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Mishra S, Shelar SB, Barick KC, Hassan PA, Agarwal N. Near infra-red absorbing Quinolizidine fused curcuminoid-BF 2 chelate and its applications in photodynamic therapy using MCF-7 and A549 cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103951. [PMID: 38161036 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Metal-free near-infrared absorbing photosensitizers (PS) have been considered promising candidates for photodynamic therapy. Curcumin, curcuminoid, and its derivatives have therapeutic values due to their anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antiproliferative properties. Curcuminoid-BF2 chelates have also been studied as cell imaging probes, however, their applications in photodynamic therapy are rare. In this article, we describe the synthesis and therapeutic evaluation of quinolizidine fused curcuminoid-BF2 chelate (Quinolizidine CUR-BF2) containing an acid-sensitive group. This donor-acceptor-donor curcuminoid-BF2 derivative exhibits absorption and emission in the deep red region with an absorption band maximum of ∼647 nm and a weak emission band at approximately 713 nm. It is interesting to note that this derivative has a high molar extinction coefficient (164,655 M-1cm-1). Quinolizidine CUR-BF2 possesses intramolecular charge transfer properties, facilitating the production of singlet oxygen (1O2), which plays a crucial role in cell death. Additionally, Quinolizidine CUR-BF2 can enable the selective release of active ingredients in an acidic medium (pH 5). Furthermore, the nanoaggregates of PS were prepared by encapsulating Quinolizidine CUR-BF2 within Pluronic F127 block co-polymer for better water-dispersibility and enhanced cellular uptake. Dark cytotoxicity of nanoaggregates was found to be negligible, whereas they exhibited significant photoinduced cytotoxicity towards cancer cells (MCF-7 and A549) under irradiation of 635 nm light. Further, the cell death pathway using Quinolizidine CUR-BF2 nanoaggregates as PS is found to occur through apoptosis. Specifically, the present study deals with the successful preparation of Quinolizidine CUR-BF2 nanoaggregates for enhanced water-dispersibility and cellular uptake as well as the efficacy evaluation of developed nanoaggregates for photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Mishra
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Sandeep B Shelar
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - K C Barick
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - P A Hassan
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
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Advances in Liposome-Encapsulated Phthalocyanines for Photodynamic Therapy. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020305. [PMID: 36836662 PMCID: PMC9965606 DOI: 10.3390/life13020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This updated review aims to describe the current status in the development of liposome-based systems for the targeted delivery of phthalocyanines for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Although a number of other drug delivery systems (DDS) can be found in the literature and have been studied for phthalocyanines or similar photosensitizers (PSs), liposomes are by far the closest to clinical practice. PDT itself finds application not only in the selective destruction of tumour tissues or the treatment of microbial infections, but above all in aesthetic medicine. From the point of view of administration, some PSs can advantageously be delivered through the skin, but for phthalocyanines, systemic administration is more suitable. However, systemic administration places higher demands on advanced DDS, active tissue targeting and reduction of side effects. This review focuses on the already described liposomal DDS for phthalocyanines, but also describes examples of DDS used for structurally related PSs, which can be assumed to be applicable to phthalocyanines as well.
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Wang B, Wang M, Peng F, Fu X, Wen M, Shi Y, Chen M, Ke G, Zhang XB. Construction and Application of DNAzyme-based Nanodevices. Chem Res Chin Univ 2023; 39:42-60. [PMID: 36687211 PMCID: PMC9841151 DOI: 10.1007/s40242-023-2334-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of stimuli-responsive nanodevices with high efficiency and specificity is very important in biosensing, drug delivery, and so on. DNAzymes are a class of DNA molecules with the specific catalytic activity. Owing to their unique catalytic activity and easy design and synthesis, the construction and application of DNAzymes-based nanodevices have attracted much attention in recent years. In this review, the classification and properties of DNAzyme are first introduced. The construction of several common kinds of DNAzyme-based nanodevices, such as DNA motors, signal amplifiers, and logic gates, is then systematically summarized. We also introduce the application of DNAzyme-based nanodevices in sensing and therapeutic fields. In addition, current limitations and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Menghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Fangqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Fu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022 P. R. China
| | - Mei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Mei Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
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Algorri JF, Ochoa M, Roldán-Varona P, Rodríguez-Cobo L, López-Higuera JM. Photodynamic Therapy: A Compendium of Latest Reviews. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4447. [PMID: 34503255 PMCID: PMC8430498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapy against cancer. Even though it has been investigated for more than 100 years, scientific publications have grown exponentially in the last two decades. For this reason, we present a brief compendium of reviews of the last two decades classified under different topics, namely, overviews, reviews about specific cancers, and meta-analyses of photosensitisers, PDT mechanisms, dosimetry, and light sources. The key issues and main conclusions are summarized, including ways and means to improve therapy and outcomes. Due to the broad scope of this work and it being the first time that a compendium of the latest reviews has been performed for PDT, it may be of interest to a wide audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Algorri
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Mario Ochoa
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pablo Roldán-Varona
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | | | - José Miguel López-Higuera
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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Wang K, Yu B, Pathak JL. An update in clinical utilization of photodynamic therapy for lung cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:1154-1160. [PMID: 33442413 PMCID: PMC7797657 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, with nearly 1.8 million-diagnosis and 1.59 million deaths. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy in individual or combination are commonly used to treat lung cancers. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a highly selective method for the destruction of cancer cells by exerting cytotoxic activity on malignant cells. PDT has been the subject of numerous clinical studies and has proven to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy. Clinical studies revealed that PDT could prolong survival in patients with inoperable cancers and significantly improve quality of life. For inoperable lung cancer cases, PDT could be an effective therapy. Despite the clinical success reported, PDT is still currently underutilized to treat lung cancer and other tumors. PTD is still a new treatment approach for lung cancer mainly due to the lack of enough clinical research evaluating its' effectiveness and side effects. In this review, we discuss the current prospects and future potentials of PDT in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- International Medicine Center, Tianjin Hospital, 406 south of JieFang road, HeXi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Boxin Yu
- International Medicine Center, Tianjin Hospital, 406 south of JieFang road, HeXi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Janak L. Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
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Shen J, Lu Z, Wang J, Zhang T, Yang J, Li Y, Liu G, Zhang X. Advances of Nanoparticles for Leukemia Treatment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6478-6489. [PMID: 33320613 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is a liquid tumor caused by a hematopoietic stem cell malignant clone, which seriously affects the normal function of the hematopoietic system. Conventional drugs have poor therapeutic effects due to their poor specificity and stability. With the development of nanotechnology, nonviral nanoparticles bring hope for the efficient treatment of leukemia. Nanoparticles are easily modified. They can be designed to target lesion sites and control drug release. Thereby, nanoparticles can improve the effects of drugs and reduce side effects. This review mainly focuses on and summarizes the current research progress of nanoparticles to deliver different leukemia therapeutic drugs, as to demonstrate the potential of nanoparticles in leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jianze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Tianlu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Guiying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
