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Issac Abraham SVP, Arumugam VR, Mary NI, Dharmadhas JS, Sundararaj R, Devanesan AA, Rajamanickam R, Veerapandian R, John Bosco JP, Danaraj J. Ocimum sanctum as a Source of Quorum Sensing Inhibitors to Combat Antibiotic Resistance of Human and Aquaculture Pathogens. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:785. [PMID: 39063540 PMCID: PMC11278316 DOI: 10.3390/life14070785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms play a decisive role in the infectious process and the development of antibiotic resistance. The establishment of bacterial biofilms is regulated by a signal-mediated cell-cell communication process called "quorum sensing" (QS). The identification of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) to mitigate the QS process may facilitate the development of novel treatment strategies for biofilm-based infections. In this study, the traditional medicinal plant Ocimum sanctum was screened for QS inhibitory potential. Sub-MICs of the extract significantly affected the secretion of EPS in Gram-negative human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Proteus mirabilis, and Serratia marcescens, as well as aquaculture pathogens Vibrio harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus, which render the bacteria more sensitive, leading to a loss of bacterial biomass from the substratum. The observed inhibitory activity of the O. sanctum extract might be attributed to the presence of eugenol, as evidenced through ultraviolet (UV)-visible, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses, and computational studies. Additionally, the QSI potential of eugenol was corroborated through in vitro studies using the marker strain Chromobacterium violaceum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veera Ravi Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India; (V.R.A.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Nancy Immaculate Mary
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India; (V.R.A.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Jeba Sweetly Dharmadhas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Rajamanikandan Sundararaj
- Centre for Drug Discovery, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Arul Ananth Devanesan
- Department of Biotechnology, The American College, Satellite Campus, Madurai 625 503, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Ramachandran Rajamanickam
- Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli 620 005, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Raja Veerapandian
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA;
| | - John Paul John Bosco
- Division of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Jeyapragash Danaraj
- Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India;
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Priyadarshini E, Kumar R, Balakrishnan K, Pandit S, Kumar R, Jha NK, Gupta PK. Biofilm Inhibition on Medical Devices and Implants Using Carbon Dots: An Updated Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2604-2619. [PMID: 38622845 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Biofilms are an intricate community of microbes that colonize solid surfaces, communicating via a quorum-sensing mechanism. These microbial aggregates secrete exopolysaccharides facilitating adhesion and conferring resistance to drugs and antimicrobial agents. The escalating global concern over biofilm-related infections on medical devices underscores the severe threat to human health. Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a promising substrate to combat microbes and disrupt biofilm matrices. Their numerous advantages such as facile surface functionalization and specific antimicrobial properties, position them as innovative anti-biofilm agents. Due to their minuscule size, CDs can penetrate microbial cells, inhibiting growth via cytoplasmic leakage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and genetic material fragmentation. Research has demonstrated the efficacy of CDs in inhibiting biofilms formed by key pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Consequently, the development of CD-based coatings and hydrogels holds promise for eradicating biofilm formation, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy, reducing clinical expenses, and minimizing the need for implant revision surgeries. This review provides insights into the mechanisms of biofilm formation on implants, surveys major biofilm-forming pathogens and associated infections, and specifically highlights the anti-biofilm properties of CDs emphasizing their potential as coatings on medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eepsita Priyadarshini
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Centre for Development of Biomaterials and Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kalpana Balakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, 637215 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Centre for Development of Biomaterials and Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranvijay Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413 Punjab, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105 Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401 Punjab, India
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Development of Biomaterials and Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310 Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, 248002 Uttarakhand, India
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Wang L, Zheng J, Hou W, Zhang C, Zhang J, Fan X, Zhang H, Han Y. The Anti-Microbial Peptide Citrocin Controls Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms by Breaking Down Extracellular Polysaccharide. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4122. [PMID: 38612931 PMCID: PMC11012989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrocin is an anti-microbial peptide that holds great potential in animal feed. This study evaluates the anti-microbial and anti-biofilm properties of Citrocin and explores the mechanism of action of Citrocin on the biofilm of P. aeruginosa. The results showed that Citrocin had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of P. aeruginosa with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.3 mg/mL. All five concentrations (1/4MIC, 1/2MIC, MIC, 2MIC, and 4MIC) of Citrocin inhibited P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. Citrocin at the MIC, 2MIC and 4MIC removed 42.7%, 76.0% and 83.2% of mature biofilms, respectively, and suppressed the swarming motility, biofilm metabolic activity and extracellular polysaccharide production of P. aeruginosa. Metabolomics analysis indicated that 0.3 mg/mL of Citrocin up- regulated 26 and down-regulated 83 metabolites, mainly comprising amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids and sugars. Glucose and amino acid metabolic pathways, including starch and sucrose metabolism as well as arginine and proline metabolism, were highly enriched by Citrocin. In summary, our research reveals the anti-biofilm mechanism of Citrocin at the metabolic level, which provides theoretical support for the development of novel anti-biofilm strategies for combatting P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jiaqi Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenchao Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Chaowen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xuanbo Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuzhu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 402460, China
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Chen X, Li J, Liao R, Shi X, Xing Y, Xu X, Xiao H, Xiao D. Bibliometric analysis and visualization of quorum sensing research over the last two decade. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1366760. [PMID: 38646636 PMCID: PMC11026600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1366760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Quorum sensing (QS) research stands as a pivotal and multifaceted domain within microbiology, holding profound implications across various scientific disciplines. This bibliometric analysis seeks to offer an extensive overview of QS research, covering the period from 2004 to 2023. It aims to elucidate the hotspots, trends, and the evolving dynamics within this research domain. Methods We conducted an exhaustive review of the literature, employing meticulous data curation from the Science Citation Index Extension (SCI-E) within the Web of Science (WOS) database. Subsequently, our survey delves into evolving publication trends, the constellation of influential authors and institutions, key journals shaping the discourse, global collaborative networks, and thematic hotspots that define the QS research field. Results The findings demonstrate a consistent and growing interest in QS research throughout the years, encompassing a substantial dataset of 4,849 analyzed articles. Journals such as Frontiers in Microbiology have emerged as significant contributor to the QS literature, highlighting the increasing recognition of QS's importance across various research fields. Influential research in the realm of QS often centers on microbial communication, biofilm formation, and the development of QS inhibitors. Notably, leading countries engaged in QS research include the United States, China, and India. Moreover, the analysis identifies research focal points spanning diverse domains, including pharmacological properties, genetics and metabolic pathways, as well as physiological and signal transduction mechanisms, reaffirming the multidisciplinary character of QS research. Conclusion This bibliometric exploration provides a panoramic overview of the current state of QS research. The data portrays a consistent trend of expansion and advancement within this domain, signaling numerous prospects for forthcoming research and development. Scholars and stakeholders engaged in the QS field can harness these findings to navigate the evolving terrain with precision and speed, thereby enhancing our comprehension and utilization of QS in various scientific and clinical domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghan Chen
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruohan Liao
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiujun Shi
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongqin Xiao
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Liu H, Ma J, Yang P, Geng F, Li X, Lü J, Wang Y. Comparative analysis of biofilm characterization of probiotic Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1365562. [PMID: 38559351 PMCID: PMC10978722 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1365562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are thought to play a vital role in the beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria. However, the structure and function of probiotic biofilms are poorly understood. In this work, biofilms of Escherichia coli (E. coli) Nissle 1917 were investigated and compared with those of pathogenic and opportunistic strains (E. coli MG1655, O157:H7) using crystal violet assay, confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and FTIR microspectroscopy. The study revealed significant differences in the morphological structure, chemical composition, and spatial heterogeneity of the biofilm formed by the probiotic E. coli strain. In particular, the probiotic biofilm can secrete unique phospholipid components into the extracellular matrix. These findings provide new information on the morphology, architecture and chemical heterogeneity of probiotic biofilms. This information may help us to understand the beneficial effects of probiotics for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jingfang Ma
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Pan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Feng Geng
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xueling Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhong Lü
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Yadi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
