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Olaizola AM, Kuis R, Johnson A, Kingsley D. Stimulated Raman generation of aqueous singlet oxygen without photosensitizers. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 235:112562. [PMID: 36095974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen is traditionally produced via photosensitizer molecules such as methylene blue, which function as catalysts. Here we investigate stimulated Raman generation of singlet oxygen from dissolved oxygen in both water (H2O) and heavy water (D2O) using nanosecond-pulsed visible blue laser light in the 400-440 nm spectral region without singlet oxygen photosensitizers. We report an oxygen-dependent Stokes peak in the red spectrum (600-670 nm) that is identical when produced in H2O and D2O. These red Stokes photons are not detected when an oxygen quencher is present. Temporal photodepletion of the uric acid absorbance peak at 294 nm is consistent with singlet oxygen generation. We postulate that a two-photon stimulated Raman process produces singlet oxygen from O2 dissolved within the solvents. We note that the energy difference between input and output photons of 0.97 eV is precisely the energy needed to excite O2 to its singlet state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristides Marcano Olaizola
- Division of Physics, Engineering, Mathematics, and Computer Science, Delaware State University, 1200 North DuPont Highway, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
| | - Robinson Kuis
- Center for Advanced Studies in Photonics Research, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States of America
| | - Anthony Johnson
- Center for Advanced Studies in Photonics Research, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States of America
| | - David Kingsley
- Residue Chemistry and Predictive Microbiology Research Unit, US Dept. of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Delaware State University, 1200 North DuPont Highway, Dover, DE 19901, United States of America
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2
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Bharmoria P, Yanai N, Kimizuka N. Recent Progress in Photon Upconverting Gels. Gels 2019; 5:gels5010018. [PMID: 30917611 PMCID: PMC6473564 DOI: 10.3390/gels5010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the development of gels showing triplet-triplet annihilation based photon upconversion (TTA-UC) is reviewed. Among the two families of upconverting gels reported, those display TTA-UC based on molecular diffusion show performances comparable to those in solutions, and the TTA-UC therein are affected by dissolved molecular oxygen. Meanwhile, air-stable TTA-UC is achieved in organogels and hydrogels by suitably accumulating TTA-UC chromophores which are stabilized by hydrogen bonding networks of the gelators. The unique feature of the air-stable upconverting gels is that the self-assembled nanostructures are protected from molecular oxygen dissolved in the microscopically interconnected solution phase. The presence of the bicontinuous structures formed by the upconverting fibrous nanoassemblies and the solution phase is utilized to design photochemical reaction systems induced by TTA-UC. Future challenges include in vivo applications of hydrogels showing near infrared-to-visible TTA-UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bharmoria
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiro Yanai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
- PRESTO, JST, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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3
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Sandland J, Boyle RW. Photosensitizer Antibody–Drug Conjugates: Past, Present, and Future. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:975-993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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4
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Escobar P, Vera AM, Neira LF, Velásquez AO, Carreño H. Photodynamic therapy using ultradeformable liposomes loaded with chlorine aluminum phthalocyanine against L. (V.) braziliensis experimental models. Exp Parasitol 2018; 194:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Croissant JG, Durand JO. Mesoporous Silica-Based Nanoparticles for Light-Actuated Biomedical Applications via Near-Infrared Two-Photon Absorption. Enzymes 2018; 43:67-99. [PMID: 30244809 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight the design of nanomaterials for two-photon excitation, in order to treat tumors with a high accuracy. Indeed two-photon excitation allows remote control of the nanoparticles with a spatio-temporal resolution. The nanomaterials are based on mesoporous silica-organosilica nanoparticles including core-shell systems. The therapeutic treatments include drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, gene silencing, and their combinations. At first, the nanosystems designed for two-photon-triggered cytotoxic drug delivery are reviewed. Then the nanomaterials prepared for two-photon photodynamic therapy and reactive oxygen species delivery are discussed. Finally, the nanosystems combining drug delivery or gene silencing with two-photon photodynamic therapy are presented. Due to the rapid progresses concerning two-photon-excited nanomaterials and the interest of near-infrared light to treat deep tumors, we believe this technology could be of high interest for the personalized medicine of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas G Croissant
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
| | - Jean-Olivier Durand
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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Pushalkar S, Ghosh G, Xu Q, Liu Y, Ghogare AA, Atem C, Greer A, Saxena D, Lyons AM. Superhydrophobic Photosensitizers: Airborne 1O 2 Killing of an in Vitro Oral Biofilm at the Plastron Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:25819-25829. [PMID: 29972022 PMCID: PMC6698391 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen is a potent agent for the selective killing of a wide range of harmful cells; however, current delivery methods pose significant obstacles to its widespread use as a treatment agent. Limitations include the need for photosensitizer proximity to tissue because of the short (3.5 μs) lifetime of singlet oxygen in contact with water; the strong optical absorption of the photosensitizer, which limits the penetration depth; and hypoxic environments that restrict the concentration of available oxygen. In this article, we describe a novel superhydrophobic singlet oxygen delivery device for the selective inactivation of bacterial biofilms. The device addresses the current limitations