1
|
Piotrowska-Tomala KK, Jonczyk AW, Szóstek-Mioduchowska AZ, Żebrowska E, Ferreira-Dias G, Skarzynski DJ. The Effects of Prostaglandin E2 Treatment on the Secretory Function of Mare Corpus Luteum Depends on the Site of Application: An in vivo Study. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:753796. [PMID: 35242830 PMCID: PMC8885592 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.753796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of prostaglandin (PG) E2 on the secretory function of equine corpus luteum (CL), according to the application site: intra-CL injection vs. an intrauterine (intra-U) administration. Moreover, the effect of intra-CL injection vs. intra-U administration of both luteotropic factors: PGE2 and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as a positive control, on CL function was additionally compared. Mares were assigned to the groups (n = 6 per group): (1) an intra-CL saline injection (control); (2) an intra-CL injection of PGE2 (5 mg/ml); (3) an intra-CL injection of hCG (1,500 IU/ml); (4) an intra-U saline administration (control); (5) an intra-U administration of PGE2 (5 mg/5 ml); (6) an intra-U administration of hCG (1,500 IU/5 ml). Progesterone (P4) and PGE2 concentrations were measured in blood plasma samples collected at −2, −1, and 0 (pre-treatment), and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h after treatments. Moreover, effects of different doses of PGE2 application on the concentration of total PGF2α (PGF2α and its main metabolite 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α– PGFM) was determined. The time point of PGE2, hCG, or saline administration was defined as hour “0” of the experiment. An intra-CL injection of PGE2 increased P4 and PGE2 concentrations between 3 and 4 h or at 3 and 12 h, respectively (p < 0.05). While intra-U administration of PGE2 elevated P4 concentrations between 8 and 24 h, PGE2 was upregulated at 1 h and between 3 and 4 h (p < 0.05). An intra-CL injection of hCG increased P4 concentrations at 1, 6, and 12 h (p < 0.05), while its intra-U administration enhanced P4 and PGE2 concentrations between 1 and 12 h or at 3 h and between 6 and 10 h, respectively (p < 0.05). An application of PGE2, dependently on the dose, supports equine CL function, regardless of the application site, consequently leading to differences in both P4 and PGE2 concentrations in blood plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna K. Piotrowska-Tomala
- Department Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka W. Jonczyk
- Department Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Z. Szóstek-Mioduchowska
- Department Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewelina Żebrowska
- Department Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graca Ferreira-Dias
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dariusz J. Skarzynski
- Department Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- *Correspondence: Dariusz J. Skarzynski
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hormonal Management for the Induction of Luteolysis and Ovulation in Andalusian Jennies: Effect on Reproductive Performance, Embryo Quality and Recovery Rate. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12020143. [PMID: 35049767 PMCID: PMC8772578 DOI: 10.3390/ani12020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two prostanglandins (luprostiol, LUP, and dinoprost, DIN) and two ovulation-inducing agents (human Chorionic Gonadotropin, hCG, and deslorelin, DES) were evaluated for luteolysis and estrus induction, and for ovulation induction, respectively, in embryo donor jennies. Twenty-six fertile Andalusian jennies were used. In Experiment 1, jennies (n = 112 cycles) were randomly treated with either LUP or DIN after embryo flushing. In Experiment 2, donors (n = 84 cycles) were randomly treated with either hCG or DES to induce ovulation. No differences were found between prostaglandins for all variables studied (prostaglandin–ovulation interval (POI), interovulatory interval (IOI), embryo recovery rate (ERR), positive flushing rate (PFR) and embryo grade (EG)). The ovulation rate was similar for hCG and DES (60.9% vs. 78.7%). However, the interval to ovulation (ITO) was affected (62.61 ± 7.20 vs. 48.79 ± 2.69 h). None of the other variables studied (ERR, PFR and EG) were affected (p > 0.05), except for embryo quality (p = 0.009). In short, both prostaglandins evaluated are adequate to induce luteolysis and estrus. Both ovulation-inducing agents hastened ovulation, but DES seems to be more effective than hCG. Follicular diameter affected the interval from treatment to ovulation, and high uterine edema was related to low embryo quality.
