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Elafros MA, Callaghan BC, Skolarus LE, Vileikyte L, Lawrenson JG, Feldman EL. Patient and health care provider knowledge of diabetes and diabetic microvascular complications: a comprehensive literature review. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:221-239. [PMID: 36322296 PMCID: PMC10202021 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy occur in more than 50% of people with diabetes, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality. Patient understanding of these microvascular complications is essential to ensure early recognition and treatment of these sequalae as well as associated symptoms, yet little is known about patient knowledge of microvascular sequalae. In this comprehensive literature review, we provide an overview of existing knowledge regarding patient knowledge of diabetes, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. We also discuss health care provider's knowledge of these sequalae given that patients and providers must work together to achieve optimal care. We evaluated 281 articles on patient and provider knowledge of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy as well as predictors of improved knowledge and screening practices. Results demonstrated that patient and provider knowledge of microvascular sequalae varied widely between studies, which may reflect sociocultural or methodologic differences. Knowledge assessment instruments varied between studies with limited validation data and few studies controlled for confounding. Generally, improved patient knowledge was associated with greater formal education, longer diabetes duration, and higher socioeconomic status. Fewer studies examined provider knowledge of sequalae, yet these studies identified multiple misconceptions regarding appropriate screening practices for microvascular complications and the need to screen patients who are asymptomatic. Further investigations are needed that use well validated measures, control for confounding, and include diverse populations. Such studies will allow identification of patients and providers who would benefit from interventions to improve knowledge of microvascular complications and, ultimately, improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lesli E Skolarus
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Loretta Vileikyte
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Endocrinology and Dermatology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John G Lawrenson
- School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Hu H, Xu Y, Shao Y, Liang Y, Wang Q, Luo S, Lu H, Meng H, Liu C. A latent profile analysis of residents' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward common chronic diseases among ethnic minority area in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:940619. [PMID: 35958853 PMCID: PMC9357989 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.940619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHealth literacy plays an important role in preventing and managing chronic diseases, while low levels of health literacy among ethnic minorities are a major manifestation of health inequities. We believe that before effective health literacy intervention strategies, it is preferable to understand the features of health literacy among ethnic minorities. The present study firstly updated insights on health literacy among ethnic minorities by investigating the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) profile of common chronic diseases in ethnic minority areas, and secondly discussed the KAP profiles in detail to inspire future health education interventions.MethodsA cross-sectional, health-literacy-sensitive study was conducted in China's typical ethnic minority area. Participants included 801 adult residents who lived in the ethnic minority area. The primary outcome was participant scores on the KAP questionnaire of common chronic diseases, followed by latent profile analysis to identify participants with similar KAP score patterns and determine whether membership in specific groups was associated with demographic or clinical characteristics.ResultsThe participants included 496 ethnic minorities (61.9%) and 305 Han Chinese (38.1%). Three-profile solution was determined after the latent profile analysis: incomplete transfer [I.T.] (n = 215), better practice [B.P.] (n = 301), and average [A.V.] (n = 285). IT group (26.84%) was characterized by the highest level of knowledge and attitude toward common chronic diseases and below average level for practice. Participants in B.P. group performed poorly in both knowledge and attitude toward common chronic diseases but had the highest level of practice. A.V. group reflected average knowledge, attitude, and practice toward common chronic diseases among three subgroups. Ethnic minorities were the dominant population in A.V. group (68.8%). Compared with other groups, the A.V. group contained the largest proportions of married participants (84.2%), participants with no formal education (46.7%), and high annual out-of-pocket medical expense (33.3%).ConclusionA more specific and nuanced understanding of minority health literacy can enable service providers to provide more effective health education to their recipients, thereby improving health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqin Hu
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihua Xu
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yihua Xu
| | - Yingshan Shao
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaxin Liang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Shunmei Luo
- Lincang Second People's Hospital, Lincang, China
| | - Heyun Lu
- Lincang Second People's Hospital, Lincang, China
| | - Heng Meng
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenxi Liu
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Chenxi Liu
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Awwad KA, Abu-Khader IR. Cross-Sectional Study Concerning the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of People With Diabetes Regarding the Prevention of Foot Ulcers in a Community. Clin Diabetes 2022; 40:298-304. [PMID: 35979326 PMCID: PMC9331621 DOI: 10.2337/cd21-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Foot ulceration is a serious problem among people with diabetes. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of 483 people with diabetes with regard to the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire, and logistic regression was carried out to predict the effect of statistically significant independent variables on the scores of dependent variables. A significant association was found between knowledge and attitude about DFU prevention. Individuals who were unmarried were more likely to have higher knowledge scores than those who were married, and those who had university and secondary education were more likely to have higher attitude and practice scores than other groups. Overall, however, only a small percentage of study participants achieved high scores for knowledge, practice, and attitude in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalaf Abdelfattah Awwad
