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Rudolph MJ, Tsymbal AM, Dutta A, Davis SA, Algava B, Roberge JY, Tumer NE, Li XP. Fragment Screening to Identify Inhibitors Targeting Ribosome Binding of Shiga Toxin 2. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:2814-2825. [PMID: 38873918 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Shiga toxins are the main virulence factors of Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) and S. dysenteriae. There is no effective therapy to counter the disease caused by these toxins. The A1 subunits of Shiga toxins bind the C-termini of ribosomal P-stalk proteins to depurinate the sarcin/ricin loop. The ribosome binding site of Shiga toxin 2 has not been targeted by small molecules. We screened a fragment library against the A1 subunit of Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2A1) and identified a fragment, BTB13086, which bound at the ribosome binding site and mimicked the binding mode of the P-stalk proteins. We synthesized analogs of BTB13086 and identified a series of molecules with similar affinity and inhibitory activity. These are the first compounds that bind at the ribosome binding site of Stx2A1 and inhibit activity. These compounds hold great promise for further inhibitor development against STEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rudolph
- New York Structural Biology Center, 89 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Anastasiia M Tsymbal
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Core, Rutgers University Biomolecular Innovations Cores, Office for Research, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Arkajyoti Dutta
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Simon A Davis
- New York Structural Biology Center, 89 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Benjamin Algava
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Jacques Y Roberge
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Core, Rutgers University Biomolecular Innovations Cores, Office for Research, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Nilgun E Tumer
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Xiao-Ping Li
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
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Tamura A, Azam AH, Nakamura T, Lee K, Iyoda S, Kondo K, Ojima S, Chihara K, Yamashita W, Cui L, Akeda Y, Watashi K, Takahashi Y, Yotsuyanagi H, Kiga K. Synthetic phage-based approach for sensitive and specific detection of Escherichia coli O157. Commun Biol 2024; 7:535. [PMID: 38710842 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157 can cause foodborne outbreaks, with infection leading to severe disease such as hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Although phage-based detection methods for E. coli O157 are being explored, research on their specificity with clinical isolates is lacking. Here, we describe an in vitro assembly-based synthesis of vB_Eco4M-7, an O157 antigen-specific phage with a 68-kb genome, and its use as a proof of concept for E. coli O157 detection. Linking the detection tag to the C-terminus of the tail fiber protein, gp27 produces the greatest detection sensitivity of the 20 insertions sites tested. The constructed phage detects all 53 diverse clinical isolates of E. coli O157, clearly distinguishing them from 35 clinical isolates of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli. Our efficient phage synthesis methods can be applied to other pathogenic bacteria for a variety of applications, including phage-based detection and phage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azumi Tamura
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aa Haeruman Azam
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Lee
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sunao Iyoda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Kondo
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Ojima
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Chihara
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakana Yamashita
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Longzhu Cui
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Takahashi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kiga
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan.
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Matsubara T. Peptide mimotopes to emulate carbohydrates. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8160-8173. [PMID: 36128765 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00470d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates on animal cell surfaces are involved in numerous biological functions and diseases, especially the adhesion/metastasis of cancer cells, infection, and the onset of glycan-related diseases. In addition to glycoantigen detection, the regulation of glycan (carbohydrate)-protein interactions is needed to develop therapeutic strategies for glycan-related diseases. Preparation of a diverse range of glycan derivatives requires a massive effort, but the preparation and identification of alternative glycan-mimetic peptide mimotopes may provide a solution to this issue. Peptide mimotopes are recognized by glycan-binding proteins, such as lectins, enzymes, and antibodies, alternative to glycan ligands. Phage-display technology is the first choice in the selection of "glycan (carbohydrate)-mimetic peptide mimotopes" from a large repertoire of library sequences. This tutorial review describes the advantages of peptide mimotopes in comparison to glycan ligands, as well as their structural and functional mimicry. The detailed library design is followed by a description of the strategy used to improve affinity, and finally, an outline of the vaccine application of glycan-mimetic peptides is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiko Matsubara
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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Mühlen S, Dersch P. Treatment Strategies for Infections With Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:169. [PMID: 32435624 PMCID: PMC7218068 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) cause outbreaks of severe diarrheal disease in children and the elderly around the world. The severe complications associated with toxin production and release range from bloody diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis to hemolytic-uremic syndrome, kidney failure, and neurological issues. As the use of antibiotics for treatment of the infection has long been controversial due to reports that antibiotics may increase the production of Shiga toxin, the recommended therapy today is mainly supportive. In recent years, a variety of alternative treatment approaches such as monoclonal antibodies or antisera directed against Shiga toxin, toxin receptor analogs, and several vaccination strategies have been developed and evaluated in vitro and in animal models. A few strategies have progressed to the clinical trial phase. Here, we review the current understanding of and the progress made in the development of treatment options against STEC infections and discuss their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Mühlen
- Institute for Infectiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Site University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Institute for Infectiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Site University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Joseph A, Cointe A, Mariani Kurkdjian P, Rafat C, Hertig A. Shiga Toxin-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E67. [PMID: 31973203 PMCID: PMC7076748 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity of human infection by one of the many Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is determined by a number of factors: the bacterial genome, the capacity of human societies to prevent foodborne epidemics, the medical condition of infected patients (in particular their hydration status, often compromised by severe diarrhea), and by our capacity to devise new therapeutic approaches, most specifically to combat the bacterial virulence factors, as opposed to our current strategies that essentially aim to palliate organ deficiencies. The last major outbreak in 2011 in Germany, which killed more than 50 people in Europe, was evidence that an effective treatment was still lacking. Herein, we review the current knowledge of STEC virulence, how societies organize the prevention of human disease, and how physicians treat (and, hopefully, will treat) its potentially fatal complications. In particular, we focus on STEC-induced hemolytic and uremic syndrome (HUS), where the intrusion of toxins inside endothelial cells results in massive cell death, activation of the coagulation within capillaries, and eventually organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Joseph
- Department of Nephrology, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, F-75020 Paris, France; (A.J.); (C.R.)
