1
|
Niciura SCM, Minho AP, McIntyre J, Benavides MV, Okino CH, Esteves SN, Chagas ACDS, Amarante AFTD. In vitro culture of parasitic stages of Haemonchus contortus. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2023; 32:e010122. [PMID: 36651422 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612023005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus is a constraint to sheep production. Seeking to reduce the use of hosts and produce parasitic stages in large-scale, a 42-day in vitro culture protocol of H. contortus third-stage larvae was optimized using Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). In cell-free culture, larvae were maintained at 39.6°C, in acidic media (pH 6.1) for 3 or 6 days with Δ4-dafachronic acid followed by DMEM pH 7.4 supplemented or not with Fildes' reagent. In DMEM pH 7.4 at 37°C, supplementation with Caco-2 cells was compared to Fildes. On Day 14, fourth-stage larvae (L4) development rates in acidic media supplemented (86.8-88.4%) or not (74.4-77.8%) with Fildes and in Caco-2 cell co-culture (92.6%) were similar, and superior to DMEM pH 7.4 with Fildes (0.0%). On Day 21, Caco-2 cell co-culture resulted in higher larvae differentiation (25.0%) and lower degeneration (13.9%) compared to acidic media (1.5-8.1% and 48.6-69.9%, respectively). This is the first report of prolonged in vitro culture of H. contortus larvae using commercial media in co-culture with Caco-2 cells. Although no progression to the adult stage, Caco-2 cell co-culture resulted in morphological differentiation of H. contortus L4 and larval viability for up to 28 days.
Collapse
|
2
|
Costa-Junior LM, Chaudhry UN, Silva CR, Sousa DM, Silva NC, Cutrim-Júnior JAA, Brito DRB, Sargison ND. Nemabiome metabarcoding reveals differences between gastrointestinal nematode species infecting co-grazed sheep and goats. Vet Parasitol 2020; 289:109339. [PMID: 33359968 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Our current understanding of differences in the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) species in co-grazed sheep and goats is inadequate with reference to the development of sustainable control strategies. The next-generation metabarcoding sequencing method referred to as the 'nemabiome' allows some of these differences to be explored to describe the intensity of co-infecting GIN species. We applied this platform to study sheep and goats that were co-grazed on Guinea grass pasture in northeastern Brazil. Co-grazed goats and sheep were treated with a monepantel anthelmintic, then exposed to the same gastrointestinal nematode species. Overall, there were differences in the prevalence of GIN species identified in the sheep and goats; Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Teladorsagia circumcincta predominated in goat kids, while Haemonchus contortus predominated in adult does, ewes and lambs once burdens became re-established after anthelmintic treatment. Description of the pattern of re-infection following anthelmintic treatment was prevented by the unpredicted poor efficacy of 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively, of monepantel against O. columbianum and T. circumcincta in lambs, and T. circumcincta adult does. Differences in drug efficacy between host age and species groups may be important when considering sustainable GIN control strategies for co-grazed animals. The aggregated FECs of the adult does and goat kids representing re-established GIN burdens, were higher than those of the co-grazed adult ewes and lambs. This implies that there are inherent differences in GIN species adaptation to the two naïve small ruminant host species, and shows the need for better understanding of the factors giving rise to this situation associated with exposure to infective larvae and host responses. At the start of the study, the adult does were co-infected with several GIN species, with the highest intensity of T. circumcincta, contrasting with the situation in the adult ewes, in which H. contortus predominated. However, once burdens became re-established after treatment, H. contortus predominated in both adult does and ewes. This demonstrates the potential for host burdens of H. contortus to establish and predominate after anthelmintic treatment when burdens of co-infecting GIN species are low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livio M Costa-Junior