Collapse
|
3
|
Derisoud E, Auclair-Ronzaud J, Palmer E, Robles M, Chavatte-Palmer P. Female age and parity in horses: how and why does it matter? Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:52-116. [PMID: 35231230 DOI: 10.1071/rd21267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although puberty can occur as early as 14-15months of age, depending on breed and use, the reproductive career of mares may continue to advanced ages. Once mares are used as broodmares, they will usually produce foals once a year until they become unfertile, and their productivity can be enhanced and/or prolonged through embryo technologies. There is a general consensus that old mares are less fertile, but maternal age and parity are confounding factors because nulliparous mares are usually younger and older mares are multiparous in most studies. This review shows that age critically affects cyclicity, folliculogenesis, oocyte and embryo quality as well as presence of oviductal masses and uterine tract function. Maternal parity has a non-linear effect. Primiparity has a major influence on placental and foal development, with smaller foals at the first gestation that remain smaller postnatally. After the first gestation, endometrial quality and uterine clearance capacities decline progressively with increasing parity and age, whilst placental and foal birthweight and milk production increase. These combined effects should be carefully balanced when breeding mares, in particular when choosing and caring for recipients and their foals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Derisoud
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; and Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Eric Palmer
- Académie d'Agriculture de France, 75007 Paris, France
| | - Morgane Robles
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; and Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; and INRS Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, H7V 1B7 Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; and Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Relationships between Seminal Plasma Metabolites, Semen Characteristics and Sperm Kinetics in Donkey ( Equus asinus). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010201. [PMID: 33467749 PMCID: PMC7830036 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A deeper knowledge of reproductive biology may be helpful in the donkey to avoid the risk of extinction that some breeds are facing. The evaluation of metabolites in seminal plasma provides crucial information for the knowledge of donkey sperm metabolism, for obtaining comparative information with other species, as well as for providing useful elements for the formulation of extenders for sperm dilution and conservation. Moreover, correlations of seminal metabolites with sperm kinetics highlight new possible markers of sperm quality. Using multivariate analysis, all metabolic, seminal, and spermatic data were merged in a single dot that grouped individual stallions within clusters in the Cartesian axes according to the different spermatic characteristics. This amount of information also allows to shed light on the effects of total or partial removal of seminal plasma for improving sperm preservation. The inclusion in the study of an azoospermic individual represents a further discriminating element in the analysis of sperm quality under physiological and pathological conditions. Abstract This study aimed to evaluate donkey seminal plasma metabolites and relate this information to the main characteristics of sperm quality. Sperm kinetics from 10 donkey stallions were analyzed with a computerized system at the time of collection (T0) and after 24 h storage at 4 °C (T24). Seminal plasma was frozen at −80 °C for subsequent proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. On three stallions, semen collection was repeated monthly for three times and sperm analysis also included mitochondrial activity and oxidative status. One stallion was azoospermic and a second semen collection was performed after one month. In the seminal plasma, 17 metabolites were identified; their levels showed numerous significant variations between the azoospermic and the normospermic individuals and grouped in well-defined clusters in a multivariate analysis. Comparing individuals with high and low sperm motility, the only discriminating metabolite was phenylalanine, whose levels were lower in the latter, as in the azoospermic individual. Phenylalanine was also the only metabolite highly correlated with all sperm kinematic parameters at T24. In conclusion, the present study has provided relevant information on the chemical characteristics of donkey semen, identified relationships between seminal metabolites, semen parameters, and sperm kinetics, and offered insights for future technological applications.
Collapse
|
5
|
Oliveira SN, Segabinazzi LGTM, Canuto L, Lisboa FP, Medrado FE, Dell'Aqua JA, Aguiar AJA, Papa FO. Comparative Efficacy of Histrelin Acetate and hCG for Inducing Ovulation in Brazilian Northeastern Jennies (Equus africanus asinus). J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 92:103146. [PMID: 32797776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to compare the efficiency of histrelin acetate (GnRH analog) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to hasten ovulation in Brazilian Northeastern jennies (Equus africanus asinus). Thirty cycles of ten jennies were randomly assigned in one of the three groups: G0 (control group), saline; G1, 250 μg of histrelin acetate; G2, 2500 IU of hCG. Jennies were evaluated by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography, and had the administration of an ovulation-inducing agent when a follicle measuring between 29 and 32 mm of diameter was diagnosed. Jennies were monitored every 6 hours by transrectal ultrasonography until ovulation. The interval between prostaglandin administration and ovulation was lower (P < .05) in jennies from the G1 (145.2 ± 34.6 hours) and G2 (147.4 ± 27.3 hours) groups compared with the control cycle (220.0 ± 41.8 hours). Both treatments (G1, 41.15 ± 3.5 hours; G2, 37.8 ± 2.5 hours) also reduced (P < .05) the interval that jennies took to ovulate after the administration of the ovulation-inducing agent compared with the control (81.8 ± 28.8 hours). All jennies from G1 and G2 ovulated up to 48 hours after ovulation induction, whereas 100% of jennies in the control cycle ovulated later (>48 hours from the administration of saline). In conclusion, both histrelin acetate and hCG at the used dose are efficient ovulation-inducing agents in jennies promoting ovulation up to 48 hours after administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidnei N Oliveira
- Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Lorenzo G T M Segabinazzi
- Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lucas Canuto
- Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe E Medrado
- Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jose A Dell'Aqua
- Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Antonio J A Aguiar
- Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Frederico O Papa
- Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dordas-Perpinyà M, Normandin L, Dhier T, Terris H, Cochard A, Frilley C, Huiban F, Bruyas JF. Single injection of triptorelin or buserelin acetate in saline solution induces ovulation in mares the same as a single injection of hCG. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:374-383. [PMID: 31930759 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of different doses of buserelin acetate and another GnRH agonist, triptorelin acetate, in saline solution in a single subcutaneous injection, to induce ovulation of growing pre-ovulatory follicle in mare and compare it with the classical treatment of a single injection of hCG. The study is split into 3 experiments over different breeding seasons in the same stud with a random distribution of treatment. The first one was to compare the injection of 6 mg of buserelin with 1,500 IU of hCG; the second one consisted of comparing different doses of buserelin (6 mg and 3 mg); and the third one compared three different doses of buserelin (3, 2 and 1 mg), 0.1 mg of triptorelin with 1,500 IU of hCG as a control group. The results of all experiments showed the same efficacy between all treatments with mares ovulating between 24 and 48 hr after injection: experiment 1: hCG (78% n = 41) and buserelin 6 mg (90% n = 50); experiment 2: buserelin 6 mg (78,1% n = 192) and buserelin 3 mg (78% n = 341); and experiment 3: hCG (87% n = 106), buserelin 3 mg (84,7% n = 137), buserelin 2 mg (82,7% n = 104), buserelin 1 mg (87% n = 54) and triptorelin 0.1 mg (84,7% n = 72). In conclusion, this study contributes to erasing the dogma that has been established since 1975 that a single injection in solution without any long-acting excipient of a GnRH agonist cannot induce ovulation in the mare. This study also shows that a injection of 0.1 mg of triptorelin in solution is a good alternative for ovulation induction and is comparable to small doses of buserelin acetate in solution (1 mg) and 1,500 IU of the gold standard trigger hCG, mainly in countries where human formulation of buserelin is not available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dordas-Perpinyà
- Theriogenology unit, Nantes Veterinary College, ONIRIS BP 40706, Nantes cedex, France
| | | | | | | | - Anaïs Cochard
- Theriogenology unit, Nantes Veterinary College, ONIRIS BP 40706, Nantes cedex, France
| | - Camille Frilley
- Theriogenology unit, Nantes Veterinary College, ONIRIS BP 40706, Nantes cedex, France
| | - Fanny Huiban
- Theriogenology unit, Nantes Veterinary College, ONIRIS BP 40706, Nantes cedex, France
| | - Jean-François Bruyas
- Theriogenology unit, Nantes Veterinary College, ONIRIS BP 40706, Nantes cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Immonen I, Cuervo-Arango J. Effect of Timing of Postovulatory Insemination Relative to Human Chorionic Gonadotropin/Buserelin Treatment With 1 Straw of Frozen-Thawed Semen on Mare Fertility. J Equine Vet Sci 2019; 87:102900. [PMID: 32172904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.102900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive management of mares for frozen semen artificial insemination (AI) can be costly and labor intensive. Predicting the exact time of ovulation can be challenging even when ovulation-inducing drugs are used. The main objective of this retrospective study was to determine whether there was an effect of interval between examinations to detect ovulation on likelihood of pregnancy and early embryonic loss in mares after postovulatory breeding with a single straw of frozen/thawed semen. The second objective was to determine the efficacy of two different drugs (human chorionic gonadotropin vs. buserelin) for timely induction of ovulation. The length of the interval from penultimate check to ovulation had no significant effect on pregnancy or embryo loss rates (4 hours: 34.1% and 13.3% vs. 8 hours: 26.1% and 0% and 16 hours: 34.5% and 10%, respectively) nor did the ovulation-inducing drug used, number of the cycle, or the stallion. In conclusion, there appears to be no advantage of checking mares for ovulation during the late evening and night hours when using a postovulatory AI protocol and ovulation-inducing drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isa Immonen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Production Animal Medicine, Equine Reproduction, Helsinki University, Finland
| | - Juan Cuervo-Arango
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Cantero de Letur S.L., Letur, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
The objectives of this study were twofold. Firstly, the present study was designed to examine susceptibility of the corpus luteum (CL) in early diestrus in jennies; and secondly, to investigate the effect of two commonly used hormonal agents in horses on the induction of ovulation in jennies. The oestrus cycles of eleven jennies were monitored by ultrasound every day. When the dominant follicle reached a diameter of 30 mm, the jennies were treated by intramuscular administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist lecirelin (GnRH, 50 µg pro toto) in the first oestrus cycle, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 1500 IU pro toto) intramuscularly in the second oestrus cycle. Prostaglandin F2α analogue cloprostenolum (PGF2α, 0.125 mg pro toto) was administered intramuscularly 2 days after the first ovulation and the interovulatory interval was monitored. This study showed that intramuscular administration of 50 µg of GnRH agonist lecirelin resulted in ovulation within 48 h in 73% of treated jennies. Intramuscular administration 1500 IU of hCG was found to be poorly effective to induce ovulation, with 36% of animals ovulating within 48 h. Intramuscular administration of PGF2α analogue cloprostenol 2 days after ovulation was unsuccessful in attempting to shorten the interovulatory interval in donkeys.
