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Hsia T, Small JL, Yekula A, Batool SM, Escobedo AK, Ekanayake E, You DG, Lee H, Carter BS, Balaj L. Systematic Review of Photodynamic Therapy in Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3918. [PMID: 37568734 PMCID: PMC10417382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, gliomas have made up over 89% of malignant CNS tumor cases in the American population (NIH SEER). Within this, glioblastoma is the most common subtype, comprising 57% of all glioma cases. Being highly aggressive, this deadly disease is known for its high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, rendering a complicated disease course. The current standard of care consists of maximally safe tumor resection concurrent with chemoradiotherapy. However, despite advances in technology and therapeutic modalities, rates of disease recurrence are still high and survivability remains low. Given the delicate nature of the tumor location, remaining margins following resection often initiate disease recurrence. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality that, following the administration of a non-toxic photosensitizer, induces tumor-specific anti-cancer effects after localized, wavelength-specific illumination. Its effect against malignant glioma has been studied extensively over the last 30 years, in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the three generations of photosensitizers alongside their mechanisms of action, limitations, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffaney Hsia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Julia L. Small
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Anudeep Yekula
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 554414, USA
| | - Syeda M. Batool
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ana K. Escobedo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Emil Ekanayake
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dong Gil You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Bob S. Carter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Leonora Balaj
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Spille DC, Bunk EC, Thomas C, Özdemir Z, Wagner A, Akkurt BH, Mannil M, Paulus W, Grauer OM, Stummer W, Senner V, Brokinkel B. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) Fluorescence during Meningioma Surgery: Correlations with Histological Findings and Expression of Heme Pathway Molecules. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15010304. [PMID: 36612300 PMCID: PMC9818642 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The usefulness of 5-ALA-mediated fluorescence-guided resection (FGR) in meningiomas is controversial, and information on the molecular background of fluorescence is sparse. Methods: Specimens obtained during 44 FGRs of intracranial meningiomas were analyzed for the presence of tumor tissue and fluorescence. Protein/mRNA expression of key transmembrane transporters/enzymes involved in PpIX metabolism (ABCB6, ABCG2, FECH, CPOX) were investigated using immunohistochemistry/qPCR. Results: Intraoperative fluorescence was observed in 70 of 111 specimens (63%). No correlation was found between fluorescence and the WHO grade (p = 0.403). FGR enabled the identification of neoplastic tissue (sensitivity 84%, specificity 67%, positive and negative predictive value of 86% and 63%, respectively, AUC: 0.75, p < 0.001), and was improved in subgroup analyses excluding dura specimens (86%, 88%, 96%, 63% and 0.87, respectively; p < 0.001). No correlation was found between cortical fluorescence and tumor invasion (p = 0.351). Protein expression of ABCB6, ABCG2, FECH and CPOX was found in meningioma tissue and was correlated with fluorescence (p < 0.05, each), whereas this was not confirmed for mRNA expression. Aberrant expression was observed in the CNS. Conclusion: FGR enables the intraoperative identification of meningioma tissue with limitations concerning dura invasion and due to ectopic expression in the CNS. ABCB6, ABCG2, FECH and CPOX are expressed in meningioma tissue and are related to fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee C. Spille
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49251-83-43959/-47472; Fax: +49251-83-45646
| | - Eva C. Bunk
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Zeynep Özdemir
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Burak H. Akkurt
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Manoj Mannil
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Werner Paulus
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver M. Grauer
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Volker Senner
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin Brokinkel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Takase H, Yamamoto T. Bone Invasive Meningioma: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Perspectives. Front Oncol 2022; 12:895374. [PMID: 35847854 PMCID: PMC9280135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.895374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningioma is the most common primary neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS). Generally, these tumors are benign and have a good prognosis. However, treatment can be challenging in cases with aggressive variants and poor prognoses. Among various prognostic factors that have been clinically investigated, bone invasion remains controversial owing to a limited number of assessments. Recent study reported that bone invasion was not associated with WHO grades, progression, or recurrence. Whereas, patients with longer-recurrence tended to have a higher incidence of bone invasion. Furthermore, bone invasion may be a primary preoperative predictor of the extent of surgical resection. Increasing such evidence highlights the potential of translational studies to understand bone invasion as a prognostic factor of meningiomas. Therefore, this mini-review summarizes recent advances in pathophysiology and diagnostic modalities and discusses future research directions and therapeutic strategies for meningiomas with bone invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Takase
- Center for Novel and Exploratory Clinical Trials (Y-NEXT), Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hajime Takase, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-5813-1386
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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4
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Kozlikina EI, Efendiev KT, Grigoriev AY, Bogdanova OY, Trifonov IS, Krylov VV, Loschenov VB. A Pilot Study of Fluorescence-Guided Resection of Pituitary Adenomas with Chlorin e6 Photosensitizer. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9020052. [PMID: 35200407 PMCID: PMC8869665 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence diagnostics is one of the promising methods for intraoperative detection of brain tumor boundaries and helps in maximizing the extent of resection. This paper presents the results of a pilot study on the first use of the chlorin e6 photosensitizer and a two-channel video system for fluorescence-guided resection of pituitary adenomas. The study’s clinical part involved two patients diagnosed with hormonally inactive pituitary macroadenomas and one patient with a hormonally active one. All neoplasms had different sizes and growth patterns. The data showed accumulation of chlorin e6 in tumor tissues in high concentrations: Patient 1: 2 mg/kg, Patient 2: 5 mg/kg, and Patient 3: 4 mg/kg. For Patient 1, the residual part of the tumor was not resected since it was intimately attached to the anterior genu of the internal carotid artery. For Patients 2 and 3, no regions of increased Ce6 accumulation were detected in the tumor foci after resection. Therefore, the use of the Ce6 and a two-channel video system helped to achieve a high degree of tumor resection in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta I. Kozlikina
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.T.E.); (V.B.L.)
- Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Kanamat T. Efendiev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.T.E.); (V.B.L.)
- Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Yu. Grigoriev
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry”, The Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.G.); (O.Y.B.); (I.S.T.); (V.V.K.)
- The National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology, 117292 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olesia Y. Bogdanova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry”, The Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.G.); (O.Y.B.); (I.S.T.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Igor S. Trifonov
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry”, The Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.G.); (O.Y.B.); (I.S.T.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Vladimir V. Krylov
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry”, The Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.G.); (O.Y.B.); (I.S.T.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Victor B. Loschenov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.T.E.); (V.B.L.)
- Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
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Fontana LC, Pinto JG, Vitorio GDS, Ferreira I, Pacheco-Soares C, Mamone LA, Strixino JF. Photodynamic effect of protoporphyrin IX in gliosarcoma 9l/lacZ cell line. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 37:102669. [PMID: 34863947 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an oncologic treatment, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce the death of cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluate the action of PDT on gliosarcoma cells, using protoporphyrin IX as PS by incubation with the precursor aminolevulinic acid (ALA). An LED device was used with a light dose of 10 J/cm². The success of the therapy proved to be dependent on the concentration of ALA, and an incubation time of 4 h required for an effective response. Cell death was prevalent due to necrosis when assessed 18 h post-PDT. ALA proved to be an option to PDT in cells of the 9 L/lacZ, with the protocol tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Corrêa Fontana
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo
| | - Juliana Guerra Pinto
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo
| | - Gabrielle Dos Santos Vitorio
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo
| | - Isabelle Ferreira
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo
| | - Cristina Pacheco-Soares
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo
| | - Leandro Ariel Mamone
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias (CIPYP), CONICET and Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Córdoba 2351 1er subsuelo, Ciudad de Buenos Aires CP1120AAF, Argentina
| | - Juliana Ferreira Strixino
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo.
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Ohba S, Murayama K, Kuwahara K, Pareira ES, Nakae S, Nishiyama Y, Adachi K, Yamada S, Sasaki H, Yamamoto N, Abe M, Mukherjee J, Hasegawa M, Pieper RO, Hirose Y. The Correlation of Fluorescence of Protoporphyrinogen IX and Status of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase in Gliomas. Neurosurgery 2021; 87:408-417. [PMID: 31833548 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent of resection has been reported to be associated with overall survival in gliomas. The use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has been recognized to increase the extent of tumor resection. OBJECTIVE To evaluate what factors affect the intraoperative fluorescence after administration of 5-ALA in gliomas. METHODS Correlation of intraoperative fluorescence and several clinical, radiographic, molecular biologic, and histopathologic characters was retrospectively evaluated in 104 patients (53 males and 51 females; mean age 54.2 yr) with gliomas at our institution. To clarify the mechanisms that mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) affect the intraoperative fluorescence, in Vitro experiments using genetically engineered glioma cells harboring mutant IDH1 were performed. RESULTS Intraoperative fluorescence was observed in 82 patients (78.8%). In addition to age, magnetic resonance imaging enhancement, World Health Organization grades, and MIB-1 index, the status of IDH was revealed to be correlated with intraoperative fluorescence. In Vitro assay revealed that mutant IDH indirectly reduced the amount of exogenous 5-ALA-derived protoporphyrinogen IX in glioma cells by increasing activity of ferrochelatase and heme oxygenase 1. CONCLUSION Mutant IDH1/2-induced metabolite changes of exogenous 5-ALA were suggested to contribute to the lesser intraoperative fluorescence in gliomas with mutant IDH1/2 than in those without.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Ohba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | - Kiyonori Kuwahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | - Shunsuke Nakae
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Adachi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Fujita Health University Institute of Joint Research, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Masato Abe
- Department of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Joydeep Mukherjee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Russell O Pieper
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Yuichi Hirose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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5-ALA kinetics in meningiomas: analysis of tumor fluorescence and PpIX metabolism in vitro and comparative analyses with high-grade gliomas. J Neurooncol 2021; 152:37-46. [PMID: 33389565 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03680-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the utility 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) in meningiomas is increasingly discussed, data about the kinetics of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and tumor fluorescence are sparse. METHODS PpIX kinetics after exposition to varying 5-ALA doses (12.5-150 µg/ml) was analyzed in two immortalized as well as primary WHO grade I and II meningioma and U87 high-grade glioma cell lines. Expression of FECH, ABCB6 and ABCG2 was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Fluorescence in Ben-Men 1 and primary WHO grade I/II meningioma increased with rising 5-ALA doses up to 100 µg/ml but then showed a saturation effect. However, decrease of fluorescence was slower after 150 than after 100 µg/ml 5-ALA. Fluorescence in U87 cells marginally increased with rising 5-ALA doses. Kinetics of the fluorescence in Ben-Men 1 cells did not differ from primary meningioma cells after 25-150 µg/ml 5-ALA (p > .05, each). No difference was found when comparing the fluorescence between primary grade I and II meningiomas after any 5-ALA dosage (p > .05, each). No relevant fluorescence was found in IOMM-Lee cells. Expression of FECH, ABCB6 and ABCG2 as well as PpIX export differed between all analyzed cell lines but were not connected to fluorescence. CONCLUSIONS Eligibility of established meningioma cell lines for in-vitro analyzes of tumor fluorescence significantly differs. Fluorescence in Ben-Men 1 and primary meningioma cell lines but less in IOMM Lee cells is 5-ALA dose-dependent, encouraging in-situ trials to encounter currently discussed shortcomings of FGS in meningiomas. Fluorescence is not related to expression of FECH, ABCB6 and ABCG2.