- Federal University of Maranhão, Pathology Department, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Umer N Chaudhry
- University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina R Silva
- Federal University of Maranhão, Pathology Department, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Dauana M Sousa
- Federal University of Maranhão, Pathology Department, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Naylene C Silva
- Federal University of Maranhão, Pathology Department, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo R B Brito
- Animal Science Department, Federal Institute of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Neil D Sargison
- University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
In vitro nematicidal activity of two ferrocenyl chalcones against larvae of Haemonchus contortus (L 3) and Nacobbus aberrans (J 2). J Helminthol 2020; 94:e190. [PMID: 32912343 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x2000070x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this work was to evaluate the in vitro biological activity of two ferrocenyl chalcones (FcC-1 and FcC-2) against Haemonchus contortus (third-stage larvae (L3)) and Nacobbus aberrans (second-stage juveniles (J2)). Both compounds were synthesized and characterized by usual spectroscopic methods and their molecular structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. Nematode strains were examined in terms of percentage mortality of H. contortus (L3) by the action of FcC-1, which showed an effectivity of 100% at a concentration of 342 μM in 24 h, with EC50 = 20.33 μM and EC90 = 162.76 μM, whereas FcC-2 had an effectivity of 72% at a concentration of 342 μM in 24 h, with EC50 = 167.39 μM and EC90 = 316.21 μM. The effect of FcC-1 against nematode phytoparasite N. aberrans showed a better percentage of 95% at a concentration of 342 μM, with EC50 = 7.18 μM and EC90 = 79.25 μM, whereas the effect of FcC-2 was 87% at 342 μM, with EC50 = 168 μM and EC90 = 319.56 μM at 36 h. After treatment, the scanning electron micrographs revealed deformities in the dorsal flank and posterior part close to the tail of H. contortus L3. They showed moderate in vitro nematicidal activity against H. contortus L3 and N. aberrans J2.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Gastrointestinal nematodes significantly affect the ovine industry, and Haemonchus contortus is considered the most pathogenic parasite in tropical regions. This situation is aggravated when the main strategy to control worms fails because of the genetic resistance that parasites acquire against anthelmintics. Aiming to anticipate the events involved in anthelmintic resistance, we induced monepantel resistance in H. contortus by in vivo subdosing of sheep hosts. Four successive passages of a monepantel-susceptible H. contortus isolate in Santa Ines or Ile de France sheep hosts resulted in three monepantel-resistant (efficacy varying from 0 to 58.5%) H. contortus isolates. Sheep hosts were treated from 0.075 mg/kg to the therapeutic dose of 2.5 mg/kg of monepantel in 19-26 rounds of selection for 112-133 weeks. Success in inducing H. contortus resistance to monepantel may have been affected by worm burden and by host-parasite interactions, including a possible effect of the breed of sheep hosts. We conclude that subdosing of sheep, although time-consuming, is an efficient in vivo strategy for the induction of monepantel resistance in H. contortus. The resistant parasites can be used in further studies to elucidate the genetic and biochemical events involved in the acquisition of anthelmintic resistance.
