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Sarmah D, Sengupta R. A Review on the Role of Phytoconstituents Chrysin on the Protective Effect on Liver and Kidney. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2024; 21:e251023222716. [PMID: 37921185 DOI: 10.2174/0115701638242317231018144944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chance of contracting significant diseases increases due to an unhealthy and contemporary lifestyle. Chrysin is a flavonoid of the flavone class in numerous plants, including Passiflora and Pelargonium. Chrysin has long been used to treat a variety of illnesses. Chrysin, an essential flavonoid, has many pharmacological actions, including anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, depressive, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activity. PURPOSE This explorative review was commenced to provide a holistic review of flavonoids confirming that Chrysin has a therapeutic potential on the liver and kidney and reduces the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by diverse toxicants, which can be helpful for the toxicologists, pharmacologists, and chemists to develop new safer pharmaceutical products with chrysin and other toxicants. STUDY DESIGN The most relevant studies that were well-explained and fit the chosen topic best were picked. The achieved information was analyzed to determine the outcome by screening sources by title, abstract, and whole work. Between themselves, the writers decided on the studies to be considered. The necessary details were systematically organized into titles and subtitles and compressively discussed. METHOD The information presented in this review is obtained using targeted searches on several online platforms, including Google Scholar, Scifinder, PubMed, Science Direct, ACS publications, and Wiley Online Library. The works were chosen based on the inclusion criteria agreed upon by all authors. RESULTS Chrysin is a promising bioactive flavonoid with significant health benefits, and its synthetic replacements are being utilized as pharmaceuticals to treat various diseases. Findings revealed that Chrysin exhibits hepatoprotective actions against several hepatotoxicants like 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), cisplatin, and others by lowering the levels of liver toxicity biomarkers and enhancing antioxidant levels. Additionally, chrysin has potential nephroprotective properties against various nephrotoxicants, like Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Paracetamol, Gentamicin, Streptazosin, and others by dropping kidney toxicity marker levels, reducing oxidative stress, and improving the antioxidant level. CONCLUSION According to this revised study, chrysin is a promising phytoconstituent that can be utilized as an alternate treatment for various medications that cause hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. With active chrysin, several dosage forms targeting the liver and kidneys can be formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debika Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Hatkhowapara Azara, Guwahati, 17, India
| | - Rupa Sengupta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Hatkhowapara Azara, Guwahati, 17, India
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Zhang H, Xu J. Unveiling thioacetamide-induced toxicity: Multi-organ damage and omitted bone toxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 2024; 43:9603271241241807. [PMID: 38531387 DOI: 10.1177/09603271241241807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Thioacetamide (TAA), a widely employed hepatotoxic substance, has gained significant traction in the induction of liver failure disease models. Upon administration of TAA to experimental animals, the production of potent oxidative derivatives ensues, culminating in the activation of oxidative stress and subsequent infliction of severe damage upon multiple organs via dissemination through the bloodstream. This review summarized the various organ damages and corresponding mechanistic explanations observed in previous studies using TAA in toxicological animal experiments. The principal pathological consequences arising from TAA exposure encompass oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, fibrosis, apoptosis induction, DNA damage, and osteoclast formation. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies on TAA bone toxicity have confirmed that long-term high-dose use of TAA not only induces liver damage in experimental animals but also accompanies bone damage, which was neglected for a long time. By using TAA to model diseases in experimental animals and controlling TAA dosage, duration of use, and animal exposure environment, we can induce various organ injury models. It should be noted that TAA-induced injuries have a time-dependent effect. Finally, in our daily lives, especially for researchers, we should take precautions to minimize TAA exposure and reduce the probability of related organ injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Zhang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Çomaklı S, Özdemir S, Güloğlu M. Chrysin attenuates paclitaxel-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats by suppressing oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis. Life Sci 2023; 332:122096. [PMID: 37716503 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Paclitaxel (Pax) is a chemotherapeutic drug from the taxane family that is used in the treatment of human cancer, including ovarian, breast, and non-small cell lung carcinoma. Chrysin (CR) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-diabetic, and anti-carcinogenic properties, as well as hepatoprotective and renoprotective activities. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effect of CR against Pax-induced hepatorenal toxicity on inflammation, apoptosis, antioxidant levels, oxidative DNA damage, and histopathology in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 7): Group I (normal control), Group II (CR alone at a dose of 50 mg/kg), Group III (Pax at a dose of 2 mg/kg), Group IV (Pax+CR 25), and Group V (Pax+CR 50). The expressions of apoptotic (Bax and Bcl-2) and antioxidant genes (SOD1, CAT, GPx3, and GST) were evaluated using RT-PCR from paraffin sections. Caspase 3, KIM-1, NF-kB, COX-2, and 8-OHdG were also determined by immunohistochemical examination. KEY FINDINGS The results revealed that Pax exposure caused hepatic and renal damage in rats, which was indicated by a significant elevation of caspase 3, Bax, KIM-1, NF-kB, COX-2, and 8-OHdG. However, there was a marked downregulation in the expressions of the Bcl-2, SOD1, CAT, GPx3, and GST genes. In contrast, rats given CR in combination showed better gene expression, histological structure, and immunohistochemical staining results. SIGNIFICANCE Consequently, CR exhibited the ability to reduce oxidative DNA damage, exert anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, and mitigate the toxic effects of Pax-induced hepatorenal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Selçuk Özdemir
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Meryem Güloğlu
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Uzunhisarcikli M, Apaydin FG, Bas H, Kalender Y. The ameliorative effects of quercetin and curcumin against subacute nephrotoxicity of fipronil induced in Wistar rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:493-502. [PMID: 37397921 PMCID: PMC10311137 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that is widely used in agricultural, veterinary, and public health fields for controlling a wide variety of insect species and it is an environmentally potent toxic substance. Curcumin and quercetin, which are well-known natural antioxidants, are widely used to prevent the harmful effects of free radicals on biological systems. The present study aimed to determine the potential ameliorative effects of quercetin and/or curcumin on fipronil-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Curcumin (100 mg/kg of body weight), quercetin (50 mg/kg of body weight), and fipronil (3.88 mg/kg of body weight) were administered to male rats by intragastric gavage for 28 consecutive days. In the present study, body weight, kidney weight, the renal function markers (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid levels) in the blood, antioxidant enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde level as markers of oxidative stress, and histological changes of the renal tissue were evaluated. The levels of serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid were significantly increased in fipronil-treated animals. Additionally, while superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased in the kidney tissue of rats treated with fipronil, malondialdehyde level was significantly increased. Histopathological analyses showed that the glomerular and tubular injury occurred in the renal tissue of fipronil-treated animals. Also, the supplementation of quercetin and/or curcumin with fipronil significantly improved fipronil-induced alterations in renal function markers, antioxidant enzyme activities, malondialdehyde levels, and histological features of renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Uzunhisarcikli
- Corresponding author: Vocational High School of Health Services, Gazi University, Gölbaşı, Ankara 06830, Türkiye.