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Kaneko S, Brokinkel B, Suero Molina E, Warneke N, Holling M, Bunk EC, Hess K, Senner V, Paulus W, Stummer W. Real-time in vivo kinetics of protoporphyrin IX after administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid in meningiomas and comparative analyses with glioblastomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2020; 162:2197-2202. [PMID: 32361907 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The usefulness of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) in meningiomas is intensely discussed. However, data about kinetics of 5-ALA and protoporphyrin (Pp) IX in meningiomas are lacking. METHODS As the first study so far, we performed longitudinal intraoperative real-time ex situ measurements of fluorescence intensity and PpIX concentrations during FGS of ten benign and two atypical meningiomas. Kinetics were subsequently compared with data from 229 glioblastomas. RESULTS Spectroscopy revealed fluorescence (median 2945.65 a.u.) and PpIX accumulation (median 18.31 μg/ml) in all 43 analyzed samples. Fluorescence intensity (2961.50 a.u. vs 118.41 a.u.; p < .001) and PpIX concentrations (18.72 μg/ml vs .98 μg/ml; p < .001) were higher in samples with (N = 30) than without (N = 2) visible intraoperative tumor fluorescence. ROC curve analyses revealed a PpIX cut-off concentration of 3.85 μg/ml (AUC = .992, p = .005) and a quantitative fluorescence cut-off intensity of 286.73 a.u. (AUC = .983, p = .006) for intraoperative visible tumor fluorescence. Neither fluorescence intensity (p = .356) nor PpIX (p = .631) differed between atypical and benign meningiomas. Fluorescence and PpIX peaked 7-8 h following administration of 5-ALA. Meningiomas displayed a higher fluorescence intensity (p = .012) and PpIX concentration (p = .005) than glioblastomas 5-6 h after administration of 5-ALA. Although fluorescence was basically maintained, PpIX appeared to be cleared faster in meningiomas than in glioblastomas. CONCLUSIONS Kinetics of PpIX and fluorescence intensity differ between meningiomas and glioblastomas in the early phase after 5-ALA administration. Modification of the timing of drug administration might impact visibility of intraoperative fluorescence and helpfulness of FGS and should be investigated in future analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadahiro Kaneko
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Benjamin Brokinkel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Eric Suero Molina
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Warneke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Holling
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Christina Bunk
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Hess
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Volker Senner
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Werner Paulus
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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Nakahara Y, Ito H, Masuoka J, Abe T. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy and Photodynamic Therapy for High-Grade Meningiomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1334. [PMID: 32456178 PMCID: PMC7281755 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common type of intracranial brain tumors in adults. The majority of meningiomas are benign with a low risk of recurrence after resection. However, meningiomas defined as grades II or III, according to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, termed high-grade meningiomas, frequently recur, even after gross total resection with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are novel treatment modalities for malignant brain tumors, represented by glioblastomas. Although BNCT is based on a nuclear reaction and PDT uses a photochemical reaction, both of these therapies result in cellular damage to only the tumor cells. The aim of this literature review is to investigate the possibility and efficacy of BNCT and PDT as novel treatment modalities for high-grade meningiomas. The present review was conducted by searching PubMed and Scopus databases. The search was conducted in December 2019. Early clinical studies of BNCT have demonstrated activity for high-grade meningiomas, and a phase II clinical trial is in progress in Japan. As for PDT, studies have investigated the effect of PDT in malignant meningioma cell lines to establish PDT as a treatment for malignant meningiomas. Further laboratory research combined with proper controlled trials investigating the effects of these therapies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nakahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 840-8501, Japan; (H.I.); (J.M.); (T.A.)
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Wang X, Tian Y, Liao X, Tang Y, Ni Q, Sun J, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Teng Z, Lu G. Enhancing selective photosensitizer accumulation and oxygen supply for high-efficacy photodynamic therapy toward glioma by 5-aminolevulinic acid loaded nanoplatform. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 565:483-493. [PMID: 31982715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The complex biology of glioma compromises therapeutic efficacy and results in poor prognosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising modality for localized tumor ablation with limited damage to healthy brain tissues. However, low photosensitizer concentration and hypoxic microenvironment in glioma tissue hamper the practical applications of PDT. To address the challenges, biocompatible periodic mesoporous organosilica coated Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB@PMOs) are constructed to load a biosafe prodrug 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which is pronouncedly converted to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in malignant cells. PB@PMO-5-ALA induces a higher accumulation of PpIX in glioma cells compared to free 5-ALA. Meanwhile, the PB@PMOs, with a mean edge length of 81 nm and good biocompatibility, effectively decompose hydrogen peroxide to oxygen in a temperature-responsive manner. Oxygen supply further contributes to the promotion of 5-ALA-PDT. Thus, the photodynamic effect of PB@PMO-5-ALA is significantly improved, imposing augmented cytotoxicity to glioma U87MG cells. Furthermore, ex vivo fluorescence imaging elucidates the tumor PpIX increases by 75% in PB@PMO-5-ALA treated mice than that in 5-ALA treated ones post 12 h injection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and iron staining strongly demonstrate the accumulation of PB@PMO-5-ALA in glioma tissues with negative contrast enhancement and blue staining deposits, respectively. The nanoparticle accumulation and high PpIX level collaboratively enhance PDT efficacy through PB@PMO-5-ALA, which efficiently suppresses tumor growth, providing a promising option with safety for local glioma ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiang Liao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuxia Tang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qianqian Ni
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhaogang Teng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Piffaretti D, Burgio F, Thelen M, Kaelin-Lang A, Paganetti P, Reinert M, D'Angelo ML. Corrigendum to "Protoporphyrin IX tracer fluorescence modulation for improved brain tumor cell lines visualization". JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 205:111828. [PMID: 32163836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence image guided surgical resection (FIGR) of high grade gliomas (HGGs) takes advantage of the accumulation of the tracer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in glioma cells following administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Occasionally, PpIX fluorescence intensity may be insufficient, thus compromising the efficacy and precision of the surgical intervention. The cause for the signal variation is unclear and strategies to improve the intensity of PpIX fluorescence are considered necessary. We have previously shown that differential expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor in glioblastoma cells affects PpIX fluorescence. Herein, we investigated other factors impairing PpIX accumulation and pharmacological treatments able to enhance PpIX fluorescence in glioblastoma cells displaying lower signal. In the present study we demonstrate that presence of serum in cell culture medium and differences in cellular confluence can negatively influence PpIX accumulation in U87 cell lines. We hypothesized that PpIX fluorescence intensity results from the interplay between the metabolic clearance of PpIX mediated by ferrochelatase (FECH) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the cellular efflux of PpIX through the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). Based on the availability of compounds targeting these proteins and inhibiting them, in this study we used modulators such as genistein, an isoflavone able to inhibit ABCG2; deferoxamine, which chelate iron ions impairing FECH activity and tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP), the specific HO-1 inhibitor. Finally, we showed the efficacy of a precisely tuned pharmacological treatment in increasing PpIX accumulation and consequently fluorescence in glioblastoma cells. This strategy may translate in more sensitive tracing of tumor cells in-vivo and improved FIGR of HGGs and possibly low grade gliomas (LGGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Piffaretti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Floriana Burgio
