1
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Adamus-Grabicka AA, Hikisz P, Sikora J. Nanotechnology as a Promising Method in the Treatment of Skin Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2165. [PMID: 38396841 PMCID: PMC10889690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of skin cancer continues to grow. There are an estimated 1.5 million new cases each year, of which nearly 350,000 are melanoma, which is often fatal. Treatment is challenging and often ineffective, with conventional chemotherapy playing a limited role in this context. These disadvantages can be overcome by the use of nanoparticles and may allow for the early detection and monitoring of neoplastic changes and determining the effectiveness of treatment. This article briefly reviews the present understanding of the characteristics of skin cancers, their epidemiology, and risk factors. It also outlines the possibilities of using nanotechnology, especially nanoparticles, for the transport of medicinal substances. Research over the previous decade on carriers of active substances indicates that drugs can be delivered more accurately to the tumor site, resulting in higher therapeutic efficacy. The article describes the application of liposomes, carbon nanotubes, metal nanoparticles, and polymer nanoparticles in existing therapies. It discusses the challenges encountered in nanoparticle therapy and the possibilities of improving their performance. Undoubtedly, the use of nanoparticles is a promising method that can help in the fight against skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika A. Adamus-Grabicka
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Pawel Hikisz
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Sikora
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
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2
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Thim EA, Fox T, Deering T, Vass LR, Sheybani ND, Kester M, Price RJ. Solid tumor treatment via augmentation of bioactive C6 ceramide levels with thermally ablative focused ultrasound. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:3145-3153. [PMID: 37335416 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Sparse scan partial thermal ablation (TA) with focused ultrasound (FUS) may be deployed to treat solid tumors and increase delivery of systemically administered therapeutics. Furthermore, C6-ceramide-loaded nanoliposomes (CNLs), which rely upon the enhanced-permeation and retention (EPR) effect for delivery, have shown promise for treating solid tumors and are being tested in clinical trials. Here, our objective was to determine whether CNLs synergize with TA in the control of 4T1 breast tumors. CNL monotherapy of 4T1 tumors yielded significant intratumoral bioactive C6 accumulation by the EPR effect, but tumor growth was not controlled. TA increased bioactive C6 accumulation by ~ 12.5-fold over the EPR effect. In addition, TA + CNL caused shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios (i.e., C16/24 and C18/C24) that could potentially contribute to tumor control. Nonetheless, these changes in intratumoral ceramide levels were still insufficient to confer tumor growth control beyond that achieved when combining with TA with control "ghost" nanoliposomes (GNL). While this lack of synergy could be due to increased "pro-tumor" sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels, this is unlikely because S1P levels exhibited only a moderate and statistically insignificant increase with TA + CNL. In vitro studies showed that 4T1 cells are highly resistant to C6, offering the most likely explanation for the inability of TA to synergize with CNL. Thus, while our results show that sparse scan TA is a powerful approach for markedly enhancing CNL delivery and generating "anti-tumor" shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios, resistance of the tumor to C6 can still be a rate-limiting factor for some solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Andrew Thim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Todd Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Tye Deering
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Luke R Vass
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Natasha D Sheybani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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3
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Saeidi Z, Giti R, Rostami M, Mohammadi F. Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems in the Transdermal Treatment of Melanoma. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:646-662. [PMID: 38022807 PMCID: PMC10676549 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence rate of melanoma is dramatically increasing worldwide, raising it to the fifth most common cancer in men and the sixth in women currently. Resistance generally occurs to the agents used in chemotherapy; besides their high toxicity destroys the normal cells. This study reviewed a detailed summary of the structure, advantages, and disadvantages of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems in the treatment of melanoma, as well as some nanocarrier applications in animal models or clinical studies. Respective databases were searched for the target keywords and 93 articles were reviewed and discussed. A close study of the liposomes, niosomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, transethosomes, cubosomes, dendrimers, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was conducted. It was found that these nanocarriers could inhibit metastasis and migration of melanoma cells and decrease cell viability. Conclusively, some nanocarriers like liposomes, niosomes, and transferosomes have been discussed as superior to conventional therapies for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Saeidi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Rashin Giti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rostami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farhad Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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4
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Thim EA, Fox T, Deering T, Vass LR, Sheybani ND, Kester M, Price RJ. Solid Tumor Treatment via Augmentation of Bioactive C6 Ceramide Levels with Thermally Ablative Focused Ultrasound. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.532394. [PMID: 36993445 PMCID: PMC10055354 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.532394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Sparse scan partial thermal ablation (TA) with focused ultrasound (FUS) may be deployed to treat solid tumors and increase delivery of systemically administered therapeutics. Further, C6-ceramide-loaded nanoliposomes (CNLs), which rely upon the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect for delivery, have shown promise for treating solid tumors and are being tested in clinical trials. Here, our objective was to determine whether CNLs synergize with TA in the control of 4T1 breast tumors. CNL-monotherapy of 4T1 tumors yielded significant intratumoral bioactive C6 accumulation by the EPR effect, but tumor growth was not controlled. TA increased bioactive C6 accumulation by ∼12.5-fold over the EPR effect. In addition, TA+CNL caused shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios (i.e., C16/24 and C18/C24) that could potentially contribute to tumor control. Nonetheless, these changes in intratumoral ceramide levels were still insufficient to confer tumor growth control beyond that achieved when combining with TA with control "ghost" nanoliposomes (GNL). While this lack of synergy could be due to increased "pro-tumor" sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels, this is unlikely because S1P levels exhibited only a moderate and statistically insignificant increase with TA+CNL. In vitro studies showed that 4T1 cells are highly resistant to C6, offering the most likely explanation for the inability of TA to synergize with CNL. Thus, while our results show that sparse scan TA is a powerful approach for markedly enhancing CNL delivery and generating "anti-tumor" shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios, resistance of the tumor to C6 can still be a rate-limiting factor for some solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Andrew Thim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Todd Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Tye Deering
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Luke R. Vass
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Natasha D. Sheybani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Richard J. Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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5
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OUP accepted manuscript. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1027-1039. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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6
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Khabazian E, Vakhshiteh F, Norouzi P, Fatahi Y, Dinarvand R, Atyabi F. Cationic Liposome Decorated with Cyclic RGD Peptide for Targeted Delivery of anti-STAT3 siRNA to Melanoma Cancer Cells. J Drug Target 2021; 30:522-533. [PMID: 34482780 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1973481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is regarded as a valuable strategy for efficient cancer treatment. However, the design of effective delivery systems that can deliver gene materials such as siRNA specifically to the tumour tissues plays a pivotal role in cancer therapy. For this reason, a targeted cationic liposome for melanoma treatment was developed. This system consists of cyclic RGD peptide conjugated to DSPE-PEG2000, cholesterol, DOTAP, and DSPC as cationic and neutral lipids, respectively. Cyclic RGD was selected based on speculation that cyclic RGD would effectively transport anti-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) siRNA into melanoma cell via integrin receptors. The prepared liposomes provided excellent stability against electrolyte and serum nucleases. Targeted liposomes remarkably exhibited higher cellular internalisation in comparison with the non-targeted system in flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, incorporating peptide on the surface of liposomes resulted in considerably high cytotoxicity, a 2.1-times raise in apoptosis induction, and a significantly enhanced STAT3 gene suppression as compared with the corresponding non-targeted formulation on B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Whole-body imaging confirmed the more significant tumour accumulation of targeted liposomes in B16F10 melanoma xenograft tumour-bearing mice. Consequently, c-RGD peptide modified liposome suggests a promising option for specific siRNA delivery into melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Khabazian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Vakhshiteh