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Bajrami D, Hossain SI, Barbarossa A, Sportelli MC, Picca RA, Gentile L, Mastrolonardo F, Rosato A, Carocci A, Colabufo NA, Mizaikoff B, Cioffi N. A scalable route to quaternary ammonium-functionalized AgCl colloidal antimicrobials inhibiting food pathogenic bacteria and biofilms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25260. [PMID: 38327442 PMCID: PMC10847915 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores how a simple argentometric titration-like approach could be evolved into a versatile, scalable, fast, and robust strategy for the production of AgCl/quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) colloidal nanoantimicrobials (NAMs). These systems, which are green, stable, cost-effective, and reproducible are found to be effective against a wide range of food pathogenic bacteria and biofilms. The option of a large-scale production for such colloidal suspensions was explored via the use of a peristaltic pump. The utilization of various types of biosafe QACs and a wide range of solvents including aqueous and organic ones renders this system green and versatile. Nanocolloids (NCs) were characterized using UV-Vis, X-ray photoelectron and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies. Their morphology and crystalline nature were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area diffraction pattern (SAED). Nanoparticle (NP) size distribution and hydrodynamic radius were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), while the ζ-potential was found to be highly positive, thus indicating significant colloidal stability and antimicrobial activity. In fact, the higher the NP surface charge, the stronger was their bioactivity. Furthermore, the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of the as-prepared NCs were tested against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Listeria monocytogenes 46, and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). The results clearly indicate that AgCl/QACs provide pronounced antibiofilm activity with long-term bacteriostatic effects against foodborne pathogenic bacteria rendering them an ideal choice for active food packaging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diellza Bajrami
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Syed Imdadul Hossain
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) C/o Dept. Chemistry, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Sportelli
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) C/o Dept. Chemistry, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosaria Anna Picca
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) C/o Dept. Chemistry, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Gentile
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) C/o Dept. Chemistry, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Biofordrug Srl, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Dante 95, 70019, Triggiano, Bari, Italy
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Sedanstrasse 14, 89077, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicola Cioffi
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) C/o Dept. Chemistry, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Lu J, Xiong C, Wei J, Xiong C, Long R, Yu Y, Ye H, Ozdemir E, Li Y, Wu R. The role and molecular mechanism of flgK gene in biological properties, pathogenicity and virulence genes expression of Aeromonas hydrophila. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129082. [PMID: 38161026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a highly pathogenic aquatic resident bacterium that can cause co-morbidity in aquatic animals, waterfowl, poultry, and humans. Flagellum is the motility organ of bacteria important for bacterium tissue colonization and invasion. The flgK gene encodes a flagellar hook protein essential for normal flagellar formation. In order to explore the role of flgK in A. hydrophila, a flgK gene mutant strain of A. hydrophila (∆flgK-AH) was constructed using an efficient suicide plasmid-mediated homologous recombination method, and gene sequencing confirmed successful mutation of the flgK gene. The biological properties, pathogenicity and virulence genes expression were compared. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the growth, hemolytic, and swarming abilities, but the swimming and biofilm formation abilities of ∆flgK-AH were significantly reduced and the transmission electron microscope (TEM) results showed that the ∆flgK-AH strain did not have a flagellar structure. The median lethal dose (LD50) value of the ∆flgK-AH in Carassius auratus was 1.47-fold higher than that of the wild-type strain (WT-AH). The quantitative real-time PCR results showed that only the expression level of the lapA gene was up-regulated by 1.47 times compared with the WT-AH, while the expression levels of other genes were significantly down-regulated. In conclusion, flgK gene mutant led to a decline in the pathogenicity possibly by reducing swimming and biofilm formation abilities, these biological properties might result from the down-regulated expression of flagellate and pilus-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chuanyu Xiong
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinming Wei
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Caijiang Xiong
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui Long
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yongxiang Yu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Eda Ozdemir
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ronghua Wu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Saha P, Rafe MR. Cyclodextrin: A prospective nanocarrier for the delivery of antibacterial agents against bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19287. [PMID: 37662769 PMCID: PMC10472013 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry introduces us to the macrocyclic host cyclodextrin, which has a hydrophobic cavity. The hydrophobic cavity has a higher affinity for hydrophobic guest molecules and forms host-guest complexation with non-covalent interaction. Three significant cyclodextrin kinds are α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin. The most often utilized is β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). An effective weapon against bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics is cyclodextrin. Several different kinds of cyclodextrin nanocarriers (β-CD, HP-β-CD, Meth-β-CD, cationic CD, sugar-grafted CD) are utilized to enhance the solubility, stability, dissolution, absorption, bioavailability, and permeability of the antibiotics. Cyclodextrin also improves the effectiveness of antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, metallic nanoparticles, and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Again, cyclodextrin nanocarriers offer slow-release properties for sustained-release formulations where steady-state plasma antibiotic concentration is needed for an extended time. A novel strategy to combat bacterial resistance is a stimulus (pH, ROS)-responsive antibiotics released from cyclodextrin carrier. Once again, cyclodextrin traps autoinducer (AI), a crucial part of bacterial quorum sensing, and reduces virulence factors, including biofilm formation. Cyclodextrin helps to minimize MIC in particular bacterial strains, keep antibiotic concentrations above MIC in the infection site and minimize the possibility of antibiotic and biofilm resistance. Sessile bacteria trapped in biofilms are more resistant to antibiotic therapy than bacteria in a planktonic form. Cyclodextrin also involves delivering antibiotics to biofilm and resistant bacteria to combat bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranoy Saha
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rajdoula Rafe
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
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9
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Jung Y, Guo M, Matthews KR. The effect of crisping, misting, and storage temperature on the survival or growth of Listeria monocytogenes and natural psychrotrophic bacteria on romaine lettuce. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023; 29:564-572. [PMID: 35538885 DOI: 10.1177/10820132221101265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
L. monocytogenes has been linked to fresh produce and detected in the retail environment. This study simulated the retail practices (crisping, misting, and storage) of unbagged whole heads of romaine lettuce to determine the growth of L. monocytogenes and natural psychrotrophic microflora. Three nalidixic acid-resistant strains of L. monocytogenes strains were inoculated to each head of lettuce (≈5 log10 CFU/g). For crisping, 24 heads of romaine lettuce were immersed in tap water or electrolyzed water (EW; free chlorine: 55 ppm) for 5 min, followed by holding at 5 °C for 2 h. The water-crisped (WC), EW crisped (EWC), or non-crisped (NC) lettuces were placed in a commercial refrigerated cabinet for misting at 5 °C. After 24-h misting, heads of lettuce were placed in perforated drain boxes with cover at 5 °C or 15 °C. The tap water and EW crisping achieved 1.3 and 2.9 log10 CFU/g reduction of L. monocytogenes, respectively. Approximately 1 log additional reduction of L. monocytogenes in the non-crisped lettuce was shown after misting (p < 0.05), but no significant effect of misting on the population of L. monocytogenes was observed on WC or EWC lettuces (p > 0.05). Regardless of the storage temperature or misting, L. monocytogenes populations remained significantly (p < 0.05) lower on EWC lettuce than NC and WC lettuce. On days 4 and 7 of storage, the natural psychrotrophic bacteria on lettuce stored at 5 °C was significantly lower than stored at 15 °C, and its population was not affected by crisping and misting. These provide insight into the influence of retail lettuce handling practices on the risk of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Jung
- Agricultural and Environmental Research Station, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV, USA
| | - Mengqi Guo
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Karl R Matthews
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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10
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Natural Medicine a Promising Candidate in Combating Microbial Biofilm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020299. [PMID: 36830210 PMCID: PMC9952808 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on biofilm-related infections are gaining prominence owing to their involvement in most clinical infections and seriously threatening global public health. A biofilm is a natural form of bacterial growth ubiquitous in ecological niches, considered to be a generic survival mechanism adopted by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms and entailing heterogeneous cell development within the matrix. In the ecological niche, quorum sensing is a communication channel that is crucial to developing biofilms. Biofilm formation leads to increased resistance to unfavourable ecological effects, comprising resistance to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. Biofilms are frequently combated with modern conventional medicines such as antibiotics, but at present, they are considered inadequate for the treatment of multi-drug resistance; therefore, it is vital to discover some new antimicrobial agents that can prevent the production and growth of biofilm, in addition to minimizing the side effects of such therapies. In the search for some alternative and safe therapies, natural plant-derived phytomedicines are gaining popularity among the research community. Phytomedicines are natural agents derived from natural plants. These plant-derived agents may include flavonoids, terpenoids, lectins, alkaloids, polypeptides, polyacetylenes, phenolics, and essential oils. Since they are natural agents, they cause minimal side effects, so could be administered with dose flexibility. It is vital to discover some new antimicrobial agents that can control the production and growth of biofilms. This review summarizes and analyzes the efficacy characteristics and corresponding mechanisms of natural-product-based antibiofilm agents, i.e., phytochemicals, biosurfactants, antimicrobial peptides, and their sources, along with their mechanism, quorum sensing signalling pathways, disrupting extracellular matrix adhesion. The review also provides some other strategies to inhibit biofilm-related illness. The prepared list of newly discovered natural antibiofilm agents could help in devising novel strategies for biofilm-associated infections.