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW), Muttenz, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alain Kaelin-Lang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Neurosciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Paganetti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Reinert
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
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Holt D, Singhal S, Selmic LE. Near-infrared imaging and optical coherence tomography for intraoperative visualization of tumors. Vet Surg 2020; 49:33-43. [PMID: 31609011 PMCID: PMC11059208 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surgical excision is the foundation of treatment for early-stage solid tumors in man and companion animals. Complete excision with appropriate margins of surrounding tumor-free tissue is crucial to survival. Intraoperative imaging allows real-time visualization of tumors, assessment of surgical margins, and, potentially, lymph nodes and satellite metastatic lesions, allowing surgeons to perform complete tumor resections while sparing surrounding vital anatomic structures. This Review will focus on the use of near-infrared imaging and optical coherence tomography for intraoperative tumor visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Holt
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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13
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Piffaretti D, Burgio F, Thelen M, Kaelin-Lang A, Paganetti P, Reinert M, D'Angelo ML. Protoporphyrin IX tracer fluorescence modulation for improved brain tumor cell lines visualization. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 201:111640. [PMID: 31734545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence image guided surgical resection (FIGR) of high grade gliomas (HGGs) takes advantage of the accumulation of the tracer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in glioma cells following administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Occasionally, PpIX fluorescence intensity may be insufficient, thus compromising the efficacy and precision of the surgical intervention. The cause for the signal variation is unclear and strategies to improve the intensity of PpIX fluorescence are considered necessary. We have previously shown that differential expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor in glioblastoma cells affects PpIX fluorescence. Herein, we investigated other factors impairing PpIX accumulation and pharmacological treatments able to enhance PpIX fluorescence in glioblastoma cells displaying lower signal. In the present study we demonstrate that presence of serum in cell culture medium and differences in cellular confluence can negatively influence PpIX accumulation in U87 cell lines. We hypothesized that PpIX fluorescence intensity results from the interplay between the metabolic clearance of PpIX mediated by ferrochelatase and heme oxygenase-1 and the cellular efflux of PpIX through the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). Based on the availability of compounds targeting these proteins and inhibiting them, in this study we used modulators such as genistein, an isoflavone able to inhibit ABCG2; deferoxamine, which chelate iron ions impairing FECH activity and tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP), the specific HO-1 inhibitor. Finally, we showed the efficacy of a precisely tuned pharmacological treatment in increasing PpIX accumulation and consequently fluorescence in glioblastoma cells. This strategy may translate in more sensitive tracing of tumor cells in-vivo and improved FIGR of HGGs and possibly low grade gliomas (LGGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Piffaretti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Floriana Burgio
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW), Muttenz, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alain Kaelin-Lang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Neurosciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Paganetti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Reinert
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
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Goryaynov SA, Okhlopkov VA, Golbin DA, Chernyshov KA, Svistov DV, Martynov BV, Kim AV, Byvaltsev VA, Pavlova GV, Batalov A, Konovalov NA, Zelenkov PV, Loschenov VB, Potapov AA. Fluorescence Diagnosis in Neurooncology: Retrospective Analysis of 653 Cases. Front Oncol 2019; 9:830. [PMID: 31552168 PMCID: PMC6747044 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study is to analyze fluorescence sensitivity in the diagnosis of brain and spinal cord tumors. Material and methods: The authors conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of data on 653 cases in 641 patients: 553 of them had brain tumors and 88 spinal cord tumors. Brain tumor resection was performed in 523 patients, of whom 484 were adults and 39 children. The analyzed series was presented by 320 gliomas, 101 meningiomas, and 72 metastases. A stereotactic biopsy was performed in 20 patients and endoscopic surgery in 10 patients. In all cases, 20 mg/kg of 5-Aminolaevulinic acid was administered orally 2-h before surgery. All surgical interventions were performed with a microscope BLUE 400 to visualize fluorescence, while endoscopic surgery-with an endoscope equipped with a fluorescent module. Fluorescence spectroscopy was conducted in 20 cases of stereotactic biopsies and in 88 cases of spinal cord tumors. Results: Among adult brain tumors operated by microsurgical techniques, meningiomas showed the highest 5-ALA fluorescence sensitivity 94% (n = 95/101), brain metastases 84.7% (n = 61/72), low-grade gliomas 46.4% (n = 26/56), and high-grade gliomas 90.2% (n = 238/264). In children the highest 5-ALA visible fluorescence was observed in anaplastic astrocytomas 100% (n = 4/4) and in anaplastic ependymomas 100% (n = 4/4); in low-grade gliomas it made up 31.8% (n = 7/22). As for the spinal cord tumors in adults, the highest sensitivity was demonstrated by glioblastomas 100% (n = 4/4) and by meningiomas 100% (n = 4/4); Fluorescence was not found in gemangioblastomas (n = 0/6) and neurinomas (n = 0/4). Fluorescence intensity reached 60% (n = 6/10) in endoscopic surgery and 90% (n = 18/20) in stereotactic biopsy. Conclusion: 5-ALA fluorescence diagnosis proved to be most sensitive in surgery of HGG and meningioma (90.2 and 94.1%, respectively). Sensitivity in surgery of intracranial metastases and spinal cord tumors was slightly lower (84.7 and 63.6%, correspondingly). The lowest fluorescence sensitivity was marked in pediatric tumors and LGG (50 and 46.4%, correspondingly). Fluorescence diagnosis can also be used in transnasal endoscopic surgery of skull base tumors and in stereotactic biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Goryaynov
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Okhlopkov
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis A. Golbin
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Chernyshov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrij V. Svistov
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris V. Martynov
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandr V. Kim
- V. A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vadim A. Byvaltsev
- Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Galina V. Pavlova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Batalov
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Konovalov
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr V. Zelenkov
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor B. Loschenov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr A. Potapov
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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15
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The role of 5-aminolevulinic acid in spinal tumor surgery: a review. J Neurooncol 2018; 141:575-584. [PMID: 30594965 PMCID: PMC6373300 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-03080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Primary intradural spinal neoplasms account for a small proportion of central nervous system tumors. The primary treatment for these tumors consists of maximal safe resection and preservation of neurologic function. Gross total resection, which is associated with the lowest rate of tumor recurrence and longer progression-free survival for most histologies, can be difficult to achieve. Currently, the use of 5-aminolevulinc acid (5-ALA) which takes advantage of Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence, is a well-established technique for improving resection of malignant cerebral gliomas. This technique is being increasingly applied to other cerebral neoplasms, and multiple studies have attempted to evaluate the utility of 5-ALA-aided resection of spinal neoplasms. Methods The authors reviewed the existing literature on the use of 5-ALA and PpIX fluorescence as an aid to resection of primary and secondary spinal neoplasms by searching the PUBMED and EMBASE database for records up to March 2018. Data was abstracted from all studies describing spinal neurosurgical uses in the English language. Results In the reviewed studies, the most useful fluorescence was observed in meningiomas, ependymomas, drop metastases from cerebral gliomas, and hemangiopericytomas of the spine, which is consistent with applications in cerebral neoplasms. Conclusions The available literature is significantly limited by a lack of standardized methods for measurement and quantification of 5-ALA fluorescence. The results of the reviewed studies should guide future development of rational trial protocols for the use of 5-ALA guided resection in spinal neoplasms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11060-018-03080-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Brokinkel B, Kröger S, Senner V, Jeibmann A, Karst U, Stummer W. Visualizing protoporphyrin IX formation in the dura tail of meningiomas by mass spectrometry imaging. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018; 160:1433-1437. [PMID: 29450654 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-018-3488-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advantages of 5-aminolevulinacid (5-ALA)-induced fluorescence-guided surgery in meningiomas are increasingly discussed. In this context, despite detectable tumor tissue in histopathologial analyses, no fluorescence was shown at the dura tail using the standard operating microscope. Thus, 5-ALA metabolism in this surgically important site remains unknown but needs to be elucidated when further evaluating indications of fluorescence-guided surgery in meningiomas. METHOD We here present the spatially resolved identification of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in sphenoid ridge meningioma cryosections from a patient who underwent fluorescence-guided microsurgery using molecular imaging analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS/MS). RESULTS Despite a strong fluorescence of the main tumor, no fluorescence could be detected at the dura tail using the standard operating microscope (blue-light, 405 nm). However, histopathological analyses clearly showed meningioma tissue. Remarkably, MALDI-MS/MS analysis revealed PpIX formation also at the non-fluorescing dura tail. However, no PpIX was detected in the tumor free dura mater. CONCLUSION MALDI-MS/MS visualized a selective accumulation of PpIX within the tumor tissue including the dura tail. Thus, absence of fluorescence in the dura tail as visualized by the operating microscope is not caused by the lack of PpIX formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Brokinkel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Kröger
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Volker Senner
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Astrid Jeibmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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Kamp MA, Krause Molle Z, Munoz-Bendix C, Rapp M, Sabel M, Steiger HJ, Cornelius JF. Various shades of red-a systematic analysis of qualitative estimation of ALA-derived fluorescence in neurosurgery. Neurosurg Rev 2018; 41:3-18. [PMID: 27225452 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-016-0745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-fluorescence-guided resection is well established in many neuro-oncologic centers. Different classifications of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence have been reported. The aim of the systematic analysis was to evaluate the frequency of graduations, definitions, and designations of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence qualities. A systematic database search of PubMed was performed to identify studies reporting (1) on 5-ALA fluorescence-guided either spinal or cranial surgery, (2) on qualitative estimation and/or categorization of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence, (3) in English, and (4) were published as peer-reviewed original studies. Totally, 93 studies were identified. Different classification systems of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence were found. Over 60 % of the included studies used a dichotomized categorization of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence and 27.5 % of studies distinguished two different intensities of 5-ALA fluorescent tissue in addition to non-fluorescing tissue. More than 50 % of studies explicitly defined criteria for categorization of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence. The major limitation of the present analysis might be that it mainly comprises data from retrospective, uncontrolled, non-randomized trials. However, a precise definition of each 5-ALA-induced fluorescence quality is essential. Although dichotomized classification is the most common and simple graduation system, it may not be suitable for every clinical or scientific task. A three-level 5-ALA-induced fluorescence classification with precise definition of each fluorescence quality and their correlation with histological features would be more useful and reproducible in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A Kamp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Zarela Krause Molle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christopher Munoz-Bendix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marion Rapp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Sabel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Jakob Steiger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan F Cornelius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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19
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Millesi M, Kiesel B, Mischkulnig M, Martínez-Moreno M, Wöhrer A, Wolfsberger S, Knosp E, Widhalm G. Analysis of the surgical benefits of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence in intracranial meningiomas: experience in 204 meningiomas. J Neurosurg 2016; 125:1408-1419. [PMID: 27015401 DOI: 10.3171/2015.12.jns151513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One of the most important causes for recurrence of intracranial meningiomas is residual tumor tissue that remains despite assumed complete resection. Recently, intraoperative visualization of meningioma tissue by 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence was reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible surgical benefits of PpIX fluorescence for detection of meningioma tissue. METHODS 5-ALA was administered preoperatively to 190 patients undergoing resection of 204 intracranial meningiomas. The meningiomas' PpIX fluorescence status, fluorescence quality (strong or vague), and intratumoral fluorescence homogeneity were investigated during surgery. Additionally, specific sites, including the dural tail, tumor-infiltrated bone flap, adjacent cortex, and potential satellite lesions, were analyzed for PpIX fluorescence in selected cases. RESULTS PpIX fluorescence was observed in 185 (91%) of 204 meningiomas. In the subgroup of sphenoorbital meningiomas (12 of 204 cases), the dural part showed visible PpIX fluorescence in 9 cases (75%), whereas the bony part did not show any PpIX fluorescence in 10 cases (83%). Of all fluorescing meningiomas, 168 (91%) showed strong PpIX fluorescence. Typically, most meningiomas demonstrated homogeneous fluorescence (75% of cases). No PpIX fluorescence was observed in any of the investigated 89 dural tails. In contrast, satellite lesions could be identified through PpIX fluorescence in 7 cases. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrated bone flaps could be visualized by PpIX fluorescence in all 13 cases. Notably, PpIX fluorescence was also present in the adjacent cortex in 20 (25%) of 80 analyzed cases. CONCLUSIONS The authors' data from this largest patient cohort to date indicate that PpIX fluorescence enables intraoperatively visualization of most intracranial meningiomas and allows identification of residual tumor tissue at specific sites. Thus, intraoperative detection of residual meningioma tissue by PpIX fluorescence might in future reduce the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Millesi
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, and
| | - Barbara Kiesel
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, and
| | | | | | - Adelheid Wöhrer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, and
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Wolfsberger
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, and
| | - Engelbert Knosp
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, and
| | - Georg Widhalm
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, and
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Hiding in the Shadows: CPOX Expression and 5-ALA Induced Fluorescence in Human Glioma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5699-5708. [PMID: 27644131 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is widely used in photodynamic diagnosis. To date, the details of molecular mechanisms underlying PpIX accumulation in malignant cells after 5-ALA administration remain unclear. The fluorescence of PpIX was studied in human glioma cells. Several cell cultures were established from glioma tumor tissue to study the differences between fluorescence-positive and fluorescence-negative human glioma tumors. The cell cultures demonstrated fluorescence profiles similar to those of source tumor tissues, which allows us to use these cultures in experimental research. Dynamics of the rates of synthesis and degradation of fluorescent protoporphyrin IX was studied in the cultures obtained. In addition, the expression of CPOX, an enzyme involved in PpIX synthesis, was evaluated. mRNA levels of heme biosynthesis enzymes were analyzed, and PpIX fluorescence proved to correlate with the CPOX protein level, whereas no such correlation was observed at the mRNA level. Fluorescence intensity decreased at low levels of the enzyme, which indicates its critical role in PpIX fluorescence. Finally, the fluorescence intensity proved to correlate with the proliferative activity.