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Norouzi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Ezzeldeen Y, Swidan S, ElMeshad A, Sebak A. Green Synthesized Honokiol Transfersomes Relieve the Immunosuppressive and Stem-Like Cell Characteristics of the Aggressive B16F10 Melanoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5693-5712. [PMID: 34465990 PMCID: PMC8402984 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s314472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honokiol (HK) is a natural bioactive compound with proven antineoplastic properties against melanoma. However, it shows very low bioavailability when administered orally. Alternatively, topical administration may offer a promising route. The objective of the current study was to fabricate HK transfersomes (HKTs) for topical treatment of melanoma. As an ultradeformable carrier system, transfersomes can overcome the physiological barriers to topical treatment of melanoma: the stratum corneum and the anomalous tumor microenvironment. Moreover, the immunomodulatory and stemness-regulation roles of HKTs were the main interest of this study. METHODS TFs were prepared using the modified scalable heating method. A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design was utilized for the optimization of the process and formulation variables. Intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity of HKTs were evaluated in nonactivated and stromal cell-activated B16F10 melanoma cells to investigate the influence of the complex tumor microenvironment on the efficacy of HK. Finally, ELISA and Western blot were performed to evaluate the expression levels of TGF-β and clusters of differentiation (CD47 and CD133, respectively). RESULTS The optimized formula exhibited a mean size of 190 nm, highly negative surface charge, high entrapment efficiency, and sustained release profile. HKTs showed potential to alleviate the immunosuppressive characteristics of B16F10 melanoma in vitro via downregulation of TGF-β signaling. In addition, HKTs reduced expression of the "do not eat me" signal - CD47. Moreover, HKTs possessed additional interesting potential to reduce the expression of the stem-like cell marker CD133. These outcomes were boosted upon combination with metformin, an antihyperglycemic drug recently reported to possess different functions in cancer, while combination with collagenase, an extracellular matrix-depleting enzyme, produced detrimental effects. CONCLUSION HKTs represent a promising scalable formulation for treatment of the aggressive B16F10 melanoma, which is jam-packed with immunosuppressive and stem-like cell markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Ezzeldeen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Shady Swidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Aliaa ElMeshad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Department of Bio Nano, Faculty of Nanotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, El-Sheikh Zayed, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Aya Sebak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Musa A, Elmaidomy AH, Sayed AM, Alzarea SI, Al-Sanea MM, Mostafa EM, Hendawy OM, Abdelgawad MA, Youssif KA, Refaat H, Alaaeldin E, Abdelmohsen UR. Cytotoxic Potential, Metabolic Profiling, and Liposomes of Coscinoderma sp. Crude Extract Supported by in silico Analysis. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3861-3874. [PMID: 34113103 PMCID: PMC8187037 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s310720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sponge-Coscinoderma sp. (Family: Spongiidae) is a coastal sponge that possesses a broad variety of natural-products. However, the exact chemical constituents and cytotoxic activity of the extract are still undefinable. Methodology In the present study, the metabolomic profiling of Coscinoderma sp. dereplicated 20 compounds, utilizing liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRESIMS). Coscinoderma-derived crude extract, before and after encapsulation within nanosized liposomes, was in vitro screened against hepatic, breast, and colorectal carcinoma human cell lines (HepG2, MCF-7, and Caco-2, respectively). Results The identified metabolites were fit to diverse chemical classes, covering diterpenes, an indole alkaloid, sesterterpenoid, sterol, and methylherbipoline salt. Comprehensive in silico experiments predicted several compounds in the sponge-derived extract (eg, compounds 1-15) to have an anticancer potential via targeting multiple targets. The crude extract showed moderate antiproliferative activities towards studied cell lines with IC50 values range from 10.7 to 12.4 µg/mL. The formulated extract-containing liposomes (size 141±12.3nm, PDI 0.222, zeta potential 20.8 ± 2.3), significantly enhanced the in vitro anticancer activity of the entrapped extract (IC50 values ranged from 1.7 to 4.1 µg/mL). Discussion Encapsulation of both the hydrophilic and the lipophilic components of the extract within the lipid-based nanovesicles enhanced the cellular uptake and accessibility of the entrapped cargo. This study introduces liposomal nano-vesicles as a promising approach to improve the therapeutic potential of sponge-derived extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Sanea
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - Omina Magdy Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khayrya A Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham Refaat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Eman Alaaeldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia, 61111, Egypt
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9
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Klimovich MA, Sazhina NN, Radchenko AS, Gerasimov NY, Egorov AE, Nevrova OV, Shibaeva AV, Shkirdova AO, Markova AA, Belyaev ES, Zamilatskov IA, Spiridonov VV, Kuzmin VA, Shevelev AB. Physicochemical Characteristics and Anticancer Properties of the Liposomal Form of Pyropheophorbide-a Methyl Ester. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793121010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Sonju JJ, Dahal A, Singh SS, Jois SD. Peptide-functionalized liposomes as therapeutic and diagnostic tools for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2021; 329:624-644. [PMID: 33010333 PMCID: PMC8082750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Clinically efficacious medication in anticancer therapy has been successfully designed with liposome-based nanomedicine. The liposomal formulation in cancer drug delivery can be facilitated with a functionalized peptide that mediates the specific drug delivery opportunities with increased drug penetrability, specific accumulation in the targeted site, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. This review aims to focus on recent advances in peptide-functionalized liposomal formulation techniques in cancer diagnosis and treatment regarding recently published literature. It also will highlight different aspects of novel liposomal formulation techniques that incorporate surface functionalization with peptides for better anticancer effect and current challenges in peptide-functionalized liposomal drug formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafrin Jobayer Sonju
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Achyut Dahal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Sitanshu S Singh
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Seetharama D Jois
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
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11
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Jain R, Sarode I, Singhvi G, Dubey SK. Nanocarrier Based Topical Drug Delivery- A Promising Strategy for Treatment of Skin Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4615-4623. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200826140448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Skin cancers are one of the most widespread and complex forms of the disease, resulting in very high
mortality rates across the world. The current treatments available for skin cancer include chemotherapy, surgery,
radiotherapy, etc. The selected treatment options for skin cancer are usually decided based on the condition of a
patient and the type of skin cancer. The effectiveness of skin cancer therapy is still limited because of poor penetrability
of the drug into stratum corneum or lesions, low efficacy, required higher concentration of the active
pharmaceutical ingredients to reach a therapeutic effect. Besides, low bioavailability at the site of action, the
requirement of high dose, causes skin irritation, which significantly hinders the drug absorption through the stratum
corneum. Thus, nanocarriers have been used to bypass the problems associated with conventional anti-cancer
drug delivery systems. In the current scenario, nanotechnology-based therapy has shown great potential in the
management of skin cancer, and these can be used for a more efficient drug delivery system to treat cancers. In
this review article, the information on different nanocarrier systems for skin cancer has been elucidated. Moreover,
the various nanoparticulate strategies and their effectiveness to treat skin cancer have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ila Sarode
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
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12
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Akhter MH, Ahsan MJ, Rahman M, Anwar S, Rizwanullah M. Advancement in Nanotheranostics for Effective Skin Cancer Therapy: State of the Art. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2468187308666181116130949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
:
The skin cancer has become a leading concern worldwide as a result of high
mortality rate. The treatment modality involves radiation therapy, chemotherapy or surgery.