| | - Fatma Gokce Apaydin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Türkiye
| | - Hatice Bas
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Bozok University, Yozgat 66100, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Kalender
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Türkiye
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Hassan AK, El-Kalaawy AM, Abd El-Twab SM, Alblihed MA, Ahmed OM. Hesperetin and Capecitabine Abate 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Enhancing Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Actions. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040984. [PMID: 37109513 PMCID: PMC10146346 DOI: 10.3390/life13040984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death, with significantly increasing rates of incidence worldwide. The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-carcinogenic effects of hesperetin (HES) alone and in combination with capecitabine (CAP) on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. The rats were given DMH at 20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/week for 12 weeks and were orally treated with HES (25 mg/kg b.w.) and/or CAP (200 mg/kg b.w.) every other day for 8 weeks. The DMH-administered rats exhibited colon-mucosal hyperplastic polyps, the formation of new glandular units and cancerous epithelial cells. These histological changes were associated with the significant upregulation of colon Ki67 expression and the elevation of the tumor marker, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), in the sera. The treatment of the DMH-administered rats with HES and/or CAP prevented these histological cancerous changes concomitantly with the decrease in colon-Ki67 expression and serum-CEA levels. The results also indicated that the treatments with HES and/or CAP showed a significant reduction in the serum levels of lipid peroxides, an elevation in the serum levels of reduced glutathione, and the enhancement of the activities of colon-tissue superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase. Additionally, the results showed an increase in the mRNA expressions of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-4, as well as the proapoptotic protein, p53, in the colon tissues of the DMH-administered rats treated with HES and/or CAP. The TGF-β1 decreased significantly in the DMH-administered rats and this effect was counteracted by the treatments with HES and/or CAP. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that both HES and CAP, singly or in combination, have the potential to exert chemopreventive effects against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis via the suppression of oxidative stress, the stimulation of the antioxidant defense system, the attenuation of inflammatory effects, the reduction in cell proliferation and the enhancement of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa K Hassan
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M El-Kalaawy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Sanaa M Abd El-Twab
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Alblihed
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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Cheng Y, Hou BH, Xie GL, Shao YT, Yang J, Xu C. Transient inhibition of mitochondrial function by chrysin and apigenin prolong longevity via mitohormesis in C. elegans. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 203:24-33. [PMID: 37023934 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Mild inhibition of mitochondrial function leads to longevity. Genetic disruption of mitochondrial respiratory components either by mutation or RNAi greatly extends the lifespan in yeast, worms, and drosophila. This has given rise to the idea that pharmacologically inhibiting mitochondrial function would be a workable strategy for postponing aging. Toward this end, we used a transgenic worm strain that expresses the firefly luciferase enzyme widely to evaluate compounds by tracking real-time ATP levels. We identified chrysin and apigenin, which reduced ATP production and increased the lifespan of worms. Mechanistically, we discovered that chrysin and apigenin transiently inhibit mitochondrial respiration and induce an early ROS, and the lifespan-extending effect is dependent on transient ROS formation. We also show that AAK-2/AMPK, DAF-16/FOXO, and SKN-1/NRF-2 are required for chrysin or apigenin-mediated lifespan extension. Temporary increases in ROS levels trigger an adaptive response in a mitohormetic way, thereby increasing oxidative stress capacity and cellular metabolic adaptation, finally leading to longevity. Thus, chrysin and apigenin represent a class of compounds isolated from natural products that delay senescence and improve age-related diseases by inhibiting mitochondrial function and shed new light on the function of additional plant-derived polyphenols in enhancing health and delaying aging. Collectively, this work provides an avenue for pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial function and the mechanism underlining their lifespan-extending properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bing-Hao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gui-Lin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ya-Ting Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Nofal AE, Okdah YA, Rady MI, Hassaan HZ. Gum Acacia attenuates cisplatin toxic effect spermatogenesis dysfunction and infertility in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124292. [PMID: 37030465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential benefits Gum Arabic/Acacia Senegal (GA) in mitigating the harmful effects of cisplatin (CP) on spermatogenesis and testicular health in male adult rats. A total of forty albino rats were used in the study and divided into four groups; control, GA, CP, and Co-treated group, which received both CP and GA concurrently. The results revealed that CP caused a significant increase in oxidative stress and a decrease in antioxidant levels (CAT, SOD, and GSH), which disturbed the testicular machinery. This caused significant histological and ultrastructural damage to the testicular structure, including atrophied seminiferous tubules with severely reduced germinal epithelium. Additionally, CP caused a decrease in reproductive hormones (testosterone and LH), a decline in nucleic proliferation PCNA immunoexpression, and an increase in cytoplasmic apoptotic Caspase-3 protein expression in testicular tissue, when compared to the control and GA groups. Moreover, The CP treatment impaired spermatogenesis and decreased sperm number and motility with abnormal morphology. However, co-administration of GA with CP mitigated the dysfunction in spermatogenesis and reversed testicular damage caused by CP through significantly (P < 0.01) reducing oxidative stress (MDA) and increasing the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH. Additionally, co-administration of GA elevated the levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone in blood sera, significantly (P < 0.01) improved the histometric measurements of seminiferous tubules diameter, their epithelial height, Johnsen's score of spermatogenesis, 4-level histological grading scale Cosentino's score, immunohistochemical expression of nucleic PCNA, and cytoplasmic Caspase-3 proteins. Furthermore, TEM examination confirmed the synergistic effect of GA in restoring the germinal epithelial cells ultrastructure, the elongated and transverse sections of spermatozoa in the lumen, and the interstitial tissue. All of these effects resulted in a significant improvement in sperm quality in the Co-treated animals compared with the CP group, as well as, a significant decline in the morphological abnormalities of sperm in Co-treated rats compared to those in the CP group. GA is a valuable agent for ameliorating chemotherapy-related infertility.
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Multi-Mechanistic and Therapeutic Exploration of Nephroprotective Effect of Traditional Ayurvedic Polyherbal Formulation Using In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010168. [PMID: 36672676 PMCID: PMC9855918 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on traditional therapeutic claims, NEERI KFT (a traditional Ayurvedic polyherbal preparation) has been innovatively developed in recent time on the decades of experience for treating kidney dysfunction. Due to the lack of scientific evidence, the present investigations are needed to support the rationale use of NEERI KFT. Considering the facts, the study investigated the nephroprotective effect of NEERI KFT against kidney dysfunction using in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches. In this study, phytochemical and network pharmacology studies were performed for the developed formulation to evaluate the molecular mechanism of NEERI KFT in the amelioration of kidney disease. In vitro nephroprotective and antioxidant effect of NEERI KFT was determined on HEK 293 cells against cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. In vivo nephroprotective effect of NEERI KFT was determined against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats, via assessing biochemical markers, antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, CASP-3, etc. The results showed that the compounds such as gallic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid are the major constituents of NEERI KFT, while network pharmacology analysis indicated a strong interaction between polyphenols and several genes (CASPs, ILs, AGTR1, AKT, ACE2, SOD1, etc.) involved in the pathophysiology of kidney disease. In vivo studies showed a significant (p < 0.05) ameliorative effect on biochemical markers and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, etc.), and regulates inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, CASP-3) expression in kidney tissue. Hence, it can be concluded that NEERI KFT subsequently alleviates renal dysfunction mediated by cisplatin via attenuating oxidative and inflammatory stress, thus preserving the normalcy of kidney function.