Collapse
|
9
|
Histrelin acetate-induced ovulation in Brazilian Northeastern jennies (Equus asinus) with different follicle diameters. Theriogenology 2019; 136:95-100. [PMID: 31254727 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a GnRH analog for induction of ovulation in Brazilian Northeastern jennies (Equus asinus) with different follicle diameters. Four consecutive estrus of 10 jennies were used in a crossover study; C (Control, n = 10) jennies were evaluated by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography until a spontaneous ovulation and the intervals between the predetermined follicular size (25-28 mm [C1], 29-32 mm [C2] and 33-36 mm [C3] follicle) and ovulation were registered. In treated cycle, jennies had the ovulation induced by 250 μg of Histrelin acetate (Strelin®, Botupharma, Botucatu, Brazil) when respective follicle diameters 25-28 mm (T1), 29-32 mm (T2) and 33-36 mm (T3) were diagnosed. Ovulation was monitored by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography. Different follicle diameters significantly affected (P < 0.05) the interval until ovulation between control and matched treated cycles. Interval between prostaglandin administration and ovulation diagnosis was lower in jennies from T2 group (145.2 ± 34.6 h) compared with the control cycle (220.0 ± 41.8 h) and also with other treated cycles (T1 - 209.8 ± 48.0 h; T3 - 183.3 ± 33.9 h). Histrelin acetate treatment also reduces the interval between detection of predetermined follicular size and ovulation (P < 0.05) in all treated cycles groups compared with matched control group. Higher percentage (P < 0.05) of jennies had success of ovulation induction (36-48 h after Histrelin acetate injection) in all treated cycles in contrast with the matched control group. In addition, in comparison among treated cycle groups, more (P < 0.05) jennies (100%) in T2 ovulated between 36 and 48 h after ovulation induction, compared with T1 and T3, which did not differ (P > 0.05) from each other. Edema scoring and ovulation were not associated events (r = 0.0219). In conclusion, jennies with 29-32 mm follicles satisfactory responded to ovulation induction with Histrelin acetate, which allowed the shortening of interovulatory interval in all groups evaluated.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chang ZL, Li BX, Liu B, Yao L, Yu J, Jiang GM, Tan JH. Effects of FSH and the weather during induced ovulation and timed artificial insemination to increase jenny conception rates. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3220. [PMID: 30824770 PMCID: PMC6397317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to improve jenny conception rates through induced ovulation and timed insemination. Jennies in control, hCG and LH groups were injected intramuscularly with saline alone or saline containing hCG or LH, respectively, when the dominant follicle diameter reached 35 mm. Then, follicle development was checked every 8 h until the dominant follicle ovulated. While 76% of the hCG-treated jennies ovulated between 24 and 48 h, and 84% of the LH-treated ovulated between 24 and 40 h after injection, ovulations in control jennies scattered over an extended period after injection. Conception rates after insemination were significantly higher in LH- or hCG-treated jennies than in the conventionally-bred jennies. The LH preparation used in this study contained more FSH than the hCG preparation did, and supplementing the hCG treatment with FSH significantly improved ovulation synchronization. Ovulations in jennies treated on rainy days were significantly postponed and less synchronized compared to those in jennies treated on sunny days. Together, the results suggested that jenny conception could be significantly improved by inducing ovulation with LH or hCG treatment followed by timed insemination and that FSH and the weather during treatment had profound effects on ovulation induction of jennies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Le Chang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, P. R. China.
| | - Bao-Xing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, P. R. China.,Dong e e Jiao Co., Ltd., Dong'e County, 252200, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Luo Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Dong e e Jiao Co., Ltd., Dong'e County, 252200, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - G M Jiang
- Dong e e Jiao Co., Ltd., Dong'e County, 252200, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Jing-He Tan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khan FA, Chenier TS, Foster RA, Hewson J, Scholtz EL. Endometrial nitric oxide synthase activity in mares susceptible or resistant to persistent breeding-induced endometritis and the effect of a specific iNOS inhibitor in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2018. [PMID: 29537110 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Emerging research suggests that the nitric oxide system may play a role in persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE) in the mare. Differences in uterine nitric oxide (NO) levels between mares susceptible or resistant to PBIE and a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of NO on uterine contractility have been demonstrated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the difference in total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity of the endometrium between susceptible and resistant mares and the effect of a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor on the endometrial NOS activity in vitro. Six susceptible and six resistant mares were selected based on preset criteria and the results of an intrauterine challenge with killed spermatozoa during oestrus. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected 24 hr post-challenge and cultured at 37°C for 24 hr in L-arginine supplemented minimum essential medium with or without a specific iNOS inhibitor (1,400 W dihydrochloride, 1 mM). The medium and the cultured endometrial tissue were collected after 24 hr of culture and assayed for NO and total protein, respectively. Total NO content of the medium, normalized to endometrial tissue wet weight or total protein, was used as a measure of endometrial NOS activity. Non-parametric tests were applied for statistical analysis. Susceptible mares had significantly greater endometrial NOS activity than resistant mares. The iNOS inhibitor treatment significantly reduced NOS activity in endometrial samples derived from susceptible and resistant mares. These findings provide a basis for in vivo testing of specific iNOS inhibitors as preventative or therapeutic options for PBIE in mares.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F A Khan