by: immobilizing photosensitizer molecules onto inert silica particles; embedding the photosensitizer-containing particles into the plastron (i.e. the fluid-free space within a superhydrophobic surface between the solid substrate and fluid layer); distributing the particles along an optically transparent substrate such that they can be uniformly illuminated; enabling the penetration of oxygen via the contiguous vapor space defined by the plastron; and stabilizing the superhydrophobic state while avoiding the direct contact of the sensitizer to biomaterials. In this way, singlet oxygen generated on the sensitizer-containing particles can diffuse across the plastron and kill bacteria even deep within the hypoxic periodontal pockets. For the first time, we demonstrate complete biofilm inactivation (>5 log killing) of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterium implicated in periodontal disease using the superhydrophobic singlet oxygen delivery device. The biofilms were cultured on hydroxyapatite disks and exposed to active and control surfaces to assess the killing efficiency as monitored by colony counting and confocal microscopy. Two sensitizer particle types, a silicon phthalocyanine sol-gel and a chlorin e6 derivative covalently bound to fluorinated silica, were evaluated; the biofilm killing efficiency was found to correlate with the amount of singlet oxygen detected in separate trapping studies. Finally, we discuss the applications of such devices in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smruti Pushalkar
- Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York 10010, United States
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - QianFeng Xu
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, 215 W 125 St., 4 Floor, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Ashwini A. Ghogare
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Cecilia Atem
- Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York 10010, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, 215 W 125 St., 4 Floor, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Deepak Saxena
- Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York 10010, United States
| | - Alan M. Lyons
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, 215 W 125 St., 4 Floor, New York, NY 10027, United States
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7
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Protti S, Albini A, Viswanathan R, Greer A. Targeting Photochemical Scalpels or Lancets in the Photodynamic Therapy Field—The Photochemist's Role. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:1139-1153. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Angelo Albini
- PhotoGreen Lab Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | | | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry Brooklyn College Brooklyn NY
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York City NY
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Ortega-Liebana MC, Hueso JL, Arenal R, Santamaria J. Titania-coated gold nanorods with expanded photocatalytic response. Enzyme-like glucose oxidation under near-infrared illumination. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:1787-1792. [PMID: 27714228 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06300d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods coated with a uniform titanium dioxide nanoshell have been prepared and used as glucose-oxidase surrogates. Remarkably, this core-shell photocatalytic nanostructure has been able to induce complete oxidation of glucose at near room temperature (32-34 °C) in a wide range of pH values with the aid of a near-infrared (NIR) irradiation source. In contrast, the uncoated gold nanorods exhibit negligible photo-oxidation response under identical experimental conditions thereby proving the photoactivity of the titania shell towards glucose oxidation. The process takes place via in situ photo-generation of singlet oxygen or hydroxyl radicals as reactive oxidative species (ROS). This underlines the role played by the core nanorods as plasmonic light harvesters in the NIR range and constitutes the first example of a NIR-activated enzyme-like catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ortega-Liebana
- Institute of Nanoscience of Aragon (INA) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain. and CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Hueso
- Institute of Nanoscience of Aragon (INA) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain. and CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Arenal
- Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain and ARAID Foundation, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J Santamaria
- Institute of Nanoscience of Aragon (INA) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain. and CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini A. Ghogare
- Department
of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department
of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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10
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Singlet oxygen production in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under heat stress. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20094. [PMID: 26831215 PMCID: PMC4757480 DOI: 10.1038/srep20094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, singlet oxygen formation by lipid peroxidation induced by heat stress (40 °C) was studied in vivo in unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Primary and secondary oxidation products of lipid peroxidation, hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde, were generated under heat stress as detected using swallow-tailed perylene derivative fluorescence monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Lipid peroxidation was initiated by enzymatic reaction as inhibition of lipoxygenase by catechol and caffeic acid prevented hydroperoxide formation. Ultra-weak photon emission showed formation of electronically excited species such as triplet excited carbonyl, which, upon transfer of excitation energy, leads to the formation of either singlet excited chlorophyll or singlet oxygen. Alternatively, singlet oxygen is formed by direct decomposition of hydroperoxide via Russell mechanisms. Formation of singlet oxygen was evidenced by the nitroxyl radical 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trapping spectroscopy and the imaging of green fluorescence of singlet oxygen sensor green detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Suppression of singlet oxygen formation by lipoxygenase inhibitors indicates that singlet oxygen may be formed via enzymatic lipid peroxidation initiated by lipoxygenase.
