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Li Z, Jiang W, Salerno S, Li Y, Chen Y, Xu Z, Wang G. Acute Hemodynamic Improvement by Thermal Vasodilation inside the Abdominal and Iliac Arterial Segments of Young Sedentary Individuals. J Vasc Res 2021; 58:191-206. [PMID: 33823509 DOI: 10.1159/000514588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the hemodynamic response to lower leg heating intervention (LLHI) inside the abdominal and iliac arterial segments (AIAS) of young sedentary individuals. METHODS A Doppler measurement of blood flow was conducted for 5 young sedentary adults with LLHI. Heating durations of 0, 20, and 40 min were considered. A lumped parameter model (LPM) was used to ascertain the hemodynamic mechanism. The hemodynamics were determined via numerical approaches. RESULTS Ultrasonography revealed that the blood flow waveform shifted upwards under LLHI; in particular, the mean flow increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing heating duration. The LPM showed that its mechanism depends on the reduction in afterload resistance, not on the inertia of blood flow and arterial compliance. The time-averaged wall shear stress, time-averaged production rate of nitric oxide, and helicity in the external iliac arteries increased more significantly than in other segments as the heating duration increased, while the oscillation shear index (OSI) and relative residence time (RRT) in the AIAS declined with increasing heating duration. There was a more obvious helicity response in the bilateral external iliac arteries than the OSI and RRT responses. CONCLUSION LLHI can effectively induce a positive hemodynamic environment in the AIAS of young sedentary individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyou Li
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Stephen Salerno
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, China
| | - Guanshi Wang
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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McCarty MF. Nutraceutical, Dietary, and Lifestyle Options for Prevention and Treatment of Ventricular Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073321. [PMID: 33805039 PMCID: PMC8037104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although well documented drug therapies are available for the management of ventricular hypertrophy (VH) and heart failure (HF), most patients nonetheless experience a downhill course, and further therapeutic measures are needed. Nutraceutical, dietary, and lifestyle measures may have particular merit in this regard, as they are currently available, relatively safe and inexpensive, and can lend themselves to primary prevention as well. A consideration of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the VH/HF syndrome suggests that measures which control oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, that support effective nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide bioactivity, that prevent a reduction in cardiomyocyte pH, and that boost the production of protective hormones, such as fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), while suppressing fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and marinobufagenin, may have utility for preventing and controlling this syndrome. Agents considered in this essay include phycocyanobilin, N-acetylcysteine, lipoic acid, ferulic acid, zinc, selenium, ubiquinol, astaxanthin, melatonin, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, berberine, citrulline, high-dose folate, cocoa flavanols, hawthorn extract, dietary nitrate, high-dose biotin, soy isoflavones, taurine, carnitine, magnesium orotate, EPA-rich fish oil, glycine, and copper. The potential advantages of whole-food plant-based diets, moderation in salt intake, avoidance of phosphate additives, and regular exercise training and sauna sessions are also discussed. There should be considerable scope for the development of functional foods and supplements which make it more convenient and affordable for patients to consume complementary combinations of the agents discussed here. Research Strategy: Key word searching of PubMed was employed to locate the research papers whose findings are cited in this essay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity Foundation, 811 B Nahant Ct., San Diego, CA 92109, USA
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The influence of environmental and core temperature on cyclooxygenase and PGE2 in healthy humans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6531. [PMID: 33753764 PMCID: PMC7985197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether cyclooxygenase (COX)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) thermoregulatory pathways, observed in rodents, present in humans? Participants (n = 9) were exposed to three environments; cold (20 °C), thermoneutral (30 °C) and hot (40 °C) for 120 min. Core (Tc)/skin temperature and thermal perception were recorded every 15 min, with COX/PGE2 concentrations determined at baseline, 60 and 120 min. Linear mixed models identified differences between and within subjects/conditions. Random coefficient models determined relationships between Tc and COX/PGE2. Tc [mean (range)] increased in hot [+ 0.8 (0.4-1.2) °C; p < 0.0001; effect size (ES): 2.9], decreased in cold [- 0.5 (- 0.8 to - 0.2) °C; p < 0.0001; ES 2.6] and was unchanged in thermoneutral [+ 0.1 (- 0.2 to 0.4) °C; p = 0.3502]. A relationship between COX2/PGE2 in cold (p = 0.0012) and cold/thermoneutral [collapsed, condition and time (p = 0.0243)] was seen, with higher PGE2 associated with higher Tc. A within condition relationship between Tc/PGE2 was observed in thermoneutral (p = 0.0202) and cold/thermoneutral [collapsed, condition and time (p = 0.0079)] but not cold (p = 0.0631). The data suggests a thermogenic response of the COX/PGE2 pathway insufficient to defend Tc in cold. Further human in vivo research which manipulates COX/PGE2 bioavailability and participant acclimation/acclimatization are warranted to elucidate the influence of COX/PGE2 on Tc.