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Alsawaf S, Alnuaimi F, Afzal S, Thomas RM, Chelakkot AL, Ramadan WS, Hodeify R, Matar R, Merheb M, Siddiqui SS, Vazhappilly CG. Plant Flavonoids on Oxidative Stress-Mediated Kidney Inflammation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121717. [PMID: 36552226 PMCID: PMC9774981 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is susceptible to reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular injury resulting in glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular cell apoptosis, and senescence, leading to renal failure, and is a significant cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress-mediated inflammation is a key player in the pathophysiology of various renal injuries and diseases. Recently, flavonoids' role in alleviating kidney diseases has been reported with an inverse correlation between dietary flavonoids and kidney injuries. Flavonoids are plant polyphenols possessing several health benefits and are distributed in plants from roots to leaves, flowers, and fruits. Dietary flavonoids have potent antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties and play essential roles in disease prevention. Flavonoids exert a nephroprotective effect by improving antioxidant status, ameliorating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and reducing oxidative stress, by acting as Nrf2 antioxidant response mediators. Moreover, flavonoids play essential roles in reducing chemical toxicity. Several studies have demonstrated the effects of flavonoids in reducing oxidative stress, preventing DNA damage, reducing inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting apoptosis-mediated cell death, thereby preventing or improving kidney injuries/diseases. This review covers the recent nephroprotective effects of flavonoids against oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in the kidney and their clinical advancements in renal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seba Alsawaf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatema Alnuaimi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Afzal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rinku Mariam Thomas
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawad Hodeify
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachel Matar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maxime Merheb
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shoib Sarwar Siddiqui
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-7-246-8842
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Nazeer HY, Iqbal MO, Mumtaz A, Ahmed MM, Riaz R, Rasool MF. In vivo antioxidants, chemical characterization and biochemical and MedicinalPotential of Murraya koenigii inCisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:566-574. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2140352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Omer Iqbal
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong-266003, China
- Royal Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Multan, Pakistan
| | - Asma Mumtaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Masood Ahmed
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Times Institute Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Romana Riaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
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Mentese A, Alemdar NT, Livaoglu A, Ayazoglu Demir E, Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S. Suppression of cisplatin-induced ovarian injury in rats by chrysin: an experimental study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:3584-3590. [PMID: 36193760 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2130201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic efficacy of chrysin (CHS) against ovotoxicity caused by intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin (CDDP) in rats. In this experimental study, 24 female rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, CHS (2 mg/kg), CDDP (5 mg/kg) and CDDP (5 mg/kg) + CHS (2 mg/kg). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined in the ovarian tissues using spectrophotometric methods. In addition, the ovarian samples were evaluated histopathologically by hematoxylin&eosin staining. The results revealed that the levels of MDA, TOS, IL-6 and MPO significantly increased by CDDP administration compared with control group (p < 0.05). Also, it was found that CDDP significantly decreased TAS and SOD levels (p < 0.05). CHS ameliorated CDDP-induced the increased levels of MDA, TOS, IL-6, MPO and increased the levels of TAS and SOD significantly (p < 0.05). Histological findings also supported the therapeutic effect of CHS against CDDP-induced ovarian damage parameters. In conclusion, our results showed that CHS exhibits a therapeutic effect against CDDP-induced ovotoxicity and therefore the use of CHS after chemotherapy may improve the side effets of CDDP. IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known about this subject? Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective and widely used chemotherapeutic agent to treat various malignancies, but its therapeutic use is limited due to dose-related tissue toxicity. Chrysin (CHS), a natural flavone, exhibits various beneficial activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. There are increasing evidences in the literature that CHS reduces the toxicity of various chemotherapeutic agents, such as CDDP, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, in colon, kidney and liver tissues through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.What do the results of this study add? This study demonstrated that CHS can abolish CDDP-induced in vivo ovarian injury by decreasing MDA, TOS, IL-6 and MPO levels and increasing SOD and TAS levels through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study revealed the therapeutic potential of CHS against CDDP-induced acute ovotoxicity, for the first time. Further pre-clinical studies are necessary to prove the beneficial effect of CHS on the prevention of CDDP-induced ovarian toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.,Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ayten Livaoglu
- Department of Pathology, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Ali A, Ali A, Ahmad W, Amir M, Ashraf K, Wahab S, Alam P, Abutahir, Ahamad A. Nephroprotective effect of polyphenol-rich extract of Costus spicatus in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:189. [PMID: 35903285 PMCID: PMC9314513 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Costus spicatus (spiked spiralflag ginger) is traditionally utilised for its advantages such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, diuretic, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. However, there is no scientific evidence on the nephroprotective potential of this plant. Thus, this study tested the nephroprotective effect of the polyphenol-rich extract of Costus spicatus leaves (PCSL) using preclinical models, including the HeK cell line and Wistar albino rats against cisplatin-induced toxicity. It also determined the polyphenolic compounds using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). PCSL showed significant (p < 0.05) nephroprotective potential against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in HeK cells. Moreover, in vivo studies revealed significant (p < 0.05) amelioration in serum biochemical markers and antioxidant enzymes against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. PCSL significantly inhibited the level of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Moreover, PCSL restored the damage of the kidney tissues and ameliorated interstitial haemorrhage, congestion in capillaries, inflammatory cell infiltration, vacuolated cytoplasm, and tubular epithelial injury with widened Bowman's space. In addition, HPTLC analysis revealed that PCSL comprised polyphenolic compounds such as caffeic acid, quercetin, and ferulic acid. In conclusion, PCSL exerted nephroprotective potential by modulating the expression of inflammation, oxidative stress, and histological architecture of kidney tissues. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03233-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amena Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, 34222 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamran Ashraf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abutahir
- Hakikullah Chaudhary College of Pharmacy, Gharighat, Gonda, 271312 U.P India
| | - Adil Ahamad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
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Mittal D, Singh A, Kohli K, Verma AK. Engineering biosafe cisplatin loaded nanostructured lipid carrier: optimisation, synthesis, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:522-538. [PMID: 36327982 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2131919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Low aqueous solubility, adverse effects of Cisplatin includes hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity necessitates development of nanoparticulate drug delivery. The study pertains to development of CisNLC (Cisplatin loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier) by ultrasonication. Physical characterisation includes particle size, zeta potential, TEM, SEM-EDX, DSC. Its ex vivo biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution along with acute toxicity induced oxidative stress in Balb/c mice were evaluated. The mean particle diameter of CisNLC was observed to be 141.5 ± 3.86 nm with zeta potential of -41.5 ± 1.62 mV. In vitro release studies at pH 7.4 and 5.8 showed burst release following a sustained release pattern post-72 h. CisNLC showed anticancer efficacy against PA-1. Negligible ex vivo haemolysis indicated bio-compatibility. Improved pharmacokinetics of CisNLC was observed. Acute toxicity and oxidative stress evaluation proved negligible toxicity by CisNLC. The formulated CisNLC had a good physical stability, biocompatible, indicated enhanced circulation and caused negligible toxicity on liver and kidney as compared to pure Cis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Mittal
- Nanobiotech Lab, Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Archu Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Kamra Verma
- Nanobiotech Lab, Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Anbar HS, Shehab NG, El-Rouby NM, Ansari MA, Chenoth H, Majeed M, Naeem K, Hersi F, Omar HA. Upadacitinib protects against cisplatin-induced renal and hepatic dysfunction without impairing its anticancer activity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 172:106149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Iqbal MO, Ahmed MM, Arshad S, Javaid U, Khan IA, Manzoor M, Andleeb S, Riaz R, Munawar SH, Manzoor Z, Mumtaz A. Nephroprotective Effects of Alhagi camelorum against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Wistar Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030941. [PMID: 35164206 PMCID: PMC8838076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alhagi camelorum (AC) is an old plant with a significant therapeutic value throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The overuse of cisplatin (Cis > 50 mg/m2) is associated with observed nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrotoxicity, myelosuppression, and allergic reactions. Remedial measures are needed for the protection of nephrotoxicity against cisplatin. Thus, we investigated the nephroprotective effects of AC plant extract to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino Wistar rats. The presence of polyphenols, phenolic compounds, tannins, and saponins was revealed during phytochemical investigation, and a significantly intense antioxidant activity was recorded. There were no toxicological symptoms in the treated rats, and no anatomical, physiological, or histological abnormalities were found compared to the control rats. The results of correcting cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity revealed that the extract has a significant ability to treat kidney damage, with most parameters returning to normal after only three weeks of therapy. It is concluded that co-administration of cisplatin with AC extract showed exceptional nephroprotective effects at a dose of 600 mg/kg for Cis-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Omer Iqbal
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Fatima Tu Zahara Department of Life Sciences, Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan 60000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.O.I.); (I.A.K.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Muhammad Masood Ahmed
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.M.A.); (M.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Times Institute Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Shafia Arshad
- Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 93100, Pakistan;
| | - Usman Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Ahmad Khan
- Fatima Tu Zahara Department of Life Sciences, Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan 60000, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.O.I.); (I.A.K.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Majid Manzoor
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.M.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Shumaila Andleeb
- Southern Punjab Institute of Health Sciences, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Romana Riaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (R.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Shaukat Hussain Munawar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (M.O.I.); (I.A.K.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Zahid Manzoor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Asma Mumtaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (R.R.); (A.M.)
- Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan 60000, Pakistan
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Küçükler S, Kandemir FM, Yıldırım S. Protective effect of chrysin on indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in rats: role of multi-pathway regulation. Biotech Histochem 2022; 97:490-503. [PMID: 35026960 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2021.2014569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the potential gastroprotective effects of chrysin on indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in rats. We used six groups of animals: control; indomethacin (Indo); reference (Ulcuran®); indomethacin + 25 mg/kg chrysin (Indo + CHR25); indomethacin + 50 mg/kg chrysin (Indo + CHR50); indomethacin + 100 mg/kg chrysin (Indo + CHR100). All doses of chrysin were given orally to rats before indomethacin. Gastric lesions were examined macroscopically and microscopically. The effects of treatment with chrysin were assessed versus a single dose of 30 mg/kg Ulcuran® (generic ranitidine) as reference standard. We also investigated gastric mucosal superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), malonaldehyde (MDA) and arginase activities, and COX-2, PGE2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, NFκB, MPO, Bax, caspase-3 and 8-OHdG levels. We assessed caspase-3 and Bax levels using immunohistochemistry. Compared to the control and reference groups, SOD, CAT, GPx and arginase activities and GSH levels decreased, and MDA levels increased in the indomethacin induced gastric ulcer group. iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, NFκB, MAPK-14, MPO, Bax and 8-OHdG levels were increased in the indomethacin treated gastric group, while COX-2 activity and PGE2 levels were decreased. The three doses of chrysin co-administered with indomethacin increased COX-2 activity and PGE2 levels in rats with ulcers. Chrysin exhibited gastroprotective effects on indomethacin induced gastric ulcer due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Mehrzadi S, Goudarzi M, Fatemi I, Basir Z, Malayeri A, Khalili H. Chrysin attenuates sodium arsenite-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101657. [PMID: 34628213 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to study the beneficial property of chrysin (CHR) by targeting its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on nephrotoxicity induced by sodium arsenite (SA). MATERIALS & METHODS We have used the 35 male Wistar rats in five equal groups (n = 7). Normal saline in (5 ml/kg; p.o.; 21 days) was given to the control group. Sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg; p.o.; 14 days) was given to the SA group. CHR (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg; p.o.; 21 days) and SA (10 mg/kg; p.o.; 14 days from the 7th day of the experiment) was given to the SA + CHR 25, 50 and 100 groups. On the 22nd day of the experiment, the animals' bloods and kidneys were taken, and then we have performed functional, biochemical and histological assessment. RESULTS CHR pre- and alongside administration (more potently at dose of 100 mg/kg) with SA reduced the SA-induced alterations in serum creatinine and blood urine nitrogen levels. Increased levels of protein carbonyl, myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in kidney tissue were decreased by CHR treatment. CHR administration increased the levels of glutathione and activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase in renal tissue. Moreover, treatment with CHR reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators including interleukin 1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha in renal tissue. The renal histological lesions induced SA were mitigated by CHR treatment in dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION The results of present study suggested that administration of CHR before and alongside with SA attenuated the renal toxic effects of SA via antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Basir
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Malayeri
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Nab'a Al-Hayat Health Research Center, Nab'a Al-Hayat Foundation for Medical Sciences and Health Care, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Hamidreza Khalili
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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18
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Gao S, Siddiqui N, Etim I, Du T, Zhang Y, Liang D. Developing nutritional component chrysin as a therapeutic agent: Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics consideration, and ADME mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112080. [PMID: 34449320 PMCID: PMC8653576 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysin is a promising naturally occurring flavonoid mainly found in honey and propolis. Although chrysin's biological activities have been demonstrated and the mechanism of actions has been determined using in vitro and in vivo models, results from the current clinical studies were largely negative. A potential reason for chrysin's low efficacy in humans is poor oral bioavailability. In this paper, we reviewed the preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetics studies of chrysin and analyzed the mechanism of poor in vivo efficacy with emphasis on its bioavailability and ADME mechanism. Low aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism mediated by UGTs and SULT, efficient excretion through efflux transporters including BCRP and MRP2 are the major reasons causing poor systemic bioavailability for chrysin. However, because of efficient enterohepatic recycling facilitated by phase II metabolism and efflux, chrysin's bioavailability in the low GI tract is high. Thus, chrysin can be ideal for treating diseases in the terminal ileum and colon (e.g., carcinoma, local infection) since it is localized in the lower GI tract with limited delivery to other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004.
| | - Nyma Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Imoh Etim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Ting Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
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Amir Siddiqui M, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Uddin S, Chandrashekharan SM, Ahmad M, Khan MI, Khalid M. Chrysin modulates protein kinase IKKε/TBK1, insulin sensitivity and hepatic fatty infiltration in diet-induced obese mice. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:194-207. [PMID: 34350600 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B cells (NF-κB) activation causes induction of the noncanonical IκB kinases (I-kappa-B kinase epsilon (IKKε) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in liver and fat after high fat diet which followed activating of cascade of counter-inflammation that conserves energy storage. Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), a natural flavonoid, present in many plants, honey and propolis, used conventionally to treat numerous ailments. The present study was aimed to identify the protective role of chrysin on the glucose lowering and insulin sensitivity in diet induced obese (DIO) mice by regulating IKKε/TBK1. Chrysin administered therapeutically (60, 100, 200 mg/kg body weight) and preventive mode (200 mg/kg body weight) for 4 and 10 weeks respectively to DIO mice. At last fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, serum lipid profile, as well as the expression level of IKKε/TBK1 and triglyceride in the liver tissue were assessed. DIO mice showed impaired glucose tolerance, reduced weight gain, elevated hepatic IKKε/TBK1 expression, fatty acid infiltration triglyceride and increased in plasma insulin and glucose. Chrysin in both therapeutic and preventive mode normalized the altered levels of the same. Overall chrysin improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity through regulating expression of IKKε/TBK1 in liver of DIO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Badruddeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Pondugula SR, Salamat JM, Abbott KL, Flannery PC, Majrashi M, Almaghrabi M, Govindarajulu M, Ramesh S, Onteru SK, Sandey M, Huang CC, Gill K, Narayanan N, McElroy E, Desai D, Nadar R, Moore T, Nagabhushanam K, Majeed M, Dhanasekaran M. Oroxylum indicum extract, at a physiologically relevant dosage, does not induce hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6J mice. Nat Prod Commun 2021; 16. [PMID: 34306298 DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211016966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Botanical supplements have been proven to provide beneficial health effects. However, they can induce unintended adverse events such as hepatotoxicity. Oroxylum indicum extract (OIE, Sabroxy®) has several health benefits including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antifungal, antibacterial, and neuroprotective effects. It is currently unknown whether OIE has the potential to induce hepatotoxicity. Purpose In the current study, we sought to determine whether OIE can induce hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6J mouse model. Methods The male mice were fed powdered rodent food (control group) or powdered rodent food mixed with OIE (Sabroxy®, 500mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks. Following the treatment, we assessed liver histology and serum levels of biomarkers commonly associated with liver damage, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Results No significant alterations were observed in liver histology, and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, albumin, globulin and total protein in the OIE fed mice compared to the control mice. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that OIE, when fed at its physiologically relevant dosage, does not induce hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana R Pondugula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Julia M Salamat
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Kodye L Abbott
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Patrick C Flannery
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Mohammed Majrashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Mohammed Almaghrabi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Suneel K Onteru
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn Univeristy, AL 36849, USA
| | - Chen-Che Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Kristina Gill
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Natasha Narayanan
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Edwin McElroy
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Darshini Desai
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Timothy Moore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | | | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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21
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Chang YH, Chiang YF, Chen HY, Huang YJ, Wang KL, Hong YH, Ali M, Shieh TM, Hsia SM. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Hyperuricemic Effects of Chrysin on a High Fructose Corn Syrup-Induced Hyperuricemia Rat Model via the Amelioration of Urate Transporters and Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040564. [PMID: 33917369 PMCID: PMC8067405 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is the main cause of gout and involved in the occurrence of many other diseases such as hyperlipidemia and hypertension correlated with metabolic disorders. Chrysin is a flavonoid compound found naturally in honey, propolis, and mushrooms and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, its mechanism of action is not clear yet. This study investigated the mechanism of chrysin’s anti-hyperuricemic effect in hyperuricemia-induced rats fed with high-fructose corn syrup. Orally administrated chrysin for 28 consecutive days effectively decreased uric acid by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) in the liver. Moreover, chrysin markedly downregulated the protein expression of uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter type 9 (GLUT9) and upregulated the protein expression of organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and human ATP-binding cassette subfamily G-2 (ABCG2). In addition, chrysin showed prominent anti-oxidative and inflammatory effects as the malondialdehyde (MDA) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) concentration was reduced in both rat kidney and serum, which aligned with the inhibition of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling pathway activation. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that chrysin exhibits potent anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects that may yield new adjuvant treatments for gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Chang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.H.)
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.H.)
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan;
| | - Yun-Ju Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.H.)
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 20301, Taiwan;
| | - Yong-Han Hong
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan;
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.H.)