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11
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Nennig M, Clément A, Longueval E, Bernardi T, Ragimbeau C, Tresse O. Metaphenotypes associated with recurrent genomic lineages of Campylobacter jejuni responsible for human infections in Luxembourg. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:901192. [PMID: 36160185 PMCID: PMC9490421 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.901192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. Although considered fragile, this microaerophilic bacterium is able to survive in various challenging environments, which subsequently constitutes multiple sources of transmission for human infection. To test the assumption of acquiring specific features for adaptation and survival, we established a workflow of phenotypic tests related to the survival and the persistence of recurrent and sporadic strains. A representative collection of 83 strains isolated over 13 years from human, mammal, poultry, and environmental sources in Luxembourg, representing different spreading patterns (endemic, epidemic, and sporadic), was screened for survival to oxidative stresses, for acclimating to aerobic conditions (AC), and for persistence on abiotic surfaces. Using the cgMLST Oxford typing scheme for WGS data, the collection was classified into genomic lineages corresponding to host-generalist strains (lineages A and D, CC ST-21), host-specific strains (lineage B, CC ST-257 and lineage C, CC ST-464) and sporadic strains. We established that when a strain survives concentrations beyond 0.25 mM superoxide stress, it is six times more likely to survive hyperoxide stress and that a highly adherent strain is 14 times more likely to develop a biofilm. Surprisingly, more than half of the strains could acclimate to AC but this capacity does not explain the difference between recurrent genomic lineages and sporadic strains and the survival to oxidative stresses, while recurrent strains have a significantly higher adhesion/biofilm formation capacity than sporadic ones. From this work, the genomic lineages with more stable genomes could be characterized by a specific combination of phenotypes, called metaphenotypes. From the functional genomic analyses, the presence of a potentially functional T6SS in the strains of lineage D might explain the propensity of these strains to be strong biofilm producers. Our findings support the hypothesis that phenotypical abilities contribute to the spatio-temporal adaptation and survival of stable genomic lineages. It suggests a selection of better-adapted and persistent strains in challenging stress environments, which could explain the prevalence of these lineages in human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Nennig
- Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
- UMR-1280 PhAN, INRAE, Nantes, France
| | - Arnaud Clément
- BioFilm Control, Biopôle Clermont-Limagne, Saint-Beauzire, France
| | - Emmanuelle Longueval
- Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Thierry Bernardi
- BioFilm Control, Biopôle Clermont-Limagne, Saint-Beauzire, France
| | - Catherine Ragimbeau
- Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
- *Correspondence: Catherine Ragimbeau,
| | - Odile Tresse
- UMR-1280 PhAN, INRAE, Nantes, France
- Odile Tresse,
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12
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Kaur H, Kaur A, Soni SK, Rishi P. Microbially-derived cocktail of carbohydrases as an anti-biofouling agents: a 'green approach'. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:455-481. [PMID: 35673761 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2085566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes, also known as biocatalysts, display vital properties like high substrate specificity, an eco-friendly nature, low energy inputs, and cost-effectiveness. Among their numerous known applications, enzymes that can target biofilms or their components are increasingly being investigated for their anti-biofouling action, particularly in healthcare, food manufacturing units and environmental applications. Enzymes can target biofilms at different levels like during the attachment of microorganisms, formation of exopolymeric substances (EPS), and their disruption thereafter. In this regard, a consortium of carbohydrases that can target heterogeneous polysaccharides present in the EPS matrix may provide an effective alternative to conventional chemical anti-biofouling methods. Further, for complete annihilation of biofilms, enzymes can be used alone or in conjunction with other antimicrobial agents. Enzymes hold the promise to replace the conventional methods with greener, more economical, and more efficient alternatives. The present article explores the potential and future perspectives of using carbohydrases as effective anti-biofilm agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanpreet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arashdeep Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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13
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Salazar JK, Tesfaldet B, Zamperlini M, Streufert R, Fay M, Keller SE. Desiccation Survival of Salmonella enterica,Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecium Related to Initial Cell Level and Cellular Components. J Food Prot 2022; 85:398-405. [PMID: 34855937 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica is well known for its ability to survive and persist in low-moisture environments. Previous studies have indicated a link between the initial cell level and the population of Salmonella that survives after desiccation and subsequent storage; however, how the initial cell concentration affects survival is unknown. This study was conducted to examine this phenomenon and to determine whether it occurs in other microorganisms, specifically Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) and Enterococcus faecium. Salmonella, STEC, and E. faecium were grown as sessile cells on Trypticase soy agar with yeast extract (TSAYE) and harvested in buffered peptone water (BPW). To determine recovery at different initial cell levels, cultures were diluted to 9, 7, and 5 log CFU/mL and applied to filters. Filters were dried for 24 h and then stored for 28 days at 25°C and 33% relative humidity. During storage, cells were recovered from filters with BPW and cultivated on TSAYE. Recovery of both Salmonella and E. coli, but not E. faecium, was nonproportional. Lower initial populations were less viable after 24 h of desiccation; ≥10 log CFU/mL was recovered when 11 log CFU/mL was desiccated, but <3 log CFU/mL was recovered when 5 log CFU/mL was desiccated. Once dried, persistence did not appear affected by initial cell concentration. When inactivated (heat-treated) cells were added to the diluent, recovery of Salmonella was proportional with respect to the initial cell level. To further examine the response to desiccation, Salmonella was diluted in BPW containing 1 of 11 test cell components related to quorum sensing or known to affect desiccation resistance to assess recovery and persistence. Of the 11 additions, only cell debris fractions, cell-free extract, and peptidoglycan improved recovery of Salmonella. Desiccation survival appears related to cell wall components; however, the exact mechanism affecting survival remains unknown. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle K Salazar
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501; and
| | - Bereket Tesfaldet
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Michelle Zamperlini
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Rachel Streufert
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501; and
| | - Megan Fay
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501; and
| | - Susanne E Keller
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501; and
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Abstract
Microbes are hardly seen as planktonic species and are most commonly found as biofilm communities in cases of chronic infections. Biofilms are regarded as a biological condition, where a large group of microorganisms gets adhered to a biotic or abiotic surface. In this context, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen is the main causative organism responsible for life-threatening and persistent infections in individuals affected with cystic fibrosis and other lung ailments. The bacteria can form a strong biofilm structure when it adheres to a surface suitable for the development of a biofilm matrix. These bacterial biofilms pose higher natural resistance to conventional antibiotic therapy due to their multiple tolerance mechanisms. This prevailing condition has led to an increasing rate of treatment failures associated with P. aeruginosa biofilm infections. A better understanding of the effect of a diverse group of antibiotics on established biofilms would be necessary to avoid inappropriate treatment strategies. Hence, the search for other alternative strategies as effective biofilm treatment options has become a growing area of research. The current review aims to give an overview of the mechanisms governing biofilm formation and the different strategies employed so far in the control of biofilm infections caused by P. aeruginosa. Moreover, this review can also help researchers to search for new antibiofilm agents to tackle the effect of biofilm infections that are currently imprudent to conventional antibiotics.