Collapse
|
5
|
Hao H, Cheng G, Iqbal Z, Ai X, Hussain HI, Huang L, Dai M, Wang Y, Liu Z, Yuan Z. Benefits and risks of antimicrobial use in food-producing animals. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:288. [PMID: 24971079 PMCID: PMC4054498 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Benefits and risks of antimicrobial drugs, used in food-producing animals, continue to be complex and controversial issues. This review comprehensively presents the benefits of antimicrobials drugs regarding control of animal diseases, protection of public health, enhancement of animal production, improvement of environment, and effects of the drugs on biogas production and public health associated with antimicrobial resistance. The positive and negative impacts, due to ban issue of antimicrobial agents used in food-producing animals, are also included in the discussion. As a double-edged sword, use of these drugs in food-animals persists as a great challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Hao
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Guyue Cheng
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Zahid Iqbal
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yongtgz River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Hafiz I. Hussain
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yulian Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MOA Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MOA Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MOA Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rinaldi L, Morgan ER, Bosco A, Coles GC, Cringoli G. The maintenance of anthelmintic efficacy in sheep in a Mediterranean climate. Vet Parasitol 2014; 203:139-43. [PMID: 24630707 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To determine how far management practices on small ruminant dairy flocks in southern Italy have influenced the development of anthelmintic resistance (AR), faecal egg count (FEC) reduction tests were run on 54 sheep farms using the FLOTAC technique with a sensitivity of 2 eggs per gram of faeces. Tests were run on groups of sheep (12-20 animals per group) using six anthelmintics administered orally: levamisole on 8 farms, ivermectin (half and full dose) on 8 farms, moxidectin on 3 farms, monepantel on 8 farms, netobimin on 22 farms (pooled samples) and albendazole on 5 farms (pooled samples). Different formulae and statistics were used to calculate FEC reductions and confidence intervals based on the presence of a control group and/or the use of pooled samples. A very high average efficacy was obtained with all anthelmintics tested as follows: levamisole 99.3% (range across farms 98-100%), ivermectin half dose 99.5% (98.0-100%), ivermectin full dose 99.9% (99.3-100%), moxidectin 100% (99.9-100%), monepantel 99.4% (97-100%), netobimin 99.1% (92-100%) and albendazole 100%. The results suggest that the development of AR in small ruminants could be limited in countries with a Mediterranean type of climate provided that refugia of the nematode populations are maintained, anthelmintic use is restricted and movement of animals is not permitted to spread resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Regione Campania, Italy.
| | - Eric R Morgan
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK.
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Regione Campania, Italy.
| | - Gerald C Coles
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK.
| | - Giuseppe Cringoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Regione Campania, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
New advancement in anthelmintic drugs in veterinary medicine. Trends Parasitol 2013; 29:129-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
8
|
Roeber F, Larsen JWA, Anderson N, Campbell AJD, Anderson GA, Gasser RB, Jex AR. A molecular diagnostic tool to replace larval culture in conventional faecal egg count reduction testing in sheep. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37327. [PMID: 22629381 PMCID: PMC3358350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate diagnosis of parasitic nematode infections in livestock (including sheep and goats) is central to their effective control and the detection of the anthelmintic resistance. Traditionally, the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT), combined with the technique of larval culture (LC), has been used widely to assess drug-susceptibility/resistance in strongylid nematodes. However, this approach suffers from a lack of specificity, sensitivity and reliability, and is time-consuming and costly to conduct. Here, we critically assessed a specific PCR assay to support FECRT, in a well-controlled experiment on sheep with naturally acquired strongylid infections known to be resistant to benzimidazoles. We showed that the PCR results were in close agreement with those of total worm count (TWC), but not of LC. Importantly, albendazole resistance detected by PCR-coupled FECRT was unequivocally linked to Teladorsagia circumcincta and, to lesser extent, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, a result that was not achievable by LC. The key findings from this study demonstrate that our PCR-coupled FECRT approach has major merit for supporting anthelmintic resistance in nematode populations. The findings also show clearly that our PCR assay can be used as an alternative to LC, and is more time-efficient and less laborious, which has important practical implications for the effective management and control strongylid nematodes of sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Roeber
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (RBG); (FR)
| | - John W. A. Larsen
- Mackinnon Project, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Norman Anderson
- Mackinnon Project, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angus J. D. Campbell
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Mackinnon Project, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Garry A. Anderson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin B. Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (RBG); (FR)
| | - Aaron R. Jex
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Efficacy of monepantel and anthelmintic combinations against multiple-resistant Haemonchus contortus in sheep, including characterisation of the nematode isolate. Vet Parasitol 2012; 186:513-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
10
|
