantification of two major flavonoid heterosides, quercitrin and afzelin. Animals were treated with CLE by gavage at doses of 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg kg(-1) body weight per day, each for 20 days. Peripheral blood samples were collected at 24 and 48 h, and 7, 15 and 21 days after the beginning of the treatment. For the antigenotoxicity evaluation, the animals treated with different concentrations of CLE received DXR (15 mg kg(-1) body weight, intraperitoneal) at day 20. The peripheral blood samples were collected 24 and 48 h after the treatment with DXR. The results demonstrated that CLE itself was not genotoxic in the mouse micronucleus assay. In animals treated with CLE and DXR, the number of micronucleus was significantly decreased compared with animals receiving DXR alone. The putative antioxidant activity of one or more of the active compounds of CLE may explain the effect of this plant on DXR genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Morais Alves
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201 Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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Seabra I, Braga M, de Sousa H. Statistical mixture design investigation of CO2–Ethanol–H2O pressurized solvent extractions from tara seed coat. J Supercrit Fluids 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yi W, Wetzstein HY. Anti-tumorigenic activity of five culinary and medicinal herbs grown under greenhouse conditions and their combination effects. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:1849-1854. [PMID: 21452174 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbs and spices have been used as food preservatives, flavorings, and in traditional medicines for thousands of years. More and more scientific evidence supports the medicinal properties of culinary herbs. Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in the USA, and the fourth most common form of cancer worldwide. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antitumor activity of five selected herbs grown under greenhouse conditions, and to study the potential synergistic effects among different herbal extract combinations. RESULTS Thyme, rosemary, sage, spearmint, and peppermint extracts significantly inhibited SW-480 colon cancer cell growth, with sage extracts exhibiting the highest bioactivity, with 50% inhibition at 35.9 µg mL⁻¹, which was equivalent to 93.9 µg dried leaves mL⁻¹ of culture medium. Some mixtures of different herbal extracts had combination effects on cancer cell growth. The inhibitory effects of peppermint + sage combinations at a 1:1 ratio were significantly higher than rosemary + sage combinations at 1:1 ratio, although peppermint extracts showed lower inhibition than rosemary extracts. CONCLUSION Extracts from herb species (thyme, rosemary, sage, spearmint and peppermint) can significantly inhibit the growth of human colon cancer cells. Mixtures of herb extracts can have combination effects on cancer cell growth. The study suggests that these five herbs may have potential health benefits to suppress colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Yi
- Department of Horticulture, 1111 Miller Plant Science Building, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7273, USA
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Leiss KA, Choi YH, Verpoorte R, Klinkhamer PGL. An overview of NMR-based metabolomics to identify secondary plant compounds involved in host plant resistance. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2011; 10:205-216. [PMID: 21765818 PMCID: PMC3105236 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-010-9175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites provide a potential source for the generation of host plant resistance and development of biopesticides. This is especially important in view of the rapid and vast spread of agricultural and horticultural pests worldwide. Multiple pests control tactics in the framework of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme are necessary. One important strategy of IPM is the use of chemical host plant resistance. Up to now the study of chemical host plant resistance has, for technical reasons, been restricted to the identification of single compounds applying specific chemical analyses adapted to the compound in question. In biological processes however, usually more than one compound is involved. Metabolomics allows the simultaneous detection of a wide range of compounds, providing an immediate image of the metabolome of a plant. One of the most universally used metabolomic approaches comprises nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). It has been NMR which has been applied as a proof of principle to show that metabolomics can constitute a major advancement in the study of host plant resistance. Here we give an overview on the application of NMR to identify candidate compounds for host plant resistance. We focus on host plant resistance to western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) which has been used as a model for different plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A. Leiss
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Young H. Choi
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G. L. Klinkhamer
- Section Plant Ecology and Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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Photoprotection by honeybush extracts, hesperidin and mangiferin against UVB-induced skin damage in SKH-1 mice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2011; 103:126-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Ashraf MA, Maah MJ, Yusoff I, Mahmood K, Wajid A. Study of Antioxidant Potential of Tropical Fruit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.7763/ijbbb.2011.v1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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31