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15
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Functionalized Chitosan Nanomaterials: A Jammer for Quorum Sensing. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152533. [PMID: 34372136 PMCID: PMC8348235 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The biggest challenge in the present-day healthcare scenario is the rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance due to the rampant use of antibiotics in daily therapeutics. Such drug resistance is associated with the enhancement of microbial virulence and the acquisition of the ability to evade the host’s immune response under the shelter of a biofilm. Quorum sensing (QS) is the mechanism by which the microbial colonies in a biofilm modulate and intercept communication without direct interaction. Hence, the eradication of biofilms through hindering this communication will lead to the successful management of drug resistance and may be a novel target for antimicrobial chemotherapy. Chitosan shows microbicidal activities by acting electrostatically with its positively charged amino groups, which interact with anionic moieties on microbial species, causing enhanced membrane permeability and eventual cell death. Therefore, nanoparticles (NPs) prepared with chitosan possess a positive surface charge and mucoadhesive properties that can adhere to microbial mucus membranes and release their drug load in a constant release manner. As the success in therapeutics depends on the targeted delivery of drugs, chitosan nanomaterial, which displays low toxicity, can be safely used for eradicating a biofilm through attenuating the quorum sensing (QS). Since the anti-biofilm potential of chitosan and its nano-derivatives are reported for various microorganisms, these can be used as attractive tools for combating chronic infections and for the preparation of functionalized nanomaterials for different medical devices, such as orthodontic appliances. This mini-review focuses on the mechanism of the downregulation of quorum sensing using functionalized chitosan nanomaterials and the future prospects of its applications.
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16
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Algburi A, Al-Hasani HM, Ismael TK, Abdelhameed A, Weeks R, Ermakov AM, Chikindas ML. Antimicrobial Activity of Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895 Against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms Isolated from Wound Infection. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:125-134. [PMID: 32556931 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcal wound infections range from mild to severe with life-threatening complications. The challenge of controlling such infections is related to bacterial biofilm formation, which is a major factor contributing to antibiotic resistance and infection recurrence. In this study, four clinical isolates of staphylococci species; two isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and two methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates. The identification of bacterial species based on cell morphology, initial biochemical tests, and the VITEK2 system were used to confirm the clinical microbiological diagnosis. Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that the isolated staphylococci were highly resistant to the following antibiotics, amoxicillin, penicillin G, cefotaxime, and methicillin. Combinations of cefotaxime with the cell-free supernatants (CFS) of Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895, each one separately showed complementary activity against the tested staphylococci. The co-aggregation capability of the tested bacilli as beneficial bacteria against isolated staphylococci was also evaluated. The data showed a strong co-aggregation with scores (+ 3, + 4) which were reported between the bacilli strains and the isolated staphylococci. Furthermore, the CFS of bacilli strains showed an inhibitory effect against biofilm-associated MRSA and MSSA. These findings confirmed the ability of beneficial bacteria to compete with the pathogens at the site of colonization or for the source of nutrients and, eventually, lead to inhibition of the pathogens' capability of causing a wound infection. Such beneficial bacteria could play an important role in future pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Algburi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq. .,Department of Scholarship and Cultural Relations, Presidency of Diyala University, Baqubah, Iraq.
| | - Halah M Al-Hasani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Thurya K Ismael
- Educational Laboratories, General Teaching Hospital of Baqubah, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Alyaa Abdelhameed
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Richard Weeks
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Michael L Chikindas
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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17
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Efficacy of a Next Generation Quaternary Ammonium Chloride Sanitizer on Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas Biofilms and Practical Application in a Food Processing Environment. Appl Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol1010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are known to adhere strongly to surfaces and can form biofilms in food processing facilities; therefore, their potential to contaminate manufactured foods underscores the importance of sanitation. The objectives of this study were to (1) examine the efficacy of a new-generation sanitizer (Decon7) on Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas biofilms, (2) identify biofilm bacteria from workers’ boots in relation to previous sanitizer chemistry, (3) validate the efficacy of Decon7 on biofilm from workers’ boots from an abattoir/food processing environment, and (4) compare the sensitivity of isolated boot biofilm bacteria to new- and early (Bi-Quat)-generation QAC sanitizers. Decon7 was applied at two concentrations (5%, 10%) and was shown to be effective within 1 min of exposure against enhanced biofilms of Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in 96-well microplates. Decon7 was also used to treat workers’ boots that had accumulated high levels of biofilm bacteria due to ineffective sanitization. Bacteria isolated before enzyme/sanitizer treatment were identified through 16S rRNA PCR and DNA sequencing. All treatments were carried out in triplicate and analyzed by one-way RM-ANOVA or ANOVA using the Holm–Sidak test for pairwise multiple comparisons to determine significant differences (p < 0.05). The data show a significant difference between Decon7 sanitizer treatment and untreated control groups. There was a ~4–5 log reduction in Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. (microplate assay) within the first 1 min of treatment and also a > 3-log reduction in the bacterial population observed in the biofilms from workers’ boots. The new next-generation QAC sanitizers are more effective than prior QAC sanitizers, and enzyme pre-treatment can facilitate biofilm sanitizer penetration on food contact surfaces. The rotation of sanitizer chemistries may prevent the selective retention of chemistry-tolerant microorganisms in processing facilities.