More often combination therapy of chemotherapeutic agents gives better solution
over single chemotherapeutic agent. The Globocon report suggested that high incidence
and mortality rate in skin cancer is growing day-to-day. This type of cancer is more prevalent
in that area where a person is highly exposed to sunlight. The nanotechnology-based
therapy is nowadays drawing attention and becoming a more important issue to be discussed.
The nanotherapy of skin cancer is dealt with various approaches and strategies.
The strategic based approaches imply nanoparticles targeting carcinoma cells, functionalized
nanoparticles for specific targeting to cancer cells, receptor-mediated active targeting
as nanoshells, nanostrutured lipid carriers, liposome, ethosome, bilosome, polymeric nanoparticle,
nanosphere, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, solid lipid nanoparticles
and fullerenes which are highly efficient in specific killing of cancer cells. The passive
targeting of chemotherapeutic agents is also helpful in dealing with carcinoma due to
enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR).
:
The article outlines nano-based therapy currently focused globally, and the outcomes of
the therapy as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahfoozur Rahman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences (SIHAS) Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences Allahabad, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Siraj Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER) Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Md. Rizwanullah
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER) Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
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13
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Sabra S, Ragab DM, Agwa MM, Rohani S. Recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for some biomedical applications. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 144:105224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Gowda R, Robertson BM, Iyer S, Barry J, Dinavahi SS, Robertson GP. The role of exosomes in metastasis and progression of melanoma. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 85:101975. [PMID: 32050108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.101975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of melanoma metastasis have been the subject of extensive research for decades. Improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are of increasing importance for the treatment of melanoma due to its high burden of mortality in the advanced stages of the disease. Intercellular communication is a critical event for the progression of cancer. Collective evidence suggests that exosomes, small extracellular membrane vesicles released by the cells, are important facilitators of intercellular communication between the cells and the surrounding environment. Although the emerging field of exosomes is rapidly gaining traction in the scientific community, there is limited knowledge regarding the role of exosomes in melanoma. This review discusses the multifaceted role of melanoma-derived exosomes in promoting the process of metastasis by modulating the invasive and angiogenic capacity of malignant cells. The future implications of exosome research and the therapeutic potential of exosomes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Gowda
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Bailey M Robertson
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Soumya Iyer
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - John Barry
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Saketh S Dinavahi
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Departments of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Departments of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Departments of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
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Fandzloch M, Jaromin A, Zaremba-Czogalla M, Wojtczak A, Lewińska A, Sitkowski J, Wiśniewska J, Łakomska I, Gubernator J. Nanoencapsulation of a ruthenium(ii) complex with triazolopyrimidine in liposomes as a tool for improving its anticancer activity against melanoma cell lines. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1207-1219. [PMID: 31903475 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03464a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Two types of ruthenium(ii) complexes containing 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines of the general formulas [RuCl2(dmso)3(L)] ((1)-(3)) and [RuCl2(dmso)2(L)2] ((4)-(6)), where L represents 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (tp for (1)), 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (dmtp for (2)), 7-isobutyl-5-methyl-1,2,4-trizolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (ibmtp for (3)), 5,7-diethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (detp for (4)), 5,7-ditertbutyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (dbtp for (5)) and 5,7-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (dptp for (6)), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques (1H, 13C, and 15N), and X-ray (for (3), (4), and (5)). All these complexes have been thoroughly screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity against melanoma cell lines A375 and Hs294T, indicating cis,cis,cis-[RuCl2(dbtp)2(dmso)2] (5) as the most active representative, in addition to being non-toxic to normal human fibroblasts (NHDF) and not inducing hemolysis of human erythrocytes. In order to develop an intravenous formulation for (5), liposomes composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), cholesterol (Chol) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG2000) were prepared and subsequently characterized. (5)-Loaded liposomes, with spherical morphology, assessed by transmission electron microscope (TEM), exhibited satisfactory encapsulation efficiency and stability. In in vitro experiments, PEG-modified (5)-loaded liposomes were more effective (10-fold) than free (5) for growth inhibition of both human melanoma cell lines. Furthermore, such an approach resulted in the reduction of cancer cell viability that was even 10-fold greater than that observed for free cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Fandzloch
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland and Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, PAS, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Jaromin
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zaremba-Czogalla
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Wojtczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lewińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sitkowski
- National Institutes of Medicines, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Joanna Wiśniewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Iwona Łakomska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Jerzy Gubernator
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Ravikumar P, Tatke P. Advances in encapsulated dermal formulations in chemoprevention of melanoma: An overview. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:1606-1612. [PMID: 31436386 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The three forms of skin cancer are cutaneous malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Melanoma skin cancer is an aggressive type and one of the most chemotherapy-resistant malignancies. Conventional topical products are beset with limitations, leading to lower efficacy. There is a growing need to develop topical formulations encapsulated in polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, and liposomes exhibiting enhanced skin penetration and longer skin retention leading to better efficacy. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is the screening of reported novel drug encapsulated delivery systems effective topically in melanoma chemoprevention. AIM The scope of this work is to provide an overview pertaining to the development and evaluation of three exemplary drug delivery systems (DDS), namely vesicular, particulate, and specialized emulsions. METHODS Topical drug delivery approaches targeting skin cancer have been reviewed and discussed. The focal point of the article is presentation of insights from published studies. RESULTS This review focuses on the novel delivery systems in chemoprevention of melanoma with discussion highlighting on advances in topical delivery. CONCLUSION Literature indicates that drug-loaded encapsulated topical formulations when compared with conventional dosage forms for skin cancer treatment exhibit greater efficacy and provide benefits like extended drug release, protection of the active ingredient against degradation, and lower skin irritation. Incorporation of phytoconstituents in newer delivery systems will be the way forward for improved topical chemoprevention strategy in melanoma. This has raised hope in making dermal therapy more useful and acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Ravikumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Mumbai, India
| | - Pratima Tatke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Mumbai, India