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Imad Rasheed Abu-Khader
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
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Sharma PK, Rajpal N, Upadhyay S, Shaha D, Deo N. Status of diabetes control and knowledge about diabetes in patients. ENDOCRINOLOGIA, DIABETES Y NUTRICION 2021; 68:716-727. [PMID: 34924160 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are a number of studies in the literature which show that knowledge about the diabetes mellitus is related to socioeconomic status, education, duration of diabetes, age, sex, and family history. The above facts have prompted us to evaluate the status of knowledge of diabetes in our patients at the diabetic clinic Vivekananda Polyclinic and Institute of Medical Sciences (VPIMS), Lucknow, India. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the knowledge of diabetes among the suffering with people with type-2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with diabetes control. METHODS The participants' knowledge about diabetes and their understanding about control and complications of diabetes were assessed by a standardized questionnaire. The data was collected at a single, routine visit of the patient to the diabetic clinic at VPIMS, Lucknow, India over a period of 1 year after detailed clinical examination and relevant investigations. RESULT Only 50% of the patients know what diabetes is, 46% know it is a hereditary disease, 68.8% know about its symptoms, 50% have complete knowledge about complications, 45.2%, know simple treatments of diabetes. Among educated graduate and professional category majority of subjects (62.5%) had good level of knowledge about diabetes which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Those having frequent/regular exercise, having higher education and shorter duration of diabetes had a better control over postprandial (PP) blood sugar as compared to those having occasional/no exercise and lower level of education (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The findings indicate a greater need for behavioral change to control diabetes and its associated threats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naresh Rajpal
- Vivekanand Polyclinic, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India
| | - Shushil Upadhyay
- Vivekanand Polyclinic, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India; Saha Hospital, Sector D, LDA Colony, Kanpur Road, Lucknow 226012, India
| | - Devashish Shaha
- Vivekanand Polyclinic, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India; Hospital Nirala Nagar, Railway Crossing Road, Bans Mandi, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India
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Sharma PK, Rajpal N, Upadhyay S, Shaha D, Deo N. Status of diabetes control and knowledge about diabetes in patients. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2021; 68:S2530-0164(21)00102-6. [PMID: 33985933 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are a number of studies in the literature which show that knowledge about the diabetes mellitus is related to socioeconomic status, education, duration of diabetes, age, sex, and family history. The above facts have prompted us to evaluate the status of knowledge of diabetes in our patients at the diabetic clinic Vivekananda Polyclinic and Institute of Medical Sciences (VPIMS), Lucknow, India. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the knowledge of diabetes among the suffering with people with type-2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with diabetes control. METHODS The participants' knowledge about diabetes and their understanding about control and complications of diabetes were assessed by a standardized questionnaire. The data was collected at a single, routine visit of the patient to the diabetic clinic at VPIMS, Lucknow, India over a period of 1 year after detailed clinical examination and relevant investigations. RESULT Only 50% of the patients know what diabetes is, 46% know it is a hereditary disease, 68.8% know about its symptoms, 50% have complete knowledge about complications, 45.2%, know simple treatments of diabetes. Among educated graduate and professional category majority of subjects (62.5%) had good level of knowledge about diabetes which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Those having frequent/regular exercise, having higher education and shorter duration of diabetes had a better control over postprandial (PP) blood sugar as compared to those having occasional/no exercise and lower level of education (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The findings indicate a greater need for behavioral change to control diabetes and its associated threats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naresh Rajpal
- Vivekanand Polyclinic, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India
| | - Shushil Upadhyay
- Vivekanand Polyclinic, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India; Saha Hospital, Sector D, LDA Colony, Kanpur Road, Lucknow 226012, India
| | - Devashish Shaha
- Vivekanand Polyclinic, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India; Hospital Nirala Nagar, Railway Crossing Road, Bans Mandi, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow 226020, India