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Shi X, Zhang H, Jin W, Liu W, Yin H, Li Y, Dong H. Metronomic photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid induces apoptosis and autophagy in human SW837 colorectal cancer cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 198:111586. [PMID: 31437760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) has emerged as an attractive treatment for the selective destruction of tumor cells by induction of apoptosis. Here, we compared the effects of mPDT and acute photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on human SW837 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. CRC cells were subjected to mPDT using various exposure durations, concentrations of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), fluence rates and energy densities. The effects were compared with those induced by aPDT. We found that apoptosis and autophagy were earlier induced to a greater extent by mPDT than by the same dose applied as aPDT. The survival rates for mPDT vs. aPDT were 35.2%, 32.4%,27.6%,31.6% vs. 85.7%, 71.1%, 67.8%, 42.1% after 3, 6, 12, and 24 h PDT, respectively. For the same time points, the apoptotic rates for mPDT vs. aPDT were 43.2%, 47.3%, 54.7%, and 50.3% vs. 14.6%, 17.6%, 27.1%, and 53.2%, respectively. mPDT induced a peak rate of autophagy of 20.0% at 3 h, whereas aPDT induced two smaller peaks at 3 h (14.1%) and 12 h (15.8%). Advanced autophagosomes were more abundant in mPDT- than aPDT-treated cells and appeared earlier after mPDT (3 h) than after aPDT (3-12 h). Western Bloting results showed that the ratio of LC3B-II/β - actin at 3 h was higher (1.04 times) after mPDT than aPDT. Collectively, these datas indicated that ALA-mPDT was more effective than the same dose of ALA-aPDT at inducing SW837 CRC cell death via apoptosis and autophagy. Thus, mPDT may be a superior choice than aPDT for the treatment of human CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafei Shi
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- PETCT Centre of Shanxi Province Tumor Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030013, China
| | - Wendong Jin
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Weichao Liu
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Huijuan Yin
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Yingxin Li
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Huajiang Dong
- Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, China
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Manfrin A, Nizkorodov SA, Malecha KT, Getzinger GJ, McNeill K, Borduas-Dedekind N. Reactive Oxygen Species Production from Secondary Organic Aerosols: The Importance of Singlet Oxygen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:8553-8562. [PMID: 31306003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic aerosols are subjected to atmospheric processes driven by sunlight, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) capable of transforming their physicochemical properties. In this study, secondary organic aerosols (SOA) generated from aromatic precursors were found to sensitize singlet oxygen (1O2), an arguably underappreciated atmospheric ROS. Specifically, we quantified 1O2, OH radical, and H2O2 quantum yields within photoirradiated solutions of laboratory-generated SOA from toluene, biphenyl, naphthalene, and 1,8-dimethylnaphthalene. At 5 mgC L-1 of SOA extracts, the average steady-state concentrations of 1O2 and of OH radicals in irradiated solutions were 3 ± 1 × 10-14 M and 3.6 ± 0.9 × 10-17 M, respectively. Furthermore, ROS quantum yields of irradiated ambient PM10 extracts were comparable to those from laboratory-generated SOA, suggesting a similarity in ROS production from both types of samples. Finally, by using our measured ROS concentrations, we predict that certain organic compounds found in aerosols, such as amino acids, organo-nitrogen compounds, and phenolic compounds have shortened lifetimes by more than a factor of 2 when 1O2 is considered as an additional sink. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of SOA as a source of 1O2 and its potential as a competitive ROS species in photooxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Sergey A Nizkorodov
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Kurtis T Malecha
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Gordon J Getzinger
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
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9
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Fu C, Kuang BH, Qin L, Zeng XY, Wang BC. Efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy with amino-5-laevulinate nanoemulsion versus methyl-5-aminolaevulinate for actinic keratosis: A meta-analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:408-414. [PMID: 31310826 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for actinic keratosis. 5-aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsion (BF-200 ALA) and methyl-5-aminolevulinate (MAL) are both prodrugs for the treatment of actinic keratosis with photodynamic therapy. A comparison of the efficacy and safety between the drugs is critical for clinical practice. OBJECTIVES To investigate if photodynamic therapy in combination with BF-200 ALA is superior to photodynamic therapy with MAL for actinic keratosis. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the combination of photodynamic therapy with BF-200 ALA and with MAL. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and EMBASE databases were searched to select eligible randomized controlled trials. Our search was conducted on April 1, 2019, and included the search terms "5-aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsion or BF-200 ALA", "methyl-5-aminolevulinate or methyl aminolaevulinate" and "actnic keratosis". Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to estimate the risk of bias. RESULTS The meta-analysis consisted of 5988 actinic keratosis lesions in five eligible randomized controlled trials, with a total of 2953 actinic keratosis lesions treated with BF-200 ALA and 3035 actinic keratosis lesions treated with MAL. BF-200 ALA in combination with photodynamic therapy showed significantly higher overall complete clearance rates (RR: 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.12, p = 0.01) and 3 month complete clearance rates (RR: 1.09, 95% CI 1.06-1.12, p < 0.00001) compared to MAL. A subgroup analysis was performed for photodynamic therapy combined with BF-200 ALA, revealing increased complete clearance rates of grade II-III lesions in comparison with MAL (RR: 1.24, 95% CI 1.05-1.46, p = 0.01). Compared with MAL, the pooled relative risk for the meta-analysis for recurrence was 0.67 (95% CI 0.48-0.92, p = 0.01) at 12 month after BF-200 ALA treatment. CONCLUSION Photodynamic therapy with BF-200 ALA has a 9% better chance of complete clearance at 3 months and a 24% better chance of grade II-III lesions after treatment than with MAL for patients with actinic keratosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bo-Hua Kuang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Dermatology, the First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xian-Yu Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, the First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Guleria M, Das T, Vats K, Amirdhanayagam J, Mathur A, Sarma HD, Dash A. Preparation and evaluation of 99mTc-labeled porphyrin complexes prepared using PNP and HYNIC cores: studying the effects of core selection on pharmacokinetics and tumor uptake in a mouse model. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:606-615. [PMID: 31057740 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00559a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are tetrapyrrolic macrocyclic ligands known for their affinity towards neoplastic tissues and once radiolabeled with a suitable diagnostic radioisotope could potentially be used for the imaging of tumorous lesions. In the present study, an unsymmetrically substituted porphyrin derivative namely 5-(p-amino-propyloxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(carboxymethyleneoxyphenyl)-porphyrin was synthesized and modified further to enable radiolabeling with 99mTc using two different 99mTc-cores viz. 99mTc-HYNIC (hydrazino nicotinic acid) and 99mTc(N)PNP2 (PNP2 = bis-[(2-dimethylphosphino)ethyl]-methoxy-ethylamine) in order to study the effect of employing different 99mTc-cores on tumor affinity and pharmacokinetic behavior of the resultant 99mTc-labeled porphyrin complexes. 