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Tsai YC, Lin CL, Chen BH. Preparative chromatography of flavonoids and saponins in Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their antiproliferation effect on hepatoma cell. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 18:2-10. [PMID: 21036575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A preparative column chromatographic method was developed to isolate flavonoids and saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, a Chinese Medicinal herb, and evaluate their antiproliferation effect on hepatoma cell Hep3B, with the standards rutin and ginsenoside Rb(3) being used for comparison. Initially the powdered G. pentaphyllum was extracted with ethanol, followed by eluting flavonoids and saponins with ethanol-water (30:70, v/v) and 100% ethanol, respectively, in an open-column containing 5 g of Cosmosil 75C(18)-OPN, and then subjected to HPLC-MS analysis. The flavonoid fraction was mainly composed of quercetin- and kaempferol-glycosides, while in saponin fraction, both ginsenoside Rb(3) and ginsenoside Rd dominated. Both fractions were more effective against Hep3B cells than the standards rutin and ginsenoside Rb(3), with the cell cycle being arrested at G0/G1 phase for all the treatments. Additionally, the inhibition effect followed a dose-dependent increase for all the sample treatments. The result of this study may be used as a basis for possible phytopreparations in the future with G. pentaphyllum as raw material.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/analysis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Flavonoids/analysis
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Gynostemma/chemistry
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Leaves
- Reference Values
- Saponins/analysis
- Saponins/pharmacology
- Saponins/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tsai
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Skandrani I, Pinon A, Simon A, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Chloroform extract from Moricandia arvensis inhibits growth of B16-F0 melanoma cells and promotes differentiation in vitro. Cell Prolif 2010; 43:471-9. [PMID: 20887553 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Poor therapeutic results have been reported for treatment of malignant melanoma; therefore in this study we have investigated inhibitory capacity of ethyl acetate, chloroform (Chl) and methanol extracts from Moricandia arvensis on mouse melanoma (B16-F0) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell proliferation. Influence of Chl extract on percentage distribution in cell cycle phases and melanogenesis was also studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell viability was determined at various periods using the MTT assay, and flow cytometry was used to analyse effects of Chl extract on progression through the cell cycle and apoptosis. In addition, amounts of melanin and tyrosinase were measured spectrophotometrically at 475 nm. RESULTS Chl extract exhibited significant anti-proliferative activity after incubation with the two types of tumour skin cells. Morphological changes in B16-F0 cells, accompanied by increase of tyrosinase activity, and of melanin synthesis were observed, which are markers of differentiation of malignant melanoma cells. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis revealed that B16-F0 cells treated with Chl extract were arrested predominantly in G(1) phase. CONCLUSION Chl extract had the ability to reverse malignant melanoma cells from proliferative to differentiated state, thus providing a new perspective in developing novel strategies for prevention and treatment of malignant melanoma, possibly through consumption of the extract in an appropriate cancer prevention diet. Moreover, there is scope for the extract being introduced into cosmetic products as a natural tanning agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Skandrani
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Tunisia
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33
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Leone A, Zefferino R, Longo C, Leo L, Zacheo G. Supercritical CO(2)-extracted tomato Oleoresins enhance gap junction intercellular communications and recover from mercury chloride inhibition in keratinocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4769-4778. [PMID: 20235579 DOI: 10.1021/jf1001765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A nutritionally relevant phytochemical such as lycopene, found in tomatoes and other fruits, has been proposed to have health-promoting effects by modulating hormonal and immune systems, metabolic pathways, and gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC). This work analyzes lycopene extracts, obtained from tomato and tomato added with grape seeds by using a safe and environmentally friendly extraction process, based on supercritical carbon dioxide technology (S-CO(2)). Analysis of the innovative S-CO(2)-extracted oleoresins showed peculiar chemical composition with high lycopene concentration and the presence of other carotenoids, lipids, and phenol compounds. The oleoresins showed a higher in vitro antioxidant activity compared with pure lycopene and beta-carotene and the remarkable ability to enhance the GJIC and to increase cx43 expression in keratinocytes. The oleoresins, (0.9 microM lycopene), were also able to overcome, completely, the GJIC inhibition induced by 10 nM HgCl(2), mercury(II) chloride, suggesting a possible action mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Leone
- National Research Council, Institute of Science of Food Production (CNR, ISPA), Lecce, Italy.