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Mari C, Huang H, Rubbiani R, Schulze M, Würthner F, Chao H, Gasser G. Evaluation of Perylene Bisimide-Based RuIIand IrIIIComplexes as Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mari
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
- Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Riccardo Rubbiani
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Marcus Schulze
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Hui Chao
- Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
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Kim JE, Cho HR, Xu WJ, Kim JY, Kim SK, Kim SK, Park SH, Kim H, Lee SH, Choi SH, Park S, Park CK. Mechanism for enhanced 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutant malignant gliomas. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20266-77. [PMID: 26008980 PMCID: PMC4653003 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has become the main treatment modality in malignant gliomas. However unlike glioblastomas, there are inconsistent result about fluorescence status in WHO grade III gliomas. Here, we show that mutational status of IDH1 is linked to 5-ALA fluorescence. Using genetically engineered malignant glioma cells harboring wild type (U87MG-IDH1WT) or mutant (U87MG-IDH1R132H) IDH1, we demonstrated a lag in 5-ALA metabolism and accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in U87MG-IDH1R132H cells. Next, we used liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to screen for tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related metabolite changes caused by 5-ALA exposure. We observed low baseline levels of NADPH, an essential cofactor for the rate-limiting step of heme degradation, in U87MG-IDH1R132H cells. High levels of NADPH are required to metabolize excessive 5-ALA, giving a plausible reason for the temporarily enhanced 5-ALA fluorescence in mutant IDH1 cells. This hypothesis was supported by the results of metabolic screening in human malignant glioma samples. In conclusion, we have discovered a relationship between enhanced 5-ALA fluorescence and IDH1 mutations in WHO grade III gliomas. Low levels of NADPH in tumors with mutated IDH1 is responsible for the enhanced fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Eun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Rim Cho
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wen Jun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kwon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Laser biospectroscopy and 5-ALA fluorescence navigation as a helpful tool in the meningioma resection. Neurosurg Rev 2016; 39:437-47. [PMID: 26887580 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-015-0697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a natural precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PP IX), which possesses fluorescent properties and is more intensively accumulated in tumor cells than in normal tissue. Therefore, the use of 5-ALA in the surgical treatment of intracranial tumors, particularly gliomas, has gained popularity in the last years, whereas its use in other intracranial pathological entities including meningiomas has been reported occasionally. This study describes a series of 28 patients with intracranial meningiomas, who were administered 5-ALA for a better visualization of tumor boundaries. Twelve patients underwent also laser spectroscopic analysis in order to confirm the visual impression of tumor tissue visualization. Bone infiltration was readily demonstrated. In one case, the tumor recurrence could have been prevented by removal of a tumor remnant, which would possibly have been better recognized if spectroscopic analysis had been used. Fluorescent navigation (FN) is a useful method for maximizing the radicality of meningioma surgery, particularly if the tumor infiltrates the bone, the skull base, and/or the surrounding structures.
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Potapov AA, Goryaynov SA, Okhlopkov VA, Pitskhelauri DI, Kobyakov GL, Zhukov VY, Gol'bin DA, Svistov DV, Martynov BV, Krivoshapkin AL, Gaytan AS, Anokhina YE, Varyukhina MD, Gol'dberg MF, Kondrashov AV, Chumakova AP. [Clinical guidelines for the use of intraoperative fluorescence diagnosis in brain tumor surgery]. ZHURNAL VOPROSY NEĬROKHIRURGII IMENI N. N. BURDENKO 2016; 79:91-101. [PMID: 26528619 DOI: 10.17116/neiro201579591-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a review of current literature on the application of intraoperative fluorescence diagnosis and fluorescence spectroscopy using 5-aminolevulinic acid in surgery for various types of brain tumors, both alone and in combination with other neuroimaging methods. Authors' extensive experience with these methods allowed them to develop a set of clinical guidelines for the use of intraoperative fluorescence diagnosis and fluorescence spectroscopy in surgery of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Potapov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - G L Kobyakov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Yu Zhukov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Gol'bin
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Svistov
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - B V Martynov
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - A S Gaytan
- Meshalkin Research Institute of Pathology of Circulation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yu E Anokhina
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M D Varyukhina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M F Gol'dberg
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Kondrashov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Rabinovich OF, Guseva AV, Abramova ES. [Clinical and laboratory rationale for photodynamic therapy in patients with severe complicated oral lichen planus]. STOMATOLOGII︠A︡ 2015; 94:40-46. [PMID: 26171545 DOI: 10.17116/stomat201594240-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A V Guseva
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial
| | - E S Abramova
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial
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26
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Ewelt C, Nemes A, Senner V, Wölfer J, Brokinkel B, Stummer W, Holling M. Fluorescence in neurosurgery: Its diagnostic and therapeutic use. Review of the literature. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 148:302-309. [PMID: 26000742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent agents, e.g. 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), fluorescein and indocyanine green (ICG) are in common use in neurosurgery for tumor resection and neurovascular surgery. Protoporphyrine IX (PPIX) as major metabolite of 5-ALA is a strong fluorescent substance accumulated within malignant glioma tissue and a very sensitive and specific tool for visualizing high grade glioma tissue during surgery. Furthermore, 5-ALA or rather PPIX also offers an intratumoral therapeutic option stimulated by laser light in specific wavelength. Fluorescein was demonstrated to show similar fluorescent reactions in neurosurgery, but is controversial in its use, especially in high grade tumor surgery. Intraoperative angiography during resection of arterio-venous malformations, extracranial-intracranial-bypass or aneurysm surgery is supported by ICG fluorescence. Generally ICG will provide beneficial information for both, exposure of the pathology and illustration of healthy structures. This manuscript shows an overview of the literature focussing fluorescence in neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ewelt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Münster, Germany.