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - T S Chenier
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - R A Foster
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J Hewson
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - E L Scholtz
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tazawa SP, Gastal MO, Silva LA, Evans MJ, Gastal EL. Preovulatory Follicle Dynamics, and Ovulatory and Endometrial Responses to Different Doses of hCG and Prediction of Ovulation in Mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
13
|
Sinclair CD, Webel SK, Douthit TL, Murray LW, Jager AL, Grieger DM, Kouba JM. Evaluation of an intravaginal triptorelin acetate gel for inducing ovulation in mares1. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:3631-3638. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2017.1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
14
|
Boakari YL, Ferreira JC, Canesin HS, Thompson DL, Lima FS, Pantoja JCF, Meira C. Influence of two ovulation-inducing agents on the pituitary response and follicle blood flow in mares. Theriogenology 2017; 100:95-99. [PMID: 28708540 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of deslorelin and hCG, two ovulation-inducing therapies, on LH surge and follicle vascularity in mares. Thirty mares were either treated with 1.5 mg IM of deslorelin, 2,500 IU IV of hCG or 2 mL IM of NaCl 0.9% (GnRH, hCG and Saline groups, respectively). Power-flow Doppler examination and blood collection were performed every hour during the first 12 hours after treatment (H0) and every six hours between hours 12 (H12) and 30 (H30) after treatment. Moreover, endpoints were evaluated every hour through the last six hours before ovulation (OV-6 to OV-1). In GnRH group, plasma LH concentration progressively increased (P < 0.001) during the first 6 hours after treatment and remained high (P > 0.1) until OV-1. A significant increase in LH concentrations was first detected (P < 0.05) at 24 hours after treatment in hCG group, while no changes (P > 0.1) on LH levels were found during H0-H30 and between OV-6 and OV-1 in the Saline group. Independent of the treatment, significant variations on the percentage of the follicle wall with Doppler signals were not observed (P > 0.1) throughout the entire experiment. A weak correlation between the preovulatory follicle vascularity and the plasma LH concentration was found in GnRH, hCG and Saline groups (r = +0.29, +0.29 and -0.23, respectively; P ˂ 0.0001). These results described for the first time the immediate and continuous pituitary response to ovulation-inducing therapy with injectable deslorelin. Moreover, spontaneous and induced ovulations were not preceded by an increased follicle vascularity, which differs from previous reports in large animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Boakari
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - J C Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
| | - H S Canesin
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D L Thompson
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - F S Lima
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - J C F Pantoja
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Meira
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Newcombe JR, Cuervo-Arango J. What Are the Options for Induction of Ovulation in the Mare in Europe? Buserelin as an Alternative to Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
16
|
Camillo F, Vannozzi I, Tesi M, Sabatini C, Rota A, Paciolla E, Dang-Nguyen I, Panzani D. Induction of ovulation with buserelin in jennies: in search of the minimum effective dose. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 151:56-60. [PMID: 25293536 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the minimum dose of buserelin acetate (buserelin) able to induce ovulation between 24 and 48 h from treatment (positive response) in estrous jennies. Jennies were studied during a total of 172 estrous cycles: ovarian activity was routinely monitored by ultrasound; when the dominant follicle reached a diameter of 33 ± 1 mm, estrous jennies were treated by subcutaneous administration of different doses of buserelin, 3.3mg (N = 11), 1.5mg (N = 21), 0.8 mg (N = 12), 0.4 mg (N = 16), 0.2mg (N = 13), 0.1mg (N = 16), 0.04 mg (N = 14), 0.02 mg (N = 16), or employed as controls (N = 53). Single jennies (P = 0.0001) and GnRH dose (P = 0.003) significantly affected ovulation rates. Ovulation rates between 24 and 48 h of each treated group, except for the 0.02 mg group, was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The minimum dose of buserelin effective to induce ovulation in estrous jennies was 0.04 mg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Camillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Iacopo Vannozzi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Tesi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Sabatini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rota
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Paciolla
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Irene Dang-Nguyen
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes Atlantique-ONIRIS, 102 Route de Gachet, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Duccio Panzani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gomes RG, Oliveira RL, de Castro Schutzer CG, Rigo Barreiros TR, Seneda MM. Effect of Deslorelin and/or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin on Inducing Ovulation in Mares During the Transition Period Versus Ovulatory Season. J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
18
|
Pugliesi G, Fürst R, Carvalho GR. Impact of using a fast-freezing technique and different thawing protocols on viability and fertility of frozen equine spermatozoa. Andrologia 2013; 46:1055-62. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Pugliesi
- Department of Animal Reproduction; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - R. Fürst
- Department of Animal Science; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - G. R. Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa MG Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ferris RA, Hatzel JN, Lindholm AR, Scofield DB, McCue PM. Efficacy of Deslorelin Acetate (SucroMate) on Induction of Ovulation in American Quarter Horse Mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
20
|