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Ravikumar P, Katariya M, Patil S, Tatke P, Pillai R. Skin delivery of resveratrol encapsulated lipidic formulation for melanoma chemoprevention. J Microencapsul 2019; 36:535-551. [PMID: 31353993 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1649481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: An unmet need for patient friendly products can be achieved with novel, biocompatible lipidic formulations which encapsulate and prolong release of medicaments. The aim of this study was to develop a commercially scalable resveratrol-loaded solid-lipid microparticulate (SLM) topical gel for melanoma chemoprevention. Methods: Preformulation studies were conducted and drug-excipient interactions examined using infra-red spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Resveratrol-loaded SLM topical gel was prepared and evaluated by in vitro and in vivo parameters. Results: Spherical microparticles of 2.98 μm average size were obtained and DSC thermograms provide evidence of trans-resveratrol encapsulation. In vitro and ex vivo drug diffusion studies revealed sustained release profiles. Optimised SLM gel provides optimum antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibition, cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma cell line and apoptosis efficacy. In vivo studies on C57BL mice exhibit significant tumour reduction. Conclusion: Promising role of trans-resveratrol-loaded SLM topical gel in melanoma chemoprevention is proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Ravikumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy , Mumbai , India
| | | | - Sushil Patil
- Abbott Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., MIDC , Mumbai , India
| | - Pratima Tatke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C.U Shah College of Pharmacy , Mumbai , India
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Gowda R, Dinavahi SS, Iyer S, Banerjee S, Neves RI, Pameijer CR, Robertson. GP. Nanoliposomal delivery of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 inhibitor arachidonyl trimethyl ketone for melanoma treatment. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:863-873. [PMID: 29317343 PMCID: PMC5899023 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance and toxicity are major limitations of cancer treatment and frequently occurs during melanoma therapy. Nanotechnology can decrease drug resistance by improving drug delivery, with limited toxicity. This study details the development of nanoparticles containing arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone (ATK), a cytosolic phospholipase A2 inhibitor, which can inhibit multiple key pathways responsible for the development of recurrent resistant disease. Free ATK is toxic, limiting its efficacy as a therapeutic agent. Hence, a novel nanoliposomal delivery system called NanoATK was developed, which loads 61.7% of the compound and was stable at 4oC for 12 weeks. The formulation decreased toxicity-enabling administration of higher doses, which was more effective at inhibiting melanoma cell growth compared to free-ATK. Mechanistically, NanoATK decreased cellular proliferation and triggered apoptosis to inhibit melanoma xenograft tumor growth without affecting animal weight. Functionally, it inhibited the cPLA2, AKT, and STAT3 pathways. Our results suggest the successful preclinical development of a unique nanoliposomal formulation containing ATK for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,The Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Saketh S. Dinavahi
- Department of Pharmacology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Soumya Iyer
- Department of Pharmacology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Shubhadeep Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Rogerio I. Neves
- Department of Pharmacology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Department of Dermatology and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Department of Surgery The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,The Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Colette R. Pameijer
- Department of Surgery The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,The Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Gavin P. Robertson.
- Department of Pharmacology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Department of Pathology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Department of Dermatology and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Department of Surgery The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,The Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033,Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
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Pro-apoptotic activity of nano-escheriosome based oleic acid conjugate against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced cutaneous carcinogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:295-302. [PMID: 28364601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM 2,6-Diisopropylphenol-oleic acid (2,6P-OLA) is an ester conjugate of oleic acid that has displayed a strong anticancer activity on different types of cancer cell lines (Khan et al., 2012). The present study is focused on the development of a nano-liposome-based approach for the delivery of 2,6P-OLA on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced cutaneous papilloma in experimental mice. For effective and specific delivery of the conjugate to the tumor site, it was incorporated into escheriosome (EC); an Escherichia coli lipid nanoparticle. MATERIALS AND METHODS I determined the size, zeta-potential, entrapment and release efficacy of 2,6P-OLA-EC nano-formulation. The consequence of 2,6P-OLA-EC treatment was initially analyzed by regression in tumor volume, inhibition of cutaneous papilloma and survival of treated mice. Its anticancer activity was further examined by histopathology, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and electroblot-immuno assay of apoptotic factors. RESULTS Distinct disperse circular shaped EC nanoparticles showed slow and sustained release of therapeutic concentration of 2,6P-OLA in the surrounding milieu. 2,6P-OLA-EC significantly reduced tumor volume and inhibited onset of new papilloma. Treatment with nano-formulation revealed induced caspase-9 activity and noteworthy apoptotic response as visualized by fluorescence microscopy and TUNEL assay. Electroblot-immuno analysis revealed significant modulation of p53wt and p53mut expression levels. CONCLUSION The results suggest the therapeutic potential of 2,6P-OLA entrapped in nano-escheriosomes against cutaneous papilloma and can become a promising system against various forms of cancer as well.
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Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer and has very high rates of mortality. An early stage melanoma can be surgically removed, with a survival rate of 99%. This literature review intends to elucidate the possibilities to treat melanoma skin cancer using hybrid nanofibers developed by advanced electrospinning process. In this review we have shown that the enhanced permeability and retention is the basis for using nanotechnology, aiming topical drug delivery. The importance of the detection of skin cancer in the early stages is directly related to non-metastatic effects and survival rates of melanoma cells. Inhibitors of protein kinase are already available in the market for melanoma treatment and are approved by the FDA; these agents are cobimetinib, dabrafenib, ipilimumab, nivolumab, trametinib, and vemurafenib. We also report a case study involving two different approaches for targeting melanoma skin cancer therapy, namely, magnetic-based core–shell particles and electrospun mats.
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Gomaa I, Sebak A, Afifi N, Abdel-Kader M. Liposomal delivery of ferrous chlorophyllin: A novel third generation photosensitizer for in vitro PDT of melanoma. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 18:162-170. [PMID: 28242435 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous melanoma (CM) has substantially increased among Caucasian populations in the past few decades. This increased the number of CM deaths throughout the world. Pigmentation of melanoma reduces the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Third generation photosensitizers (PSs) are characterized by improved targeting to the diseased tissue and reduced systemic side effects. This study is directed towards synthesis and characterization of liposomes encapsulating sodium ferrous chlorophyllin (Fe-CHL) and assessing its efficacy as a PS in PDT of melanoma. METHODS Phenylthiourea (PTU) was used as a melanin synthesis inhibitor. PDT has been applied on de-pigmented melanoma cells using liposomes-encapsulated Fe-CHL. Cell death mechanisms after PDT were evaluated. RESULTS Treatment of melanoma cells with 200μM of PTU for 48h provided 49.9% melanin inhibition without significant cytotoxicity. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) results proved an increase in the cellular uptake of liposomes by increasing incubation period from 6 to 24h via endocytosis with preferential accumulation in the mitochondria and the nucleus. Following de-pigmentation, PDT was applied resulting in LC50 of 18.20 and 1.77μM after 24 and 48h incubation with liposomes-encapsulated Fe-CHL respectively and exposure to 56.2J/cm2 monochromatic red laser of wavelength of 652nm. Mechanism of cell death of Fe-CHL mediated PDT was found to be a combination of both apoptosis and necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Liposomes could be efficiently employed as a potential sustained release delivery system in the Fe-CHL-mediated PDT of de-pigmented melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Gomaa
- Biotechnology Sector, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Main Entrance of Al-Tagamoa Al-Khames, New Cairo City, Egypt.