- School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-273-61661-6558
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Ojha R, Mason D, Forsyth CM, Deacon GB, Junk PC, Bond AM. Diverse and unexpected outcomes from oxidation of the platinum(II) anticancer agent [Pt{(p-BrC 6F 4)NCH 2CH 2NEt 2}Cl(py)] by hydrogen peroxide. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 218:111360. [PMID: 33711633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of the anti-tumour agent [Pt{(p-BrC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)], 1 (py = pyridine) with hydrogen peroxide under a variety of conditions yields a range of organoenamineamidoplatinum(II) compounds [Pt{(p-BrC6F4)NCH=C(X)NEt2}Cl(py)] (X = H, Cl, Br) as well as species with shared occupancy involving H, Cl and Br. Thus, oxidation of the -CH2-CH2- backbone (dehydrogenation) occurs, often accompanied by substitution. Oxidation of 1 with H2O2 in acetone yielded 1:1 co-crystallized [Pt{(p-BrC6F4)NCH=CHNEt2}Cl(py)], 1H and [Pt{(p-BrC6F4)NCH=C(Cl)NEt2}Cl(py)], 1Cl. The former was obtained pure in low yield from the oxidation of 1 with (NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6] in acetone, and the latter was obtained from 1 and H2O2 in CH2Cl2 at near reflux. From the latter reaction under vigorous refluxing [Pt{(p-BrC6F4)NCH=C(Br)NEt2}Cl(py)], 1Br was isolated. In refluxing acetonitrile, oxidation of 1 with H2O2 yielded [Pt{(p-BrC6F4)NCH=C(H0.25Br0.75)NEt2}Cl(py)], 1H0.25Br0.75, in which the alkene is mainly substituted by Br in a dual occupancy. Treatment of 1 with H2O2 and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in acetone at room temperature formed [Pt{(p-HC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)], 2. Oxidation of [Pt{(p-HC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Br(py)], 3 with H2O2 in boiling acetonitrile gave the ligand oxidation product [Pt{(p-HC6F4)NCH=C(Br)NEt2}Br(py)], 3Br. All major products were identified by X-ray crystallography as well as by 1H and 19F NMR spectra. In cases of mixed crystals or dual occupancy compounds, the 19F and 1H NMR spectra showed dissociation into the components in the solution in the same proportions as in isolated crystalline material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Ojha
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Dayna Mason
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Craig M Forsyth
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Glen B Deacon
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia.
| | - Peter C Junk
- College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
| | - Alan M Bond
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia.
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Abdel-Rasol M, El-Beih NM, Yahya SMM, Ismail MA, El-Sayed WM. The Antitumor Activity of a Novel Fluorobenzamidine against Dimethylhydrazine- Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:450-463. [PMID: 31736450 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191021162411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. The incidence of deaths is expected to be 11.4 million in 2030. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and antitumor activities of a novel Bithiophene- Fluorobenzamidine (BFB) against DMH-induced colorectal cancer in rats. METHODS The antiproliferative activity of BFB against HCT-116 colon cancer cells and apoptotic genes was assessed. In vivo study was also conducted in which 80 adult male rats were divided into 5 groups; control, BFB, and the other 3 groups were injected with DMH (20mg/kg, s.c., for 9 weeks). Group 4 was injected with 5 doses of cisplatin (2.5mg/kg, i.p over 21 weeks) and group 5 was injected with 3 doses/week of BFB (2.5mg/kg, i.p, for 21 weeks). RESULTS BFB exhibited weak to moderate in vitro antioxidant activity. It had a strong antiproliferative activity with IC50 ~0.3µg/ml. BFB induced extrinsic apoptosis through the upregulation of FasL, TRAL, p53 and caspase-8, and intrinsic apoptosis through the downregulation of Bcl-2 and survivin. BFB decreased the tumor incidence, multiplicity and size and improved the decreased body weight. BFB also ameliorated the functions of kidney and liver and antioxidants deteriorated by DMH. BFB significantly improved the pathological changes caused by DMH in colon tissues. CONCLUSION BFB showed a very promising antitumor activity against colorectal cancer induced by DMH in rats without causing hepato- or nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abdel-Rasol
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ain Shams, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M El-Beih
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ain Shams, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa M M Yahya
- Department of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wael M El-Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ain Shams, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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Thongnuanjan P, Soodvilai S, Fongsupa S, Chabang N, Vivithanaporn P, Tuchinda P, Soodvilai S. Protective Effect of Panduratin A on Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Human Renal Proximal Tubular Cells and Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:830-837. [PMID: 34078815 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapy but its main side effect, acute kidney injury, limits its use. Panduratin A, a bioactive compound extracted from Boesenbergia rotunda, shows several biological activities such as anti-oxidative effects. The present study investigated the nephroprotective effect of panduratin A on cisplatin-induced renal injury. METHODS We investigated the effect of panduratin A on the toxicity of cisplatin in both mice and human renal cell cultures using RPTEC/TERT1 cells. RESULTS The results demonstrated that panduratin A ameliorates cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in both mice and RPTEC/TERT1 cells by reducing apoptosis. Mice treated with a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg body weight (BW)) exhibited renal tubule injury and impaired kidney function as shown by histological examination and increased serum creatinine. Co-administration of panduratin A (50 mg/kg BW) orally improved kidney function and ameliorated renal tubule injury of cisplatin by inhibiting activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and caspase 3. In human renal proximal tubular cells, cisplatin induced cell apoptosis by activating pro-apoptotic proteins (ERK1/2 and caspase 3), and reducing the anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). These effects were significantly ameliorated by co-treatment with panduratin A. Interestingly, panduratin A did not alter intracellular accumulation of cisplatin. It did not alter the anti-cancer efficacy of cisplatin in either human colon or non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights panduratin A has a potential protective effect on cisplatin's nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penjai Thongnuanjan
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Mahidol University
| | - Sirima Soodvilai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University
| | - Somsak Fongsupa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus
| | - Napason Chabang
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
| | - Pornpun Vivithanaporn
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
| | | | - Sunhapas Soodvilai
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Mahidol University
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University
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25
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Afzal SM, Vafa A, Rashid S, Barnwal P, Shahid A, Shree A, Islam J, Ali N, Sultana S. Protective effect of hesperidin against N,N'-dimethylhydrazine induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic response in the colon of Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 36:642-653. [PMID: 33289288 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin (HD), a citrus bioflavonoid possesses a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-carcinogenic properties. In the present study, we investigated the effect of HD treatment on N,N'-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and goblet cell disintegration in the colon of Wistar rats. Administration of HD was done at two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) orally to rats daily for 14 days followed by a single subcutaneous injection of DMH (40 mg/kg body weight) on the 14th day and next day animals were sacrificed. The protective potential of HD against colon toxicity was measured through membrane oxidation, antioxidant status, inflammatory and apoptotic markers expression, and histological changes. Results demonstrated that HD inhibited DMH mediated oxidative damage by diminishing the level of peroxidation of lipids and increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, and glutathione reductase. Moreover, HD attenuated inflammatory (NF-кB, IL-6, and COX-2) and apoptotic (p38-MAPK, p53, and caspase-3) markers expression. HD also attenuated the DMH induced goblet cell disintegration and restored histoarchitecture of the colon. The results of the present study demonstrate that HD efficiently protects against DMH induced colon toxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekh Mohammad Afzal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Vafa
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Preeti Barnwal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayaz Shahid
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Alpa Shree
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Johirul Islam
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
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26
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Abo-Elmaaty AMA, Behairy A, El-Naseery NI, Abdel-Daim MM. The protective efficacy of vitamin E and cod liver oil against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:44412-44426. [PMID: 32767013 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent against neoplasms, but its clinical utility is limited due to the side effects of its dose-dependent nephrotoxicity. Vitamin E (Vit E) and cod liver oil (CLO) are natural substances with chemoprotective effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of Vit E and/or CLO for CP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. This study involved 40 mature male Wistar albino rats that were equally allocated into eight groups: Veh, Vit E, CLO, Vit E + CLO, CP, Vit E + CP, CLO + CP, and Vit E + CLO + CP. The co-administration of Vit E and CLO significantly ameliorated CP-induced elevations in serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin- 6 (IL-6). Further, rats that received Vit E and/or CLO showed significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels in renal tissues, compared to CP-intoxicated rats. Additionally, the treatment restored the normal histological architecture (except for few cast formations) and upregulated the immunostaining area% of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) and downregulated the immunostaining area% of Bcl2 associated X protein (BAX) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The observed effects were stronger in the combination treatment group. The obtained data revealed that Vit E and CLO co-administration protects against the CP-induced AKI more than monotherapy with Vit E or CLO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M A Abo-Elmaaty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Nesma I El-Naseery
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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27
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Liu C, Ma X, Zhuang J, Liu L, Sun C. Cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin-based cancer treatment: What is the protective cognition that phytochemicals provide us? Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Feng X, Yu W, Cao L, Meng F, Cong M. A novel chrysin thiazole derivative polarizes macrophages to an M1 phenotype via targeting TLR4. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106986. [PMID: 33182070 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important cause of tumorigenesis and tumor development. M2 macrophages can promote tumor growth while M1 macrophages kill tumor cells, therefore, polarizing macrophages to achieve a functional M1 phenotype could effectively play its anti-tumor role. In the current study, we synthesized a novel chrysin derivative which is termed as ChR-TD. And we found ChR-TD might be a ligand of TLR4 that polarized the TAMs towards M1 phenotype and played its anti-tumor role. Further study indicated that ChR-TD reprogrammed the macrophages into an M1 phenotype via TLR4 activation. Moreover, ChR-TD activated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and promoted the NF-κB/p65 translocated into the nuclear, leading to the activation of NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokines release. In addition, type I interferon signaling was also activated by ChR-TD, leading to the expressions of IFN-α and IFN-β and its targeted genes NOS2, MCP-1 and IP-10 were significantly increased in macrophages. Importantly, these effects were disturbed in TLR4-/- macrophages, which are constructed by using CRISPR/Cas9 system. And the molecule docking simulation further indicated that ChR-TD could bind to TLR4 and might be a ligand of TLR4. Hence, these findings suggested that ChR-TD might be a ligand of TLR4 and can be used as a potential lead compound for tumors treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Feng
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China.
| | - Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lingsen Cao
- Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Fanda Meng
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Mulin Cong
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
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29
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Wu Z, Li C, Li Q, Li J, Lu X. Puerarin alleviates cisplatin-induced acute renal damage and upregulates microRNA-31-related signaling. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3122-3129. [PMID: 32855680 PMCID: PMC7444337 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (DDP) is a commonly used chemotherapy drug; however, the side effects associated with its use, particularly acute kidney injury (AKI), limit its clinical application. Puerarin is a natural flavonoid extracted from the Chinese medical herb Radix puerariae, which has been reported to alleviate DDP-induced nephrotoxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying puerarin regulation on microRNA (miR)-31-mediated signaling pathways in AKI remain unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the function of puerarin in a DDP-induced AKI rat model via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. The results demonstrated that DDP upregulated the levels of miR-31 in a concentration-dependent manner, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, DDP significantly increased blood urea nitrogen and malondialdehyde content, serum creatinine and histopathological changes, while significantly decreasing the expression levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase in kidney tissues. TUNEL and western blot analyses indicated that DDP increased the expression levels of apoptotic proteins and affected the Numb/Notch1 signaling pathway, which is downstream of miR-31. The effects induced by DDP were counteracted following treatment with puerarin. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that puerarin exhibits a renal protective effect against DDP-induced AKI by upregulating miR-31 expression and inhibiting the Numb/Notch1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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Proshkina E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4484. [PMID: 32599754 PMCID: PMC7350017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold. This leads to aging and the development of age-related diseases. There are several ways to counteract these changes: 1) prevention of DNA damage through stimulation of antioxidant and detoxification systems, as well as transition metal chelation; 2) regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, non-coding RNA activity and prevention of nuclear architecture alterations; 3) improving DNA damage response and repair; 4) selective removal of damaged non-functional and senescent cells. In the article, we have reviewed data about the effects of various trace elements, vitamins, polyphenols, terpenes, and other phytochemicals, as well as a number of synthetic pharmacological substances in these ways. Most of the compounds demonstrate the geroprotective potential and increase the lifespan in model organisms. However, their genome-protecting effects are non-selective and often are conditioned by hormesis. Consequently, the development of selective drugs targeting genome protection is an advanced direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Baykalir BG, Arslan AS, Mutlu SI, Parlak Ak T, Seven I, Seven PT, Yaman M, Gul HF. The protective effect of chrysin against carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney and liver tissue damage in rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 91:427-438. [PMID: 32349632 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of chrysin on oxidative status and histological alterations against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver and kidney tissue in rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups; the control, chrysin (100 mg/kg), CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg) and chrysin + CCl4 groups. Liver and kidney injuries were assessed by biochemical and histopathological examinations. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in tissues. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels were also measured in blood samples. MDA, serum TNF-α, AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels (p < 0.05) were significantly higher, and SOD activity and GSH level were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the CCl4 group than in the control group. Treatment with chrysin in the chrysin + CCl4 group decreased MDA, AST, ALT, creatinine, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05), and increased SOD activity, GSH levels (p < 0.05), and serum TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). In addition, body weight change (BWC) (p < 0.05) and feed intake (FI) were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the CCl4 group than in the control group. Moreover, treatment with chrysin increased BWC and FI in the chrysin + CCl4 group compared with that in the CCl4 group. These findings also confirmed by histopathological examination. The chrysin treatment ameliorated the CCl4-induced biochemical and pathological alterations. These results demonstrated that chrysin provided amelioration on the rat liver and kidney tissues CCl4-induced injury by increasing the antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Gul Baykalir
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Aslihan Sur Arslan
- Department of Veterinary, Vocational School of Kepsut, University of Balikesir, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Seda Iflazoglu Mutlu
- Department of Animal Nutrition & Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Tuba Parlak Ak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Munzur, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Ismail Seven
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Vocational School of Sivrice, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Pinar Tatli Seven
- Department of Animal Nutrition & Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mine Yaman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Fatih Gul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey
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32
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Zhou P, Hua F, Wang X, Huang JL. Therapeutic potential of IKK-β inhibitors from natural phenolics for inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:19-37. [PMID: 31894515 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is a chronic disease with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Previous studies have suggested that preventing inflammation serves an efficient role in protection against cardiovascular diseases. Modulation of IKK-β activity can be used to treat and control CVDs associated with chronic inflammation, which targets the phosphorylation of IκB following the release of the RelA complex, and then translocates to the nucleus, eventually triggering the transcription of several genes that induce chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. Most importantly, the IκB kinase (IKK) complex is involved in transcriptional activation by phosphorylating the inhibitory molecule IkBα, enabling activation of NF-κB. Phenolic compounds possess cardioprotective potential that may be related to modulating inflammatory responses involved in CVDs. The SystemsDock analysis was used to explore whether 38 active compounds inhibit IKK-β activity based on literature. Docking results showed that the top docking score of three chemical compounds were icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D in all compounds. Icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D are the most promising IKKβ inhibitors. These phytochemicals could be helpful to find the lead compounds on designing and developing novel cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Hua
- Pharmacy School, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China.,Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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Neuroprotective potential of chrysin in Parkinson's disease: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Neurochem Int 2020; 132:104612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Samarghandian S, Azimi-Nezhad M, Pourbagher Shahri AM, Farkhondeh T. Antidotal or protective effects of honey and one of its major polyphenols, chrysin, against natural and chemical toxicities. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2019; 90:533-550. [PMID: 31910181 PMCID: PMC7233771 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v90i4.7534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Honey and its polyphenolic compounds are of main natural antioxidants that have been used in traditional medicine. The aim of this review was to identify the protective effects of honey and chrysin (a polyphenol available in honey) against the chemical and natural toxic agents. METHOD The scientific databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched to identify studies on the antidotal effects of honey and chrysin against toxic agents. RESULTS This study found that honey had protective activity against toxic agents-induced organ damages by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis pathways. However, clinical trial studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of honey and chrysin as antidote agents in human intoxication. CONCLUSION Honey and chrysin may be effective against toxic agents. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Pingili RB, Pawar AK, Challa SR, Kodali T, Koppula S, Toleti V. A comprehensive review on hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of chrysin against various drugs and toxic agents. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:51-60. [PMID: 31085170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin belongs to the flavonoids and has been used as traditional medicine from ancient and has been reported to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties. The biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in the hepato- and nephroprotective activities of chrysin were discussed in this review. Chrysin exhibited hepatoprotective activity against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, carbon tetrachloride, cisplatin, d-galactosamine, doxorubicin, ethanol, lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine, methotrexate, ammonium chloride, paracetamol, diethylnitrosamine, streptozotocin, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, thioacetamide, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP), ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatotoxicity and nephroprotective activity against cisplatin, doxorubicin, paracetamol, gentamicin, streptazotocin, N-nitrosodiethyl amine, 5-fluorouracil, adenine, carbon tetrachloride, copper, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin, colistin, Nω-nitro-l-arginine-methylester and ethanol in various animal models due to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic activities. In this review, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms by which chrysin reduced the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of different toxicants. This will help the toxicologists, pharmacologists and chemists to develop new safer pharmaceutical products with chrysin and other toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Babu Pingili