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Francisco MA, Colbert C, Larson EA, Sieck DC, Halliwill JR, Minson CT. Hemodynamics of post-exercise vs. post hot water immersion recovery. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1362-1372. [PMID: 33630675 PMCID: PMC8354820 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00260.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to compare the hemodynamics of the recovery periods following exercise versus hot water immersion. Twelve subjects (6 F, 22.7 ± 0.8 y; BMI: 21.8 ± 2.1 kg·m-2) exercised for 60 minutes at 60% VO2peak or were immersed in 40.5oC water for 60 minutes on separate days, in random order. Measurements were made before, during, and for 60-minutes post-intervention (i.e., recovery) and included heart rate, arterial pressure, core temperature, and subjective measures. Brachial and superficial femoral artery blood flows were assessed using Doppler ultrasonography and cardiac output was measured using the acetylene wash-in method. Internal temperature increased to a similar extent during exercise and hot water immersion. Cardiac outputand mean arterial pressure were greater during exercise than during hot water immersion (both p<0.01). Sustained reductions in mean arterial pressure compared to baseline were observed in both conditions during recovery (p<0.001 vs before each intervention). Cardiac output was similar during recovery between the interventions. Stroke volume was reduced throughout recovery following exercise, but not following hot water immersion (p<0.01). Brachial artery retrograde shear was reduced following hot water immersion, but not following exercise (Interaction; p=0.035). Antegrade shear in the superficial femoral artery was elevated compared to baseline (p=0.027) for 60 minutes following exercise, whereas it returned near baseline values (p=0.564) by 40 minutes following hot water immersion. Many of the changes observed during the post-exercise recovery period that are thought to contribute to long-term beneficial cardiovascular adaptations were also observed during the post-hot water immersion recovery period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cameron Colbert
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, United States
| | - Emily A Larson
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, United States
| | - Dylan C Sieck
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, United States
| | - John R Halliwill
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, United States
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Ye WN, Thipse M, Mahdi MB, Azad S, Davies R, Ruel M, Silver MA, Hakami L, Mesana T, Leenen F, Mussivand T. Can heat therapy help patients with heart failure? Artif Organs 2020; 44:680-692. [PMID: 32017138 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To review and analyze the clinical outcomes of thermal therapy (≤1.4°C increase in core body temperature) in patients with heart failure (HF). A systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the effects of thermal therapy on HF was done by searching PubMed, Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and internal databases up to date (2019). Improvement in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class: Ten studies with 310 patients showed significant improvement in NYHA class. Only 7 among 40 patients remained in Class IV and 99 patients in Class III from 155 patients. Increased patients in lower classes indicate that more patients showed improvement. Sixteen studies on 506 patients showed an overall improvement of 4.4% of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Four studies reported improved endothelial dysfunction by 1.7% increase in flow-mediated dilation (FMD) on 130 patients. Reduction in blood pressure: Thermal therapy reduced both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure by 3.1% and 5.31%, respectively, in 431 patients of 15 studies. Decrease in cardiothoracic ratio (CTR): Eight studies reported an average of 5.55% reduction of CTR in a total of 347 patients. Improvement in oxidative stress markers: Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels significantly decreased (mean difference of 14.8 pg/dL) in 303 patients of 9 studies. Improvement of quality of life: Among 65 patients, thermal therapy reduced cardiac death and rehospitalization by 31.3%. A slight increase in core body temperature is a promising, noninvasive, effective, and complementary therapy for patients with HF. Further clinical studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie N Ye
- Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Madhura Thipse
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Maleka Ben Mahdi
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sharlin Azad
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ross Davies
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Ruel
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc A Silver
- Heart Failure Institute, Advocate Christ Medical Centre, Oak Lawn, IL, USA
| | - Lale Hakami
- Medical Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thierry Mesana
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Frans Leenen
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tofy Mussivand
- Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Li Z, Jiang W, Chen Y, Wang G, Yan F, Zeng T, Fan H. Acute and short-term efficacy of sauna treatment on cardiovascular function: A meta-analysis. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2020; 20:96-105. [PMID: 32814462 DOI: 10.1177/1474515120944584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of sauna bathing in cardiovascular function treatment has been increasingly explored, but insufficient attention has been paid to its efficacy. We performed a meta-analysis to provide more evidence for the efficacy of sauna treatment in cardiovascular nursing. METHODS Sixteen peer-reviewed journal articles were screened to summarize the efficacy of the sauna on cardiovascular function. Both acute (0-30 min after the sauna) and short-term (2-4 weeks following the sauna treatment) efficacies were investigated. RESULTS For pooled acute efficacy, body temperature and heart rate significantly (p<0.001) grew by 0.94℃ and 17.86 beats/min, respectively; reductions of 5.55 mmHg (p<0.001) and 6.50 mmHg (p<0.001) were also observed in systolic blood pressure and diastole blood pressure, respectively. For combined short-term efficacy, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-min walk distance, and flow-mediated dilation (p<0.001) increased by 3.27%, 48.11 m, and 1.71%, respectively; greater amelioration in LVEF was observed in participants with lower LVEF. The proportion of patients with New York Heart Association class III and IV decreased by 10.9% and 12.2%, respectively. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, brain natriuretic peptide concentration, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, cardiothoracic ratio, and left atrial dimension reduced by 5.26 mmHg (p<0.001), 4.14 mmHg (p<0.001), 116.66 pg/mL (p<0.001), 2.79 mm (p<0.001), 2.628% (p<0.05), and 1.88 mm (p<0.05), respectively, while the concentration of norepinephrine in the plasma remained unchanged. CONCLUSION Sauna treatment was found to play a positive role in improving cardiovascular function and physical activity levels, especially in patients with low cardiovascular function. These findings reveal that thermal intervention may be a promising means for cardiovascular nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyou Li
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanshi Wang
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haidong Fan
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Clinical Effects of Regular Dry Sauna Bathing: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:1857413. [PMID: 29849692 PMCID: PMC5941775 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1857413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Many health benefits are claimed by individuals and facilities promoting sauna bathing; however the medical evidence to support these claims is not well established. This paper aims to systematically review recent research on the effects of repeated dry sauna interventions on human health. Methods A systematic search was made of medical databases for studies reporting on the health effects of regular dry sauna bathing on humans from 2000 onwards. Risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Results Forty clinical studies involving a total of 3855 participants met the inclusion criteria. Only 13 studies were randomized controlled trials and most studies were small (n < 40). Reported outcome measures were heterogeneous with most studies reporting beneficial health effects. Only one small study (n = 10) reported an adverse health outcome of disrupted male spermatogenesis, demonstrated to be reversible when ceasing sauna activity. Conclusions Regular dry sauna bathing has potential health benefits. More data of higher quality is needed on the frequency and extent of adverse side effects. Further study is also needed to determine the optimal frequency and duration of distinct types of sauna bathing for targeted health effects and the specific clinical populations who are most likely to benefit.
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Yoon SJ, Park JK, Oh S, Jeon DW, Yang JY, Hong SM, Kwak MS, Choi YS, Rim SJ, Youn HJ. A Warm Footbath Improves Coronary Flow Reserve in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Coronary Artery Disease. Echocardiography 2011; 28:1119-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8175.2011.01493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Becker BE. Aquatic therapy: scientific foundations and clinical rehabilitation applications. PM R 2009; 1:859-72. [PMID: 19769921 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aquatic environment has broad rehabilitative potential, extending from the treatment of acute injuries through health maintenance in the face of chronic diseases, yet it remains an underused modality. There is an extensive research base supporting aquatic therapy, both within the basic science literature and clinical literature. This article describes the many physiologic changes that occur during immersion as applied to a range of common rehabilitative issues and problems. Because of its wide margin of therapeutic safety and clinical adaptability, aquatic therapy is a very useful tool in the rehabilitative toolbox. Through a better understanding of the applied physiology, the practitioner may structure appropriate therapeutic programs for a diverse patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E Becker
- Washington State University, National Aquatics and Sports Medicine Institute, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Spokane WA 99224, USA.
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Frishman WH, Beravol P, Carosella C. Alternative and complementary medicine for preventing and treating cardiovascular disease. Dis Mon 2009; 55:121-92. [PMID: 19215737 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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