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11
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Yu C, Avci P, Canteenwala T, Chiang LY, Chen BJ, Hamblin MR. Photodynamic Therapy with Hexa(sulfo-n-butyl)[60]Fullerene Against Sarcoma In Vitro and In Vivo. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 16:171-81. [PMID: 27398442 PMCID: PMC4941956 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.10652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The hydrophilic molecular micellar hexa(sulfo-n-butyl)[60]fullerene (FC₄S), first synthesized in 1998 as a photosensitizer (PS) has been reported to exhibit high efficacy for singlet oxygen generation and antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of photoactivated FC₄S for free radical generation and to mediate photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that following light irradiation, FC4S produced singlet oxygen, but after addition of electron donors such as ferrocytochrome c or NADH, FC4S also produced superoxide. The combination of FC4S with light irradiation was able to induce cytotoxicity to human fibrosarcoma cells and murine sarcoma 180 cells in vitro. Cell-killing was proportional to fluence as well as FC4S concentration. Photoirradiation by argon-ion laser after intraperitoneal injection of FC4S also resulted in inhibition of S180 tumor growth in vivo (up to 80% reduction of tumor volume). Hematological and blood biochemistry parameters of the cancer-bearing mice were improved by PDT. Based on these findings, we conclude that FC₄S has a great potential as a nanomedicine in PDT for cancer.
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12
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Relationship between Oxidative Stress, Circadian Rhythms, and AMD. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:7420637. [PMID: 26885250 PMCID: PMC4738726 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7420637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews concepts regarding oxidative stress and the mechanisms by which endogenous and exogenous factors produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). It also surveys the relationships between oxidative stress, circadian rhythms, and retinal damage in humans, particularly those related to light and photodamage. In the first section, the production of ROS by different cell organelles and biomolecules and the antioxidant mechanisms that antagonize this damage are reviewed. The second section includes a brief review of circadian clocks and their relationship with the cellular redox state. In the third part of this work, the relationship between retinal damage and ROS is described. The last part of this work focuses on retinal degenerative pathology, age-related macular degeneration, and the relationships between this pathology, ROS, and light. Finally, the possible interactions between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), circadian rhythms, and this pathology are discussed.
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Narsireddy A, Vijayashree K, Adimoolam MG, Manorama SV, Rao NM. Photosensitizer and peptide-conjugated PAMAM dendrimer for targeted in vivo photodynamic therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6865-78. [PMID: 26604753 PMCID: PMC4639554 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s89474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Challenges in photodynamic therapy (PDT) include development of efficient near infrared-sensitive photosensitizers (5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphine [PS]) and targeted delivery of PS to the tumor tissue. In this study, a dual functional dendrimer was synthesized for targeted PDT. For targeting, a poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (G4) was conjugated with a PS and a nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) group. A peptide specific to human epidermal growth factor 2 was expressed in Escherichia coli with a His-tag and was specifically bound to the NTA group on the dendrimer. Reaction conditions were optimized to result in dendrimers with PS and the NTA at a fractional occupancy of 50% and 15%, respectively. The dendrimers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, absorbance, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Using PS fluorescence, cell uptake of these particles was confirmed by confocal microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. PS-dendrimers are more efficient than free PS in PDT-mediated cell death assays in HER2 positive cells, SK-OV-3. Similar effects were absent in HER2 negative cell line, MCF-7. Compared to free PS, the PS-dendrimers have shown significant tumor suppression in a xenograft animal tumor model. Conjugation of a PS with dendrimers and with a targeting agent has enhanced photodynamic therapeutic effects of the PS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nalam M Rao
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
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14
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Pereira F, Latino DARS, Gaudêncio SP. QSAR-assisted virtual screening of lead-like molecules from marine and microbial natural sources for antitumor and antibiotic drug discovery. Molecules 2015; 20:4848-73. [PMID: 25789820 PMCID: PMC6272462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) approach for classification was used for the prediction of compounds as active/inactive relatively to overall biological activity, antitumor and antibiotic activities using a data set of 1746 compounds from PubChem with empirical CDK descriptors and semi-empirical quantum-chemical descriptors. A data set of 183 active pharmaceutical ingredients was additionally used for the external validation of the best models. The best classification models for antibiotic and antitumor activities were used to screen a data set of marine and microbial natural products from the AntiMarin database-25 and four lead compounds for antibiotic and antitumor drug design were proposed, respectively. The present work enables the presentation of a new set of possible lead like bioactive compounds and corroborates the results of our previous investigations. By other side it is shown the usefulness of quantum-chemical descriptors in the discrimination of biologically active and inactive compounds. None of the compounds suggested by our approach have assigned non-antibiotic and non-antitumor activities in the AntiMarin database and almost all were lately reported as being active in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florbela Pereira
