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Lee M, Lee KG. Effect of ultrasound and microwave treatment on the level of volatile compounds, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and isoflavones in soymilk processed with black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 99:106579. [PMID: 37683416 PMCID: PMC10495658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of ultrasound treatment (up to 9 min, 20 kHz, 130 W) on the volatile compounds, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, daidzin, genistin, and glycitin) in soymilk processed with microwave-roasted (700 W for 270 s) black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). 1-Hexanol and 1-octen-3-ol, unpleasant soybean flavors, were found to decrease by up to 96.13% and 93.04%, respectively, in ultrasound-treated soymilk compared to the control. 2,3-Diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, a baked flavor, which exhibited the highest odor impact ratio in soymilk processed with microwave-roasted soybean, increased significantly during ultrasound treatment (p < 0.05). The content of total isoflavones, polyphenols, and flavonoids increased (p < 0.05) with the increase in ultrasound treatment time. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that browning was positively correlated (p < 0.01) with total phenols, total furans, total pyrazines, total polyphenols, and total isoflavones. This study discusses the applicability of microwave-roasted soybeans for improving the volatile profile and bioactive compounds in soymilk and provides information on the effects of ultrasound treatment on the volatile compounds, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and isoflavones in soymilk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Geun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Mashhadi Abolghasem F, Kim RH, Park SY, Lim T, Lee H, Hwang KT, Kim J. Effects of roasting and ultrasound-assisted enzymatic treatment of Nigella sativa L. seeds on thymoquinone in the oil and antioxidant activity of defatted seed meal. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6208-6218. [PMID: 37148152 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black cumin seeds (black seed; BS) contain various bioactive compounds, such as thymoquinone (TQ). Roasting and ultrasound-assisted enzymatic treatment (UAET) as pre-treatments can increase the phytochemical content in the BS oil. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-treatments on the TQ content and the yield of the BS oil and to profile the composition of defatted BS meal (DBSM), followed by evaluating antioxidant properties of the DBSM. RESULTS The extraction yield of crude oil from BS was not affected by the roasting time. The highest extraction yield (47.8 ± 0.4%) was obtained with UAET cellulase-pH 5 (enzyme concentration of 100%). Roasting decreased the TQ content of the oil, while the UAET cellulase-pH 5 treatment with an enzyme concentration of 100% yielded the highest TQ (125.1 ± 2.7 μg mL-1 ). Additionally, the UAET cellulase-pH 5 treatment increased total phenolics and flavonoids of DBSM by approximately two-fold, compared to roasting or ultrasound treatment (UT) alone. Principal component analysis revealed that the UAET method might be more suitable for extracting BS oil with higher TQ content than roasting and UT. CONCLUSION Compared to roasting or UT, using ultrasound along with cellulase could improve the oil yield and TQ in the oil from BS and obtain the DBSM with higher phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mashhadi Abolghasem
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryun Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Education and Research Team for Sustainable Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Young Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Smart Farm Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Taehwan Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Haeseong Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keum Taek Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Education and Research Team for Sustainable Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaecheol Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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In silico and In vitro Analysis of Nigella sativa Bioactives Against Chorismate Synthase of Listeria monocytogenes: a Target Protein for Biofilm Inhibition. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:519-533. [PMID: 36098931 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes have the ability to form biofilms, which aid in the contamination of food and the evasion of antimicrobials. Consumption of L. monocytogenes laden food can promote mild to severe infection in humans and cause serious health issues. Therefore, biofilm development by L. monocytogenes is considered to be a major concern for both healthcare and food safety. This study attempted to target chorismate synthase, an essential protein predicted to be involved in the biofilm pathway. Nigella sativa is renowned for its applications in folk medicine; hence, bioactive ingredients reported were used for molecular docking studies. In the absence of a three-dimensional structure of chorismate synthase from L. monocytogenes, a homology model was generated using the Modeller program. A model with the highest DOPE score was chosen and validated. The reliable model was subjected to docking studies with 30 ligands from N. sativa. From this approach, α-longipinene was unveiled as the best hit. Further in vitro studies demonstrated the antibiofilm potential of α-longipinene against L. monocytogenes. Overall, the study reveals lead molecules from N. sativa as promising antibiofilm agents against L. monocytogenes. Hence, extended investigation with lead molecules will provide sustainable strategies to prevent biofilm-mediated problems due to L. monocytogenes.