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Ababneh A, Finlayson K, Lazzarini P, Edwards H. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Reliability Testing of Arabic Versions of Several Diabetic Foot Psychosocial Scales. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2021; 22:385-392. [PMID: 33960851 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211016699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The main aims of this study were cross-cultural adaptation and reliability testing of an Arabic version of Foot Care Confidence Scale (FCCS), Foot Care Outcomes Expectations Scale (FCOES), Patient Interpretation of Neuropathy Scales (PINS), Neuropathy-specific Quality of Life Scales (NQOLS), and offloading-related Visual Analog Scales (VAS). Two phases of translation and reliability testing were conducted in Jordan. Phase 1 included 2 forward and backward translations with 2 panel consensuses (translators, clinicians, and experts). In Phase 2, Cronbach's alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to test the internal consistency and stability (test-retest) of the Arabic scales in a sample of a total of 90 Jordanian participants with diabetic foot ulcers. Phase 1 resulted in Arabic translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the study scales. Phase 2 resulted in acceptable internal consistency of the translated scales (α = 0.74-0.91), except for the PIN "self/practitioner blame" and "acute ulcer onset" scales (α = 0.57, 0.49, respectively). Test-retest results (ICC) were: FCCS (0.85); FCOES (0.78); PINS (0.043-0.85); NQOLS (0.76-0.90); and offloading-related VAS (0.43-0.90). This study showed evidence of cultural appropriateness and reliability of most of the translated scales, for possible future implementation for the Arabic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Ababneh
- 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Healthcare Transformation, 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathleen Finlayson
- 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Healthcare Transformation, 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Lazzarini
- 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Healthcare Transformation, 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Metro North Health Service District & Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Helen Edwards
- 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Healthcare Transformation, 1969Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Pourkazemi A, Ghanbari A, Khojamli M, Balo H, Hemmati H, Jafaryparvar Z, Motamed B. Diabetic foot care: knowledge and practice. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:40. [PMID: 32192488 PMCID: PMC7083045 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-0512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common problems in diabetes. One of the most important factors affecting the quality of diabetes care is knowledge and practice. The current study aimed at determining the knowledge and practice of patients with diabetes regarding the prevention and care of DFUs. METHODS The current analytical, cross sectional study was conducted in Guilan Province (north of Iran) on 375 patients registered in the medical records as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Demographic characteristics, knowledge, and practice of participants were recorded in a questionnaire during face-to-face interviews conducted by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS version18. RESULTS The mean score of knowledge was 8.63 ± 2.5 out of 15, indicating that the majority of participants had a poor knowledge (84.8%). The mean practice score was 7.6 ± 2.5 out of 15, indicating that a half of them had poor performance (49.6%). There was a significant and direct correlation between knowledge and practice. Knowledge level, place of residence, marital status, and history of admission due to diabetic foot were predictors of practice score. CONCLUSIONS According to the low level of knowledge and practice in patients with diabetes regarding the prevention and care of DFUs, and considering the significant relationship of some demographics of patients with knowledge and practice scores, a targeted educational program is needed to promote knowledge of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Pourkazemi
- Razi Clinical Research Development unit, Guilan university of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ghanbari
- Social Determinants of Health Research center, nursing and midwifery school, Guilan University of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Monireh Khojamli
- Razi Clinical Research Development unit, Guilan university of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Heydarali Balo
- Razi Clinical Research Development unit, Guilan university of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein Hemmati
- Razi Clinical Research Development unit, Guilan university of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zakiyeh Jafaryparvar
- Razi Clinical Research Development unit, Guilan university of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Behrang Motamed
- Department of internal medicine , Razi Hospital ,School of Medicine, Guilan university of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Al-Thani AA, Farghaly A, Akram H, Khalifa S, Vinodson B, Loares A, Abou-Samra AB. Knowledge and Perception of Diabetes and Available Services among Diabetic Patients in the State of Qatar. Cent Asian J Glob Health 2019; 8:333. [PMID: 30881757 PMCID: PMC6395071 DOI: 10.5195/cajgh.2019.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is a major public health concern in Qatar. This study examined diabetes knowledge and perception of available services for diabetes control among diabetic patients in Qatar. Methods Data from 300 diabetic patients were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire between February and May 2015 at Hamad Medical Corporation healthcare facilities in Qatar. Survey responses were represented as frequencies, and Chi-square tests were used to compare proportions across gender. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results 31% of patients had Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) (females 36.6%, males 26.5%) and 54% had Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (males 56.6%, females 50%). Knowledge about diabetes types did not differ by sex (P=0.16). 32.3% of patients were treated for diabetes-related complications including: high cholesterol (39.2%), vision problems (33.1%), hypertension (30.0%), and foot problems (25.1 %). Most patients were diagnosed at primary care clinics (41.7%). During visits, 78.3% of patients reported that they were fully advised about different diabetes tests. 57.0% of patients had ≥4 visits for diabetes checkups in the past 12 months. 66.7% of patients reported that they were confident or very confident in managing their diabetes as a result of their healthcare visits in the past year. The majority of patients reported receiving diabetes-related guidance from physicians (89.7%). Conclusions Study participants had variable knowledge of diabetes, its complications and risk factors, and services available to diabetics. More comprehensive education and awareness about diabetes is recommended for both patients and family members. At the provider level, further improvement in patient counseling and promotion of available services can be beneficial.