| | - Andrei Nemes
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Volker Senner
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Wölfer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Holling
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
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El-Khatib M, Tepe C, Senger B, Dibué-Adjei M, Riemenschneider MJ, Stummer W, Steiger HJ, Cornelius JF. Aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy of human meningioma: an in vitro study on primary cell lines. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:9936-48. [PMID: 25941934 PMCID: PMC4463626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16059936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Five-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced porphyrins in malignant gliomas are potent photosensitizers. Promising results of ALA-PDT (photodynamic therapy) in recurrent glioblastomas have been published. Recently, 5-ALA-induced fluorescence was studied in meningioma surgery. Here, we present an experimental study of ALA-PDT in an in vitro model of primary meningioma cell lines. METHODS We processed native tumor material obtained intra-operatively within 24 h for cell culture. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunohistochemistry was performed after the first passage to confirm that cells were meningioma cells. For 5-ALA-PDT treatment, about 5000 cells per well were seeded in 20 wells of a blank 96-well plate. Each block of 4 wells was inoculated with 150 µL of 0, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL 5-ALA solutions; one block was used as negative control without 5-ALA and without PDT. Following incubation for 3 h PDT was performed using a laser (635 nm, 18.75 J/cm²). The therapeutic response was analyzed by the water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) cell viability assay 90 min after PDT. RESULTS 5-ALA-PDT was performed in 14 primary meningioma cell lines. EMA expression was verified in 10 primary cell cultures. The remaining 4 were EMA negative and PDT was without any effect in these cultures. All 10 EMA-positive cell lines showed a significant and dose-dependent decrease in viability rate (p < 0.001). Cell survival at 5-ALA concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL was 96.5% ± 7.6%, 67.9% ± 29.9%, 24.0% ± 16.7% and 13.8% ± 7.5%, respectively. For the negative controls (no 5-ALA/PDT and ALA/no PDT), the viability rates were 101.72% ± 3.5% and 100.17% ± 3.6%, respectively. The LD50 for 5-ALA was estimated between 25 and 50 µg/mL. CONCLUSION This study reveals dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of 5-ALA-PDT on primary cell lines of meningiomas. Either 5-ALA or PDT alone did not affect cell survival. Further efforts are necessary to study the potential therapeutic effects of 5-ALA-PDT in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa El-Khatib
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Carolin Tepe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Brigitte Senger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Maxine Dibué-Adjei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Universität zu Köln, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Universität zu Köln, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Markus Johannes Riemenschneider
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Hans Jakob Steiger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jan Frédérick Cornelius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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28
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Takeuchi S, Shimizu K, Shimizu K, Akasu H, Okamura R. Identification of pathological and normal parathyroid tissue by fluorescent labeling with 5-aminolevulinic acid during endocrine neck surgery. J NIPPON MED SCH 2015; 81:84-93. [PMID: 24805094 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.81.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When performing parathyroid or thyroid surgery, surgeons must distinguish parathyroid tissue from the surrounding thyroid tissue, to preserve healthy parathyroid tissue while excising diseased thyroid tissue or to completely remove pathological parathyroid lesions. Here, we explored the feasibility of labeling the parathyroid glands for easy identification by administering 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) orally to patients undergoing endocrine neck surgery, because 5-ALA accumulates in the parathyroid and has a fluorescent metabolite, protoporphyrin IX. METHODS Twenty-nine patients about to undergo endocrine (parathyroid or thyroid gland) neck surgery were orally given 5-ALA, a nontoxic substance that occurs naturally in the human body and has no known major side effects. During surgery, we used blue light to excite protoporphyrin IX, the fluorescent metabolite of 5-ALA, and viewed the resulting bright red fluorescence through an optical filter. RESULTS In the majority of the patients, the parathyroid glands were defined by a clear fluorescence. In 23 patients with pathological parathyroid tissue, the fluorescence enabled us to identify and completely remove diseased parathyroid tissue. In 3 patients with thyroid disease, we were able to easily remove diseased thyroid tissue, and an accidentally removed parathyroid gland was autotransplanted during surgery. CONCLUSIONS In all but a few cases, 5-ALA clearly labeled parathyroid tissue, allowing for its clean removal or preservation according to the purpose of the surgery. This simple, benign technique is extremely useful for identifying parathyroid tissue, whether pathological or normal, during endocrine neck surgery.
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Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX fluorescence was authorized in the EU for visualization of tumor tissue during surgery for WHO grade III and IV gliomas in 2007. It facilitates tumor identification and doubles the number of gross total resections that can be achieved in these tumors. The growing acceptance of fluorescence-guided surgery in malignant gliomas brings forward a substantial yield of data on many types of intracranial lesions. The following review summarizes the main findings of these publications and illustrates the limitations, caveats and future perspectives of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced fluorescence in malignant glioma as well as in other brain neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hefti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Brauerstrasse 95, 9016 St Gallen, Switzerland.
