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Eba K, Duchateau L, Olkeba BK, Boets P, Bedada D, Goethals PLM, Mereta ST, Yewhalaw D. Bio-Control of Anopheles Mosquito Larvae Using Invertebrate Predators to Support Human Health Programs in Ethiopia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041810. [PMID: 33673292 PMCID: PMC7917980 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes have been a nuisance and health threat to humans for centuries due to their ability to transmit different infectious diseases. Biological control methods have emerged as an alternative or complementary approach to contain vector populations in light of the current spread of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the predation efficacy of selected potential predators against Anopheles mosquito larvae. Potential invertebrate predators and Anopheles larvae were collected from natural habitats, mainly (temporary) wetlands and ponds in southwest Ethiopia and experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions. Optimal predation conditions with respect to larval instar, water volume and number of predators were determined for each of the seven studied predators. Data analyses were carried out using the Poisson regression model using one way ANOVA at the 5% significant level. The backswimmer (Notonectidae) was the most aggressive predator on Anopheles mosquito larvae with a daily mean predation of 71.5 larvae (95% CI: [65.04;78.59]). Our study shows that larval instar, water volume and number of predators have a significant effect on each predator, except for dragonflies (Libellulidae), with regard to the preference of the larval instar. A selection of mosquito predators has the potential to control Anopheles mosquito larvae, suggesting that they can be used as complementary approach in an integrated malaria vector control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasahun Eba
- Biometrics Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Jimma 378, Ethiopia; (B.K.O.); (S.T.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luc Duchateau
- Biometrics Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Beekam Kebede Olkeba
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Jimma 378, Ethiopia; (B.K.O.); (S.T.M.)
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa 1560, Ethiopia
| | - Pieter Boets
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
- Provincial Centre of Environmental Research, Godshuizenlaan 95, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dechasa Bedada
- Department of Statistics, Jimma University, Jimma 378, Ethiopia;
| | - Peter L. M. Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Seid Tiku Mereta
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Jimma 378, Ethiopia; (B.K.O.); (S.T.M.)
| | - Delenasaw Yewhalaw
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma 378, Ethiopia;
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Jimma University, Jimma 378, Ethiopia
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Dalal A, Cuthbert RN, Dick JT, Gupta S. Prey preferences of notonectids towards larval mosquitoes across prey ontogeny and search area. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:609-616. [PMID: 31313450 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predatory biological control agents can be effective natural means of managing pests, vectors and invasive species. However, the strength of predator-prey interactions can be regulated through context-dependencies that often remain unquantified. In particular, refuge effects can influence the efficacy of biological agents towards target species, and such effects are often driven by prey size and search area differences. In this study, we quantify the prey preferences of two predaceous notonectids, Anisops breddini and Anisops sardeus, towards four different aquatic larval instar stages of the medically important mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus across variations in surface area and water depth. RESULTS Consumption rates differed significantly among the four larval sizes but not between the notonectids. Search area variations also elicited differences in consumption rates. Both predators tended to prefer second-instar mosquito prey among surface area and water depth variations, while generally avoiding the largest (fourth instar) and smallest (first instar) prey instar stages. For both predators, differential selectivity traits were emergent across surface area variations and water depth, with refuge effects for small prey generally greatest at intermediate-large depths with high surface areas. We thus demonstrate that predatory impacts of notonectids towards mosquito larvae differ significantly according to prey size, and likely peak at intermediate size classes. CONCLUSION Different mosquito size classes often coexist and compete, selectivity has important implications for adult mosquito proliferations. Further, in ephemeral aquatic habitats where surface areas and water depths are highly variable spatiotemporally, the efficacy of notonectids in controlling mosquito prey may differ substantially. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Dalal
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jaimie Ta Dick
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Susmita Gupta
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, India
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Dalal A, Cuthbert RN, Dick JT, Gupta S. Water depth-dependent notonectid predatory impacts across larval mosquito ontogeny. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2610-2617. [PMID: 30729643 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Context-dependencies can modulate the strength of predatory interactions and often remain unquantified. In particular, differences in water depth within aquatic systems could influence predator efficiencies towards prey which utilise three-dimensional space through the water column. Differences in prey size could drive prey size-refuge effects, influencing the efficacy of natural enemies towards vector species. We thus quantify the predatory impact of two notonectid predators, Anisops breddini and Anisops sardeus, towards four different larval instars of Culex quinquefasciatus prey across a water depth gradient, using functional responses (FRs). RESULTS Consumption rates differed significantly between the predators, and interspecific differences in responses to variations in water depth were emergent. Both notonectids were able to handle C. quinquefasciatus prey across all instar stages, yet predation rates were generally higher towards early as opposed to late instar prey. Anisops sardeus was most voracious, and differential predation rates of this species were most pronounced in shallow waters. Type II FRs were displayed by notonectids in the majority of treatments; however, Type III FRs were emergent in specific treatment groups, with potential implications for prey population stability. Both capture rates and handling times were often greater at greater depths, and thus maximum feeding rates reduced as depth increased. Our results further demonstrate substantial predatory impacts of notonectid predators towards mosquito, and quantify biotic and abiotic context-dependencies which modulate their impact. CONCLUSION Given notonectids are capable of aerial dispersal between ephemeral aquatic habitats of varied volumes, their promotion in aquatic systems could help reduce proliferations of medically important mosquitoes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Dalal