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Are the resources adoptive for conducting team-based diabetes management clinics? An explorative study at primary health care centers in Muscat, Oman. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2018; 20:e3. [PMID: 29737963 PMCID: PMC6476396 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423618000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AimThe aim of this study is to explore the perceptions among primary health center staff concerning competencies, values, skills and resources related to team-based diabetes management and to describe the availability of needed resources for team-based approaches. BACKGROUND: The diabetes epidemic challenges services available at primary health care centers in the Middle East. Therefore, there is a demand for evaluation of the available resources and team-based diabetes management in relation to the National Diabetes Management Guidelines. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 26 public primary health care centers in Muscat, the capital of Oman. Data were collected from manual and electronic resources as well as a questionnaire that was distributed to the physician-in-charge and diabetes management team members.FindingsThe study revealed significant differences between professional groups regarding how they perceived their own competencies, values and skills as well as available resources related to team-based diabetes management. The perceived competencies were high among all professions. The perceived team-related values and skills were also generally high but with overall lower recordings among the nurses. This pattern, along with the fact that very few nurses have specialized qualifications, is a barrier to providing team-based diabetes management. Participants indicated that there were sufficient laboratory resources; however, reported that pharmacological, technical and human resources were lacking. Further work should be done at public primary diabetes management clinics in order to fully implement team-based diabetes management.
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Abdulsalam AJ, Al-Daihani AE, Francis K. Diabetes-Related Knowledge and Preventative Practices Among Government Employees with Diabetes in Kuwait. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2018; 17:e444-e451. [PMID: 29372087 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2017.17.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Diabetes mellitus (DM)-related knowledge and preventative practices are vital for the successful management of this condition. In Kuwait, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the knowledge and preventative practices of DM patients. This study aimed to assess DM-related knowledge and preventative practices among government employees with DM in Kuwait and to examine associations between DM knowledge, preventative practices and other variables. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2015 and involved 345 employees with DM from 15 government ministries in Kuwait. A self-administered Arabic-language questionnaire was designed to assess DM-related knowledge and preventative practices based on the Diabetes Knowledge Test and the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association, respectively. Results A total of 312 ministry employees agreed to participate in the study (response rate: 90.4%). The mean age was 45.6 ± 10.6 years. A total of 63.4% were male and 64.1% were Kuwaiti. The median DM knowledge score was 9 out of 14 and the median preventative practice score was 5 out of 14. High knowledge scores were significantly associated with education (β = 1.510; P ≤0.001) and income (β = 0.896; P ≤0.001). High preventative practice scores were significantly associated with income (β = 1.376; P = 0.002), DM duration (β = 0.919; P = 0.026) and knowledge scores (β = 1.783; P = 0.015). Conclusion Government employees in Kuwait were found to have average DM knowledge and poor preventative practices. It is therefore imperative that policy-makers develop educational and health-promoting campaigns to target government employees with DM in Kuwait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad J Abdulsalam
- Residency Programme, Kuwaiti Board of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Andalous, Kuwait
| | | | - Kostantinos Francis
- Almanara Child Psychiatry Unit, Kuwait Center for Mental Health, Sabah Health Region, Kuwait
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Bonger Z, Shiferaw S, Tariku EZ. Adherence to diabetic self-care practices and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2018; 12:963-970. [PMID: 29922042 PMCID: PMC5995298 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s156043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-care practices in diabetes patients are crucial to keep the illness under control and prevent complications. Effective management of diabetes will be a difficult task without adequate understanding of the existing level of practice related to diabetes self-care. This study is, therefore, aimed at assessing the self-care practice and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 419 type 2 diabetes patients from March 29, 2013, to May 16, 2013. The data were collected by face-to-face interview using structured and pretested questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the association between determinant factors and adherence to self-monitoring of blood glucose. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to identify factors associated with the outcome variables in the multivariable analysis. RESULT In this study, 318 (75.9%) diabetes patients did not adhere to the recommended diet management, 350 (83.5%) did not adhere to self-monitoring of blood glucose level, while 18 (4.3%) of the respondents did not adhere to the prescribed medications. Diabetic patients who were unemployed were 2.4 times more likely to practice blood glucose monitoring than merchants (AOR [95% CI] =2.4 [1.3-5.9]). Those who attended primary education were 70% less likely to adhere to blood glucose self-monitoring than those educated to a tertiary educational level (AOR [95% CI] =0.3 [0.1-0.9]). Respondents within the age group of 40-49 years were 11 times more likely to adhere to their medication than those aged 60-76 years (AOR [95% CI] =11 [1.03-13.6]). CONCLUSION The study showed that the extent to which individuals adhere to the recommended management of type 2 diabetes is substantially low. Improving awareness of patients and the community at large is imperative especially on medication adherence, glycemic control and diet management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeleke Bonger
- TB/HIV Control and Prevention, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Shiferaw
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Shilubane H, Netshikweta L, Ralineba T. Beliefs and practices of diabetic patients in Vhembe district of Limpopo Province. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2016; 8:e1-6. [PMID: 27380846 PMCID: PMC4913381 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v8i2.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition affecting over 18 million people worldwide. It can lead to debilitating complications and premature death if not effectively controlled. South Africa, like any sub-Saharan countries and the world at large, is no exception. The prevalence of diabetes among South African adults has increased by 50% from 2009 to date, and an increase of some 11 million new diabetes diagnoses is expected by the year 2020. Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe the beliefs and management practices of patients with DM in Vhembe district, Limpopo province. Setting The study was conducted at Vhembe district clinics. Methods A probability, purposive sampling was used to sample 100 diabetic patients. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 19.0. Descriptive statistics, frequencies, and percentages were used to summarise the data from the study. Results The majority of the respondents had poor management practice of feet care and annual eye examinations. Twenty four (24.0%) of the respondents believed that DM can be cured and 22 (22.0%) did not believe that diet helps in the management of DM. Conclusion The belief that DM is curable can have a negative effect as patients can quit taking treatment once the disease is under control. This happens irrespective of the national guidelines for the management of DM. Therefore, some strategies should be sought that could enhance the implementation of the guidelines in order to combat the disease.
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Shi M, Xu MY, Liu ZL, Duan XY, Zhu YB, Shi HM, Jiang B, Zhang XM, Yu XH. Effectiveness of family involvement in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients: a follow-up study. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2016; 99:776-782. [PMID: 26763869 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of family-involvement on health education for T2DM from the aspects of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), body mass index (BMI) and glucose control. METHODS A follow-up study was performed and patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were divided into family-involved group (FIG, n=60) and single-involved group (SIG, n=60). Hierarchical linear models were used to assess within-group changes and between-group differences in the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), KAP, SF-36 and BMI. RESULTS Significant improvements in FIG along with significant differences between-group were seen for HbA1c levels (9.73, 8.92, 5.55, 5.79, 5.30 vs. 10.05, 9.53, 6.36, 8.41, 6.58) in baseline, M3, M6, M12, M24 compared with SIG, respectively (all P≤0.001). Significant improvements in FIG along with significant differences between-group were seen for KAP (16.23, 46.98, 48.93 vs. 16.65, 29.07, 37.62), SF-36 (78.04, 92.68, 92.34 vs. 74.96, 77.03, 78.25), and BMI (24.74, 23.46, 22.96 vs. 24.00, 23.45, 23.50) in baseline, M12 and M24, respectively (all P≤0.05). CONCLUSION Family involvement is beneficial to the control of T2DM and should be suggested for T2DM newly diagnosed. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Health education should encourage the family to participate in the whole process to improve the efficacy of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Shi
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mei-Yan Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Central Hospital of China Aerospace Corporation, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhao-Lan Liu
- Centre for Evidence-based Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue-Ying Duan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yan-Hua Hospital, Beijing 100250, China
| | - Yan-Bo Zhu
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Hui-Mei Shi
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Han Yu