- Research and Development, Department of Pharmacy, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Pharmacology, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - A Krishnamanjari Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Siva Reddy Challa
- Department of Pharmacology, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tanvija Kodali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sirisha Koppula
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vyshnavi Toleti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
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de Gomes MG, Del Fabbro L, Rossito Goes AT, Souza LC, Donato F, Boeira SP, Prigol M, Jesse CR. Blackberry juice anthocyanidins limit cisplatin-induced renal pathophysiology in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:137-143. [PMID: 31040041 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Some studies have showed that intake of blackberry juice (BBJ) can prevent urinary tract infections. However, there is a lack of studies that evaluate the mechanisms by which BBJ has protective effect. Thus, the aim of current study was to evaluate the effects of BBJ supplementation on cisplatin-induced renal pathophysiology in mice. Mice were supplemented with BBJ (10 mL/kg) for seven days. One hour after the last supplementation with BBJ, mice received cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Seventy-two hours after cisplatin administration, blood was collected and biochemical analysis were performed (urea and creatinine), kidney was dissected and utilized in histological and oxidative evaluations. Cisplatin caused severe injury in renal tissue, in markers of renal damage (urea and creatinine) generated increased of plasmatic levels. Besides that, the cisplatin induced decreased of enzymes activities in renal tissue (superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and catalase). In contrast, BBJ supplementation protected against histopathological alterations through decreased in urea and creatinine levels and modulation of catalase enzyme activity. Thus, BBJ supplementation protected the renal system of mice from deleterious effects. We suggest that high concentrations of Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and Cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside are responsible for antioxidant role of BBJ supplementation in renal pathophysiology induced by cisplatin exposure. Also, these results reinforcing the importance of including BBJ in the human diet aimed at preventing renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gomes de Gomes
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, RS, 97500-970, Brazil.
| | - Lucian Del Fabbro
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - André Tiago Rossito Goes
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro Cattelan Souza
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciele Donato
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvana Peterini Boeira
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Prigol
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Ricardo Jesse
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas, LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, CEP 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
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Pingili RB, Pawar AK, Challa SR. Effect of chrysin on the formation of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine, a toxic metabolite of paracetamol in rats and isolated rat hepatocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 302:123-134. [PMID: 30794797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Paracetamol (N-acetyl-para amino phenol) is the most commonly used analgesic and antipyretic around the world. Its causes hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity at overdose or even at therapeutic doses. It is primarily metabolized by glucuronidation and sulfate conjugation. It is also metabolized by cytochrome-P450 system (CYP2E1, CYP1A2 and CYP 3A4), leading to the formation of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI). The present study was planned to investigate the influence of chrysin (known CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 inhibitor) on the bioactivation of paracetamol to NAPQI using rat liver microsomes in vitro and rats in vivo. Paracetamol (80 mg/kg) was administered orally without or with silymarin (100 mg/kg), a known CYP2E1 inhibitor and chrysin (100 and 200 mg/kg) to rats for 15 consecutive days. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞) and the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of paracetamol were dose-dependently increased with chrysin (100 and 200 mg/kg) compared to paracetamol control group. On the other hand, the AUC0-∞ and Cmax of NAPQI were decreased significantly with chrysin (100 and 200 mg/kg). The elevated liver and kidney function markers were significantly reduced by chrysin and silymarin compared to paracetamol control group (P < 0.01). Histopathological studies of liver and kidney also well correlated with liver and kidney function tests. Chrysin also reduced the formation of NAPQI in the incubation samples of rat hepatocytes. The present study (both in vivo and in vitro) results revealed that chrysin might be inhibited the CYP2E1, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4-mediated metabolism of paracetamol; thereby decreased the formation of NAPQI and protected the liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Babu Pingili
- Research and Development, Department of Pharmacy, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Pharmacology, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - A Krishnamanjari Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Siva R Challa
- Department of Pharmacology, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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38
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Hanedan B, Ozkaraca M, Kirbas A, Kandemir FM, Aktas MS, Kilic K, Comakli S, Kucukler S, Bilgili A. Investigation of the effects of hesperidin and chrysin on renal injury induced by colistin in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1607-1616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Nosrati H, Salehiabar M, Bagheri Z, Rashidzadeh H, Davaran S, Danafar H. Preparation, characterization, and evaluation of amino acid modified magnetic nanoparticles: drug delivery and MRI contrast agent applications. Pharm Dev Technol 2018; 23:1156-1167. [PMID: 30320535 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2018.1536995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study is a report about the synthesis iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) which modified with positive and negative charged amino acids (AAs). l-Arginine (Arg) and l-aspartic acid (Asp) which have of guanidinium and carboxylic acid groups, respectively, were selected for this study. After loading chrysin in amino acids modified iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (F@AAs@Chrysin NPs), it was characterized by XRD, TGA, FTIR, VSM, and TEM techniques. Finally, MTT assays on HFF-2 and HEK-293 cell lines were performed for determination of biocompatibility of AA coated IONPs. The results show that, the ζ-potential and average size of F@Arg@chrysin NPs and F@Asp@chrysin NPs were to -3.87, -2.12 mV, 18.75 ± 2.40 (mean ± SD (n = 50)) nm, and 19.86 ± 2.22 (mean ± SD (n = 48)) nm, respectively. Also, the results indicated that these F@AAs@Chrysin NPs were appropriate for delivery of chrysin. Furthermore, the phantom MRI studies showed the IONPs can be used as contrast agent for the revealing of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nosrati
- a Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Marziyeh Salehiabar
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Zahra Bagheri
- a Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Hamid Rashidzadeh
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- c Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Hossein Danafar
- a Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
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Jabbari S, Ghamkhari A, Javadzadeh Y, Salehi R, Davaran S. Doxorubicin and chrysin combination chemotherapy with novel pH-responsive poly [(lactide-co-glycolic acid)-block-methacrylic acid] nanoparticle. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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41
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Vasaikar N, Mahajan U, Patil KR, Suchal K, Patil CR, Ojha S, Goyal SN. D-pinitol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 290:6-11. [PMID: 29752894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin has been widely used as a first-line agent against various forms of solid cancers. However, nephrotoxicity is the major limiting factor for its clinical use. Several clinical and pre-clinical studies have suggested different strategies for the reduction of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of D-Pinitol, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg) was used to induce nephrotoxicity in mice. Administration of cisplatin in mice is linked with elevated oxidative stress, imbalanced biochemical parameters, apoptosis and stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. D-Pinitol is a member of the flavonoid family and a chief constituent of Sutherlandia fruitesecnce. It was administered with saline water (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, p.o.) for seven consecutive days after a single dose of cisplatin. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and biochemical parameters in serum and urine were recorded. Kidneys were isolated for the estimation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, interlukin-6 levels and histopathological evaluations. It was noted that D-Pinitol significantly ameliorated biochemical levels of serum and urinary creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Tissue homogenate levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and the renal expression of tissue nitrites were also significantly decreased in D-Pinitol treated mice. These results were supplemented by histopathological findings. This study highlights the potential role of D-Pinitol against cisplatin-induced toxicity, exhibited through favorable alterations in biochemical and histological changes as well as reduction in oxidative stress and cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nita Vasaikar
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Umesh Mahajan
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kalpesh R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kapil Suchal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Chandragouda R Patil
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India; SVKM, Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, Maharashtra, India.