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Volatile profile and multivariant analysis of Sanhuang chicken breast in combination with Chinese 5-spice blend and garam masala. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yang Y, Yu P, Sun J, Jia Y, Wan C, Zhou Q, Huang F. Investigation of volatile thiol contributions to rapeseed oil by odor active value measurement and perceptual interactions. Food Chem 2022; 373:131607. [PMID: 34819247 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Volatile thiols are important aroma components of rapeseed oil. This study established an identification and quantification method of volatile thiols via headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-sulfur chemiluminescence detection. Four thiols (phenylmethanthiol, 3-sulfanyl-1-hexanol, 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, and 2-furylmethanthiol) were newly identified in microwaved rapeseed oil, and cause sesame, roasted meat, and garlic odors. The total concentration of the four thiols in rapeseed oil obtained from 13 rapeseed varieties ranged from 11.47 to 153.72 μg/kg. Determination of the threshold revealed that 3-sulfanyl-1-hexanol possessed the highest odor active value (7565), followed by phenylmethanthiol (3589), 2-furylmethanthiol (626), and 2-methyl-3-furanthiol (28). Further, perceptual interactions between volatile thiols and characteristic odor (3-butenyl isothiocyanate) of rapeseed oil were evaluated by Feller's addition model and S-curve method, which revealed that 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, 2-furylmethanthiol, phenylmethanthiol, and 3-sulfanyl-1-hexanol present a positive effect with 3-butenyl isothiocyanate. This study provides deep insights into the impact of sulfur-containing compounds on the aroma of rapeseed oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yini Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oil Seed Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oil Seed Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yimin Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Chuyun Wan
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oil Seed Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oil Seed Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oil Seed Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, China
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Characterization of volatiles and non-volatiles as the key bioactive compounds in roasting pre-dried chilies. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Peng M, Lu D, Liu J, Jiang B, Chen J. Effect of Roasting on the Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Composition, and Nutritional Quality of Pumpkin ( Cucurbita pepo L.) Seeds. Front Nutr 2021; 8:647354. [PMID: 33777995 PMCID: PMC7988230 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.647354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the increasing awareness of health concerns and environment protection needs, there is a growing interest for consumers to choose plant-based food diets compared with those made from animal origin. Pumpkin seed is an excellent dietary source for protein, oil, and some essential micronutrients. Raw pumpkin seed may have a compromised flavor, color, as well as digestibility. Therefore, the objective of present study is to study the influence of roasting (120, 160, and 200°C for 10 min) on the phenolics content, flavonoids content, antioxidant property, fatty acids, and volatile matter composition, as well as protein profile of pumpkin seeds. Our results indicated that, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids content, as a consequence, total antioxidant capacity increased as the roasting temperature increased. Maillard reaction products and lipid peroxidation products were identified, especially from those pumpkin seeds roasted at high temperature. In the meantime, the composition and content of fatty acids did not change significantly after roasting. The results of electrophoresis and particle size analysis showed that the optimum roasting temperature was 160°C to obtain protein with better nutritional quality. The findings of this study may contribute to the utilization of pumpkin seed component in plant-based diets with increased nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Silva AFC, Haris PI, Serralheiro ML, Pacheco R. Mechanism of action and the biological activities of Nigella sativa oil components. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rahman MT. Potential benefits of combination of Nigella sativa and Zn supplements to treat COVID-19. J Herb Med 2020; 23:100382. [PMID: 32834942 PMCID: PMC7313527 DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic while there is no specific medicine against its causative agent SARS-CoV-2. As an complementary medicine Nigella sativa (black seed) could be considered for its bioactive components such as thymoquinone which was proven to have anti-viral activity. Further benefits to use N. sativa could be augmented by Zn supplement. Notably, Zn has been proven to improve innate and adaptive immunity in course of microbial infection. The effectiveness of the Zn salt supplement can be enhanced with N. sativa as its major bioactive component might work as ionophore to allow Zn2+ to enter pneumocytes and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by stopping its replicase enzyme system.