- Centro de Química Fina e Biotecnologia (CQFB)/LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Diogo A R S Latino
- Centro de Química Fina e Biotecnologia (CQFB)/LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
- Centro de Ciências Moleculares e Materiais (CCMM), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universida Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.
| | - Susana P Gaudêncio
- Centro de Química Fina e Biotecnologia (CQFB)/LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
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15
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Nardi G, Manet I, Monti S, Miranda MA, Lhiaubet-Vallet V. Scope and limitations of the TEMPO/EPR method for singlet oxygen detection: the misleading role of electron transfer. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 77:64-70. [PMID: 25236741 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
For many biological and biomedical studies, it is essential to detect the production of (1)O2 and quantify its production yield. Among the available methods, detection of the characteristic 1270-nm phosphorescence of singlet oxygen by time-resolved near-infrared (TRNIR) emission constitutes the most direct and unambiguous approach. An alternative indirect method is electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in combination with a singlet oxygen probe. This is based on the detection of the TEMPO free radical formed after oxidation of TEMP (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine) by singlet oxygen. Although the TEMPO/EPR method has been widely employed, it can produce misleading data. This is demonstrated by the present study, in which the quantum yields of singlet oxygen formation obtained by TRNIR emission and by the TEMPO/EPR method are compared for a set of well-known photosensitizers. The results reveal that the TEMPO/EPR method leads to significant overestimation of singlet oxygen yield when the singlet or triplet excited state of the photosensitizer is efficiently quenched by TEMP, acting as electron donor. In such case, generation of the TEMP(+) radical cation, followed by deprotonation and reaction with molecular oxygen, gives rise to an EPR-detectable TEMPO signal that is not associated with singlet oxygen production. This knowledge is essential for an appropriate and error-free application of the TEMPO/EPR method in chemical, biological, and medical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Nardi
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ilse Manet
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandra Monti
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Virginie Lhiaubet-Vallet
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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16
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The photodynamic effect of far-red range phthalocyanines (AlPc and Pc green) supported by electropermeabilization in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells of sensitive and resistant type. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 69:145-52. [PMID: 25661351 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electroporation (EP) is commonly applied for effective drug transport thorough cell membranes based on the application of electromagnetic field. When applied with cytostatics, it is called electrochemotherapy (ECT) - a quite new method of cancer treatment. A high-voltage pulse causes the formation of temporary pores in the cell membrane which create an additional way for the intracellular drug transport. In the current work, EP was effectively merged with the already known photodynamic therapy (PDT) to selective photosensitizers' delivery to diseased tissue. The application of electroporation can reduce the dose of applied drug. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE The aim of research was to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic reaction using two near infrared cyanines (AlPc and Pc green) combined with electroporation in two human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two human cell lines - EPG85-257P (parental) and EPG85-257RDB (resistant to daunorubicin) - of gastric cancer were used. The effect of two photosensitizers (aluminum 1,8,15,22-tetrakis(-phenylthio)-29H,31H-phthalocyanine chloride and Phthalocyanine green) was investigated. The efficiency of EP parameters was assessed by propidium iodide uptake. The viability assay was applied to analyse EP, PDT and EP-PDT effect. Cyanine localization was determined by confocal microscopy. Immunocytochemical evaluation of manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase-pi was determined after applied therapies. RESULTS PDT in combination with EP affected the viability of EPG85-257P and EPG85-257RDB cells negatively while both cyanine were used. The most evident changes were observed in the following concentrations: 15, 10 and 5μM. The optimal field strength for enhanced EP-PDT was 800 and 1200V/cm. AlPc distributed selectively in the lysosomes of parental cell line. CONCLUSIONS PDT, enhanced by EP, caused decreased viability when compared to the application of PDT alone. Both phthalocyanines found to be more effective after electroporation. Due to the low concentration of light-sensitive compounds and safety of electroporation itself, a treatment plan can be an alternative therapeutic modality against gastric adenocarcinomas.
