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Guidetti G, Di Cerbo A, Giovazzino A, Rubino V, Palatucci AT, Centenaro S, Fraccaroli E, Cortese L, Bonomo MG, Ruggiero G, Canello S, Terrazzano G. In Vitro Effects of Some Botanicals with Anti-Inflammatory and Antitoxic Activity. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:5457010. [PMID: 27597982 PMCID: PMC5002466 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5457010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in particular oxytetracycline (OTC), appear to correlate with the emergence of immune-mediated diseases. Accumulation of OTC, the elective drug for gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious disease treatment in broiler chickens, was reported in chicken edible tissues and could represent a potential risk for pets and humans that could assume this antibiotic as residue in meat or in meat-derived byproducts. We investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of a pool of thirteen botanicals as a part of a nutraceutical diet, with proven immunomodulatory activity. In addition, we evaluated the effect of such botanicals in contrasting the in vitro proinflammatory toxicity of OTC. Our results showed a significant reduction in interferon- (INF-) γ production by human and canine lymphocytes in presence of botanicals ((⁎) p < 0.05). Increased INF-γ production, dependent on 24-hour OTC-incubation of T lymphocytes, was significantly reduced by the coincubation with Haematococcus pluvialis, with Glycine max, and with the mix of all botanicals ((⁎) p < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of these botanicals was shown to be able to contrast OTC-toxicity and could represent a new approach for the development of functional foods useful to enhance the standard pharmacological treatment in infections as well as in preventing or reducing the emergence of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianandrea Guidetti
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Specialization in Clinical Biochemistry, “G. d'Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Giovazzino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Rubino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sara Centenaro
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Elena Fraccaroli
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Laura Cortese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Ruggiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Canello
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Terrazzano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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Di Cerbo A, Palatucci AT, Rubino V, Centenaro S, Giovazzino A, Fraccaroli E, Cortese L, Ruggiero G, Guidetti G, Canello S, Terrazzano G. Toxicological Implications and Inflammatory Response in Human Lymphocytes Challenged with Oxytetracycline. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2015; 30:170-7. [PMID: 26537863 PMCID: PMC5063161 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used in zoo technical and veterinary practices as feed supplementation to ensure wellness of farmed animals and livestock. Several evidences have been suggesting both the toxic role for tetracyclines, particularly for oxytetracycline (OTC). This potential toxicity appears of great relevance for human nutrition and for domestic animals. This study aimed to extend the evaluation of such toxicity. The biologic impact of the drug was assessed by evaluating the proinflammatory effect of OTC and their bone residues on cytokine secretion by in vitro human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Our results showed that both OTC and OTC‐bone residues significantly induced the T lymphocyte and non‐T cell secretion of interferon (IFN)‐γ, as cytokine involved in inflammatory responses in humans as well as in animals. These results may suggest a possible implication for new potential human and animal health risks depending on the entry of tetracyclines in the food‐processing chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Di Cerbo
- School of Specialization in Clinical Biochemistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - A T Palatucci
- PhD School of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - V Rubino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Research and Development Laboratory, GRAF SpA, Nonantola, (MO), Italy
| | - S Centenaro
- Division of Research and Development, Sanypet SpA, 35023, Bagnoli di Sopra, (PD), Italy
| | - A Giovazzino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Research and Development Laboratory, GRAF SpA, Nonantola, (MO), Italy
| | - E Fraccaroli
- Division of Research and Development, Sanypet SpA, 35023, Bagnoli di Sopra, (PD), Italy
| | - L Cortese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Ruggiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Guidetti
- Division of Research and Development, Sanypet SpA, 35023, Bagnoli di Sopra, (PD), Italy
| | - S Canello
- Division of Research and Development, Sanypet SpA, 35023, Bagnoli di Sopra, (PD), Italy
| | - G Terrazzano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. , .,Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy. ,
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Feng K, Sun H, Bradley MA, Dupler EJ, Giannobile WV, Ma PX. Novel antibacterial nanofibrous PLLA scaffolds. J Control Release 2010; 146:363-9. [PMID: 20570700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to achieve high local bioactivity and low systemic side effects of antibiotics in the treatment of dental, periodontal and bone infections, a localized and temporally controlled delivery system is crucial. In this study, a three-dimensional (3-D) porous tissue engineering scaffold was developed with the ability to release antibiotics in a controlled fashion for long-term inhibition of bacterial growth. The highly soluble antibiotic drug, doxycycline (DOXY), was successfully incorporated into PLGA nanospheres using a modified water-in-oil-in-oil (w/o/o) emulsion method. The PLGA nanospheres (NS) were then incorporated into prefabricated nanofibrous PLLA scaffolds with a well interconnected macro-porous structure. The release kinetics of DOXY from four different PLGA NS formulations on a PLLA scaffold was investigated. DOXY could be released from the NS-scaffolds in a locally and temporally controlled manner. The DOXY release is controlled by DOXY diffusion out of the NS and is strongly dependent upon the physical and chemical properties of the PLGA. While PLGA50-6.5K, PLGA50-64K, and PLGA75-113K NS-scaffolds discharge DOXY rapidly with a high initial burst release, PLGA85-142K NS-scaffold can extend the release of DOXY to longer than 6weeks with a low initial burst release. Compared to NS alone, the NS incorporated on a 3-D scaffold had significantly reduced the initial burst release. In vitro antibacterial tests of PLGA85 NS-scaffold demonstrated its ability to inhibit common bacterial growth (S. aureus and E. coli) for a prolonged duration. The successful incorporation of DOXY onto 3-D scaffolds and its controlled release from scaffolds extends the usage of nano-fibrous scaffolds from the delivery of large molecules such as growth factors to the delivery of small hydrophilic drugs, allowing for a broader application and a more complex tissue engineering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Feng
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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