99mTc-Porphyrin complexes were characterized by reversed phase HPLC studies and could be prepared with >95% radiochemical purity under optimized radiolabeling conditions. Both 99mTc-complexes were found to be adequately stable in human blood serum till 3 h post-preparation. Bio-distribution studies, carried out in Swiss mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumors, revealed relatively higher tumor uptake for the 99mTc-HYNIC-porphyrin complex (3.95 ± 1.42 and 3.28 ± 0.27% IA per g) compared to that exhibited by the 99mTc(N)PNP-DTC-porphyrin complex (1.52 ± 0.53 and 1.56 ± 0.10% IA per g) at 1.5 and 3 h post-administration, although the former complex exhibited comparatively lower lipophilicity in the octanol-water system. Higher uptake and longer retention in the blood were observed for the 99mTc-HYNIC-porphyrin complex (6.63 ± 0.75 and 4.36 ± 0.25% IA per g) compared to that exhibited by the 99mTc(N)PNP-DTC-porphyrin complex (2.41 ± 0.54 and 2.30 ± 0.16% IA per g) at both 1.5 and 3 h post-administration. However, relatively lower liver uptake was observed for the former complex (19.26 ± 3.48 and 18.45 ± 1.05% IA per g) than that exhibited by the latter one (39.37 ± 3.88 and 34.15 ± 8.25% IA per g) at both 1.5 and 3 h post-administration. This study indicates that the in vivo behavior exhibited by the 99mTc-labeled porphyrins not only depends on their lipophilicity/hydrophilicity but is also governed by the Tc-cores employed for radiolabeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
| | - Kusum Vats
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Jeyachitra Amirdhanayagam
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Anupam Mathur
- Radiopharmaceuticals Program , Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology , Vashi , Navi Mumbai - 400703 , India
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
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Yang Y, Zhu W, Feng L, Chao Y, Yi X, Dong Z, Yang K, Tan W, Liu Z, Chen M. G-Quadruplex-Based Nanoscale Coordination Polymers to Modulate Tumor Hypoxia and Achieve Nuclear-Targeted Drug Delivery for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6867-6875. [PMID: 30303384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-triggered therapy used to kill cancer cells by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a new kind of DNA nanostructure based on the coordination between calcium ions (Ca2+) and AS1411 DNA G quadruplexes to form nanoscale coordination polymers (NCPs) is developed via a simple method. Both chlorine e6 (Ce6), a photosensitizer, and hemin, an iron-containing porphyrin, can be inserted into the G-quadruplex structure in the obtained NCPs. With further polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification, we obtain Ca-AS1411/Ce6/hemin@pHis-PEG (CACH-PEG) NCP nanostructure that enables the intranuclear transport of photosensitizer Ce6 to generate ROS inside cell nuclei that are the most vulnerable to ROS. Meanwhile, the inhibition of antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression by AS1411 allows for greatly improved PDT-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the catalase-mimicking DNAzyme function of G-quadruplexes and hemin in those NCPs could decompose tumor endogenous H2O2 to in situ generate oxygen so as to further enhance PDT by overcoming the hypoxia-associated resistance. This work develops a simple yet general method with which to fabricate DNA-based NCPs and presents an interesting concept of a nanoscale drug-delivery system that could achieve the intranuclear delivery of photosensitizers, the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins, and the modulation of the unfavorable tumor microenvironment simultaneously for improved cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Liangzhu Feng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Yu Chao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Xuan Yi
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) , Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Ziliang Dong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) , Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute, McKnight Brain Institute , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau , China
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Mathis T, Jardel P, Loria O, Delaunay B, Nguyen AM, Lanza F, Mosci C, Caujolle JP, Kodjikian L, Thariat J. New concepts in the diagnosis and management of choroidal metastases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 68:144-176. [PMID: 30240895 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The most frequent site of ocular metastasis is the choroid. The occurrence of choroidal metastases has increased steadily due to the longer survival of metastatic patients and the improvement of diagnostic tools. Fundoscopy, ultrasonography, and fluorescein angiography are now complemented by indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography. Choroidal tumor biopsy may also confirm the metastatic nature of the tumor and help to determine the site of the primary malignancy. There is currently no consensus on the treatment strategy. Most patients have a limited life expectancy and for these complex treatments are generally not recommended. However, recent advances in systemic therapy have significantly improved survival of certain patients who may benefit from an aggressive ocular approach that could preserve vision. Although external beam radiation therapy is the most widely used treatment, more advanced forms of radiotherapy that are associated with fewer side effects can be proposed in select cases. In patients with a shorter life expectancy, systemic therapies such as those targeting oncogenic drivers, or immunotherapy can induce a regression of the choroidal metastases, and may be sufficient to temporarily decrease visual symptoms. However, they often acquire resistance to systemic treatment and ocular relapse usually requires radiotherapy for durable control. Less invasive office-based treatments, such as photodynamic therapy and intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF, may also help to preserve vision while reducing time spent in medical settings for patients in palliative care. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on choroidal metastases, with emphasis on the most recent findings in epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Mathis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France; UMR-CNRS 5510 Matéis, 69100, Villeurbane, France
| | - Pauline Jardel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chicoutimi Hospital, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Loria
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France
| | - Benoit Delaunay
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France
| | - Anh-Minh Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France
| | - Francesco Lanza
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Center, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Mosci
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Center, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Laurent Kodjikian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France; UMR-CNRS 5510 Matéis, 69100, Villeurbane, France
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Centre François Baclesse - ARCHADE, Unicaen - Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
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Guleria M, Das T, Amirdhanayagam J, Sarma HD, Dash A. Comparative Evaluation of Using NOTA and DOTA Derivatives as Bifunctional Chelating Agents in the Preparation of 68Ga-Labeled Porphyrin: Impact on Pharmacokinetics and Tumor Uptake in a Mouse Model. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:8-16. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2017.2337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Haladhar D. Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Choi J, Lee SE, Park JS, Kim SY. Gold nanorod-photosensitizer conjugates with glutathione-sensitive linkages for synergistic cancer photodynamic/photothermal therapy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1340-1354. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jongseon Choi
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology; Chungnam National University; Daejeon Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Lee
- Department of Physical Pharmacy; College of Pharmacy; Chungnam National University; Daejeon Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Park
- Department of Physical Pharmacy; College of Pharmacy; Chungnam National University; Daejeon Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology; Chungnam National University; Daejeon Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering Education; College of Education; Chungnam National University; Daejeon Korea
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15