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18
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Proner MC, de Meneses AC, Veiga AA, Schlüter H, Oliveira DD, Luccio MD. Industrial Cooling Systems and Antibiofouling Strategies: A Comprehensive Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Carolina Proner
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Cristina de Meneses
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Andrea Azevedo Veiga
- Petrobras R&D Center, CENPES, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil
| | - Helga Schlüter
- Petrobras R&D Center, CENPES, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Di Luccio
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
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19
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Hassanein WA, Reda FM, Moabed S, El Shafiey SN. Insecticidal impacts of Bacillus flexus S13 biofilm'extracellular matrix' on cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Mizan MFR, Cho HR, Ashrafudoulla M, Cho J, Hossain MI, Lee DU, Ha SD. The effect of physico-chemical treatment in reducing Listeria monocytogenes biofilms on lettuce leaf surfaces. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:1243-1255. [PMID: 33401969 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1867848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to characterize Listeria monocytogenes from several environmental and clinical sources and assess the efficacy of single and combined physico-chemical treatments in reducing biofilm on lettuce leaves. PCR analysis of L. monocytogenes isolates collected from different clinical (10 strains) and environmental sources (12 strains) was used to look for the presence of one Listeria-specific gene and five virulence genes. Biofilms of L. monocytogenes were developed on lettuce leaves over 24 h. A 5-min ultrasound and a 300-ppm sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) wash resulted in similar reductions in cell numbers of 0.82 log CFU cm-2. For chlorine dioxide (ClO2) at 60 ppm, the cell numbers were reduced by ∼5.45 log CFU cm-2. A combined treatment of 5 min of ultrasound plus 300 ppm NaOCl or 40 ppm ClO2, provided maximal efficacy, reducing the number of L. monocytogenes on the lettuce surface to non-detectable levels. Therefore, ClO2 has the potential to replace NaOCl for the disinfection of food products in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye Ran Cho
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Md Ashrafudoulla
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junbin Cho
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Md Iqbal Hossain
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Un Lee
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Talapko J, Škrlec I. The Principles, Mechanisms, and Benefits of Unconventional Agents in the Treatment of Biofilm Infection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E299. [PMID: 33050521 PMCID: PMC7600518 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, researchers are looking at new ways to treat severe infections caused by resistance to standard antibiotic therapy. This is quite challenging due to the complex and interdependent relationships involved: the cause of infection-the patient-antimicrobial agents. The sessile biofilm form is essential in research to reduce resistance to very severe infections (such as ESKAPE pathogens: Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanni, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp). The purpose of this study is to elucidate the mechanisms of the occurrence, maintenance, and suppression of biofilm infections. One form of biofilm suppression is the efficient action of natural antagonists of bacteria-bacteriophages. Bacteriophages effectively penetrate the biofilm's causative cells. They infect those bacterial cells and either destroy them or prevent the infection spreading. In this process, bacteriophages are specific, relatively easy to apply, and harmless to the patient. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) support the mechanisms of bacteriophages' action. AMPs could also attack and destroy infectious agents on their own (even on biofilm). AMPs are simple, universal peptide molecules, mainly cationic peptides. Additional AMP research could help develop even more effective treatments of biofilm (bacteriophages, antibiotics, AMPs, nanoparticles). Here, we review recent unconventional agents, such as bacteriophages and AMPs, used for eradication of biofilm, providing an overview of potentially new biofilm treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;
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22
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Green surfactant based synthesis of curcumin loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles with enhanced solubility, photo-stability and anti-biofilm activity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Brindhadevi K, LewisOscar F, Mylonakis E, Shanmugam S, Verma TN, Pugazhendhi A. Biofilm and Quorum sensing mediated pathogenicity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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24
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Biofilm as a live and in-situ formed membrane for solids separation in bioreactors: Biofilm succession governs resistance variation demonstrated during the start-up period. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Cuggino SG, Bascón-Villegas I, Rincón F, Pérez MA, Posada-Izquierdo G, Marugán J, Pablos Carro C, Pérez-Rodríguez F. Modelling the combined effect of chlorine, benzyl isothiocyanate, exposure time and cut size on the reduction of Salmonella in fresh-cut lettuce during washing process. Food Microbiol 2020; 86:103346. [PMID: 31703876 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to study the effect of the combination of Sodium hypochlorite, the most used disinfectant by the vegetable industry, with a natural antimicrobial, benzyl-isothiocyanate (BITC), considering cutting surface and contact time, on the reduction of Salmonella in fresh-cut produce in washing operations under typical industrial conditions. Overall, the combinations of disinfectant and process parameters resulted in a mean reduction of Salmonella of 2.5 log CFU/g. According to statistical analysis, free chlorine and BITC concentrations, contact time and cut size exerted a significant effect on the Salmonella reduction (p ≤ 0.05). The optimum combination of process parameter values yielding the highest Salmonella reduction was a lettuce cut size of 15 cm2 washed for 110 s in industrial water containing 160 mg/L free chlorine and 40 mg/L BITC. A predictive model was also derived, which, as illustrated, could be applied to optimize industrial disinfection and develop probabilistic Exposure Assessments considering the effect of washing process parameters on the levels of Salmonella contamination in leafy green products. The present study demonstrated the efficacy of chlorine to reduce Salmonella populations in fresh-cut lettuce while highlighting the importance of controlling the washing process parameters, such as, contact time, cut size and concentration of the disinfectant to increase disinfectant efficacy and improve food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Griselda Cuggino
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Ing. Agr. Felix Aldo Marrone 746, Campus Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Isabel Bascón-Villegas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Campus of Excellence in the AgriFood Sector (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Rincón
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Campus of Excellence in the AgriFood Sector (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Spain
| | - Maria Alejandra Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Ing. Agr. Felix Aldo Marrone 746, Campus Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Guiomar Posada-Izquierdo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Campus of Excellence in the AgriFood Sector (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Spain
| | - Javier Marugán
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán S/n, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Pablos Carro
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán S/n, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Campus of Excellence in the AgriFood Sector (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Spain.
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Konsue W, Dethoup T, Limtong S. Biological Control of Fruit Rot and Anthracnose of Postharvest Mango by Antagonistic Yeasts from Economic Crops Leaves. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030317. [PMID: 32106522 PMCID: PMC7143844 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To select antagonistic yeasts for the control of fruit rot caused by Lasiodiplodiatheobromae and anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in postharvest mango fruit, 307 yeast strains isolated from plant leaves were evaluated for their antagonistic activities against these two fungal pathogens in vitro. Torulaspora indica DMKU-RP31, T. indica DMKU-RP35 and Pseudozyma hubeiensis YE-21 were found to inhibit the growth of L. theobromae whereas only Papiliotrema aspenensis DMKU-SP67 inhibited the growth of C. gloeosporioides. Antagonistic mechanisms of these four antagonistic yeasts in vitro consisted of the production of antifungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs), biofilm formation and siderophore production. T. indica DMKU-RP35 was the most effective strain in controlling fruit rot on postharvest mango fruits. Its action was comparable to that of the fungicide, benomyl, reducing the disease severity by 82.4%, whereas benomyl revealed 87.5% reduction. P. aspenensis DMKU-SP67 reduced anthracnose severity by 94.1%, which was comparable to that of using benomyl (93.9%). The antifungal VOCs produced by these yeast strains also reduced the severity of these diseases on postharvest mango fruits but at lower rates than using yeast cells. Therefore, these antagonistic yeasts have the potential for use as biological control agents for the control of fruit rot and anthracnose diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilasinee Konsue
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Savitree Limtong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-562-5444; Fax: +66-2-579-2081
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Verderosa AD, Totsika M, Fairfull-Smith KE. Bacterial Biofilm Eradication Agents: A Current Review. Front Chem 2019; 7:824. [PMID: 31850313 PMCID: PMC6893625 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most free-living bacteria can attach to surfaces and aggregate to grow into multicellular communities encased in extracellular polymeric substances called biofilms. Biofilms are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy and a major cause of persistent and recurrent infections by clinically important pathogens worldwide (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus). Currently, most biofilm remediation strategies involve the development of biofilm-inhibition agents, aimed at preventing the early stages of biofilm formation, or biofilm-dispersal agents, aimed at disrupting the biofilm cell community. While both strategies offer some clinical promise, neither represents a direct treatment and eradication strategy for established biofilms. Consequently, the discovery and development of biofilm eradication agents as comprehensive, stand-alone biofilm treatment options has become a fundamental area of research. Here we review our current understanding of biofilm antibiotic tolerance mechanisms and provide an overview of biofilm remediation strategies, focusing primarily on the most promising biofilm eradication agents and approaches. Many of these offer exciting prospects for the future of biofilm therapeutics for a large number of infections that are currently refractory to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Verderosa