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, UK
| | - Jaimie Ta Dick
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, UK
| | - Susmita Gupta
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, India
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Ewing DA, Purse BV, Cobbold CA, Schäfer SM, White SM. Uncovering mechanisms behind mosquito seasonality by integrating mathematical models and daily empirical population data: Culex pipiens in the UK. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:74. [PMID: 30732629 PMCID: PMC6367758 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many mosquito-borne diseases exhibit substantial seasonality, due to strong links between environmental variables and vector and pathogen life-cycles. Further, a range of density-dependent and density-independent biotic and abiotic processes affect the phenology of mosquito populations, with potentially large knock-on effects for vector dynamics and disease transmission. Whilst it is understood that density-independent and density-dependent processes affect seasonal population levels, it is not clear how these interact temporally to shape the population peaks and troughs. Due to this, the paucity of high-resolution data for validation, and the difficulty of parameterizing density-dependent processes, models of vector dynamics may poorly estimate abundances, which has knock-on effects for our ability predict vector-borne disease outbreaks. RESULTS We present a rich dataset describing seasonal abundance patterns of each life stage of Culex pipiens, a widespread vector of West Nile virus, at a field site in southern England in 2015. Abundance of immature stages was measured three times per week, whilst adult traps were run four nights each week. This dataset is integrated with an existing delay-differential equation model predicting Cx. pipiens seasonal abundance to improve understanding of observed seasonal abundance patterns. At our field site, the outcome of our model fitting suggests interspecific predation on mosquito larvae and temperature-dependent larval mortality combine to act as the main sources of population regulation throughout the active season, whilst competition for resources is a relatively small source of larval mortality. CONCLUSIONS The model suggests that density-independent mortality and interspecific predation interact to shape patterns of mosquito seasonal abundance in a permanent aquatic habitat and we propose that competition for resources is likely to be important where periods of high rainfall create transient habitats. Further, we highlight the importance of challenging population abundance models with data from across all life stages of the species of interest if reliable inferences are to be drawn from these models, particularly when considering mosquito control and vector-borne disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Ewing
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB UK
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
- Present address: Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, James Clerk Maxwell Building, Peter Guthrie Tate Road, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD UK
| | - Bethan V. Purse
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB UK
| | - Christina A. Cobbold
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
- The Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Stefanie M. Schäfer
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB UK
| | - Steven M. White
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB UK
- The Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
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Li M, Wang F, Li R, Zhao C, Zhang H. Next generation sequencing yields the complete mitochondrial genome of Notonecta montandoni Motschulsky (Hemiptera: Notonectidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1561228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chenjing Zhao
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hufang Zhang
- Department of Biology, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou, China
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Weterings R, Umponstira C, Buckley HL. Landscape variation influences trophic cascades in dengue vector food webs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaap9534. [PMID: 29507879 PMCID: PMC5833996 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aap9534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiology of vector-borne diseases is governed by a structured array of correlative and causative factors, including landscape (for example, rural versus urban), abiotic (for example, weather), and biotic (for example, food web) factors. Studies of mosquito-borne diseases rarely address these multiple factors at large spatial scales, which limits insights into how human alterations of landscapes and food webs alter mosquito abundance. We used structural equation modeling to identify the relative magnitude and direction of landscape, abiotic, and food web factors on Aedes larvae and adults across 70 sites in northern Thailand. Food web factors were modeled as mosquito-predator trophic cascades. Landscape context affected mosquito-predator communities in aquatic and terrestrial environments via cascading food web interactions. Several mosquito predators within these food webs showed potential as biocontrol agents in mosquito population control, but their potentials for control were landscape-dependent. In terrestrial food webs, the habitat-sensitive tokay gecko structured mosquito-predator communities, indicating that a conservation approach to vector control could be a useful addition to existing control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbie Weterings
- Cat Drop Foundation, Boorn 45, 9204 AZ Drachten, Netherlands
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9 Phitsanulok-Nakhonsawan Road, Tambon Tapho, Muang Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Chanin Umponstira
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9 Phitsanulok-Nakhonsawan Road, Tambon Tapho, Muang Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Hannah L. Buckley