Bucca S, Carli A. Efficacy of human chorionic gonadotropin to induce ovulation in the mare, when associated with a single dose of dexamethasone administered at breeding time. Equine Vet J 2012:32-4. [PMID: 22082443 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00488.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and dexamethasone have a role in the reproductive management protocols of mares susceptible to persistent mating-induced endometritis (PMIE). However, it is possible that there is interference between these 2 drugs. OBJECTIVES The objective of this retrospective study was to determine the efficacy of hCG to induce ovulation in mares treated with dexamethasone at breeding time. METHODS Medical records from 152 mares and 223 cycles were analysed. In 113 cycles, mares susceptible to PMIE were treated with 1500 iu hCG and a single dose of 50 mg dexamethasone, 110 cycles were used as controls and subsequent ovulation was assessed ultrasonographically and compared. RESULTS Dexamethasone did not inhibit ovulation in mares susceptible to PMIE. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Multiple administrations of dexamethasone to mares in early oestrus have induced ovulation failure. However, a single dose of dexamethasone, administered at breeding time, has been used as an effective modulator of PMIE in susceptible mares and does not interfere with efficacy of hCG to induce ovulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Bucca
- Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co Kildare, Ireland. stefbucca@gmail
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Newcombe J, Paccamonti D, Cuervo-Arango J. Reducing the examination interval to detect ovulation below 12h does not improve pregnancy rates after postovulatory insemination with frozen/thawed semen in mares. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 123:60-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
22
|
Effect of Follicle Size and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone on Ovulation Induction and Embryo Recovery in the Mare. J Equine Vet Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
23
|
Logan NL, McCue PM, Alonso MA, Squires EL. Evaluation of three equine FSH superovulation protocols in mares. Anim Reprod Sci 2007; 102:48-55. [PMID: 17188438 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Superovulation could potentially increase embryo recovery for immediate transfer or cryopreservation. The objectives were to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with progesterone and estradiol (P+E) on follicular response to eFSH and compare doses of eFSH and ovulatory agents on follicular development and ovulation in mares. In Experiment 1, 40 mares were assigned to one of four treatment groups. Group 1 consisted of untreated controls. Group 2 mares were administered eFSH without pretreatment with P+E. Group 3 mares were administered P+E for 10 days starting in mid-diestrus followed by eFSH therapy. Group 4 mares were administered P+E for 10 days followed by eFSH therapy. All treated mares were administered 12.5mg eFSH twice daily and prostaglandins were given on the second day of eFSH therapy. Mares were bred with fresh semen the day of hCG administration and with cooled semen the following day. The numbers of preovulatory follicles and ovulations were lower for mares treated with P+E prior to eFSH treatment. Pretreatment with P+E in estrus also resulted in a lower embryo recovery rate per ovulation compared to the other two eFSH treatment groups. In Experiment 2, two doses of eFSH (12.5 and 6.25mg) and two ovulation-inducing agents (hCG and deslorelin) were evaluated. The number of preovulatory follicles was greater for mares given 12.5mg of eFSH compared to mares given 6.25mg. Number of ovulations was greatest for mares given 12.5mg of eFSH twice daily followed by administration of hCG. Embryo recovery per flush was similar among treatment groups, but the percent of embryos per ovulation was higher for mares given the low dose of eFSH. In summary, there was no advantage to giving P+E prior to eFSH treatment. In addition, even though the lower dose of eFSH resulted in fewer ovulations, embryo recovery per flush and embryo recovery per ovulation were similar or better for those given the lower dose of eFSH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N L Logan
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Foothills Campus, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1683, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Davies Morel MCG, Newcombe JR. The efficacy of different hCG dose rates and the effect of hCG treatment on ovarian activity: ovulation, multiple ovulation, pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, synchrony of multiple ovulation; in the mare. Anim Reprod Sci 2007; 109:189-99. [PMID: 18054451 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2007] [Revised: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 10/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of hCG to advance ovulation in the mare there is little information on efficacy of dose rates and any contraindications of its use. This study aims to investigate the effect of dose of hCG on ovulation within 48h and the effect of hCG on: ovulation, multiple ovulation (MO), pregnancy, multiple pregnancy (MP) rates and synchrony of MO; additionally whether any seasonal effect is evident. Sequential ultrasonic scanning was used to monitor the occurrence of ovulation, within 48h of treatment, in 1291 Thoroughbred mares treated with either 750iu hCG or 1500iu hCG s.c. Ovulation rate, type (single ovulations (SO), MO, synchronous, asynchronous) and subsequent pregnancy were then monitored in 1239 Thoroughbred mares on a commercial stud over 3 years, 536 of which were treated with 750iu hCG at mating, all mares were also allocated into groups according to month of mating. No significant difference existed between the two dose levels of hCG and no significant difference existed between treated and untreated mares in overall ovulations (1.32 and 1.28 respectively), MO (31.7% and 27.7%), pregnancy (65.1% and 65.6%) or MP rates (10.8% and 11.8%). There was no significant association between month of year and pregnancy or MP rates for either treated or control mares, nor for MO for untreated mares. A significant (p<0.05) association was evident between month and MO in treated mares, MO being lowest in April (22.3%). 95.9% of treated mares multiple ovulated within 48h compared with 90.7% controls, a near significant difference. In conclusion this study demonstrates that: (i) hCG dose of 750iu s.c. is just as effective in inducing ovulation within 48h as 1500iu, (ii) 750iu hCG has no significant effect on ovulation, MO, pregnancy or MP rates; (iii) a significant (p<0.05) association exists between season and MO in hCG treated mares; (iv) a tighter synchrony (ovulation within 48h) of MO is evident in hCG treated compared with control mares (p=0.052).