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Ulusoy BH, Chirkena K. Two perspectives of Listeria monocytogenes hazards in dairy products: the prevalence and the antibiotic resistance. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyz035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is among the most food-borne pathogens. It has the ability to grow over a range of temperature, including refrigeration temperature. Foods kept in refrigerator more than the prescribed period of time create an opportunity for the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes. As this review shows, the prevalence of L. monocytogenes has more likely evident in pasteurized milk than other dairy products, such as raw milk. Inadequate temperature and faults in technology during pasteurization can be the disposing factors for the presence of the organism in dairy products. The organism, on the other hand, has been found to be resistant to those commonly known antibiotics that have human and veterinary importance, namely, ampicillin, Tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, streptomycin, erytromycin, penicillin G., and others. Resistance ability of the organism can be mediated by different natural and acquired resistance mechanisms, such as self-transferrable plasmids, mobilizable plasmids, and conjugative transposons. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance of L. monocytogenes has serious public health and economic impacts at large. This paper has reviewed the prevalence and the antibiotic resistance of L. monocytogenes isolates of dairy products and the strategic mechanisms of the organism develop resistance against the antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza H Ulusoy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kefyalew Chirkena
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Saipriya K, Swathi CH, Ratnakar KS, Sritharan V. Quorum-sensing system in Acinetobacter baumannii: a potential target for new drug development. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:15-27. [PMID: 31102552 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii causes several nosocomial infections and poses major threat when it is multidrug resistant. Even pan drug-resistant strains have been reported in some countries. The intensive care unit (ICU) mortality rate ranged from 45.6% to 60.9% and it is as high as 84.3% when ventilator-associated pneumonia was caused by XDR (extensively drug resistant) A. baumannii. Acinetobacter baumannii constituted 9.4% of all Gram-negative organisms throughout the hospital and 22.6% in the ICUs according to a study carried out in an Indian hospital. One of the major factors contributing to drug resistance in A. baumannii infections is biofilm development. Quorum sensing (QS) facilitates biofilm formation and therefore the search for 'quorum quenchers' has increased recently. Such compounds are expected to inhibit biofilm formation and hence reduce/prevent development of drug resistance in the bacteria. Some of these compounds also target synthesis of some virulence factors (VF). Several candidate drugs have been identified and are at various stages of drug development. Since quorum quenching, inhibition of biofilm formation and inhibition of VF synthesis do not pose any threat to the DNA replication and cell division of the bacteria, chances of resistance development to such compounds is presumably rare. Thus, these compounds ideally qualify as adjunct therapeutics and could be administered along with an antibiotic to reduce chances of resistance development and also to increase the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy. This review describes the state-of-art in QS process in Gram-negative bacteria in general and in A. baumannii in particular. This article elaborates the nature of QS mediators, their characteristics, and the methods for their detection and quantification. Various potential sites in the QS pathway have been highlighted as drug targets and the candidate quorum quenchers which inhibit the mediator's synthesis or function are enlisted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saipriya
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF), Lakdi-Ka-Pul, Hyderabad, India
| | - C H Swathi
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF), Lakdi-Ka-Pul, Hyderabad, India
| | - K S Ratnakar
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF), Lakdi-Ka-Pul, Hyderabad, India
| | - V Sritharan
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF), Lakdi-Ka-Pul, Hyderabad, India
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30
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Banerjee D, Shivapriya PM, Gautam PK, Misra K, Sahoo AK, Samanta SK. A Review on Basic Biology of Bacterial Biofilm Infections and Their Treatments by Nanotechnology-Based Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-018-01065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Hayat S, Muzammil S, Shabana, Aslam B, Siddique MH, Saqalein M, Nisar MA. Quorum quenching: role of nanoparticles as signal jammers in Gram-negative bacteria. Future Microbiol 2018; 14:61-72. [PMID: 30539663 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2018-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density dependent regulatory process that uses signaling molecules to manage the expression of virulence genes and biofilm formation. The study of QS inhibitors has emerged as one of the most fascinating areas of research to discover novel antimicrobial agents. Compounds that block QS have become candidates as unusual antimicrobial agents, as they are leading players in the regulation of virulence of drug-resistant pathogens. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles offer novel alternatives to combat antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria aiming their capacity as QS inhibitors. This review provides an insight into the quorum quenching potential of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles by targeting QS regulated virulence of Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumreen Hayat
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, University Road, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.,Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabana
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Aslam
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Saqalein
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif Nisar
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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32
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Establishment of incubation conditions to optimize the in vitro formation of mature Listeria monocytogenes biofilms on food-contact surfaces. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Yuan L, Sadiq FA, Burmølle M, Liu T, He G. Insights into Bacterial Milk Spoilage with Particular Emphasis on the Roles of Heat-Stable Enzymes, Biofilms, and Quorum Sensing. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1651-1660. [PMID: 30207500 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Milk spoilage caused by psychrotrophic bacteria and their heat-stable enzymes is a serious challenge for the dairy industry. In many studies, spoilage has been explored based on the simplistic view of undesirable enzymes produced by planktonic cells. Recently, biofilms and quorum sensing (QS) have been suggested as important factors in the deterioration of milk, which opens new avenues for investigation of the processes and challenges. Production and heat stability of enzymes are enhanced in biofilms, mainly because of inherent differences in physiological states and protective shielding by extracellular polymeric substances. QS plays a key role in modulating expression of hydrolytic enzymes and biofilm formation. To date, few studies have been conducted to investigate the complex interplays of enzyme production, biofilm formation, and QS. This review provides novel insights into milk spoilage with particular emphasis on the roles of biofilms and QS and summarizes potential effective strategies for controlling the spoilage of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- 1 College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Faizan A Sadiq
- 1 College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Mette Burmølle
- 2 Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Tongjie Liu
- 1 College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Guoqing He
- 1 College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; and
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34
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Herget K, Frerichs H, Pfitzner F, Tahir MN, Tremel W. Functional Enzyme Mimics for Oxidative Halogenation Reactions that Combat Biofilm Formation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707073. [PMID: 29920781 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal oxide nanoparticles and molecular coordination compounds are highlighted as functional mimics of halogenating enzymes. These enzymes are involved in halometabolite biosynthesis. Their activity is based upon the formation of hypohalous acids from halides and hydrogen peroxide or oxygen, which form bioactive secondary metabolites of microbial origin with strong antibacterial and antifungal activities in follow-up reactions. Therefore, enzyme mimics and halogenating enzymes may be valuable tools to combat biofilm formation. Here, halogenating enzyme models are briefly described, enzyme mimics are classified according to their catalytic functions, and current knowledge about the settlement chemistry and adhesion of fouling organisms is summarized. Enzyme mimics with the highest potential are showcased. They may find application in antifouling coatings, indoor and outdoor paints, polymer membranes for water desalination, or in aquacultures, but also on surfaces for food packaging, door handles, hand rails, push buttons, keyboards, and other elements made of plastic where biofilms are present. The use of natural compounds, formed in situ with nontoxic and abundant metal oxide enzyme mimics, represents a novel and efficient "green" strategy to emulate and utilize a natural defense system for preventing bacterial colonization and biofilm growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Herget
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hajo Frerichs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Pfitzner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Muhammad Nawaz Tahir
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
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35
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Ripolles-Avila C, Ríos-Castillo AG, Rodríguez-Jerez JJ. Development of a peroxide biodetector for a direct detection of biofilms produced by catalase-positive bacteria on food-contact surfaces. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2017.1418434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ripolles-Avila
- Hygiene and Food Inspection Unit, Department of Food and Animal Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abel G. Ríos-Castillo
- Hygiene and Food Inspection Unit, Department of Food and Animal Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José J. Rodríguez-Jerez
- Hygiene and Food Inspection Unit, Department of Food and Animal Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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36
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Bassegoda A, Ivanova K, Ramon E, Tzanov T. Strategies to prevent the occurrence of resistance against antibiotics by using advanced materials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:2075-2089. [PMID: 29392390 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance occurrence is a global healthcare concern responsible for the increased morbidity and mortality in hospitals, time of hospitalisation and huge financial loss. The failure of the most antibiotics to kill "superbugs" poses the urgent need to develop innovative strategies aimed at not only controlling bacterial infection but also the spread of resistance. The prevention of pathogen host invasion by inhibiting bacterial virulence and biofilm formation, and the utilisation of bactericidal agents with different mode of action than classic antibiotics are the two most promising new alternative strategies to overcome antibiotic resistance. Based on these novel approaches, researchers are developing different advanced materials (nanoparticles, hydrogels and surface coatings) with novel antimicrobial properties. In this review, we summarise the recent advances in terms of engineered materials to prevent bacteria-resistant infections according to the antimicrobial strategies underlying their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Bassegoda
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Kristina Ivanova
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Eva Ramon
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain.