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The role of microRNAs in photodynamic therapy of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:550-555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Song L, Li C, Zou Y, Dai F, Luo X, Wang B, Ni J, Liu Q. O2 and Ca(2+) fluxes as indicators of apoptosis induced by rose bengal-mediated photodynamic therapy in human oral squamous carcinoma cells. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 33:258-65. [PMID: 25954827 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2014.3863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Photodynamic therapy (PDT) triggers various cellular responses and induces cell death via necrosis and/or apoptosis. This study evaluated the feasibility of using O2 and Ca(2+) fluxes as indicators of apoptosis induced by rose bengal (RB)-mediated PDT in human oral squamous carcinoma cells (Cal27 cells). METHODS Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was assessed by the dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method. Real-time O2 and Ca(2+) flux measurements were performed using the noninvasive micro-test technique (NMT). Apoptosis of the PDT-treated cells was confirmed by 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-dilactate staining. The activation of apoptosis-related molecules was examined using Western blot. We assayed the effects of the fluctuation of O2 and Ca(2+) flux in response to PDT and the apoptotic mechanism, by which ROS, O2, and Ca(2+) synergistically may trigger apoptosis in PDT-treated cells. RESULTS Real-time O2 and Ca(2+) flux measurements revealed that these indicators were involved in the timely regulation of apoptosis in the PDT-treated cells and were activated 2 h after PDT treatment. RB-mediated PDT significantly elicited the generation of ROS by approximately threefold, which was critical for PDT-induced apoptosis. Cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9 and poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) were overexpressed, and the data provided evidence that 2 h was considered to be the key observation time in RB-mediated PDT-induced apoptosis in Cal27 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our collective results indicated that the effects of O2 and Ca(2+) fluxes may act as a real-time biomonitoring system of apoptosis in the RB-PDT-treated cells. Also, RB-mediated PDT can be a potential and effective therapeutic modality in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- 1 Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan, China
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Ahn MY, Yoon HE, Moon SY, Kim YC, Yoon JH. Intratumoral Photodynamic Therapy With Newly Synthesized Pheophorbide a in Murine Oral Cancer. Oncol Res 2016; 25:295-304. [PMID: 27629775 PMCID: PMC7841246 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14732527645922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic alternative for malignant tumors that uses a photosensitizer. Our group recently synthesized photosensitizer pheophorbide a (Pa) from chlorophyll-a. The present study investigated the therapeutic effect of PDT using intratumoral administration of the synthetic photosensitizer Pa in an in vivo murine oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) animal model. Pa accumulation was measured using the fluorescence spectrum and imaging in living C3H mice. Intratumoral treatment of Pa-PDT (IT Pa-PDT) significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted OSCC cells. Histopathological examination of tumor tissues showed that PCNA expression was significantly decreased, while TUNEL-stained cells were markedly increased in the IT Pa-PDT group compared to controls. IT Pa-PDT-induced apoptosis was confirmed by immunoblot. Reduction of Bcl-2 and cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP were observed in IT Pa-PDT. These data demonstrate that IT Pa-PDT inhibited tumor cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, which is correlated with the anticancer activity of IT Pa-PDT. These potent antitumor activities of IT Pa-PDT were observed in both the immunohistochemistry and Western blot experiments. Our findings suggest the intratumoral therapeutic potential of Pa-PDT on OSCC. Additionally, demonstrated detection of Pa using a fluorescence spectroscopy system or molecular imaging system provides a means for simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Ahn
- College of Medical and Life Sciences, Division of Bio-industry, Major in Pharmaceutical Engineering, Silla University, Busan, South Korea
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18
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He P, Bo S, Chung PS, Ahn JC, Zhou L. Photosensitizer effect of 9-hydroxypheophorbide α on diode laser-irradiated laryngeal cancer cells: Oxidative stress-directed cell death and migration suppression. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1889-1895. [PMID: 27588136 PMCID: PMC4997988 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect, and elucidate the potential mechanisms, of 9-hydroxypheophorbide α-based photodynamic therapy (9-HPbD-PDT) on apoptosis and necrosis induction, and migration suppression of laryngeal cancer AMC-HN-3 (HN-3) cells. Phototoxicity initiated by 9-HPbD-PDT on HN-3 cells was observed in a photosensitizer dose-dependent pattern. There was an initial increase of apoptotic cells coupled with gradual enhancement of reactive oxygen series (ROS) generation at lower doses of 9-HPbD. By contrast, at a higher dose of 9-HPbD, there was a clear increase of necrotic cells with a gradual decrease of ROS generation. Following PDT, an elevated percentage of apoptotic cells with shrinkage or condensing nuclei was observed using Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide double staining, and an upregulated expression of poly ADP-ribose polymerase was detected through western blotting. A disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential was detected 2 h following PDT. Significant suppression of cell migration and downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression were recorded following PDT. These results indicate that the distribution of photosensitizer leads to differences in the generation of ROS, which subsequently determines the type of cell death. Overall, mitochondrial activation under oxidative stress is important in the 9-HPbD-PDT-induced apoptosis of HN-3 cells. Migration suppression of HN-3 cells following PDT may be associated with the inhibited expression of EGFR, due to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China; Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Shen Bo
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
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Chatterjee SR, Kamat JP, Shetty SJ, Srivastava TS, Devasagayam TPA. Oxidative damage induced by a novel porphyrin on rat brain mitochondria and its possible implications in therapy. Redox Rep 2016; 3:183-8. [DOI: 10.1080/13510002.1997.11747107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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20
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Deng X, Chen Y, Cheng Z, Deng K, Ma P, Hou Z, Liu B, Huang S, Jin D, Lin J. Rational design of a comprehensive cancer therapy platform using temperature-sensitive polymer grafted hollow gold nanospheres: simultaneous chemo/photothermal/photodynamic therapy triggered by a 650 nm laser with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:6837-50. [PMID: 26956400 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08253f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Combining multi-model treatments within one single system has attracted great interest for the purpose of synergistic therapy. In this paper, hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNs) coated with a temperature-sensitive polymer, poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate-co-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate) (p(OEGMA-co-MEMA)), co-loaded with DOX and a photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) were successfully synthesized. As high as 58% DOX and 6% Ce6 by weight could be loaded onto the HAuNs-p(OEGMA-co-MEMA) nanocomposites. The grafting polymer brushes outside the HAuNs play the role of "gate molecules" for controlled drug release by 650 nm laser radiation owing to the temperature-sensitive property of the polymer and the photothermal effect of HAuNs. The HAuNs-p(OEGMA-co-MEMA)-Ce6-DOX nanocomposites with 650 nm laser radiation show effective inhibition of cancer cells in vitro and enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. In contrast, control groups without laser radiation show little cytotoxicity. The nanocomposite demonstrates a way of "killing three birds with one stone", that is, chemotherapy, photothermal and photodynamic therapy are triggered simultaneously by the 650 nm laser stimulation. Therefore, the nanocomposites show the great advantages of multi-modal synergistic effects for cancer therapy by a remote-controlled laser stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ziyong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Kerong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ping'an Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiyao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Bei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Shanshan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