Collapse
|
25
|
Carluccio A, Panzani S, Tosi U, Faustini M, De Amicis I, Veronesi MC. Efficacy of hCG and GnRH for inducing ovulation in the jenny. Theriogenology 2007; 68:914-9. [PMID: 17716724 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Revised: 06/07/2007] [Accepted: 07/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge about management of ovulation in the donkey is limited compared to that in the horse. This experiment was designed to evaluate the efficacy of injecting single doses of lecirelin (a GnRH-analogue) or of hCG to induce ovulation in the jenny and to determine whether effects are dependent upon follicular diameter at time of injection. Ovarian activity and follicular growth were monitored by rectal ultrasonography. Jennies were randomly allotted to the following groups: Group GnRH, treated with 100 microg lecirelin; Group hCG, treated with 2500 IU hCG; Group C, untreated and monitored for spontaneous ovulation. Animals were also categorized into subgroups depending upon follicular diameter: 30-35 mm (GnRH-1, hCG-1 and C-1) or 36-40 mm (GnRH-2, hCG-2 and C-2). Jennies in the two hormone treatment groups did not differ significantly for time from treatment to ovulation, but there was a significant reduction in time to ovulation as follicle size at treatment increased. Jennies treated with either lecirelin or hCG had significantly smaller follicle size at ovulation than jennies in the Control groups that underwent spontaneous ovulation. Treatment groups did not differ significantly in the proportion of jennies that ovulated within 48 h of injection or between 25 and 48 h following injection. These results highlight the usefulness of lecirelin for induction and synchronization of ovulation in the jenny, particularly since it would avoid the risk of reduced hCG response in reproductive management programs in which that hormone was repeatedly used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Carluccio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, V le Crispi, 212 64020 Teramo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
McCue P, Magee C, Gee E. Comparison of Compounded Deslorelin and hCG for Induction of Ovulation in Mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2006.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Hedberg Y, Dalin AM, Santesson M, Kindahl H. A preliminary study on the induction of dioestrous ovulation in the mare--a possible method for inducing prolonged luteal phase. Acta Vet Scand 2006; 48:12. [PMID: 16987391 PMCID: PMC1557516 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-48-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strong oestrous symptoms in the mare can cause problems with racing, training and handling. Since long-acting progesterone treatment is not permitted in mares at competition (e.g. according to FEI rules), there is a need for methods to suppress unwanted cyclicity. Spontaneous dioestrous ovulations in the late luteal phase may cause a prolongation of the luteal phase in mares. Methods In this preliminary study, in an attempt to induce ovulation during the luteal phase, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (3000 IU) was injected intramuscularly in four mares (experimental group) in the luteal phase when a dioestrous follicle ≥ 30 mm was detected. A fifth mare included in this group was not treated due to no detectable dioestrous follicles ≥ 30 mm. Four control mares were similarly injected with saline. The mares were followed with ultrasound for 72 hours post injection or until ovulation. Blood samples for progesterone analysis were obtained twice weekly for one month and thereafter once weekly for another two to four months. Results Three of the hCG-treated mares ovulated within 72 hours after treatment and developed prolonged luteal phases of 58, 68 and 82 days respectively. One treated mare never ovulated after the hCG injection and progesterone levels fell below 3 nmol/l nine days post treatment. Progesterone levels in the control mares were below 3 nmol/l within nine days after saline injection, except for one mare, which developed a spontaneously prolonged luteal phase of 72 days. Conclusion HCG treatment may be a method to induce prolonged luteal phases in the mare provided there is a dioestrous follicle ≥ 30 mm that ovulates post-treatment. However, the method needs to be tested on a larger number of mares to be able to draw conclusions regarding its effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Hedberg
- Division of Comparative Reproduction, Obstetrics and Udder Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne-Marie Dalin
- Division of Comparative Reproduction, Obstetrics and Udder Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Santesson
- Division of Comparative Reproduction, Obstetrics and Udder Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Kindahl
- Division of Comparative Reproduction, Obstetrics and Udder Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
The generally recommended minimum number of spermatozoa required for conventional artificial insemination in the mare is in excess of 200 x 10(6) progressively motile spermatozoa. Recent developments in different insemination techniques such as deep uterine, hysteroscopic and oviductal insemination, which have been designed to use significantly fewer spermatozoa, are reviewed in this paper. A number of studies have demonstrated that ultrasound guided deep uterine insemination of 5 x 10(6) fresh spermatozoa can produce satisfactory pregnancy rates. The use of hysteroscopic insemination enables the insemination dose to be successfully reduced to 1 x 10(6) fresh or 3 x 10(6) frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Further reduction of the insemination dose is possible and satisfactory pregnancy rates can also be achieved by surgical oviductal insemination of mares with as few as 2 x 10(5) fresh spermatozoa. The refinement of these insemination techniques will allow us to maximise the use of frozen-thawed semen, use new technology such as sex-preselection of spermatozoa and to conserve and utilise epididymal spermatozoa at the time of castration or death of a stallion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L H A Morris