| | - Aya Sebak
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Main Entrance of Al-Tagamoa Al-Khames, New Cairo City, Egypt
| | - Nagia Afifi
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Main Entrance of Al-Tagamoa Al-Khames, New Cairo City, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University (CU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdel-Kader
- Biotechnology Sector, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Main Entrance of Al-Tagamoa Al-Khames, New Cairo City, Egypt; National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University (CU), Giza, Egypt
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Devnarain N, Ramharack P, Soliman ME. Brain grants permission of access to Zika virus but denies entry to drugs: a molecular modeling perspective to infiltrate the boundary. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05918c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thein silicodesign of targeted Zika virus inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Devnarain
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory
- School of Health Sciences
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Durban 4001
- South Africa
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory
- School of Health Sciences
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Durban 4001
- South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E. Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory
- School of Health Sciences
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Durban 4001
- South Africa
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Akhtar N, Khan RA. Liposomal systems as viable drug delivery technology for skin cancer sites with an outlook on lipid-based delivery vehicles and diagnostic imaging inputs for skin conditions'. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 64:192-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Novel targets for paclitaxel nano formulations: Hopes and hypes in triple negative breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:577-591. [PMID: 27461138 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is defined as one of the utmost prevailing breast cancers worldwide, possessing an inadequate prognosis and treatment option limited to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, creating a challenge for researchers as far as developing a specific targeted therapy is concerned. The past research era has shown several promising outcomes for TNBC such as nano-formulations of the chemotherapeutic agents already used for the management of the malignant tumor. Taking a glance at paclitaxel nano formulations, it has been proven beneficial in several researches in the past decade; nevertheless its solubility is often a challenge to scientists in achieving success. We have henceforth discussed the basic heterogeneity of triple negative breast cancer along with the current management options as well as a brief outlook on pros and cons of paclitaxel, known as the most widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of the disease. We further analyzed the need of nanotechnology pertaining to the problems encountered with the current paclitaxel formulations available discussing the strategic progress in various nano-formulations till date taking into account the basic research strategies required in terms of solubility, permeability, physicochemical properties, active and passive targeting. A thorough review in recent advances in active targeting for TNBC was carried out whereby the various ligands which are at present finding its way into TNBC research such as hyaluronic acid, folic acid, transferrin, etc. were discussed. These ligands have specific receptor affinity to TNBC tumor cells hence can be beneficial for novel drug targeting approaches. Conversely, there are currently several novel strategies in the research pipeline whose targeting ligands have not yet been studied. Therefore, we reviewed upon the numerous novel receptor targets along with the respective nano-formulation aspects which have not yet been fully researched upon and could be exemplified as outstanding target strategies for TNBC which is currently an urgent requirement.
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Dwivedi A, Mazumder A, Fox LT, Brümmer A, Gerber M, du Preez JL, Haynes RK, du Plessis J. In vitro skin permeation of artemisone and its nano-vesicular formulations. Int J Pharm 2016; 503:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Przybylo M, Glogocka D, Dobrucki JW, Fraczkowska K, Podbielska H, Kopaczynska M, Borowik T, Langner M. The cellular internalization of liposome encapsulated protoporphyrin IX by HeLa cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 85:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Brys AK, Gowda R, Loriaux DB, Robertson GP, Mosca PJ. Nanotechnology-based strategies for combating toxicity and resistance in melanoma therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:565-577. [PMID: 26826558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug toxicity and resistance remain formidable challenges in cancer treatment and represent an area of increasing attention in the case of melanoma. Nanotechnology represents a paradigm-shifting field with the potential to mitigate drug resistance while improving drug delivery and minimizing toxicity. Recent clinical and pre-clinical studies have demonstrated how a diverse array of nanoparticles may be harnessed to circumvent known mechanisms of drug resistance in melanoma to improve therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms of resistance to various melanoma therapies and possible nanotechnology-based strategies that could be used to overcome these barriers and improve the pharmacologic arsenal available to combat advanced stage melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Brys
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Raghavendra Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Daniel B Loriaux
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Paul J Mosca
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
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Ahmad J, Akhter S, Greig NH, Kamal MA, Midoux P, Pichon C. Engineered Nanoparticles Against MDR in Cancer: The State of the Art and its Prospective. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 22:4360-4373. [PMID: 27319945 PMCID: PMC5182049 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160617112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease at intra/inter patient levels and known as the leading cause of death worldwide. A variety of mono and combinational therapies including chemotherapy have been evolved over the years for its effective treatment. However, advent of chemotherapeutic resistance or multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer is a major challenge researchers are facing in cancer chemotherapy. MDR is a complex process having multifaceted non-cellular or cellular-based mechanisms. Research in the area of cancer nanotechnology over the past two decade has now proven that the smartly designed nanoparticles help in successful chemotherapy by overcoming the MDR and preferentially accumulate in the tumor region by means of active and passive targeting therefore reducing the offtarget accumulation of payload. Many of such nanoparticles are in different stages of clinical trials as nanomedicines showing promising result in cancer therapy including the resistant cases. Nanoparticles as chemotherapeutics carriers offer the opportunity to have multiple payload of drug and or imaging agents for combinational and theranostics therapy. Moreover, nanotechnology further bring in notice the new treatment strategies such as combining the NIR, MRI and HIFU in cancer chemotherapy and imaging. Here, we discussed the cellular/non-cellular factors constituting the MDR in cancer and the role of nanomedicines in effective chemotherapy of MDR cases of cancers. Moreover, recent advancements like combinational payload delivery and combined physical approach with nanotechnology in cancer therapy have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, UP-229010, India
| | - Sohail Akhter
- LE STUDIUM Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre-Val de Loire region, France
- Nucleic acids transfer by non-viral methods, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Orléans, France
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National, Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Metabolomics & Enzymology Unit, Fundamental and Applied Biology Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Patrick Midoux
- Nucleic acids transfer by non-viral methods, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Orléans, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Nucleic acids transfer by non-viral methods, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Orléans, France
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Ikoba U, Peng H, Li H, Miller C, Yu C, Wang Q. Nanocarriers in therapy of infectious and inflammatory diseases. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:4291-305. [PMID: 25680099 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07682f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a growing science that has applications in various areas of medicine. The composition of nanocarriers for drug delivery is critical to guarantee high therapeutic performance when targeting specific host sites. Applications of nanotechnology are prevalent in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes recent advancements in the application of nanotechnology to the therapy of infectious and inflammatory diseases. The major focus is on the design and fabrication of various nanomaterials, characteristics and physicochemical properties of drug-loaded nanocarriers, and the use of these nanoscale drug delivery systems in treating infectious and inflammatory diseases, such as AIDS, hepatitis, tuberculosis, melanoma, and representative inflammatory diseases. Clinical trials and future perspective of the use of nanocarriers are also discussed in detail. We hope that such a review will be valuable to researchers who are exploring nanoscale drug delivery systems for the treatment of specific infectious and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuoma Ikoba
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Folated synperonic-cholesteryl hemisuccinate polymeric micelles for the targeted delivery of docetaxel in melanoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:746093. [PMID: 25839040 PMCID: PMC4370104 DOI: 10.1155/2015/746093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was the synthesis of folic acid- (FA-) targeted polymeric micelles of Synperonic PE/F 127-cholesteryl hemisuccinate (PF127-Chol) for specific delivery of docetaxel (DTX). Targeted or nontargeted micelles loaded with DTX were prepared via dialysis method. The effects of processing variables on the physicochemical properties of targeted micelles were evaluated using a full factorial design. After the optimization of the polymer/drug ratio, the organic solvent type used for the preparation of the micelles, and the temperature of dialyzing medium, the in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of the optimized micelles were studied on B16F10 melanoma cells by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. The anticancer efficacy of DTX-loaded FA-PF127-Chol was evaluated in mice bearing melanoma tumor. Optimized targeted micelles had the particle size of 171.3 nm, zeta potential of −7.8 mV, PDI of 0.325, and a high encapsulation efficiency that released the drug within 144 h. The MTT assay indicated that targeted micelles carrying DTX were significantly more cytotoxic, had higher cellular uptake, and reduced the tumor volume significantly more than the nontargeted micelles and the free drug. FA-PF127-Chol could be, therefore, a promising biomaterial for tumors overexpressing folate receptors.
