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Startseva OM, Pylina YI, Shadrin DM, Belykh ES, Shevchenko OG, Velegzhaninov IO, Belykh DV. Dimeric derivatives of chlorophyll a with fragments of oligoethylene glycols as spacers between macrocycles: Synthesis, dark and photoinduced cytotoxic activity. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, new dimeric derivatives of chlorophyll [Formula: see text] with oligoethylene glycol fragments as spacers between macrocycles were synthesized and their dark and photoinduced cytotoxic activities were studied in experiments in vitro. Dimeric derivatives were found to have a relatively low dark cytotoxic activity. It should be noted that most of the studied dimeric derivatives exhibited photoinduced cytotoxic activity at concentrations that were several times lower than those for dark cytotoxic activity. The photoinduced action of one of the most active compounds, a phorbin-chlorin dimer with the triethylene glycol fragment as a spacer between the macrocycles (13), was analysed in more detail in experiments in vitro. Compound (13) was shown to rapidly enter HeLa cells, however, its cytotoxic effect on these cells develops rather slowly. The results of the analysis of the activity of caspase-3 showed that Compound (13) does not cause apoptosis of HeLa cells. Analysis of the degree of hemolysis of mammalian erythrocytes as a result of exposure to Compound (13) showed that plasma membranes are a probable target of this substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga M. Startseva
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ≪Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar, State University≫, 55 October prospect, Syktyvkar, 167001, Russia
| | - Yana I. Pylina
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Shadrin
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Elena S. Belykh
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Oksana G. Shevchenko
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Ilya O. Velegzhaninov
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Belykh
- Institute of Chemistry of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 48 Pervomayskaya st., Syktyvkar, 167000, Russia
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Huang MH, Liu PY, Wu SN. Characterization of Perturbing Actions by Verteporfin, a Benzoporphyrin Photosensitizer, on Membrane Ionic Currents. Front Chem 2019; 7:566. [PMID: 31508407 PMCID: PMC6714490 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Verteporfin (VP), a benzoporphyrin derivative, has been clinically tailored as a photosensitizer and recently known to suppress YAP-TEAD complex accompanied by suppression of the growth in an array of neoplastic cells. However, the detailed information is little available regarding possible modifications of it and its related compounds on transmembrane ionic currents, despite its growing use in clinical settings. In this study, from whole cell recordings, VP (0.3-100 μM) increased the amplitude of Ca2+-activated K+ currents (I K(Ca)) in pituitary tumor (GH3) cells in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 value of 2.4 μM. VP-stimulated I K(Ca) in these cells was suppressed by further addition of either paxilline, iberiotoxin, or dithiothreitol, but not by that of tobultamide or TRAM-39. VP at a concentration of 10 μM mildly suppressed the amplitude of delayed-rectifier K+ current; however, it had minimal effects on M-type K+ current. In cell-attached current recordings, addition of VP to the recording medium enhanced the activity of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels. In the presence of VP, additional illumination with light intensity of 5.5 mW/cm2 raised the probability of BKCa-channel openings further. Addition of VP decreased the peak amplitude of L-type Ca2+ current together with slowed inactivation time course of the current; however, it failed to modify voltage-gated Na+ current. Illumination of GH3 cells in continued presence of VP also induced a non-selective cation current. Additionally, VP increased the activity of BKCa channels in human 13-06-MG glioma cells with an EC50 value of 1.9 μM. Therefore, the effects of VP on ionic currents described herein tend to be upstream of its inhibition of YAP-TEAD complex and they are conceivably likely to contribute to the underlying mechanisms through which it and its structurally similar compounds effect the modifications in functional activities of pituitary or glial neoplastic cells, if the in vivo findings occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Han Huang
- College of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yen Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan City, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan City, Taiwan
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Sasaki M, Ryoson Y, Numata M, Fukuhara G. Oligosaccharide Sensing in Aqueous Media Using Porphyrin–Curdlan Conjugates: An Allosteric Signal-Amplification System. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6017-6027. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Sasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuma Ryoson
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Munenori Numata
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Mesquita MQ, Dias CJ, Gamelas S, Fardilha M, Neves MGPMS, Faustino MAF. An insight on the role of photosensitizer nanocarriers for Photodynamic Therapy. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:1101-1130. [PMID: 29873674 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modality of cancer treatment in which tumor cells are destroyed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by photosensitizers following its activation with visible or near infrared light. The PDT success is dependent on different factors namely on the efficiency of the photosensitizer deliver and targeting ability. In this review a special attention will be given to the role of some drug delivery systems to improve the efficiency of tetrapyrrolic photosensitizers to this type of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Q Mesquita
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cristina J Dias
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara Gamelas
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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GOMES ANAT, NEVES MARIAG, CAVALEIRO JOSÉA. Cancer, Photodynamic Therapy and Porphyrin-Type Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 90:993-1026. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Abstract
This review summarizes the synthesis and applications of various porphyrin–carbon nanoallotrope conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya S.