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37
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Skariyachan S, Sridhar VS, Packirisamy S, Kumargowda ST, Challapilli SB. Recent perspectives on the molecular basis of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and approaches for treatment and biofilm dispersal. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 63:413-432. [PMID: 29352409 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium causes widespread diseases in humans. This bacterium is frequently related to nosocomial infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs) and bacteriaemia especially in immunocompromised patients. The current review focuses on the recent perspectives on biofilms formation by these bacteria. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often adhere to a surface. These adherent cells are usually embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Pel, psl and alg operons present in P. aeruginosa are responsible for the biosynthesis of extracellular polysaccharide which plays an important role in cell surface interactions during biofilm formation. Recent studies suggested that cAMP signalling pathway, quorum-sensing pathway, Gac/Rsm pathway and c-di-GMP signalling pathway are the main mechanism that leads to the biofilm formation. Understanding the bacterial virulence depends on a number of cell-associated and extracellular factors and is very essential for the development of potential drug targets. Thus, the review focuses on the major genes involved in the biofilm formation, the state of art update on the biofilm treatment and the dispersal approaches such as targeting adhesion and maturation, targeting virulence factors and other strategies such as small molecule-based inhibitors, phytochemicals, bacteriophage therapy, photodynamic therapy, antimicrobial peptides and natural therapies and vaccines to curtail the biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinosh Skariyachan
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India.
| | - Vaishnavi Sneha Sridhar
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
| | - Swathi Packirisamy
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
| | - Supreetha Toplar Kumargowda
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
| | - Sneha Basavaraj Challapilli
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
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38
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张 晓. The Dynamical Modeling Studies of the Quorum Sensing Mechanism in Bacteria. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2018. [DOI: 10.12677/biphy.2018.62002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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39
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Papuc C, Goran GV, Predescu CN, Nicorescu V, Stefan G. Plant Polyphenols as Antioxidant and Antibacterial Agents for Shelf-Life Extension of Meat and Meat Products: Classification, Structures, Sources, and Action Mechanisms. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:1243-1268. [PMID: 33371586 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative processes and meat spoilage bacteria are major contributors to decreasing the shelf-life of meat and meat products. Oxidative processes occur during processing, storage, and light exposure, lowering the nutritional and sensory value and acceptability of meat and generating toxic compounds for humans. Polyphenols inhibit oxidative processes in 3 ways: as reactive species scavengers, lipoxygenase inhibitors, and reducing agents for metmyoglobin. Thus, polyphenols are candidate antioxidants for meat and meat products. The cross-contamination of meat with spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms can occur in production lines and result in economic losses. The ability of polyphenols to interact with bacterial cell wall components and the bacterial cell membrane can prevent and control biofilm formation, as well as inhibit microbial enzymes, interfere in protein regulation, and deprive bacterial cell enzymes of substrates and metal ions. Thus, polyphenols are candidate antimicrobial agents for use with meat and meat products. Commercially available polyphenols can decrease primary and secondary lipid peroxidation levels, inhibit lipoxygenase activity, improve meat color stability, minimize the degradation of salt-soluble myofibrillar protein and sulfhydryl groups, and retard bacterial growth. Further studies are now needed to clarify the synergistic/antagonistic action of various polyphenols, and to identify the best polyphenol classes, concentrations, and conditions of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Papuc
- UASVM of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 5th district, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghe V Goran
- UASVM of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 5th district, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina N Predescu
- UASVM of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 5th district, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentin Nicorescu
- UASVM of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 5th district, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgeta Stefan
- UASVM of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 5th district, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
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40
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Bao X, Jia X, Chen L, Peters BM, Lin CW, Chen D, Li L, Li B, Li Y, Xu Z, Shirtliff ME. Effect of polymyxin resistance ( pmr ) on biofilm formation of Cronobacter sakazakii. Microb Pathog 2017; 106:16-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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41
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Hwang JH, Yoon JH, Bae YM, Choi MR, Lee SY, Park KH. Effect of the precutting process on sanitizing treatments for reducing pathogens in vegetables. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:531-536. [PMID: 30263575 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of sanitizing treatments was investigated on reducing pathogens inoculated in whole or cut fresh vegetables, including Brussels sprouts, carrots, cherry tomatoes, paprika, and lettuce. These products were inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes and then treated with chlorine and alcohol sanitizers, followed by the subsequent washing procedure in sterile distilled water at 25°C for 5min. Alcohol sanitizer was the most effective in inhibiting E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes on cut Brussels sprouts, showing bacterial reductions of 4.16, 3.60, and 3.26 log CFU/g, respectively. Interestingly, the effects of sanitizing treatments were significantly lower for fresh cut produce than those for whole products (p<0.05), indicating that the effectiveness of sanitizers would be different, depending on fresh produce and the pre-cut process. Therefore, further information should be obtained to develop an effective sanitizing treatment for fresh produce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ha Hwang
- 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546 Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Yoon
- 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546 Korea
| | - Young-Min Bae
- 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546 Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Choi
- 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546 Korea
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546 Korea
| | - Ki-Hwan Park
- 2Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546 Korea
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Rahman MRT, Lou Z, Zhang J, Yu F, Timilsena YP, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Bakry AM. Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) as Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation Inhibitor on Foodborne Bacteria: Study in Milk. J Food Prot 2017; 80:645-653. [PMID: 28294685 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) systems to communicate with each other and regulate microbial group behavior, such as the secretion of virulence factors, including biofilm formation. In order to explore safe, edible agents, the potential of star anise (SA) as an anti-QS and antibiofilm agent and its possible application in milk safety were investigated. Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and biosensor strain Chromobacterium violaceum were selected as test strains for QS, biofilm, and exopolysaccharide assays. The percent acidities and total plate counts were determined to evaluate the quality of biofilm-inoculated and noninoculated milk. The yield of SA extraction was 25.90% ± 0.2% (w/w). At sub-MIC, SA extract did not show any effect on bacterial growth. The production of violacein was inhibited by 89% by SA extract. The extract also inhibited the formation of biofilm by up to 87% in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition rates of 70.45%, 42.82%, and 35.66% were found for exopolysaccharide production. The swarming motility of S. aureus was reduced by about 95.9% by SA extract. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis confirmed that the development of biofilm architecture was hampered. It was found that SA extract could delay the spoilage of milk. In the endeavor to avoid drug resistance, pathogenesis, and resistance to biocides while improving food safety and avoiding health hazard issues arising from synthetic chemicals, SA extract could be used as a potential QS and biofilm inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ramim Tanver Rahman
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Technology Center of Bright Dairy and Food Company Ltd., Shanghai 200436, People's Republic of China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China.,3 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaixiang Lou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Technology Center of Bright Dairy and Food Company Ltd., Shanghai 200436, People's Republic of China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China.,4 Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhao Yu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Technology Center of Bright Dairy and Food Company Ltd., Shanghai 200436, People's Republic of China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Caili Zhang
- 6 College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Technology Center of Bright Dairy and Food Company Ltd., Shanghai 200436, People's Republic of China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Amr M Bakry
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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43
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Effect of Tannin Extracts on Biofilms and Attachment of Escherichia coli on Lettuce Leaves. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-016-1812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The treatment of bacterial diseases is facing twin threats, with increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance and relatively few novel compounds or strategies under development or entering the clinic. Bacteria frequently grow on surfaces as biofilm communities encased in a polymeric matrix. The biofilm mode of growth is associated with 65 to 80% of all clinical infections. It causes broad adaptive changes; biofilm bacteria are especially (10- to 1,000-fold) resistant to conventional antibiotics and to date no antimicrobials have been developed specifically to treat biofilms. Small synthetic peptides with broad-spectrum antibiofilm activity represent a novel approach to treat biofilm-related infections. Recent developments have provided evidence that these peptides can inhibit even developed biofilms, kill multiple bacterial species in biofilms (including the ESKAPE [Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species] pathogens), show strong synergy with several antibiotics, and act by targeting a universal stress response in bacteria. Thus, these peptides represent a promising alternative treatment to conventional antibiotics and work effectively in animal models of biofilm-associated infections.