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30
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Valdes PA, Bekelis K, Harris BT, Wilson BC, Leblond F, Kim A, Simmons NE, Erkmen K, Paulsen KD, Roberts DW. 5-Aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX fluorescence in meningioma: qualitative and quantitative measurements in vivo. Neurosurgery 2014; 10 Suppl 1:74-82; discussion 82-3. [PMID: 23887194 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence has shown promise as a surgical adjunct for maximizing the extent of surgical resection in gliomas. To date, the clinical utility of 5-ALA in meningiomas is not fully understood, with most descriptive studies using qualitative approaches to 5-ALA-PpIX. OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic performance of 5-ALA-PpIX fluorescence during surgical resection of meningioma. METHODS ALA was administered to 15 patients with meningioma undergoing PpIX fluorescence-guided surgery at our institution. At various points during the procedure, the surgeon performed qualitative, visual assessments of fluorescence by using the surgical microscope, followed by a quantitative fluorescence measurement by using an intraoperative probe. Specimens were collected at each point for subsequent neuropathological analysis. Clustered data analysis of variance was used to ascertain a difference between groups, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to assess diagnostic capabilities. RESULTS Red-pink fluorescence was observed in 80% (12/15) of patients, with visible fluorescence generally demonstrating a strong, homogenous character. Quantitative fluorescence measured diagnostically significant PpIX concentrations (cPpIx) in both visibly and nonvisibly fluorescent tissues, with significantly higher cPpIx in both visibly fluorescent (P < .001) and tumor tissue (P = .002). Receiver operating characteristic analyses also showed diagnostic accuracies up to 90% for differentiating tumor from normal dura. CONCLUSION ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence guidance is a potential and promising adjunct in accurately detecting neoplastic tissue during meningioma resective surgery. These results suggest a broader reach for PpIX as a biomarker for meningiomas than was previously noted in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdes
- *Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; ‡Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; §Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; ‖Departments of Pathology and Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC; ¶Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; #Engineering Physics Department, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; **Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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Wilbers E, Hargus G, Wölfer J, Stummer W. Usefulness of 5-ALA (Gliolan®)-derived PPX fluorescence for demonstrating the extent of infiltration in atypical meningiomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2014; 156:1853-4. [PMID: 24973199 PMCID: PMC4167311 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-014-2148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eike Wilbers
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gunnar Hargus
- Institut für Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Wölfer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Stummer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Cho HR, Kim DH, Kim D, Doble P, Bishop D, Hare D, Park CK, Moon WK, Han MH, Choi SH. Malignant Glioma: MR Imaging by Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in an Animal Model. Radiology 2014; 272:720-30. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.14131459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Albert I, Hefti M, Luginbuehl V. Physiological oxygen concentration alters glioma cell malignancy and responsiveness to photodynamic therapy in vitro. Neurol Res 2014; 36:1001-10. [PMID: 24923209 DOI: 10.1179/1743132814y.0000000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in brain tumors ranges from 5 to 15%. Nevertheless, the majority of in vitro experiments with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines are carried out under an atmospheric pO2 of 19 to 21%. Recently, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), has been introduced to neurosurgery to allow for photodynamic diagnosis and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in high-grade gliomas. Here, we investigate whether low pO2 affects GBM cell physiology, PpIX accumulation, or PDT efficacy. METHODS GBM cell lines (U-87 MG and U-251 MG) were cultured under atmospheric (pO2 = 19%) and physiological (pO2 = 9%) oxygen concentrations. PpIX accumulation and localization were investigated, and cell survival and cell death were observed following in vitro PDT. RESULTS A physiological pO2 of 9% stimulated GBM cell migration, increased hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha levels, and elevated resistance to camptothecin in U-87 MG cells compared to cultivation at a pO2 of 19%. This oxygen reduction did not alter 5-ALA-induced intracellular PpIX accumulation. However, physiological pO2 changed the responsiveness of U-87 MG but not of U-251 MG cells to in vitro PDT. Around 20% more irradiation light was required to kill U-87 MG cells at physiological pO2, resulting in reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release (one- to two-fold) and inhibition of caspase 3 activation. DISCUSSION Reduction of oxygen concentration from atmospheric to a more physiological level can influence the malignant behavior and survival of GBM cell lines after in vitro PDT. Therefore, precise oxygen concentration control should be considered when designing and performing experiments with GBM cells.
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Tung CH. Colorful lighting in the operating room. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2013; 3:186-8. [PMID: 24040612 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2013.07.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsuan Tung
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY10065, USA
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Barron GA, Moseley H, Woods JA. Differential sensitivity in cell lines to photodynamic therapy in combination with ABCG2 inhibition. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2013; 126:87-96. [PMID: 23911860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABCG2 is an ATP-binding cassette transporter protein which has a role in the regulation of endogenous protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) levels. OBJECTIVE To understand the influence of ABCG2 on porphyrin-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) and fluorescence diagnosis (FD), we examined the role of endogenous ABCG2 in four human cell lines from the epidermis (HaCaT keratinocytes), oesophagus (OE19 adenocarcinoma), brain (SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma) and bladder (HT1197 carcinoma). METHODS Cells were incubated with ALA or MAL in the presence or absence of the ABCG2 activity inhibitor Ko-143. Porphyrin accumulation was detected by spectrofluorimetric analysis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with porphyrin localisation observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. PDT efficacy was assessed 24h post irradiation (1.5J/cm(2) red light) by the neutral red (NR) assay. RESULTS We show cell-specific differences when Ko-143 was co-incubated with ALA or, in particular with, MAL. Enhanced PDT-induced cell kill was shown in HaCaT, OE19 and HT1197 cells, but not SH-SY5Y cells and could be explained by porphyrin accumulation and expression of ABCG2. We have also found that despite high levels of intracellular PpIX, the OE19 cells were protected from phototoxic cell death by PpIX compartmentalisation. This could be reversed by Ko-143. CONCLUSION The results from this study show a possible cause of reduced sensitivity to ALA/MAL-PDT, with a potential solution to overcome this effect in certain tissue types. The potential to improve PDT with Ko-143 remains promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma A Barron
- Photobiology Unit, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, United Kingdom.
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Efficient production of skimmin and 6′-succinylskimmin from umbelliferone by organic solvent-tolerant Bacillus licheniformis ZSP01 using nitrogen sources regulation strategy. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5-Aminolevulinic acid fluorescence-guided surgery for spinal meningioma. World Neurosurg 2012; 80:223.e1-3. [PMID: 23247024 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fluorescence-guided surgery for cranial meningioma has been reported to be useful. There are no reports about spinal cases using this technique. We report on a meningioma of the cervical spine for which fluorescence-guided surgery was used. CASE DESCRIPTION A 78-year-old female patient with a meningioma located in the cervical spine underwent surgery using fluorescence guidance. After complete removal of the meningioma and removal and coagulation of the dural attachment (equal to Simpson grade II resection), a fluorescence-positive remnant could be identified and successfully removed. The remnant was found to harbor meningioma tissue on histological examination. CONCLUSIONS Fluorescence-guided microsurgery is helpful in achieving a total resection of spinal meningiomas, and might therefore reduce the risk of recurrence.
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Hefti M, Albert I, Luginbuehl V. Phenytoin reduces 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX accumulation in malignant glioma cells. J Neurooncol 2012; 108:443-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-012-0857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wachowska M, Muchowicz A, Firczuk M, Gabrysiak M, Winiarska M, Wańczyk M, Bojarczuk K, Golab J. Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Molecules 2011. [PMCID: PMC6263343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16054140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an endogenous metabolite normally formed in the mitochondria from succinyl-CoA and glycine. Conjugation of eight ALA molecules yields protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and finally leads to formation of heme. Conversion of PpIX to its downstream substrates requires the activity of a rate-limiting enzyme ferrochelatase. When ALA is administered externally the abundantly produced PpIX cannot be quickly converted to its final product - heme by ferrochelatase and therefore accumulates within cells. Since PpIX is a potent photosensitizer this metabolic pathway can be exploited in photodynamic therapy (PDT). This is an already approved therapeutic strategy making ALA one of the most successful prodrugs used in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wachowska
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Angelika Muchowicz
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Firczuk
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gabrysiak
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Winiarska
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wańczyk
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Bojarczuk
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F Building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Department III, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel. +48-22-5992199; Fax: +48-22-5992194
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