- Centre for Nano-materials and Displays
- B.M.S. College of Engineering
- Bengaluru
- India
| | | | - Gurumurthy Hegde
- Centre for Nano-materials and Displays
- B.M.S. College of Engineering
- Bengaluru
- India
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7
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Horiuchi H, Kuribara R, Hirabara A, Okutsu T. pH-Response Optimization of Amino-Substituted Tetraphenylporphyrin Derivatives as pH-Activatable Photosensitizers. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5554-61. [PMID: 27340737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Amino-substituted tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives have been designed as pH-activatable photosensitizers for photodynamic cancer therapy. The photophysical processes of the monoamino-substituted derivative N1 and nonsubstituted derivative N0 have been studied. The quantum yields of the fluorescence and photosensitization of singlet oxygen by N1 were very low in the neutral condition (OFF state), but these quantum yields were recovered by adding acid (ON state). These changes were not observed for N0; therefore, N1 is expected to be applicable as a pH-activatable photosensitizer. The ON/OFF switching mechanism of N1 has also been clarified. To optimize the pH response, tri- and tetraamino-substituted derivatives (N3 and N4) have also been explored. The pH response intensified as the number of amino groups increased. Furthermore, the ON/OFF switching ratio of N3 was 100, which is quite high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Horiuchi
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, and ‡International Education and Research Center for Silicon Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University , Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Ryota Kuribara
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, and ‡International Education and Research Center for Silicon Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University , Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Atsuki Hirabara
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, and ‡International Education and Research Center for Silicon Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University , Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okutsu
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, and ‡International Education and Research Center for Silicon Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University , Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
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Lipińska ME, Teixeira DM, Laia CA, Silva AM, Rebelo SL, Freire C. β-Functionalized zinc(II)aminoporphyrins by direct catalytic hydrogenation. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Stavitski E, Galili T, Levanon H, Burrell AK, Officer DL, Scott S. Energy transfer and structure determination of porphyrin dimers linked via a phenylenebisvinylene bridge: A time-resolved triplet electron paramagnetic resonance study. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424602000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The photoexcited triplet state in a series of homo and hetero dimers was examined by time resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (TREPR) spectroscopy. The systems studied here consist of free-base tetraxylylporphyrin ( H 2 TXP ) and Zn (II) tetraxylylporphyrin ( ZnTXP ) and held together covalently by phenylenebisvinylene bridge at different positions. Experiments were carried out on the dimers, dissolved in an isotropic matrix (toluene), and in an anisotropic matrix of a liquid crystal (LC). Analysis of the results demonstrates that the dimers exhibit different geometries, depending on the linkage. Specifically, the triplet line shape analysis indicates that the para-dimers have a planar structure, the meta-dimers reveal the existence of two structural conformers, i.e. planar and slightly bent, while the ortho-dimers are characterized by the strongly bent molecular structure. The dimers exhibit efficient intramolecular singlet energy transfer (EnT) from ZnTXP to H 2 TXP subunit. On the other hand, EnT in all hetero dimers studied here is incomplete and some contribution from ZnTXP subunit is present in all triplet spectra. Thus, the efficiency of the EnT in the present systems is determined by properties of the connecting spacer, and does not depend on specific conformation and geometry of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Stavitski
- Department of Physical Chemistry and The Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Tamar Galili
- Department of Physical Chemistry and The Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Haim Levanon
- Department of Physical Chemistry and The Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Anthony K. Burrell
- Actinide, Catalysis and Separations Chemistry, C-SIC, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - David L. Officer
- Nanomaterials Research Centre, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sonya Scott
- Nanomaterials Research Centre, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Serra VV, Zamarrón A, Faustino M, Cruz MIDL, Blázquez A, Rodrigues J, Neves M, Cavaleiro J, Juarranz A, Sanz-Rodríguez F. New porphyrin amino acid conjugates: Synthesis and photodynamic effect in human epithelial cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6170-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Faustino MAF, Neves MGPMS, Cavaleiro JAS, Neumann M, Brauer HD, Jori G. Part 2. meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin Dimer Derivatives as Potential Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720217pmtdda2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Cavaleiro JAS, Tomé JPC, Faustino MAF. Synthesis of Glycoporphyrins. HETEROCYCLES FROM CARBOHYDRATE PRECURSORS 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2007_056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Sol V, Chaleix V, Champavier Y, Granet R, Huang YM, Krausz P. Glycosyl bis-porphyrin conjugates: Synthesis and potential application in PDT. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7745-60. [PMID: 16959490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2006] [Revised: 07/30/2006] [Accepted: 08/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses of new glycosylated neutral and cationic porphyrin dimers linked at the meso-position via a flexible hydrocarbon chain are described. A detailed 1H and 13C NMR study allows their complete structural elucidation. The UV-visible, fluorescence and MALDI mass spectra are also presented. Photocytotoxicities of these compounds against K562 leukaemia cell line are compared to those of Photofrin II.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sol
- Université de Limoges - Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles 123, Avenue Albert Thomas-87060 Limoges, France.