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Skin cancer and new treatment perspectives: A review. Cancer Lett 2015; 357:8-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mandlmeier B, Niedermayer S, Schmidt A, Schuster J, Bein T. Lipid-bilayer coated nanosized bimodal mesoporous carbon spheres for controlled release applications. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:9323-9329. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01635e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the facile synthesis of mesoporous nanosized carbon spheres (MCS) featuring a very high porosity. The MCS are subsequently sealed with an active and biocompatible lipid bilayer making the SLB@MCS suitable for release-on-demand applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Mandlmeier
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Stefan Niedermayer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Alexandra Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Jörg Schuster
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
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Development of dual-activity vectors by co-envelopment of adenovirus and SiRNA in artificial lipid bilayers. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114985. [PMID: 25501573 PMCID: PMC4264847 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy with human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) has been extensively explored for the treatment of diseases resistant to traditional therapies. Intravenous administration leads to rapid clearance from blood circulation and high liver accumulation, which restrict the use of Ad-based vectors in clinical gene therapy protocols that involve systemic administration. We have previously proposed that such limitations can be improved by engineering artificial lipid envelopes around Ad and designed a variety of artificial lipid bilayer envelopes around the viral capsid. In this study, we sought to explore further opportunities that the artificially enveloped virus constructs could offer, by designing a previously unreported gene therapy vector by simultaneous envelopment of Ad and siRNA within the same lipid bilayer. Such a dual-activity vector can offer efficacious therapy for different genetic disorders where both turning on and switching off genes would be needed. Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize these vectors. Agarose gel electrophoresis, Ribo green and dot blot assays showed that siRNA and Ad virions can be enveloped together within lipid bilayers at high envelopment efficiency. Cellular uptake and in vitro transfection experiments were carried out to show the feasibility of combining siRNA-mediated gene silencing with viral gene transfer using these newly designed dual-activity vectors.
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Antonio JR, Antônio CR, Cardeal ILS, Ballavenuto JMA, Oliveira JR. Nanotechnology in dermatology. An Bras Dermatol 2014; 89:126-36. [PMID: 24626657 PMCID: PMC3938363 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The scientific community and general public have been exposed to a series of achievements attributed to a new area of knowledge: Nanotechnology. Both abroad and in Brazil, funding agencies have launched programs aimed at encouraging this type of research. Indeed, for many who come into contact with this subject it will be clear the key role that chemical knowledge will play in the evolution of this subject. And even more, will see that it is a science in which the basic structure is formed by distilling different areas of inter-and multidisciplinary knowledge along the lines of new paradigms. In this article, we attempt to clarify the foundations of nanotechnology, and demonstrate their contribution to new advances in dermatology as well as medicine in general. Nanotechnology is clearly the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Roberto Antonio
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, Dermatology Service, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Emeritus Professor, State School of Medicine, São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) - Head of Dermatology and the Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Antônio
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, Dermatology Service, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Doctor Dermatologist - Professor responsible for Dermatological and Laser Surgery, Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Izabela Lídia Soares Cardeal
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Doctor, State School of Medicine, São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP). Resident of the Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Avelino Ballavenuto
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Medical Academic, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - João Rodrigo Oliveira
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Medical Academic, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
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Gowda R, Madhunapantula SV, Sharma A, Kuzu OF, Robertson GP. Nanolipolee-007, a novel nanoparticle-based drug containing leelamine for the treatment of melanoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2328-40. [PMID: 25082958 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a difficult cancer to treat due to the rapid development of resistance to drugs targeting single proteins. One response to this observation is to identify single pharmacologic agents that, due to a unique mechanism of action, simultaneously target multiple key pathways involved in melanoma development. Leelamine has been identified as functioning in this manner but has poor bioavailability in animals and causes lethality when administered intravenously. Therefore, a nanoliposomal-based delivery system has been developed, called Nanolipolee-007, which stably loads 60% of the compound. The nanoparticle was as effective at killing melanoma cells as leelamine dissolved in DMSO and was more effective at killing cultured melanoma compared with normal cells. Mechanistically, Nanolipolee-007 inhibited PI3K/Akt, STAT3, and MAPK signaling mediated through inhibition of cholesterol transport. Nanolipolee-007 inhibited the growth of preexisting xenografted melanoma tumors by an average of 64% by decreasing cellular proliferation, reducing tumor vascularization, and increasing cellular apoptosis, with negligible toxicity. Thus, a unique clinically viable nanoparticle-based drug has been developed containing leelamine for the treatment of melanoma that acts by inhibiting the activity of major signaling pathways regulating the development of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. The Penn State Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - SubbaRao V Madhunapantula
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Arati Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. The Penn State Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Omer F Kuzu
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. The Penn State Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. The Penn State Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Department of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
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Drug delivery nanoparticles in skin cancers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:895986. [PMID: 25101298 PMCID: PMC4102061 DOI: 10.1155/2014/895986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology involves the engineering of functional systems at nanoscale, thus being attractive for disciplines ranging from materials science to biomedicine. One of the most active research areas of the nanotechnology is nanomedicine, which applies nanotechnology to highly specific medical interventions for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, including cancer disease. Over the past two decades, the rapid developments in nanotechnology have allowed the incorporation of multiple therapeutic, sensing, and targeting agents into nanoparticles, for detection, prevention, and treatment of cancer diseases. Nanoparticles offer many advantages as drug carrier systems since they can improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, modify pharmacokinetics, increase drug half-life by reducing immunogenicity, improve bioavailability, and diminish drug metabolism. They can also enable a tunable release of therapeutic compounds and the simultaneous delivery of two or more drugs for combination therapy. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the use of different types of nanoparticles for systemic and topical drug delivery in the treatment of skin cancer. In particular, the progress in the treatment with nanocarriers of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma has been reported.