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Xu Q, Barahman M, Bartusik D, Greer A, Lyons AM. Singlet oxygen generation on porous superhydrophobic surfaces: effect of gas flow and sensitizer wetting on trapping efficiency. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:10364-71. [PMID: 24885074 PMCID: PMC4234451 DOI: 10.1021/jp503149x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe physical-organic studies of singlet oxygen generation and transport into an aqueous solution supported on superhydrophobic surfaces on which silicon-phthalocyanine (Pc) particles are immobilized. Singlet oxygen ((1)O2) was trapped by a water-soluble anthracene compound and monitored in situ using a UV-vis spectrometer. When oxygen flows through the porous superhydrophobic surface, singlet oxygen generated in the plastron (i.e., the gas layer beneath the liquid) is transported into the solution within gas bubbles, thereby increasing the liquid-gas surface area over which singlet oxygen can be trapped. Higher photooxidation rates were achieved in flowing oxygen, as compared to when the gas in the plastron was static. Superhydrophobic surfaces were also synthesized so that the Pc particles were located in contact with, or isolated from, the aqueous solution to evaluate the relative effectiveness of singlet oxygen generated in solution and the gas phase, respectively; singlet oxygen generated on particles wetted by the solution was trapped more efficiently than singlet oxygen generated in the plastron, even in the presence of flowing oxygen gas. A mechanism is proposed that explains how Pc particle wetting, plastron gas composition and flow rate as well as gas saturation of the aqueous solution affect singlet oxygen trapping efficiency. These stable superhydrophobic surfaces, which can physically isolate the photosensitizer particles from the solution may be of practical importance for delivering singlet oxygen for water purification and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York , Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
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Choudhury R, Greer A. Synergism between airborne singlet oxygen and a trisubstituted olefin sulfonate for the inactivation of bacteria. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:3599-3605. [PMID: 24611688 PMCID: PMC3993907 DOI: 10.1021/la404564k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of a trisubstituted alkene surfactant (8-methylnon-7-ene-1 sulfonate, 1) to airborne singlet oxygen in a solution containing E. coli was examined. Surfactant 1 was prepared by a Strecker-type reaction of 9-bromo-2-methylnon-2-ene with sodium sulfite. Submicellar concentrations of 1 were used that reacted with singlet oxygen by an "ene" reaction to yield two hydroperoxides (7-hydroperoxy-8-methylnon-8-ene-1 sulfonate and (E)-8-hydroperoxy-8-methylnon-6-ene-1 sulfonate) in a 4:1 ratio. Exchanging the H2O solution for D2O where the lifetime of solution-phase singlet oxygen increases by 20-fold led to an ∼2-fold increase in the yield of hydroperoxides pointing to surface activity of singlet oxygen with the surfactant in a partially solvated state. In this airborne singlet oxygen reaction, E. coli inactivation was monitored in the presence and absence of 1 and by a LIVE/DEAD cell permeabilization assay. It was shown that the surfactant has low dark toxicity with respect to the bacteria, but in the presence of airborne singlet oxygen, it produces a synergistic enhancement of the bacterial inactivation. How the ene-derived surfactant hydroperoxides can provoke (1)O2 toxicity and be of general utility is discussed.