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14
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Silva EMP, Giuntini F, Faustino MAF, Tomé JPC, Neves MGPMS, Tomé AC, Silva AMS, Santana-Marques MG, Ferrer-Correia AJ, Cavaleiro JAS, Caeiro MF, Duarte RR, Tavares SAP, Pegado IN, d'Almeida B, De Matos APA, Valdeira ML. Synthesis of cationic beta-vinyl substituted meso-tetraphenylporphyrins and their in vitro activity against herpes simplex virus type 1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:3333-7. [PMID: 15951174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2005] [Revised: 05/06/2005] [Accepted: 05/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An easy route to cationic beta-vinyl substituted meso-tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives is described. Two novel compounds were tested in vitro for their antiviral photoactivity against herpes simplex virus type 1. One of these compounds exhibited a significant activity, reaching 99% of virus inactivation after 15 min of photoactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda M P Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a clinically approved treatment for cancer and noncancer diseases. This modality utilises light-activatable chemicals (photosensitising agents) to capture photons and use light energy for the production of cytotoxic reactive molecular species. Most photosensitisers that are in use clinically or in preclinical development are hydrophobic and tend to aggregate in the aqueous environment, which limits their delivery and photosensitising efficiency. Liposomal delivery of photosensitisers will often overcome or decrease these problems. In addition, as with chemotherapeutic agents, liposomal formulations of photo-sensitising agents may help to achieve better selectivity for tumour tissue compared with normal tissue. Over the past years, liposomal photosensitisers have emerged as therapeutic agents in many experimental studies, and have obtained approval for clinical applications. Recent progress in liposomal technology further opens up the possibility of generating more selectively targeted photosensitisers encapsulated in liposomes. This review will cover progress in the use of liposomal photosensitisers, summarise current liposomal formulations, and project future directions for the liposomal delivery of photosensitising agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Dartmouth Medical School Department of Surgery, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
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16
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Habdas J, Matysik G. Determination of the yields ofmeso-tetraphenylporphyrins by densitometry. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2003. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.16.2003.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Jezek P, Nekvasil M, Skobisová E, Urbánková E, Jirsa M, Zadinová M, Poucková P, Klepácek I. Experimental photodynamic therapy with MESO-tetrakisphenylporphyrin (TPP) in liposomes leads to disintegration of human amelanotic melanoma implanted to nude mice. Int J Cancer 2003; 103:693-702. [PMID: 12494481 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.10857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Liposomal meso-tetrakis-phenylporphyrin (TPP) was tested for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human amelanotic melanomas implanted in nude mice. After intratumoural TPP application (15 mg x kg(-1)) followed by PDT lamp irradiation (600-700 nm, 635 nm peak), tumours retained their original volume up to the 23rd day post-PDT, whereas volumes increased 6 times in controls. PDT with intravenously (i.v.) administered liposomal (3.2 mg x kg(-1)) TPP mostly disintegrated tumours to zero volumes. Melanoma remissions were accompanied by tumour surface necroses and were documented by the appearance of nontumourous cells with nonpycnotic nuclei. Spatial arrangement of capillaries in remissing tumour was the same as in healthy surrounding tissue. Lower TPP doses (1, 0.3 and 0.1 mg x kg(-1)) were more or equally efficient than hydrophilic TPPS(4) (3.2 mg x kg(-1), i.e., sulfonated TPP), i.v. administered also in liposomes. Liposomal TPPS(4) only delayed the onset of subsequent tumour growth. Commercial Photosan 3 disintegrated tumours only in doses of approx. 7.5 mg x kg(-1); in lower doses it was less efficient than TPPS(4). The second PDT cycle (3.2 mg x kg(-1) TPP or 7.5 mg x kg(-1) Photosan 3), performed in a few unsuccessfully cured mice, predominantly led again to tumour remissions. Since the measured TPP and TPPS(4) content in melanomas was similar, these results demonstrate the advantage of PDT with a hydrophobic photosensitizer such as TPP. Photophysical properties of TPP and TPPS(4) are equal, but TPP has probably more favorable intracellular distribution, as documented by our studies, which leads to more efficient PDT. Consequently, liposomal TPP is suggested as a potentially suitable efficient preparation for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Jezek
- Department of Membrane Transport Biophysics, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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18