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Sun J, Song B, Ye Z, Yuan J. Mitochondria Targetable Time-Gated Luminescence Probe for Singlet Oxygen Based on a β-Diketonate–Europium Complex. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:11660-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
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Targeted inhibition of p38MAPK-enhanced autophagy in SW620 cells resistant to photodynamic therapy-induced apoptosis. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:1967-75. [PMID: 26254783 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising and noninvasive treatment that can induce apoptosis, autophagy, or both depending on the cell phenotype. In this work, chlorin e6 (Ce6) was used to photosensitize human colorectal cancer SW620 cells. In cells, apparent autophagy and apoptosis with dependence on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were detected. p38MAPK activation followed by ROS generation might be a core component in Ce6 mediate PDT (Ce6-PDT)-induced autophagy and apoptosis signaling pathway. By using p38MAPK siRNA, the results showed a marked enhancement on cell apoptosis in Ce6-PDT with increased annexin (+) apoptotic cells, nuclear condensation, caspase-3, and PARP cleavage. Besides, impairment of p38MAPK also promoted the autophagic response to photodamage as indicated by conversion of LC3 and monodansyl cadaverine (MDC) labeling patterns. It appears that Ce6-PDT induced ROS production involving activation of p38MAPK, probably to prevent SW620 cells from photodamage. Moreover, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine/bafilomycin A1 greatly aggravated Ce6-PDT-induced apoptosis in SW620 cells with knockdown of p38MAPK. Taken together, this study suggests that autophagy could represent a promising field in cancer treatment and p38MAPK may be a potential therapeutic target to enhance the efficacy on clinical evaluation for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Guleria M, Das T, Sarma HD, Banerjee S. Synthesis and bioevaluation of a 177Lu-labeled unsymmetrical cationic porphyrin derivative as a tumor targeting agent. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Role of p38MAPK in apoptosis and autophagy responses to photodynamic therapy with Chlorin e6. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Apoptotic effect of pheophorbide a-mediated photodynamic therapy on DMBA/TPA-induced mouse papillomas. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:51-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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26
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González-Béjar M, Liras M, Francés-Soriano L, Voliani V, Herranz-Pérez V, Duran-Moreno M, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Alarcon EI, Scaiano JC, Pérez-Prieto J. NIR excitation of upconversion nanohybrids containing a surface grafted Bodipy induces oxygen-mediated cancer cell death. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:4554-4563. [PMID: 32261556 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00340c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We report the preparation of water-dispersible, ca. 30 nm-sized nanohybrids containing NaYF4:Er3+, Yb3+ up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), capped with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative and highly loaded with a singlet oxygen photosensitizer, specifically a diiodo-substituted Bodipy (IBDP). The photosensitizer, bearing a carboxylic group, was anchored to the UCNP surface and, at the same time, embedded in the PEG capping; the combined action of the UCNP surface and PEG facilitated the loading for an effective energy transfer and, additionally, avoided photosensitizer leaching from the nanohybrid (UCNP-IBDP@PEG). The effectiveness of the nanohybrids in generating singlet oxygen after near-infrared (NIR) excitation (975 nm) with a continuous wavelength (CW) laser was evidenced by using a probe molecule. In vitro assays demonstrated that the UCNP-IBDP@PEG nanohybrid was taken up by the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma-derived cells showing low cytotoxicity. Moreover, ca. 50% cancer cell death was observed after NIR irradiation (45 min, 239 mW).
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Affiliation(s)
- María González-Béjar
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular/ICMOL, Universidad de Valencia, C/José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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Mun ST, Bae DH, Ahn WS. Epigallocatechin gallate with photodynamic therapy enhances anti-tumor effects in vivo and in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:141-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Wei MF, Chen MW, Chen KC, Lou PJ, Lin SYF, Hung SC, Hsiao M, Yao CJ, Shieh MJ. Autophagy promotes resistance to photodynamic therapy-induced apoptosis selectively in colorectal cancer stem-like cells. Autophagy 2014; 10:1179-92. [PMID: 24905352 PMCID: PMC4203546 DOI: 10.4161/auto.28679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) exhibit a high resistance to current therapeutic strategies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), leading to the recurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In cancer, autophagy acts as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter. However, the role of autophagy in the resistance of CSCs to PDT has not been reported. In this study, CSCs were isolated from colorectal cancer cells using PROM1/CD133 (prominin 1) expression, which is a surface marker commonly found on stem cells of various tissues. We demonstrated that PpIX-mediated PDT induced the formation of autophagosomes in PROM1/CD133+ cells, accompanied by the upregulation of autophagy-related proteins ATG3, ATG5, ATG7, and ATG12. The inhibition of PDT-induced autophagy by pharmacological inhibitors and silencing of the ATG5 gene substantially triggered apoptosis of PROM1/CD133+ cells and decreased the ability of colonosphere formation in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. In conclusion, our results revealed a protective role played by autophagy against PDT in CSCs and indicated that targeting autophagy could be used to elevate the PDT sensitivity of CSCs. These findings would aid in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for CSC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Feng Wei
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susan Yun-Fan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center; Academia Sinica; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jung Yao
- Gastroenterology; Taipei Medical University-Municipal Wan Fang Hospital; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jium Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Oncology; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei, Taiwan
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Silicon phthalocyanine 4 phototoxicity in Trichophyton rubrum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:3029-34. [PMID: 24614382 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01448-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichophyton rubrum is the leading pathogen that causes long-lasting skin and nail dermatophyte infections. Currently, topical treatment consists of terbinafine for the skin and ciclopirox for the nails, whereas systemic agents, such as oral terbinafine and itraconazole, are also prescribed. These systemic drugs have severe side effects, including liver toxicity. Topical therapies, however, are sometimes ineffective. This led us to investigate alternative treatment options, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). Although PDT is traditionally recognized as a therapeutic option for treating a wide range of medical conditions, including age-related macular degeneration and malignant cancers, its antimicrobial properties have also received considerable attention. However, the mechanism(s) underlying the susceptibility of dermatophytic fungi to PDT is relatively unknown. As a noninvasive treatment, PDT uses a photosensitizing drug and light, which, in the presence of oxygen, results in cellular destruction. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of cytotoxicity of PDT in vitro using the silicon phthalocyanine (Pc) 4 [SiPc(OSi(CH3)2(CH2)3N(CH3)2)(OH)] in T. rubrum. Confocal microscopy revealed that Pc 4 binds to cytoplasmic organelles, and upon irradiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated. The impairment of fungal metabolic activities as measured by an XTT (2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide inner salt) assay indicated that 1.0 μM Pc 4 followed by 670 to 675 nm light at 2.0 J/cm(2) reduced the overall cell survival rate, which was substantiated by a dry weight assay. In addition, we found that this therapeutic approach is effective against terbinafine-sensitive (24602) and terbinafine-resistant (MRL666) strains. These data suggest that Pc 4-PDT may have utility as a treatment for dermatophytosis.