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Mayer T, Blachowicz A, Probst AJ, Vaishampayan P, Checinska A, Swarmer T, de Leon P, Venkateswaran K. Microbial succession in an inflated lunar/Mars analog habitat during a 30-day human occupation. MICROBIOME 2016; 4:22. [PMID: 27250991 PMCID: PMC4890489 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For potential future human missions to the Moon or Mars and sustained presence in the International Space Station, a safe enclosed habitat environment for astronauts is required. Potential microbial contamination of closed habitats presents a risk for crewmembers due to reduced human immune response during long-term confinement. To make future habitat designs safer for crewmembers, lessons learned from characterizing analogous habitats is very critical. One of the key issues is that how human presence influences the accumulation of microorganisms in the closed habitat. RESULTS Molecular technologies, along with traditional microbiological methods, were utilized to catalog microbial succession during a 30-day human occupation of a simulated inflatable lunar/Mars habitat. Surface samples were collected at different time points to capture the complete spectrum of viable and potential opportunistic pathogenic bacterial population. Traditional cultivation, propidium monoazide (PMA)-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assays were employed to estimate the cultivable, viable, and metabolically active microbial population, respectively. Next-generation sequencing was used to elucidate the microbial dynamics and community profiles at different locations of the habitat during varying time points. Statistical analyses confirm that occupation time has a strong influence on bacterial community profiles. The Day 0 samples (before human occupation) have a very different microbial diversity compared to the later three time points. Members of Proteobacteria (esp. Oxalobacteraceae and Caulobacteraceae) and Firmicutes (esp. Bacillaceae) were most abundant before human occupation (Day 0), while other members of Firmicutes (Clostridiales) and Actinobacteria (esp. Corynebacteriaceae) were abundant during the 30-day occupation. Treatment of samples with PMA (a DNA-intercalating dye for selective detection of viable microbial population) had a significant effect on the microbial diversity compared to non-PMA-treated samples. CONCLUSIONS Statistical analyses revealed a significant difference in community structure of samples over time, particularly of the bacteriomes existing before human occupation of the habitat (Day 0 sampling) and after occupation (Day 13, Day 20, and Day 30 samplings). Actinobacteria (mainly Corynebacteriaceae) and Firmicutes (mainly Clostridiales Incertae Sedis XI and Staphylococcaceae) were shown to increase over the occupation time period. The results of this study revealed a strong relationship between human presence and succession of microbial diversity in a closed habitat. Consequently, it is necessary to develop methods and tools for effective maintenance of a closed system to enable safe human habitation in enclosed environments on Earth and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Mayer
- Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Adriana Blachowicz
- Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Alexander J Probst
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Parag Vaishampayan
- Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Aleksandra Checinska
- Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Tiffany Swarmer
- Department of Space Studies, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Pablo de Leon
- Department of Space Studies, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Kasthuri Venkateswaran
- Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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Banerjee G, Ray AK. The talking language in some major Gram-negative bacteria. Arch Microbiol 2016; 198:489-99. [PMID: 27062655 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cell interaction or quorum sensing (QS) is a vital biochemical/physiological process in bacteria that is required for various physiological functions, including nutrient uptake, competence development, biofilm formation, sporulation, as well as for toxin secretion. In natural environment, bacteria live in close association with other bacteria and interaction among them is crucial for survival. The QS-regulated gene expression in bacteria is a cell density-dependent process and the initiation process depends on the threshold level of the signaling molecule, N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL). The present review summarizes the QS signal and its respective circuit in Gram-negative bacteria. Most of the human pathogens belong to Gram-negative group, and only a few of them cause disease through QS system. Thus, inhibition of pathogenic bacteria is important. Use of antibiotics creates a selective pressure (antibiotics act as natural selection factor to promote one group of bacteria over another group) for emerging multidrug-resistant bacteria and will not be suitable for long-term use. The alternative process of inhibition of QS in bacteria using different natural and synthetic molecules is called quorum quenching. However, in the long run, QS inhibitors or blockers may also develop resistance, but obviously it will solve some sort of problems. In this review, we also have stated the mode of action of quorum-quenching molecule. The understanding of QS network in pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria will help us to solve many health-related problems in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731 235, India.
| | - Arun Kumar Ray
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731 235, India
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Yang Y, Mikš-Krajnik M, Zheng Q, Lee SB, Lee SC, Yuk HG. Biofilm formation of Salmonella Enteritidis under food-related environmental stress conditions and its subsequent resistance to chlorine treatment. Food Microbiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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48
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Tiwari R, Karthik K, Rana R, Singh Mali Y, Dhama K, Joshi SK. Quorum Sensing Inhibitors/antagonists Countering Food Spoilage Bacteria-need Molecular and Pharmaceutical Intervention for Protecting Current Issues of Food Safety. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.262.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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49
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Mousavi F, Bojko B, Bessonneau V, Pawliszyn J. Cinnamaldehyde Characterization as an Antibacterial Agent toward E. coli Metabolic Profile Using 96-Blade Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:963-75. [PMID: 26811002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mousavi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Barbara Bojko
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Vincent Bessonneau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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50
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Biofilm formation mechanisms and targets for developing antibiofilm agents. Future Med Chem 2016; 7:493-512. [PMID: 25875875 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are attached to a surface and play a significant role in the persistence of bacterial infections. Bacteria within a biofilm are several orders of magnitude more resistant to antibiotics, compared with planktonic bacteria. Thus far, no drugs are in clinical use that specifically target bacterial biofilms. This is probably because until recently the molecular details of biofilm formation were poorly understood. Bacteria integrate information from the environment, such as quorum-sensing autoinducers and nutrients, into appropriate biofilm-related gene expression, and the identity of the key players, such as cyclic dinucleotide second messengers and regulatory RNAs are beginning to be uncovered. Herein, we highlight the current understanding of the processes that lead to biofilm formation in many bacteria.
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