Potential drug development candidates for human soil-transmitted helminthiases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2011; 5:e1138. [PMID: 21695247 PMCID: PMC3111745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few drugs are available for soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH); the benzimidazoles albendazole and mebendazole are the only drugs being used for preventive chemotherapy as they can be given in one single dose with no weight adjustment. While generally safe and effective in reducing intensity of infection, they are contra-indicated in first-trimester pregnancy and have suboptimal efficacy against Trichuris trichiura. In addition, drug resistance is a threat. It is therefore important to find alternatives. Methodology We searched the literature and the animal health marketed products and pipeline for potential drug development candidates. Recently registered veterinary products offer advantages in that they have undergone extensive and rigorous animal testing, thus reducing the risk, cost and time to approval for human trials. For selected compounds, we retrieved and summarised publicly available information (through US Freedom of Information (FoI) statements, European Public Assessment Reports (EPAR) and published literature). Concomitantly, we developed a target product profile (TPP) against which the products were compared. Principal Findings The paper summarizes the general findings including various classes of compounds, and more specific information on two veterinary anthelmintics (monepantel, emodepside) and nitazoxanide, an antiprotozoal drug, compiled from the EMA EPAR and FDA registration files. Conclusions/Significance Few of the compounds already approved for use in human or animal medicine qualify for development track decision. Fast-tracking to approval for human studies may be possible for veterinary compounds like emodepside and monepantel, but additional information remains to be acquired before an informed decision can be made. There are few drugs - none ideal - for the treatment and control of gastrointestinal helminths (soil-transmitted nematodes) which, as chronic infections jeopardize children's growth, learning and ultimately individual, community and country development. Drugs for helminths are not attractive in human medicine, but are lucrative in animal health. Traditionally, investment in veterinary medicines has benefited humans for these diseases. With modern regulations an approved veterinary medicine can be tested in humans with little adaptation, reducing time and cost of development. We searched for products that could easily be transitioned into humans, having the necessary characteristics for use in communities exposed to these infections. A limited number of candidates met the main criteria for selection. We provide here a detailed analysis of two veterinary products, emodepside and monepantel, and nitazoxanide, which is approved for human use. In addition we include a less detailed analysis of all products examined, and the criteria on which the analysis was based. It is clear that the pipeline of easily obtainable human anthelminthics remains extremely limited, and further efforts are needed to find replacements for the inadequate number of products available today.
Collapse
|
11
|
Jones MD, Hunter RP, Dobson DP, Reymond N, Strehlau GA, Kubacki P, Tranchard ESN, Walters ME. European field study of the efficacy and safety of the novel anthelmintic monepantel in sheep. Vet Rec 2011; 167:610-3. [PMID: 21257441 DOI: 10.1136/vr.c4477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
During 2007, a large-scale controlled, multicentre, blinded and randomised field study was conducted in Scotland, England and France to assess the efficacy and safety of monepantel, the first molecule to be developed from the recently discovered amino-acetonitrile derivatives class of anthelmintics, in sheep. Monepantel was administered orally, at a minimum dose of 2.5 mg/kg bodyweight, for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep maintained at pasture in a range of commercial production systems. Efficacy was measured by faecal egg count (FEC) reduction tests seven days after treatment and was demonstrated to be over 98 per cent against mixed-genus infections. The reduction in FEC of monepantel-treated sheep was statistically significantly greater than in untreated control sheep (P<0.0001). The efficacy of monepantel against mixed-genus natural field infections of the major gastrointestinal nematodes was in agreement with similar studies conducted in Australia and New Zealand. There were no treatment-related adverse events during the study, which included the use of a range of concomitant treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Jones
- Novartis Animal Health, Frimley Business Park, Frimley, Camberley, Surrey GU16 7SR.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Differences in efficacy of monepantel, derquantel and abamectin against multi-resistant nematodes of sheep. Parasitol Res 2010; 109:19-23. [PMID: 21161271 PMCID: PMC3118001 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance has become a global phenomenon in gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep, particularly resistance to macrocyclic lactones. New anthelmintics are urgently needed for both the control of infections with multi-resistant nematodes in areas where classical anthelmintics are no longer effective, and the prevention of the spread of resistance in areas where the problem is not as severe. Recently, two new active ingredients became commercially available for the treatment of nematode infections in sheep, monepantel (Zolvix®) and derquantel, the latter used only in a formulated combination with the macrocyclic lactone, abamectin (Startect®). In order to assess the potential of the new actives for the control and prevention of spread of anthelmintic resistance, two characterized multi-resistant field isolates from Australia were used in a GLP (good laboratory practice) conducted efficacy study in sheep. Eight infected sheep in each group were treated orally according to the product labels with 2.5 mg/kg body weight monepantel, 0.2 mg/kg abamectin, or with the combination of 2.0 mg/kg derquantel and 0.2 mg/kg abamectin. The results demonstrate that monepantel was fully effective against multi-resistant species, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus (99.9%). In contrast, the combination of derquantel and abamectin was effective against T. colubriformis (99.9%), but was not effective against larval stages of the barber's pole worm H. contortus (18.3%).