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van Leeuwen M, Beeby A, Fernandes I, Ashworth SH. The photochemistry and photophysics of a series of alpha octa(alkyl-substituted) silicon, zinc and palladium phthalocyanines. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 13:62-9. [PMID: 24196234 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photophysical and photochemical measurements have been made on a series of novel alpha octa(alkyl-substituted) silicon, zinc and palladium phthalocyanines for which the synthesis is outlined. Fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes, triplet quantum yields and lifetimes and singlet delta oxygen quantum yields were measured in 1% v/v pyridine in toluene. The effects of varying central atom and addition of alkyl substituents relative to unsubstituted parent molecules, zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc), are discussed. All phthalocyanines studied exhibit absorption and emission maxima in the region of 680-750 nm with molar absorptivity of the Q-band ~10(5) M(-1) cm(-1). The series of compounds also exhibited triplet quantum yields of 0.65-0.95 and singlet oxygen quantum yields of 0.49-0.93.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda van Leeuwen
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
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31
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Chen GJ, Wang ZG, Qiao X, Xu JY, Tian JL, Yan SP. Synthesis, DNA binding, photo-induced DNA cleavage, cytotoxicity studies of a family of heavy rare earth complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 127:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Alves E, Melo T, Simões C, Faustino MAF, Tomé JPC, Neves MGPMS, Cavaleiro JAS, Cunha A, Gomes NCM, Domingues P, Domingues MRM, Almeida A. Photodynamic oxidation of Staphylococcus warneri membrane phospholipids: new insights based on lipidomics. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:1607-1618. [PMID: 23765609 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The photodynamic process involves the combined use of light and a photosensitizer, which, in the presence of oxygen, originates cytotoxic species capable of oxidizing biological molecules, such as lipids. However, the effect of the photodynamic process in the bacterial phospholipid profile by a photosensitizer has never been reported. A lipidomic approach was used to study the photodynamic oxidation of membrane phospholipids of Staphylococcus warneri by a tricationic porphyrin [5,10,15-tris(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-20-(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin triiodide, Tri-Py(+)-Me-PF]. METHODS S. warneri (10(8) colony forming units mL(-1)) was irradiated with white light (4 mW cm(-2), 21.6 J cm(-2)) in the presence of Tri-Py(+)-Me-PF (5.0 μM). Non-photosensitized bacteria were used as control (irradiated without porphyrin). After irradiation, total lipids were extracted and separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Isolated fractions of lipid classes were quantified by phosphorus assay and analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS): off-line TLC/ESI-MS, hydrophilic interaction (HILIC)-LC/MS and MS/MS. RESULTS The most representative classes of S. warneri phospholipids were identified as phosphatidylglycerols (PGs) and cardiolipins (CLs). Lysyl-phosphatidylglycerols (LPGs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and phosphatidic acids (PAs) were also identified. After photodynamic treatment, an overall increase in the relative abundance of PGs was observed as well as the appearance of new oxidized species from CLs, including hydroxy and hydroperoxy derivatives. Formation of high amounts of lipid hydroperoxides was confirmed by FOX2 assay. Photodynamic oxidation of phospholipid standards revealed the formation of hydroperoxy and dihydroperoxy derivatives, confirming the observed CL oxidized species in S. warneri. CONCLUSIONS Membrane phospholipids of S. warneri are molecular targets of the photoinactivation process induced by Tri-Py(+) -Me-PF. The overall modification in the relative amount of phospholipids and the formation of lipid hydroxides and hydroperoxides indicate the lethal damage caused to photosensitized bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Alves
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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The effects of urea, guanidinium chloride and sorbitol on porphyrin aggregation: Molecular dynamics simulation. J CHEM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-013-0411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Photosan-II loaded hollow silica nanoparticles: preparation and its effect in killing for QBC939 cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:460-9. [PMID: 24284099 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles have been explored recently as an efficient means to deliver photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. However, it is largely unknown if polyhematoporphyrin (C34H38N4NaO5, Photosan-II, PS) or other photosensitizers can be efficiently delivered by hollow silica nanoparticles (HSNP). METHODS Polyhematoporphyrin (C34H38N4NaO5, Photosan-II, PS) was loaded into hollow silica nanoparticles (HSNP) by one-step wet chemical-based synthetic route. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and polydispersive index (PDI) were used for measurement of the particles size and size distribution. Transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscopy were used for the microstructure, morphological and chemical composition analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry spectra and fluorescence emission spectrum were obtained. The photobiological activity of the PS-loaded HSNP was evaluated on human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells. The cellular viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptotic and necrotic cells were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS DLS measurements showed that the size of the particles is in the range of 25-90 nm. PDI of the PS-loaded HSNP is 0.121 ± 0.01, indicating that samples have excellent quality with narrow size distribution to monomodal systems. In MTT assay, PS-loaded HSNP and free PS of the same concentration killed about 95.3% ± 2.0% and 55.7% ± 1.9% of QBC939 cells, respectively. The flow cytometry demonstrated that the laser induced cell death with PS-loaded HSNP was much more severe than that of free PS (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Photosan-II-loaded hollow silica nanoparticles not only can quickly deliver Photosan-II into cells but also can reach a more high concentration than free Photosan-II. HSNP is a desirable vehicle and the release system that shows promises for photodynamic therapy use, which not only improve the aqueous solubility, stability and transport efficiency of PS, but also increase its photodynamic efficacy compared to free PS.
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Synergistic effect of radachlorin mediated photodynamic therapy on propolis induced apoptosis in AMC-HN-4 cell lines via caspase dependent pathway. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:236-43. [PMID: 23993849 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is alternative method for treating malignant tumors based on the principle of photodynamic damage to tumor cells through a photochemical reaction. Because of its localized effect, photodynamic therapy has become a very popular alternative treatment for cancer. PDT in combination with other drugs has been reported to have synergistic effects on various chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus for this synergistic effect of photodynamic therapy in combination with various chemotherapeutic drugs has gained the major interests to the scientists in recent days. Studies have been carried out to treat various ailments like cancer with this combination therapy. However, PDT in combination with biologically active natural product has not yet been studied in detail. One of the natural products which have been used as a folk medicine for many centuries is propolis. It is a resinous hive product collected from various plant materials by honeybees. It is reported to exhibit several biological activities. METHODS In this study, we focused on the effect of propolis and radachlorin-mediated PDT on human head and neck cancer cells AMC-HN-4. After the administration of propolis and radachlorin followed by laser irradiation, the viability of AMC-HN-4 cells was analyzed using MTT assay. The cells were also stained with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI) for morphological observations. For more detailed evaluation and observation, flowcytometric analysis and western blotting were also carried out after congruent treatment process. RESULTS From the result it was found that the proliferation of AMC-HN-4 cells was inhibited by propolis. The inhibition of cell proliferation was increased when the cells were treated in combination. The rate of cell death was also increased in combination. The expressions of different proteins related to apoptosis were also regulated significantly. CONCLUSIONS Thus the results of this study indicate that the apoptosis and anti-proliferation efficacy of propolis were significantly enhanced in combination therapy, compared to the individual treatment of PDT or propolis.