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Das S, Khanikar P, Hazarika Z, Rohman MA, Uzir A, Nath Jha A, Singha Roy A. Deciphering the Interaction of 5,7-Dihydroxyflavone with Hen-Egg-White Lysozyme through Multispectroscopic and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approaches. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Das
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Meghalaya 793003 India
| | - Portia Khanikar
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Meghalaya 793003 India
| | - Zaved Hazarika
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Tezpur University; Tezpur 784028 India
| | - Mostofa Ataur Rohman
- Centre for Advanced Studies; Department of Chemistry; North-Eastern Hill University; Shillong 793022 India
| | - Antara Uzir
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Meghalaya 793003 India
| | - Anupam Nath Jha
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Tezpur University; Tezpur 784028 India
| | - Atanu Singha Roy
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Meghalaya 793003 India
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Rogers LC, Davis RR, Said N, Hollis T, Daniel LW. Blocking LPA-dependent signaling increases ovarian cancer cell death in response to chemotherapy. Redox Biol 2018; 15:380-386. [PMID: 29331665 PMCID: PMC5767563 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The paradoxical role of reactive oxygen species in cell death versus cell survival establishes a delicate balance between chemotherapy efficacy and management of detrimental side effects. Normal proliferative signaling requires that cells remain inside a redox range that allows reversible protein oxidation to occur. Shifting the redox environment toward highly reducing or oxidizing states leads to cellular stress and cell death. Reactive oxygen species produced in response to Taxol and cisplatin treatment are necessary for effective cancer cell killing but the same ROS leads to damaging side effects in normal tissues. Combining antioxidants with chemotherapeutics to alleviate the unwanted side effects produces variable and often undesirable effects on cancer treatment. Here, we describe a more targeted method to improve ovarian cancer cell killing without the need for antioxidants. In ovarian cancer cells, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a prominent growth factor that contributes to tumor survival and proliferation. We find that blocking LPA-dependent signaling with a specific receptor antagonist consistently increases cell death in response to both Taxol and cisplatin. We propose that inhibiting the upregulated growth factor-dependent signaling in cancer cells will target chemo-insensitivity, potentially lowering the necessary dose of the drugs and preventing harmful side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- LeAnn C Rogers
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Ryan R Davis
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Naveen Said
- Dept. of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Thomas Hollis
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
| | - Larry W Daniel
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
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Shoieb SM, Esmat A, Khalifa AE, Abdel-Naim AB. Chrysin attenuates testosterone-induced benign prostate hyperplasia in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 111:650-659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Mani R, Natesan V. Chrysin: Sources, beneficial pharmacological activities, and molecular mechanism of action. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 145:187-196. [PMID: 29161583 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, public and scientific interest in plant flavonoids has tremendously increased because of their postulated health benefits. This review was mainly focuses on the flavone chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), which occurs naturally in many plants, honey, and propolis. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed the therapeutic effects of chrysin against various diseases. In general, chrysin exhibits many biological activities and pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activities. Moreover, many studies have reported on the bioavailability of chrysin. Because of its compromised bioavailability and enhanced protein stability, chrysin solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) synthesis avoids proteolytic degradation and sustained release of drug delivery. To clarify the mechanism of action of chrysin, researchers have investigated the structural binding relationship of chrysin through the docking computation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Mani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, India
| | - Vijayakumar Natesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, India.
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Chrysin Administration Protects against Oxidative Damage in Varicocele-Induced Adult Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2172981. [PMID: 29410731 PMCID: PMC5749274 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2172981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known as the leading factor responsible for varicocele-related infertility and for that reason, many antioxidant therapies have been proposed. Considering that, we evaluated the reproductive outcomes and fertility of varicocelized rats and the impact of chrysin within these parameters. The animals were allocated into three groups: sham (control), varicocele treated via gavage with 50 mg/kg/day of chrysin (V1), or vehicle (V2) for 56 days. Chrysin treatment prevented oxidative damage resulting from varicocele by decreasing testicular concentrations of malondialdehyde and sperm DNA fragmentation. It also improved histological aspect of the testis and maintained morphometric parameters similar to the sham group. Furthermore, there were no differences in body and reproductive organ weights, histopathological analysis of epididymis, sperm counts and morphology, testosterone levels, sexual behavior, and fertility parameters among experimental groups. Our results reinforce the idea that injuries provoked by experimental varicocele are related, at least in part, to oxidative stress. Moreover, varicocele showed bilateral deleterious effects without interfering with fertility. Chrysin administration significantly ameliorated sperm parameters, protecting the reproductive system against varicocele damages. For that reason, chrysin might be an alternative adjuvant therapy to improve sperm quality in men presenting this condition.
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Ma ZN, Liu Z, Wang Z, Ren S, Tang S, Wang YP, Xiao SY, Chen C, Li W. Supplementation of American ginseng berry extract mitigated cisplatin-evoked nephrotoxicity by suppressing ROS-mediated activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:62-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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In vivo cellular and molecular gastroprotective mechanisms of chrysin; Emphasis on oxidative stress, inflammation and angiogenesis. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 818:486-498. [PMID: 29126792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is one of the major gastrointestinal disorders affecting people worldwide. Despite medical advances, management of gastric ulcer and its complications remains a challenge facing medicine nowadays. In addition, currently available medicines exhibit limited efficacy and several side effects. In the current study, the potential protective effects of chrysin -naturally occurring flavonoid - were tested against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. It was found that chrysin in both doses; 50 and 100mg/kg were effective in promoting mucus secretion and preventing the rise in ulcer and lesion indices, acid production and histologic changes induced by indomethacin. During investigation of the possible underlying mechanisms, chrysin significantly attenuated indomethacin-induced oxidative injury and inflammatory response. Also, chrysin activated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-ɣ (PPAR-ɣ) leading to a phenotypic switch from pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages that evidenced by the upregulated mRNA expression levels of PPAR-ɣ and M2 marker genes (Arg-1 and CD206) and down regulation of M1 marker genes (IL-6 and CCL3). Furthermore, chrysin promoted angiogenesis via increasing expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and cluster of differentiation-31 (CD31). Collectively, these findings indicate that chrysin possesses a potential protective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer.
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Zeinali M, Meybodi NT, Rezaee SA, Rafatpanah H, Hosseinzadeh H. Protective effects of chrysin on sub-acute diazinon-induced biochemical, hematological, histopathological alterations, and genotoxicity indices in male BALB/c mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:270-280. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1384834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Zeinali
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Social Security Organization (SSO), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Naser Tayebi Meybodi
- Department of Pathology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research center, Division of Inflammatory Diseases, Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research center, Division of Inflammatory Diseases, Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Madakkannu B, Ravichandran R. In vivo immunoprotective role of Indigofera tinctoria and Scoparia dulcis aqueous extracts against chronic noise stress induced immune abnormalities in Wistar albino rats. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:484-493. [PMID: 28959678 PMCID: PMC5615165 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic noise stress was suppressed both innate and adaptive immune response of wistar albino rats. Noise stress also caused DNA damage in the liver and spleen tissues. Aqueous extracts of I. tinctoria and S. dulcis prevent the immune abnormalities caused by noise stress.
Indigofera tinctoria and Scoparia dulcis are being widely used in Indian folk medicine for the treatment of various disorders. Environmental noise pollution is thought to be an important factor for many health problems and it causes immune abnormalities. In the present study immune-regulating potential of I. tinctoria and S. dulcis aqueous extracts on innate and adaptive immune system of wistar albino rats was evaluated during normal and chronic noise induced stress conditions. The results demonstrated that both I. tinctoria and S. dulcis aqueous extracts (200 mg/kg b.w) showed immunostimulant effect on both innate and adaptive immune response of wistar albino rat compared to control group under normal condition. The noise stress (100 dB for 1 h, 20 days) induced animals showed suppressive effects on immune response by decreasing macrophage phagocytosis, antibody secretion by spleen cells, humoral immune response, proliferation of lymphocytes, cytotoxicity, TNF α expression, granzyme B and perforin expression in splenic NK cells. Similarly, noise stress also caused DNA damage in tissues. However, the suppressed effects induced by noise stress on rat immune system were significantly prevented by oral administration of both I. tinctoria and S. dulcis aqueous extracts. Considering all these results it is suggested that the selected medicinal plant’s aqueous extracts have the potential to prevent the effects of noise stress induced rat immune system and explore a strong immunostimulant potential applicable to clinical practices.
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