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Pospíšil P, Prasad A, Rác M. Role of reactive oxygen species in ultra-weak photon emission in biological systems. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 139:11-23. [PMID: 24674863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-weak photon emission originates from the relaxation of electronically excited species formed in the biological systems such as microorganisms, plants and animals including humans. Electronically excited species are formed during the oxidative metabolic processes and the oxidative stress reactions that are associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The review attempts to overview experimental evidence on the involvement of superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen in both the spontaneous and the stress-induced ultra-weak photon emission. The oxidation of biomolecules comprising either the hydrogen abstraction by superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals or the cycloaddition of singlet oxygen initiate a cascade of oxidative reactions that lead to the formation of electronically excited species such as triplet excited carbonyl, excited pigments and singlet oxygen. The photon emission of these electronically excited species is in the following regions of the spectrum (1) triplet excited carbonyl in the near UVA and blue-green areas (350-550nm), (2) singlet and triplet excited pigments in the green-red (550-750nm) and red-near IR (750-1000nm) areas, respectively and (3) singlet oxygen in the red (634 and 703nm) and near IR (1270nm) areas. The understanding of the role of ROS in photon emission allows us to use the spontaneous and stress-induced ultra-weak photon emission as a non-invasive tool for monitoring of the oxidative metabolic processes and the oxidative stress reactions in biological systems in vivo, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Pospíšil
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Ankush Prasad
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Rác
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Pereira F, Latino DARS, Gaudêncio SP. A chemoinformatics approach to the discovery of lead-like molecules from marine and microbial sources en route to antitumor and antibiotic drugs. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:757-78. [PMID: 24473174 PMCID: PMC3944514 DOI: 10.3390/md12020757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive information of small molecules and their biological activities in the PubChem database allows chemoinformatic researchers to access and make use of large-scale biological activity data to improve the precision of drug profiling. A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship approach, for classification, was used for the prediction of active/inactive compounds relatively to overall biological activity, antitumor and antibiotic activities using a data set of 1804 compounds from PubChem. Using the best classification models for antibiotic and antitumor activities a data set of marine and microbial natural products from the AntiMarin database were screened-57 and 16 new lead compounds for antibiotic and antitumor drug design were proposed, respectively. All compounds proposed by our approach are classified as non-antibiotic and non-antitumor compounds in the AntiMarin database. Recently several of the lead-like compounds proposed by us were reported as being active in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florbela Pereira
- CQFB (Centro de Química Fina e Biotecnologia)/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Diogo A R S Latino
- CQFB (Centro de Química Fina e Biotecnologia)/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Susana P Gaudêncio
- CQFB (Centro de Química Fina e Biotecnologia)/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
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Eberhard J, Peuntinger K, Rath S, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Guldi DM, Mattay J. A study of acridine and acridinium-substituted bis(terpyridine)zinc(ii) and ruthenium(ii) complexes as photosensitizers for O2 (1Δg) generation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:380-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50349f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Josefsen LB, Boyle RW. Unique diagnostic and therapeutic roles of porphyrins and phthalocyanines in photodynamic therapy, imaging and theranostics. Theranostics 2012; 2:916-66. [PMID: 23082103 PMCID: PMC3475217 DOI: 10.7150/thno.4571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyrinic molecules have a unique theranostic role in disease therapy; they have been used to image, detect and treat different forms of diseased tissue including age-related macular degeneration and a number of different cancer types. Current focus is on the clinical imaging of tumour tissue; targeted delivery of photosensitisers and the potential of photosensitisers in multimodal biomedical theranostic nanoplatforms. The roles of porphyrinic molecules in imaging and pdt, along with research into improving their selective uptake in diseased tissue and their utility in theranostic applications are highlighted in this Review.
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Jarrett SG, Boulton ME. Consequences of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration. Mol Aspects Med 2012; 33:399-417. [PMID: 22510306 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The retina resides in an environment that is primed for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resultant oxidative damage. The retina is one of the highest oxygen-consuming tissues in the human body. The highest oxygen levels are found in the choroid, but this falls dramatically across the outermost retina, creating a large gradient of oxygen towards the retina and inner segments of the photoreceptors which contain high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This micro-environment together with abundant photosensitizers, visible light exposure and a high energy demand supports a highly oxidative milieu. However, oxidative damage is normally minimized by the presence of a range of antioxidant and efficient repair systems. Unfortunately, as we age oxidative damage increases, antioxidant capacity decreases and the efficiency of reparative systems become impaired. The result is retinal dysfunction and cell loss leading to visual impairment. It appears that these age-related oxidative changes are a hallmark of early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) which, in combination with hereditary susceptibility and other retinal modifiers, can progress to the pathology and visual morbidity associated with advanced AMD. This review reassesses the consequences of oxidative stress in AMD and strategies for preventing or reversing oxidative damage in retinal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Jarrett
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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