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Li M, Zhang D, Zhao W, Zhang H, Li S, Li T. The complete mitochondrial genome of Notonecta chinensis Fallou and implications for the phylogeny of Notonectidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2017; 2:920-921. [PMID: 33474036 PMCID: PMC7800540 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2017.1413303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome of Notonecta chinensis Fallou was sequenced and was 15,149 bp long with 75.6% A + T. There were 37 typical genes including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNAs), and two ribosomal RNA (rRNAs). The 531 bp D-loop region was located between 12S rRNA and trnI-Ile. All PCGs started with ATN codons, except COI and ND4L, and ended with TAA, except COII, COIII, ATPase6 and ND3. Phylogenetic analyses highly supported the monophyly for each superfamily. Notonectoidea was formed a solid monophyletic group, with N. chinensis and Enithares tibialis clustered into one clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.,Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Danli Zhang
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wanqing Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Hufang Zhang
- Department of Biology, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou, China
| | - Shengcai Li
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Teng Li
- Institute of Zoology and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Breviglieri CPB, Romero GQ. Terrestrial vertebrate predators drive the structure and functioning of aquatic food webs. Ecology 2017; 98:2069-2080. [PMID: 28464251 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Predators that forage at boundaries between ecosystems can affect prey from adjacent ecosystems, thereby triggering consumptive and non-consumptive cascading effects, which may affect diversity and food web structure across ecosystems. In the present study, we manipulated the access of insectivorous birds, lizards, and anurans to tank bromeliads in scrub vegetation in southern Brazil. We measured cascading effects on the community structure of aquatic invertebrates inhabiting bromeliad leaves and on the ecosystem processes of decomposition rate and bromeliad growth. The exclusion of terrestrial vertebrate predators increased the biomass of Odonate and Tabanid apex predators, which shifted the body size structure of the assemblage and generated inverted biomass pyramids that were top-heavy. Within bromeliads with larger aquatic predators, the species composition and abundance of other aquatic invertebrates also changed, resulting in higher abundance of mesopredators and scrapers, and lower abundance of shredders. Under those conditions, the detritus decomposition rate decreased, and bromeliads produced more leaves, perhaps because of the higher deposition of nitrogenous waste by mesopredators. Our results highlight that the effects of terrestrial vertebrate predators can propagate across aquatic ecosystems, altering species composition, body size structure, food web organization, and ecosystem function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crasso Paulo Bosco Breviglieri
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, Campinas, Sao Paulo, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Quevedo Romero
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, Campinas, Sao Paulo, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
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Domingos AR, Arcifa MS. Distribution and fluctuations of backswimmers (Notonectidae) in a tropical shallow lake and predation on microcrustaceans. BRAZ J BIOL 2017; 0:0. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.10815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Notonectids are widely distributed in freshwaters and can prey on zooplankton in temperate lakes. However, its role in structuring the zooplankton community is unknown in tropical lakes. Thus, our objective was to study the notonectid Martarega uruguayensis in a Brazilian tropical shallow lake to evaluate its potential as a zooplankton predator. Its horizontal distribution was analized in the lake throughout one year in fortnightly samplings. Backswimmers were more abundant (mean density 162.9 ± 25.8 ind.m–2) in the cool-dry season, with a strong preference by the littoral zone (mean density 139.9 ± 17.5 ind.m–2). Laboratory experiments were undertaken with young and adult notonectid and the two most abundant cladocerans, Daphnia gessneri and Ceriodaphnia richardi, as prey. Predation by backswimmers in the laboratory showed that only juveniles fed on microcrustaceans (mean ingestion rate of 1.2 ± 0.2 Daphnia and 1.0 ± 0.2 Ceriodaphnia per predator per hour), without size selectivity. Adult insects probably have difficulties in detecting and manipulating small planktonic organisms. On the other hand, young instars might influence zooplankton community, especially in the littoral zone of the lake. This study does contribute to a better understanding of trophic interactions in tropical shallow lakes and is the first to investigate the predation of a notonectid on microcrustaceans from Lake Monte Alegre.
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Fischer S, Zanotti G, Castro A, Quiroga L, Vargas DV. Effect of habitat complexity on the predation of Buenoa fuscipennis (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) on mosquito immature stages and alternative prey. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2013; 38:215-223. [PMID: 24581348 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2013.12033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Notonectids are well-known predators in aquatic habitats, where mosquito larvae, chironomids, and cladocerans constitute their main diet. Our purpose was to assess the effect of structural complexity on the predatory ability of Buenoa fuscipennis, a common predator in aquatic habitats of Buenos Aires city (Argentina). Buenoa fuscipennis showed type 2 functional responses in both the presence and absence of prey refuge and no differences in attack rate or handling time between refuge treatments. Regarding mosquito size classes, B. fuscipennis exhibited a significantly higher preference for 2(nd) instar larvae and no predation on pupae. In the presence of mosquito larvae and alternative prey, B. fuscipennis preferred mosquitoes over chironomid larvae and adult cladocerans over mosquito larvae. No switching behavior was detected in our experiments. Habitat structure only slightly affected the predator´s consumption rates on mosquito larvae. Overall, preference for prey did not vary with the presence of refuge, except for the preference for mosquitoes over chironomid larvae, which was significantly decreased in the presence of refuge as a consequence of reduced predation on mosquito larvae. The results suggest that B. fuscipennis could efficiently control mosquitoes in structurally simple habitats where chironomids are the most abundant alternative prey but not in temporary pools where cladocerans are abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Fischer
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA).
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Padilla Gil DN. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS BUENOA (HEMIPTERA: NOTONECTIDAE) IN TUMACO (NARIÑO, COLOMBIA). ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2013. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v19n1.38641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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