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Lin CH, Al-Suwayeh SA, Hung CF, Chen CC, Fang JY. Camptothecin-Loaded Liposomes with α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Enhance Cytotoxicity Toward and Cellular Uptake by Melanomas: An Application of Nanomedicine on Natural Product. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:102-9. [PMID: 24716164 PMCID: PMC3924967 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we attempted to develop functional liposomes loaded with camptothecin and attached to α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) to target melanoma cells. The liposomes were mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and stearylamine, and were characterized by the vesicle size, zeta potential, camptothecin encapsulation efficiency, and release behavior. Results revealed that α-MSH liposomes possessed an average size of approximately 250 nm with a surface charge of 60 mV. Camptothecin was successfully entrapped by the targeted liposomes with an encapsulation percentage of nearly 95%. The liposomes provided sustained and controlled camptothecin release. Non-targeted liposomes with the drug exerted superior cytotoxicity against melanomas compared to the free control. Cell viability was reduced from 48% to 32% compared to conventional liposomes. Peptide ligand conjugation further promoted cytotoxicity to 18% viability, which was a 2.7-fold decrease versus the free control. According to the images of fluorescence microscopy, α-MSH liposomes exhibited greater cell endocytosis than did non-targeted liposomes and the free control. α-MSH liposomes were predominantly internalized in the cytoplasm. These findings demonstrate that α-MSH liposomes could enhance the anti-melanoma activity of camptothecin owing to their targeting ability and controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lin
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Saleh A Al-Suwayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chih-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chen J, Shao R, Zhang XD, Chen C. Applications of nanotechnology for melanoma treatment, diagnosis, and theranostics. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:2677-88. [PMID: 23926430 PMCID: PMC3728269 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s45429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer and has very high rates of mortality. An early stage melanoma can be surgically removed, with a survival rate of 99%. However, metastasized melanoma is difficult to cure. The 5-year survival rates for patients with metastasized melanoma are still below 20%. Metastasized melanoma is currently treated by chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy. The outcome of most of the current therapies is far from optimistic. Although melanoma patients with a mutation in the oncogene v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) have an initially higher positive response rate to targeted therapy, the majority develop acquired drug resistance after 6 months of the therapy. To increase treatment efficacy, early diagnosis, more potent pharmacological agents, and more effective delivery systems are urgently needed. Nanotechnology has been extensively studied for melanoma treatment and diagnosis, to decrease drug resistance, increase therapeutic efficacy, and reduce side effects. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the development of various nanoparticles for melanoma treatment and diagnosis. Several common nanoparticles, including liposome, polymersomes, dendrimers, carbon-based nanoparticles, and human albumin, have been used to deliver chemotherapeutic agents, and small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs) against signaling molecules have also been tested for the treatment of melanoma. Indeed, several nanoparticle-delivered drugs have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and are currently in clinical trials. The application of nanoparticles could produce side effects, which will need to be reduced so that nanoparticle-delivered drugs can be safely applied in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiezhong Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Injectable nanomaterials for drug delivery: Carriers, targeting moieties, and therapeutics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 84:1-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) drugs have significant therapeutic potential, but delivery systems with appropriate efficacy and toxicity profiles are still needed. Here, we describe a neutral, ampholytic polymeric delivery system based on conjugatable diblock polymer micelles. The diblock copolymer contains a hydrophilic poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide-co-N-(2-(pyridin-2-yldisulfanyl)ethyl)methacrylamide) (poly[HPMA-co-PDSMA]) segment to promote aqueous stability and facilitate thiol-disulfide exchange reactions and a second ampholytic block composed of propylacrylic acid (PAA), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), and butyl methacrylate (BMA). The poly[(HPMA-co-PDSMA)-b-(PAA-co-DMAEMA-co-BMA)] was synthesized using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization with an overall molecular weight of 22 000 g/mol and a PDI of 1.88. Dynamic light scattering and fluorescence measurements indicated that the diblock copolymers self-assemble under aqueous conditions to form polymeric micelles with a hydrodynamic radius and critical micelle concentration of 25 nm and 25 μg/mL, respectively. Red blood cell hemolysis experiments show that the neutral hydrophilic micelles have potent membrane destabilizing activity at endosomal pH values. Thiolated siRNA targeting glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was directly conjugated to the polymeric micelles via thiol exchange reactions with the pyridal disulfide groups present in the micelle corona. Maximum silencing activity in HeLa cells was observed at a 1:10 molar ratio of siRNA to polymer following a 48 h incubation period. Under these conditions 90% mRNA knockdown and 65% protein knockdown at 48 h was achieved with negligible toxicity. In contrast the polymeric micelles lacking a pH-responsive endosomalytic segment demonstrated negligible mRNA and protein knockdown under these conditions. The potent mRNA knockdown and excellent biocompatibility of the neutral siRNA conjugates demonstrate the potential utility of this carrier design for delivering therapeutic siRNA drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany B. Lundy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Anthony Convertine
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Martina Miteva
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Patrick S. Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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Severino P, Fangueiro JF, Ferreira SV, Basso R, Chaud MV, Santana MHA, Rosmaninho A, Souto EB. Nanoemulsions and nanoparticles for non-melanoma skin cancer: effects of lipid materials. Clin Transl Oncol 2013; 15:417-24. [PMID: 23344664 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-012-0982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas are non-melanoma skin cancers reported to be among the most common malignancies, being responsible for high human morbidity. Conventional chemotherapy applied to these conditions shows non-specific targeting, thus severe adverse side effects are also commonly reported. New therapeutic strategies based on nanoparticulates technology have emerged as alternatives for site specific chemotherapy. Among the different types of nanoparticulates, lipid nanoemulsions and nanoparticles have several advantages for topical delivery of poorly soluble chemotherapeutics. These particles show sustained drug release and protection of loaded drugs from chemical degradation. This technology is promising to enhance the intracellular concentration of drugs and consequently reduce the cytotoxicity of skin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Severino
- Department of Biotechnological Processes, School of Engineering Chemical, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, 13083-970, Brazil
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Evans MS, Madhunapantula SV, Robertson GP, Drabick JJ. Current and future trials of targeted therapies in cutaneous melanoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 779:223-55. [PMID: 23288642 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6176-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to effectively treat melanoma, targeted inhibition of key m-echanistic events regulating melanoma development such as cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and invasion or metastasis needs to be accomplished. The Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway has been identified as a key player in melanoma development making this cascade an important therapeutic target. However, identification of the ideal pathway member to therapeutically target for maximal clinical benefit remains a challenge. In normal cells, the MAPK pathway relays extracellular signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus via a cascade of phosphorylation events, which promote cancer development. Dysregulation of the MAPK pathway occurs frequently in many human cancers including melanoma. Mutations in the B-RAF and RAS genes, genetic or epigenetic modifications are the key aberrations observed in this signaling cascade. Constitutive activation of this pathway causes oncogenic transformation of cells by promoting cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, migration, survival and angiogenesis. This review provides an overview of (a) key members of MAPK signaling regulating melanoma development; (b) key proteins which can serve as biomarkers to assess disease progression; (c) the clinical efficacy of various pharmacological agents targeting MAPK pathway; (d) current clinical trials evaluating downstream targets of the MAPK pathway; (e) issues associated with pharmacological agents such as drug resistance, induction of cancers; and finally (e) various strategies overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Evans