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Shi M, Liu ZL, Zhu YB, Xu MY, Duan XY, Shi HM, Jiang B, Zhang XM, Yu XH. Effect of Health Education Based on Integrative Therapy of Chinese and Western Medicine for Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 24:94-102. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Al Bimani ZS, Khan SA, David P. Evaluation of T2DM related knowledge and practices of Omani patients. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 23:22-7. [PMID: 25685039 PMCID: PMC4311016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased alarmingly mainly due to the life style changes and obesity factor. Approximately 10% of the Omani population is suffering from this chronic disease and according to World Health Organization, number of subjects living with diabetes in Oman will rise from 75,000 in 2000 to 217,000 in 2025. It has been well established that data on KP of diabetic patients reveal aspects of education that need to be reinforced and addressed in order to improve diabetes management. OBJECTIVE The aim of this cross sectional study was to assess the diabetes mellitus type 2 related knowledge and practices (KP) of Omani adult patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetic patients were recruited using the convenient sampling method from Outpatient diabetes clinic of various primary health care centers and private hospitals in Muscat region of Sultanate of Oman. KP of patients who agreed to participate in the study were assessed by administering a self designed questionnaire containing 15 close ended or multiple choice type questions in face-to face interviews. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 106 patients with T2DM participated in this study (42 men and 64 women). Majority of them were; married (83%), above 50 years (64.2%), on oral hypoglycemic (56.6%), having family history of diabetes (66%). The mean ± SD knowledge score of participants was found to be 4.92 ± 1.22 out of maximum possible score of 8. CONCLUSION Omani patients seemed aware and displayed satisfactory diabetes knowledge and good practices except adherence to regular exercise. We recommend to design and develop diabetes educational programs that could help Omani patients in diabetes management and improvement of quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shah Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Oman Medical College, Muscat, Oman
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Aklilu T, Hiko D, Mohammed MA, Dekema NH. Diabetic Patients’ Knowledge of Their Disease, Therapeutic Goals, and Self-management: Association With Goal Attainment at Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Ther Innov Regul Sci 2014; 48:583-591. [DOI: 10.1177/2168479014524960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jimmy B, Jose J, Al-Hinai ZA, Wadair IK, Al-Amri GH. Adherence to Medications among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Three Districts of Al Dakhliyah Governorate, Oman: A cross-sectional pilot study. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2014; 14:e231-e235. [PMID: 24790747 PMCID: PMC3997541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This pilot study aimed to assess the medication adherence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in three wilayats (districts) of the Al Dakhliyah governorate, Oman, and to identify the probable reasons for medication non-adherence. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire-based pilot survey was conducted among T2DM Omani patients between February and June 2012 to assess their medication adherence and the relationship between their socio-demographic characteristics and adherence levels. RESULTS A total of 158 patients participated in the survey. The majority of the participants were unemployed or were housewives (66.5%). Forgetfulness was the most frequent reason for medication non-adherence (36.4%). Participants demonstrated an excellent level of adherence to their medicines (median total score = 3). No significant difference in median total adherence scores was observed based on the evaluated parameters. CONCLUSION The medication adherence of T2DM patients in the area under study was good. A larger study in a wider population is warranted to obtain a more representative picture of this important factor which contributes to public health.
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Burgut FT, Bener A, Ghuloum S, Sheikh J. A study of postpartum depression and maternal risk factors in Qatar. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2013; 34:90-7. [PMID: 23701432 DOI: 10.3109/0167482x.2013.786036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the association between maternal complications and postpartum depression (PPD) among postpartum women in Qatar by using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as well as a structured questionnaire. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of PPD of 1379 postpartum women within 6 months of delivery attending the primary healthcare centers of the State of Qatar. RESULTS The prevalence of PPD was 17.6% in the studied mothers. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for PPD included various socio-demographic risk factors such as education, occupation, consanguinity and access to transportation. Amongst the maternal factors studied, history of unplanned pregnancy and infertility and other medical complications such as gestational diabetes, heart disease, threatened abortion and cesarean section were found to be risk factors for PPD. Amongst the postpartum women with maternal complications, items related to feeling scared and panicky and feeling sad and miserable were the most frequently reported symptoms of depression. These women were also more likely to be experiencing sleep difficulty (p = 0.029) compared to women without maternal complications. CONCLUSION While socio-demographic risk factors are well studied in the PPD literature, there is much less information on the impact of maternal complications on the psychological status of postpartum women. Postpartum women, especially those with maternal complications, need close screening and have quick access to mental healthcare within integrated reproductive health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tuna Burgut
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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