An effective vaccine to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19 is yet to be approved. Further there is no drug that is specific to treat COVID-19. A number of antiviral drugs such as Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Azithromycin and Doxycycline have been recommended or are being used to treat COVID-19 patients. In addition to these drugs, rationale and evidence have been presented to use chloroquine to treat COVID-19, arguably with certain precautions and criticism. In line with the proposed use of chloroquine, Nigella sativa (black seed) could be considered as a natural substitute that contains a number of bioactive components such as thymoquinone, dithymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, and nigellimine. Further benefits to use N. sativa could be augmented by Zn supplement. Notably, Zn has been proven to improve innate and adaptive immunity in the course of any infection, be it by pathogenic virus or bacteria. The effectiveness of the Zn salt supplement could also be enhanced with N. sativa as its major bioactive component might work as ionophore to allow Zn2+ to enter pneumocytes – the target cell for SARSCoV-2. Given those benefits, this review paper describes how N. sativa in combination with Zn could be useful as a complement to COVID-19 treatment.
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Seidavi AR, Laudadio V, Khazaei R, Puvača N, Selvaggi M, Tufarelli V. Feeding of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and its effects on poultry production and health. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1750328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - V. Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Study of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - R. Khazaei
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - N. Puvača
- Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Cvećarska, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M. Selvaggi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - V. Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Study of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
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Subratti A, Lalgee LJ, Jalsa NK. Efficient extraction of black cumin (
Nigella sativa
L.) seed oil containing thymol, using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Afraz Subratti
- Department of Chemistry The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lorale J. Lalgee
- Department of Chemistry The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Nigel K. Jalsa
- Department of Chemistry The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago
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Zhou Q, Geng F, Deng Q, Huang F, Wang J. Dynamic analysis of polar metabolites and volatile compounds in sesame seeds during roasting. Cereal Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition Wuhan China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition Wuhan China
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition Wuhan China
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu China
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Mazaheri Y, Torbati M, Azadmard-Damirchi S, Savage GP. A comprehensive review of the physicochemical, quality and nutritional properties of Nigella sativa oil. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2018.1563793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeganeh Mazaheri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sodeif Azadmard-Damirchi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Geoffrey P. Savage
- Food Group, Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
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Effects of different heating methods on the contents of nucleotides and related compounds in minced Pacific white shrimp and Antarctic krill. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Ozdemir N, Ozgen Y, Kiralan M, Bayrak A, Arslan N, Ramadan MF. Effect of different drying methods on the essential oil yield, composition and antioxidant activity of Origanum vulgare L. and Origanum onites L. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Recent Advances in Techniques for Flavor Recovery in Liquid Food Processing. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-017-9172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Shah MK, Asa G, Sherwood J, Graber K, Bergholz TM. Efficacy of vacuum steam pasteurization for inactivation of Salmonella PT 30, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Enterococcus faecium on low moisture foods. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 244:111-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Zhou Y, Fan W, Chu F, Pei D. Improvement of the Flavor and Oxidative Stability of Walnut Oil by Microwave Pretreatment. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Johnson-Ajinwo OR, Li WW. Stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for quantification of thymoquinone in black cumin seed oil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5466-5471. [PMID: 24871868 DOI: 10.1021/jf500357x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) is a widely used spice and herb, where thymoquinone (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone) is the major bioactive compound. Here, a stable isotope dilution (SID) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique was developed for the quantification of thymoquinone. A doubly deuterated thymoquinone ([(2)H2]-thymoquinone) was synthesized for the first time with more than 93% deuteration degree shown by mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR). This compound was used as an internal standard for the quantification of thymoquinone using a SID GC-MS method. The validation experiment showed a recovery rate of 99.1 ± 1.1% relative standard deviation (RSD). Standard addition and external calibration methods have also been used to quantify thymoquinone, which cross-validated the developed stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA). In comparison to external calibration and standard addition methods, the SIDA method is robust and accurate. The concentration of thymoquinone in five marketed black cumin seed oils ranged between 3.34 and 10.8 mg/mL by use of SID GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okiemute Rosa Johnson-Ajinwo
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University , Thornburrow Drive, ST4 7QB Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
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