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SHOPOVA M, PEEVA M, STOICHKOVA N, JORI G, WÖHRLE D, PETROV G. Light intensity effect on the mechanisms of tumor damage photosensitized by a substituted Zn(II)-naphthalocyanine. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jpp.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxicity induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) is connected with the phenomena of photo-oxidation. Generation of singlet oxygen and free radicals (superoxide or hydroxide) is accepted as a mechanism for the photo-oxidation action of PDT. Very little is however known about the validity of metabolitic and biochemical events observed in cell culture systems to in vivo tumor shrinkage following PDT. In the present work using the well-studied tetrabenzamido-substituted zinc (II)-naphthalocyanine ( ZnNc ) including towards pigmented melanoma, we accessed its efficacy for apoptotic processes during PDT of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in mice in dependence on light intensity. Early photodynamic therapy responses were examined at 1, 3, 6, 10 and 24 h after coherent 774 nm illumination of the tumors applied 24 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)-liposome-incorporated 0.5 mg kg-1 b.w. ZnNc . Fluence rates of 260, 380 and 500 mW cm-2 at a fluence of 360 J cm-2 were used. Macroscopic observations showed that tumor reduction (and its eventual elimination) depends on optimal conditions for the occurring of photochemical reaction during PDT. At the same time, electron microscopy (EM) assays demonstrated strongly expressed dependence of apoptotic processes on the applied light intensities. Features of apoptotic processes were most clearly expressed at the highest used fluence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. SHOPOVA
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M. PEEVA
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - G. JORI
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - D. WÖHRLE
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, PO Box 330 440, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - G. PETROV
- Department of Physics, University of Sofia, 1156 Sofia, Bulgaria
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SUBBARAYAN MURUGESAN, SHETTY SJ, SRIVASTAVA TS, NORONHA OPD, SAMUEL AM. Evaluation studies of technetium-99m-porphyrin (T3,4BCPP) for tumor imaging. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jpp.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble porphyrin, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[3,4-bis(carboxymethyleneoxy)phenyl] porphyrin (T3,4BCPP), was successfully labeled with 99 m Tc and biodistribution studies were performed in Wistar rats. Scintiimaging and in vivo distribution studies were also carried out in C 6-gliomas and mammary tumor-bearing animals using a gamma camera. Tumor-to-muscle (T/M) ratios were calculated and compared with those obtained with the known tumor-seeking radiopharmaceuticals 99 m Tc (V)- DMSA (DMSA = dimercaptosuccinic acid), 99 m Tc -citrate and 201 TlCl . In the case of C 6-gliomas, the ratios were 4.2, 2.2, 4.00 and 3.0; while in the case of C 3 H / J mammary tumor, the ratios were 9.4, 8.8, 8.1 and 8.5 for T3,4BCPP, 99 m Tc ( V )- DMSA , 99 m Tc -citrate and 201 TlCl , respectively. Similar studies were carried out in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea ( NMU )-induced mammary tumor animals and the T/M ratios obtained were 5.9, 2.0, 5.3 and 3.3 for T3,4BCPP, 99 m Tc ( V )- DMSA , 99 m Tc -citrate and 201 TlCl , respectively. The radiolabeled photosensitizer could perhaps be used to detect cancer non-invasively and could even prove useful in monitoring the progression/regression of tumors before, during, and after chemotherapy, radiation therapy or photodynamic therapy (PDT).
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Affiliation(s)
- MURUGESAN SUBBARAYAN
- Radiation Medicine Centre (BARC), Tata Memorial Hospital Annexe, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - S. J. SHETTY
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - T. S. SRIVASTAVA
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - O. P. D. NORONHA
- Radiation Medicine Centre (BARC), Tata Memorial Hospital Annexe, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - A. M. SAMUEL
- Radiation Medicine Centre (BARC), Tata Memorial Hospital Annexe, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
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Schaffer M, Kulka U, Ertl-Wagner B, Schaffer PM, Friso E, Hell R, Jori G, Hofstetter A, Dühmke E. Effect of Photofrin II as a radio-sensitizing agent in two different oesophageal carcinoma cell lines. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424605000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose: In spite of major advances in cancer treatment, the prognosis of patients with oesophageal carcinoma remains poor. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma account for 95% of all oesophageal tumors, although other histological subtypes are occasionally seen. We aimed to evaluate whether Photofrin II can enhance the effect of ionizing radiation on oesophageal cancer in an in vitro tumor model. Material and Methods: A human oesophageal squamous cancer cell line (OE-21) and a human oesophageal adenocarcinoma cell line (OE-33) were evaluated with and without incubation with Photofrin II. Cells were irradiated using doses ranging from 0 to 8 Gy. The response rate of the cells to irradiation was evaluated by a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay, similar to the MTT test, with the aim to determine the efficiency of Photofrin II as a radiation sensitizer in comparison to irradiation alone. Results: The OE-21 cell line demonstrated a significantly reduced cellular survival rate, when irradiated in the presence of Photofrin, as compared to a control group irradiated in the absence of Photofrin II. For the OE-33 cell line, no significant differences were found between the group treated with Photofrin II and the control group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate in an in vitro model that Photofrin II may act as a radio-sensitizer in squamous cell oesophageal cancer, but not in oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Schaffer
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kulka
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Department of Radiology, University of Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Pamela M. Schaffer
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Friso
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/ B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Roswita Hell
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Giulio Jori
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/ B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Alfons Hofstetter
- Laser Research Laboratory, University of Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhart Dühmke
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Therapeutic effects of systemic photodynamic therapy in a leukemia animal model using A20 cells. Lasers Med Sci 2011; 27:445-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-011-0950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Çamur M, Ahsen V, Durmuş M. The first comparison of photophysical and photochemical properties of non-ionic, ionic and zwitterionic gallium (III) and indium (III) phthalocyanines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chiu SM, Xue LY, Lam M, Rodriguez ME, Zhang P, Kenney ME, Nieminen AL, Oleinick NL. A requirement for bid for induction of apoptosis by photodynamic therapy with a lysosome- but not a mitochondrion-targeted photosensitizer. Photochem Photobiol 2011; 86:1161-73. [PMID: 20553412 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00766.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with lysosome-targeted photosensitizers induces the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis via the cleavage and activation of the BH3-only protein Bid by proteolytic enzymes released from photodisrupted lysosomes. To investigate the role of Bid in apoptosis induction and the role of damaged lysosomes on cell killing by lysosome-targeted PDT, we compared the responses of wild type and Bid-knock-out murine embryonic fibroblasts toward a mitochondrion/endoplasmic reticulum-binding photosensitizer, Pc 4, and a lysosome-targeted sensitizer, Pc 181. Whereas apoptosis and overall cell killing were induced equally well by Pc 4-PDT in both cell lines, Bid(-/-) cells were relatively resistant to induction of apoptosis and to overall killing following PDT with Pc 181, particularly at low PDT doses. Thus, Bid is critical for the induction of apoptosis caused by PDT with the lysosome-specific sensitizers, but dispensable for PDT targeted to other membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Mao Chiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Zhao B, He YY. Recent advances in the prevention and treatment of skin cancer using photodynamic therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2011; 10:1797-809. [PMID: 21080805 DOI: 10.1586/era.10.