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Faustino MA, Neves MG, Cavaleiro JA, Neumann M, Brauer HD, Jori G. meso-tetraphenylporphyrin dimer derivatives as potential photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. Part 2. Photochem Photobiol 2000; 72:217-25. [PMID: 10946576 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2000)072<0217:pmtdda>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the synthesis, singlet oxygen and fluorescence yields and pharmacokinetic properties of three different dimeric porphyrins with an amide linkage (D2-D4) are described and compared with the results recently reported for a dimeric porphyrin (D1). The pharmacokinetic behavior of all dimers were examined in Balb/c mice bearing MS-2 fibrosarcomas. The maximal efficiency and selectivity of photosensitizer accumulation in each tumor tissue takes place at 24 h after drug administration of 1.0 mg kg-1 into DL-alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes by intravenous injection. Since the dimeric porphyrins exhibit high quantum yields of singlet oxygen generation, long triplet lifetimes and high photostability, the results obtained suggest that the evaluated dimeric structures may be promising candidates for further use in PDT experiments. The results also allow the possibility to establish a correlation between the chemical structure of the dyes and the efficiency/selectivity of the tumor accumulation and can be used for building up optimal photosensitizing agents for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Faustino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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19
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Cavaleiro JAS, Neves MGPM, Tomé AC, Silva AMS, Faustino MAF, Lacerda PS, Silva AMG. Porphyrin derivatives: Synthesis and potential applications. J Heterocycl Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570370310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Chen B, de Witte PA. Photodynamic therapy efficacy and tissue distribution of hypericin in a mouse P388 lymphoma tumor model. Cancer Lett 2000; 150:111-7. [PMID: 10755394 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00381-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The phototherapeutic properties and tissue distribution of hypericin were investigated in DBA/2 mice bearing subcutaneously transplanted P388 lymphoma cells. The efficacy of the photodynamic therapy (PDT) 2 h after administration of hypericin (2, 5, or 20 mg/kg, i.p., 120 J/cm2, 595 nm) was substantially greater than the efficacy after a 24 h interval. PDT with Photofrin (5 mg/kg, i.p., 24-h interval, 120 J/cm2, 630 nm) showed no significant antitumoral effect. The hypericin uptake in some tissues was measured after administration of hypericin (5 or 20 mg/kg, i.p.) up to 168 h. A comparison of the distribution data and the PDT efficacy at various intervals suggests that the plasma concentration of hypericin, and to a lesser extent the tumor uptake, determines the tumor response to PDT with hypericin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chen
- Laboratorium voor Farmaceutische Biologie en Fytofarmacologie, Faculteit Farmaceutische Wetenschappen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Domingues MR, Santana-Marques MG, Domingues P, Faustino MA, Neves MG, Cavaleiro JA, Ferrer-Correia AJ. Liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry of porphyrin dimers: reduction reactions and structural characterisation. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2000; 14:2025-2029. [PMID: 11085413 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0231(20001115)14:21<2025::aid-rcm127>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
New synthesised porphyrin dimers, with an amide or ester linkage between the two porphyrin units, were studied using liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS). The formation of reduced species was observed for all the compounds and it was found that the extent of reduction is dependent on the matrix used and on the structure of the porphyrin dimer. The main fragmentation pathways lead to monomer fragments resulting from cleavage of the amide or ester linkage between the two porphyrin units. The consistency of the fragmentations for all the dimers studied leads to the proposal of a common designation for the fragment ions. LSIMS, in addition to molecular weight determination, can provide important structural information for this type of compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Domingues
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
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22
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Gerasimov OV, Boomer JA, Qualls MM, Thompson DH. Cytosolic drug delivery using pH- and light-sensitive liposomes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1999; 38:317-338. [PMID: 10837763 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(99)00035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of literature describes the development and applications of novel targeting and/or contents release triggering schemes to improve the therapeutic index of drugs encapsulated within liposomes. This review focuses on literature appearing between January 1995-December 1997 that report 1) antibody and receptor-mediated targeting approaches for improving drug localization and 2) acid, enzymatic, thermal or photochemical triggering processes that destabilize membranes and improve drug bioavailability via cytoplasmic delivery of liposomal contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- OV Gerasimov
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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