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Gowda R, Jones NR, Banerjee S, Robertson GP. Use of Nanotechnology to Develop Multi-Drug Inhibitors For Cancer Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 4. [PMID: 25013742 PMCID: PMC4085796 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439.1000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic agents that inhibit a single target often cannot combat a multifactorial disease such as cancer. Thus, multi-target inhibitors (MTIs) are needed to circumvent complications such as the development of resistance. There are two predominant types of MTIs, (a) single drug inhibitor (SDIs) that affect multiple pathways simultaneously, and (b) combinatorial agents or multi-drug inhibitors (MDIs) that inhibit multiple pathways. Single agent multi-target kinase inhibitors are amongst the most prominent class of compounds belonging to the former, whereas the latter includes many different classes of combinatorial agents that have been used to achieve synergistic efficacy against cancer. Safe delivery and accumulation at the tumor site is of paramount importance for MTIs because inhibition of multiple key signaling pathways has the potential to lead to systemic toxicity. For this reason, the development of drug delivery mechanisms using nanotechnology is preferable in order to ensure that the MDIs accumulate in the tumor vasculature, thereby increasing efficacy and minimizing off-target and systemic side effects. This review will discuss how nanotechnology can be used for the development of MTIs for cancer therapy and also it concludes with a discussion of the future of nanoparticle-based MTIs as well as the continuing obstacles being faced during the development of these unique agents.’
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Penn State Hershey Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; The Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Nathan R Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Shubhadeep Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Penn State Hershey Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Department of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Penn State Hershey Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA ; The Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Daka A, Peer D. RNAi-based nanomedicines for targeted personalized therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1508-21. [PMID: 22975009 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has just made it through the pipeline to clinical trials. However, in order for RNAi to serve as an ideal personalized therapeutics and be clinically approved-safe, specific, and potent strategies must be devised for efficient delivery of RNAi payloads to specific cell types, which despite the immense potential, remains a challenge. Through evaluating the recent reported studies in this field, we introduce the progress in designing targeted nano-scaled strategies that are anticipated to overcome the delivery drawbacks and along with the exciting "omics" discipline to personalize RNAi-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala Daka
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Israel
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Vyas A, Das SK, Singh D, Sonker A, Gidwani B, Jain V, Singh M. Recent Nanoparticulate Approaches of Drug Delivery for Skin Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/tasr.2012.620.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pan TL, Wang PW, Al-Suwayeh SA, Huang YJ, Fang JY. Toxicological effects of cationic nanobubbles on the liver and kidneys: biomarkers for predicting the risk. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3892-901. [PMID: 22809472 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanobubbles with acoustical activity are used as both diagnostic and therapeutic carriers for detecting and treating diseases. We aimed to prepare nanobubbles and assess toxic responses to them in the liver and kidneys. The cytotoxicity of nanobubbles was determined by examining the viability of liver (HepG2) and kidney (293T) cell lines after a 24-h treatment at various concentrations (0.01-2%). Toxic effects of different formulations were compared by determining functional markers such as γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) after intravenous administration of nanobubbles. Cationic nanobubbles caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against cultured cells with a more significant effect in the liver than in the kidneys. A significant reduction of viability was revealed at a concentration as low as 0.1%. Cational systems with soyaethyl morpholinium ethosulfate (SME) exhibited the greatest γ-GT level at 6-fold higher than the control. Immunohistochemistry detected liver fibrosis and inflammation with nanobubbles treatment, especially SME-containing ones at higher doses. According to plasma proteomic profiles, gelsolin and fetuin-B were significantly downregulated 3-fold in the high-dose SME-treated group. Transthyretin decreased by 6-fold in this group. The fibrinogen gamma chain expression was highly elevated. The results suggest that these protein biomarkers are sensitive for assessing the risk of nanobubble exposure. This study is the first to systematically evaluate the possible toxicity of nanobubbles in the liver and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Holden DA, Watkins JJ, White HS. Resistive-pulse detection of multilamellar liposomes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7572-7. [PMID: 22530770 DOI: 10.1021/la300993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The resistive-pulse method was used to monitor the pressure-driven translocation of multilamellar liposomes with radii between 190 and 450 nm through a single conical nanopore embedded in a glass membrane. Liposomes (0% and 5% 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (sodium salt) in 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or 0%, 5%, and 9% 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho(1'-rac-glycerol) (sodium salt) in 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) were prepared by extrusion through a polycarbonate membrane. Liposome translocation through a glass nanopore was studied as a function of nanopore size and the temperature relative to the lipid bilayer transition temperature, T(c). All translocation events through pores larger than the liposome, regardless of temperature, show translocation times between 30 and 300 μs and current pulse heights between 0.2% and 15% from the open pore baseline. However, liposomes at temperatures below the T(c) were captured at the pore orifice when translocation was attempted through pores of smaller dimensions, but squeezed through the same pores when the temperature was raised above T(c). The results provide insights into the deformation and translocation of individual liposomes through a porous material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deric A Holden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Aliabadi HM, Landry B, Sun C, Tang T, Uludağ H. Supramolecular assemblies in functional siRNA delivery: Where do we stand? Biomaterials 2012; 33:2546-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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50
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Watters RJ, Kester M, Tran MA, Loughran TP, Liu X. Development and use of ceramide nanoliposomes in cancer. Methods Enzymol 2012; 508:89-108. [PMID: 22449922 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-391860-4.00005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integration of C₆-ceramide into stealth pegylated nanoliposomes has led to the development of a promising preclinical therapeutic alone and in combination with other agents for treatment of cancer. Ceramide itself has been implicated as a bioactive lipid second messenger mediating cell senescence, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Recent lipidomic analyses have demonstrated that specific ceramide species are differentially metabolized in individual cancers. Therapeutics that increase ceramide levels in cancer tissues have shown increased cell death and tumor inhibition. However, the use of ceramide itself as therapeutic has been problematic due to its inherent hydrophobicity and insolubility, therefore limiting the application for intravenous administration. Pegylated nanoliposomes eliminate this issue and are able to enhance the intracellular delivery of ceramide to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Watters
- Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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