Collapse
|
13
|
Stein P, Rolfe P, Hosking B. The control of inhibited fourth-stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia spp. in sheep in Australia with monepantel. Vet Parasitol 2010; 169:358-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Hosking BC, Stein PA, Karadzovska D, House JK, Seewald W, Giraudel JM. Effect of route of administration on the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of an experimental formulation of the amino-acetonitrile derivative monepantel in sheep. Vet Rec 2010; 166:490-4. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.b4830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. C. Hosking
- Novartis Animal Health Australasia, Yarrandoo R&D Centre; 245 Western Road Kemps Creek New South Wales 2178 Australia
| | - P. A. Stein
- Novartis Animal Health Australasia, Yarrandoo R&D Centre; 245 Western Road Kemps Creek New South Wales 2178 Australia
| | - D. Karadzovska
- Novartis Animal Health Australasia, Yarrandoo R&D Centre; 245 Western Road Kemps Creek New South Wales 2178 Australia
| | - J. K. House
- Livestock Veterinary Teaching and Research Unit; Faculty of Veterinary Science; University of Sydney; 410 Werombi Road Camden New South Wales 2570 Australia
| | - W. Seewald
- Novartis Animal Health; Schwarzwaldallee 215 4058 Basel Switzerland
| | - J. M. Giraudel
- Novartis Centre de Recherche Santé Animale; 1566 Saint-Aubin Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paraud C, Pors I, Rehby L, Chartier C. Absence of ivermectin resistance in a survey on dairy goat nematodes in France. Parasitol Res 2010; 106:1475-9. [PMID: 20155368 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-1781-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anthelmintic resistance is very prevalent in ruminant strongyle populations, especially in goats. Several occurrences of multiple anthelminthic resistances have been reported in goat flocks throughout the world, including resistance to the most recent macrocyclic lactones. A faecal egg count reduction test was conducted to detect resistance to ivermectin in French goat flocks. Thirty goats per flock were randomly selected in 22 flocks and allocated into two groups of 15 animals: an untreated control group and an ivermectin-treated group (0.3 mg/kg BW per os). Individual faecal egg counts and pooled larval cultures were performed 16-17 days after anthelmintic treatment for control and treated groups. FECR's were calculated for treated group vs. control one and when <95/100, were considered as indicative of anthelmintic resistance. FECR results indicated the absence of ivermectin resistance in nematode populations from all the 22 goat farms. The nematode genera involved in control groups were of Teladorsagia/Trichostrongylus, Haemonchus and Oesophagostomum/Chabertia types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carine Paraud
- AFSSA site de Niort, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches Caprines, 60 rue de Pied de Fond, BP 3081 79012 Niort, Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jackson AE. Scientific and clinical: In this issue - November 2009. Aust Vet J 2010; 87:427-8. [PMID: 19857230 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
A pooled analysis of the efficacy of monepantel, an amino-acetonitrile derivative against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. Parasitol Res 2009; 106:529-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|