- Equine Fertility Services, 2584 Kihikihi Rd, Te Awamutu, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chan JPW, Huang TH, Chuang ST, Cheng FP, Fung HP, Chen CL, Mao CL. Quantitative Echotexture Analysis for Prediction of Ovulation in Mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2003.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
30
|
Morris LHA, Tiplady C, Allen WR. Pregnancy rates in mares after a single fixed time hysteroscopic insemination of low numbers of frozen-thawed spermatozoa onto the uterotubal junction. Equine Vet J 2003; 35:197-201. [PMID: 12638798 DOI: 10.2746/042516403776114162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY To compensate for the wide variation in the freezability of stallion spermatozoa, it has become common veterinary practice to carry out repeated ultrasonography of the ovaries of oestrous mares in order to be able to inseminate them within 6-12 h of ovulation with a minimum of 300-500 x 10(6) frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Furthermore, in order to achieve satisfactory fertility, this requirement for relatively high numbers of spermatozoa currently limits our ability to exploit recently available artificial breeding technologies, such as sex-sorted semen, for which only 5-20 x 10(6) spermatozoa are available for insemination. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of hysteroscopic vs. conventional insemination when low numbers of spermatozoa are used at a single fixed time after administration of an ovulation-inducing agent. METHODS In the present study, pregnancy rates were compared in 86 mares inseminated once only with low numbers of frozen-thawed spermatozoa (3-14 x 10(6)) at 32 h after treatment with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), either conventionally into the body of the uterus or hysteroscopically by depositing a small volume of the inseminate directly onto the uterotubal papilla ipsilateral to the ovary containing the pre-ovulatory follicle. RESULTS Pregnancy rates were similarly high in mares inseminated conventionally or hysteroscopically with 14 x 10(6) motile frozen-thawed spermatozoa (67% vs. 64%). However, when the insemination dose was reduced to 3 x 10(6) spermatozoa, the pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the mares inseminated hysteroscopically onto the uterotubal junction compared to those inseminated into the uterine body (47 vs. 15%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS When inseminating mares with <10 x 10(6) frozen-thawed stallion spermatozoa, hysteroscopic uterotubal junction deposition of the inseminate is the preferred method. POTENTIAL CLINICAL RELEVANCE Satisfactory pregnancy rates are achievable after insemination of mares with frozen-thawed semen from fertile stallions 32 h after administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (Chorulon). Furthermore, these results were obtained when mares were inseminated with 14 x 10(6) progressively motile frozen-thawed spermatozoa from 2 stallions of proven fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L H A Morris
- University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine Equine Fertility Unit, Mertoun Paddocks, Woodditton Road, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 9BH, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Functional alterations within the reproductive system and in other supporting systems may limit the reproductive capacity of geriatric patients; however, the age of onset and degree of compromise show wide individual variation. Aging of the hypothalamopituitary-ovarian axis in the mare manifests as delayed entry to the breeding season, prolonged follicular phases, reduced response to ovulation induction, irregular cycles, oocyte defects, increased early embryonic death, and, eventually, persistent anestrus. Aging of the reproductive tract may increase her susceptibility to endometritis, compromise placental formation with long-term effects on the fetus and viability of the resulting foal, increase her risk of ascending placentitis, alter gestation length, and make her more prone to catastrophic rupture of the uterine arteries at the time of parturition. Effects on the stallion are less well documented but include a reduction in sperm output associated with progressive testicular degeneration and potential compromise of libido and mating ability that is often associated with degenerative conditions of the musculoskeletal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Madill
- Department of Clinical and Population Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 225 Veterinary Teaching Hospital, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
The need for relatively high numbers of spermatozoa for artificial insemination limits our application of recently available technologies such as sex-sorted semen. The fertility of two different methods of low dose insemination using fresh, frozen and sex-sorted semen are compared in this overview. Satisfactory conception rates are described using very low doses of spermatozoa inseminated by either hysteroscopic or deep uterine insemination methods, proving the stallion is fully fertile. The hysteroscopic method appears to give higher conception rates when inseminating fewer than 5 x 10(6) spermatozoa and is therefore, the preferred method of insemination for sex-sorted spermatozoa. However, hysteroscopic deposition of low numbers of spermatozoa from infertile stallions does not appear to improve their fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L H A Morris
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine Equine Fertility Unit, University of Cambridge, Mertoun Paddocks, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|