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive procedure that involves a photosensitizing drug and its subsequent activation by light to produce reactive oxygen species that specifically destroy target cells. Recently, PDT has been widely used in treating non-melanoma skin malignancies, the most common cancer in the USA, with superior cosmetic outcomes compared with conventional therapies. The topical 'photosensitizers' commonly used are 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and its esterified derivative methyl 5-aminolevulinate, which are precursors of the endogenous photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX. After treatment with ALA or methyl 5-aminolevulinate, protoporphyrin IX preferentially accumulates in the lesion area of various skin diseases, which allows not only PDT treatment but also fluorescence diagnosis with ALA-induced porphyrins. Susceptible lesions include various forms of non-melanoma skin cancer such as actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The most recent and promising developments in PDT include the discovery of new photosensitizers, the exploitation of new drug delivery systems and the combination of other modalities, which will all contribute to increasing PDT therapeutic efficacy and improving outcome. This article summarizes the main principles of PDT and its current clinical use in the management of non-melanoma skin cancers, as well as recent developments and possible future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Zhao
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Ramaiah D, Eckert I, Arun KT, Weidenfeller L, Epe B. Squaraine Dyes for Photodynamic Therapy: Mechanism of Cytotoxicity and DNA Damage Induced by Halogenated Squaraine Dyes Plus Light (>600 nm)¶. Photochem Photobiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb09863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Guo H, Qian H, Idris NM, Zhang Y. Singlet oxygen-induced apoptosis of cancer cells using upconversion fluorescent nanoparticles as a carrier of photosensitizer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 6:486-95. [PMID: 20044035 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The photodynamic effect of upconversion nanoparticles loaded with a photosensitizer was studied on murine bladder cancer cells (MB49). Mesoporous silica was coated onto sodium yttrium fluoride upconversion nanocrystals to form a core-shell structure and then loaded with the photosensitizer zinc (II)-phthalocyanine into the porous silica. The nanoparticles displayed a uniform spherical shape with an average diameter of about 50 nm and showed good dispersibility in water. Intracellular uptake study in MB49 cells revealed a time- and concentration-dependent accumulation of these nanoparticles. Upon irradiation with 980-nm near-infrared light, their efficiency in activating the loaded zinc (II)-phthalocyanine to generate singlet oxygen molecules was confirmed in live cells. The cytotoxic effect of the released singlet oxygen from the nanoplatform was proven by cell viability assay, confocal microscopy, DNA agarose gel electrophoresis, cytochrome c-releasing assay, and prostate-specific antigen-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, all of which showed a strong photodynamic effect of the nanoparticles on MB49 cells. This suggests the efficacy of sodium yttrium fluoride upconversion nanoparticles as a carrier for photosensitizers and their use in photodynamic therapy of cancer and some other diseases. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this study, the photodynamic effect of upconversion nanoparticles loaded with a photosensitizer was investigated on murine bladder cancer cells, with strongly positive results, which may pave its way to future clinical use in malignant tumors and potentially other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Guo
- Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Satonaka H, Kusuzaki K, Matsubara T, Shintani K, Nakamura T, Matsumine A, Iino T, Uchida A. In vivo anti-tumor activity of photodynamic therapy with intravenous administration of acridine orange, followed by illumination with high-power flash wave light in a mouse osteosarcoma model. Oncol Lett 2010; 1:69-72. [PMID: 22966258 DOI: 10.3892/ol_00000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent study, we demonstrated that a high-power flash wave light (FWL) from a xenon lamp exerted a stronger cytocidal effect against a mouse osteosarcoma cell line than continuous wave light (CWL) in photodynamic therapy with acridine orange (AO-PDT). Based on our in vitro results, we investigated the in vivo anti-tumor activity of AO-PDT using flash wave light from a xenon lamp in a mouse osteosarcoma model. Mouse osteosarcoma cells (LM8) were injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the back of C3H mice, and tumors that grew to approximately 3 mm in diameter were treated by AO-PDT using FWL. AO was administered by intravenous injection and 2 h later the entire body of the mouse was illuminated with FWL from a xenon lamp. Significant growth inhibition of the tumor xenografts was observed as compared with that in the control group, suggesting that AO-PDT with FWL may be useful in the treatment of osteosarcoma. An immunohistochemical study of the tumors treated by AO-PDT showed that the underlying mechanism of the tumor growth inhibition involved both apoptosis and necrosis. In conclusion, it appears that following the intravenous administration of AO, AO-PDT in combination with FWL exerts strong anti-tumor activity. Inhibitory effects against growth of the primary tumor in human patients with osteosarcoma as well as other musculoskeletal sarcomas were also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Satonaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie
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Zinc phthalocyanine-loaded PLGA biodegradable nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy in tumor-bearing mice. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:283-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The effect of porphyrin structure on binding to human serum albumin by fluorescence spectroscopy. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Begum G, Dube A, Joshi PG, Gupta PK, Joshi NB. Chlorin p6 preferentially localizes in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and inhibits Ca2+ release from intracellular store. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 95:177-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 02/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Liu YJ, Wang KZ. Visible-Light-Excited Singlet-Oxygen Luminescence Probe Based on Re(CO)3Cl(aeip). Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Effect of drug-light interval on the mode of action of Photofrin photodynamic therapy in a mouse tumor model. Lasers Med Sci 2008; 24:597-603. [PMID: 18936869 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-008-0620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to examine the effect of time intervals between Photofrin injection and laser irradiation [i.e., drug-light interval (DLI)] on the mode of action of Photofrin photodynamic therapy (PDT). Kunming mice transplanted with sarcoma-180 cells were used as an animal model. The tumor-bearing mice in the control group were given neither photosensitizer nor laser irradiation. PDT groups were given intravenous (i.v.) injection of Photofrin (7.5 mg/kg) prior to being irradiated with a 630 nm laser at 120 J/cm(2) at different DLIs (1 min-48 h). Tumors and overlying skin were visually examined daily. Histopathological and electron microscopic examinations were carried out 48 h after PDT. Survival rates were recorded. The mice in the groups that had experienced short DLIs (<60 min) showed stronger skin reactions than the groups subjected to long DLIs (>6 h). Histological examination showed that antitumor effects were achieved mainly by the destruction of tumor blood vessels and the formation of thrombosis at short DLIs, whereas, at long DLIs, the tumor cells were killed directly by PDT-mediated cytotoxicity. Electron microscopy revealed various degrees of mitochondrial swelling. The survival rate of the mice subjected to long DLIs was slightly higher than that of the mice subjected to short DLIs. Both vascular (e.g., tumor vessel destruction) and cellular (e.g., cytotoxicity) effects contributed to Photofrin PDT-induced tumor ablation.
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