| | - Aurélie Cointe
- Department of Microbiology, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019 Paris, France; (A.C.); (P.M.K.)
| | | | - Cédric Rafat
- Department of Nephrology, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, F-75020 Paris, France; (A.J.); (C.R.)
| | - Alexandre Hertig
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
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Rodrigues-Jesus MJ, Fotoran WL, Cardoso RM, Araki K, Wunderlich G, Ferreira LCS. Nano-multilamellar lipid vesicles (NMVs) enhance protective antibody responses against Shiga toxin (Stx2a) produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains (EHEC). Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:67-77. [PMID: 30637647 PMCID: PMC6863297 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-018-0035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microlipid vesicles (MLV) have a broad spectrum of applications for the delivery of molecules, ranging from chemical compounds to proteins, in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In the present study, we developed a new set of nanosize multilayer lipid vesicles (NMVs) containing a unique combination of lipids. The NMVs enable the adsorption of histidine-tagged proteins at the vesicle surface and were demonstrated to be suitable for the in vivo delivery of antigens. The NMVs contained a combination of neutral (DOPC) and anionic (DPPG) lipids in the inner membrane and an external layer composed of DOPC, cholesterol, and a nickel-containing lipid (DGS-NTA [Ni]). NMVs combined with a recombinant form of the B subunit of the Shiga toxin (rStx2B) produced by certain enterohemorragic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains enhanced the immunogenicity of the antigen after parenteral administration to mice. Mice immunized with rStx2B-loaded NMVs elicited serum antibodies capable of neutralizing the toxic activities of the native toxin; this result was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the proposed NMVs represent an alternative for the delivery of antigens, including recombinant proteins, generated in different expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Rodrigues-Jesus
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - W L Fotoran
- Unit for Drug Development and Plasmodium Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R M Cardoso
- Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K Araki
- Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Wunderlich
- Unit for Drug Development and Plasmodium Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís C S Ferreira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
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Bernedo-Navarro RA, Yano T. Phage display and Shiga toxin neutralizers. Toxicon 2016; 113:60-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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A potential therapeutic peptide-based neutralizer that potently inhibits Shiga toxin 2 in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21837. [PMID: 26903273 PMCID: PMC4763182 DOI: 10.1038/srep21837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) is a major virulence factor in infections with Stx-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), which can cause serious clinical complications in humans, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Recently, we screened and identified two peptide-based Stx2 neutralizers, TF-1 and WA-8, which specifically and directly bind to Stx2. Computer simulations suggested that the majority of TF-1 or WA-8 binds tightly at the receptor-binding site 3 of Stx2. The two peptides also effectively inhibited the cytotoxic activity of Stx2 by blocking the binding of Stx2 to target cells. TF-1 exhibits remarkable therapeutic potency in both mice and rat toxicity models. In mice toxicity models, TF-1 provided full protection when mice were injected with 5 LD50 of Stx2. In rat toxicity models, TF-1 reduced fatal tissue damage and completely protected rats from the lethal challenges of Stx2. In these rats, TF-1 significantly decreased the concentration of Stx2 in blood and diminished tissue distribution levels of Stx2. Furthermore, TF-1 effectively protected rats from the pathological effects caused by Stx2, especially in the kidney, thymus, adrenal gland, and lung. Taken together, these results indicate that TF-1 is a promising therapeutic agent against the pathogenicity of Stx2.
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