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34
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35
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Comparison of bioactive compounds, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of Mon Thong durian during ripening. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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García-Solís P, Yahia EM, Morales-Tlalpan V, Díaz-Muñoz M. Screening of antiproliferative effect of aqueous extracts of plant foods consumed in México on the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009; 60 Suppl 6:32-46. [DOI: 10.1080/09637480802312922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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37
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A comparative study of phenolic compounds and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities in frequently consumed raw vegetables. Eur Food Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-008-1003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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LILA MA. From Beans to Berries and Beyond: Teamwork between Plant Chemicals for Protection of Optimal Human Health. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1114:372-80. [DOI: 10.1196/annals.1396.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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39
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Li YL, Gan GP, Zhang HZ, Wu HZ, Li CL, Huang YP, Liu YW, Liu JW. A flavonoid glycoside isolated from Smilax china L. rhizome in vitro anticancer effects on human cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 113:115-24. [PMID: 17606345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 05/08/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The anticancer activity of eight crude extracts of Smilax china L. rhizome (SCR) against HeLa cells was assessed by MTT assay and clonogenic assay, the fraction rich in flavonoids had show good activity against HeLa cells. A bioassay-guided separation on this extract lead to the detection of kaempferol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (KG), which belongs to flavonoid glycoside, displayed marked anticancer activity. We evaluated its in vitro cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect in a panel of established cancer cell lines by MTT assay and clonogenic assay. KG induces A375 and HL60 cells apoptosis, which was demonstrated by morphological changes, DNA fragmentation and flow cytometric analysis. Fluorescent staining with Hoechst 33258 showed fragmentation and condensation of chromatin in the A375 and HL60 cells. Flow cytometric analysis shown that A375 and HL60 cells treated with KG resulted in the appearance of a hypodiploid peak (A0 region), probably due to the presence of apoptosing cells and/or apoptotic bodies with DNA content less than 2n. Quantitation of the hypodiploid cells shows a dose-dependent response to KG, and this result is in good accordance with that of the DNA fragmentation assay by agarose gel electrophoresis. Our results suggested that cell cycle arrest at G(1) phase and induce apoptosis as a mechanism by which KG exerts an antiproliferative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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40
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Kaempferol induced inhibition of HL-60 cell growth results from a heterogeneous response, dominated by cell cycle alterations. Chem Biol Interact 2007; 170:76-85. [PMID: 17765212 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2007.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2007] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Dietary flavonoids may be exploitable as chemotherapeutics and preventatives for critical health conditions, including cancer. Antiproliferative effects are commonly ascribed to such compounds but ambiguity exists as to the principal mechanism of action and the universal benefit of exposure, particularly at high concentrations. Here, we identify heterogeneous responses within HL-60 promyelocytic leukaemia cells that explain contradictions in the reported origin of the antiproliferative action of kaempferol, a dietary abundant flavonoid. At > or =10 microM, kaempferol exposure is predominantly characterised by cell cycle alterations, notably a significant increase in S-phase and a progressive accumulation in G2-M with 10 and > or =20 microM kaempferol, respectively. However, a limited but consistent membrane damage is observed across the 1-100 microM exposure and at 1 microM occurs devoid from indices of apoptosis which are only consistently observed with > or =10 microM kaempferol treatment. At the most cytotoxic exposures, multiparametric flow cytometric analysis revealed distinct sub populations of cells. Cells with decreased size, typical of apoptosis and necrosis, possessed heightened caspase-3 activity, decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression and changes to membrane asymmetry and integrity. The remaining population had elevated active caspase-3 but no change or a moderate increase in Bcl-2 expression and no plasma membrane alterations. Differentiation was not a significant factor in HL-60 growth inhibition. In conclusion, kaempferol-induced growth inhibition is dominated by cell cycle changes but involves a limited cytotoxicity, which we propose results from a membrane damage centred as well as an apoptotic process. This heterogeneity of response may confound the disease-preventative role and pharmacological application of this flavonoid.
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