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Ball L, Frey T, Haag F, Frank S, Hoffmann S, Laska M, Steinhaus M, Neuhaus K, Krautwurst D. Geosmin, a Food- and Water-Deteriorating Sesquiterpenoid and Ambivalent Semiochemical, Activates Evolutionary Conserved Receptor OR11A1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15865-15874. [PMID: 38955350 PMCID: PMC11261619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Geosmin, a ubiquitous volatile sesquiterpenoid of microbiological origin, is causative for deteriorating the quality of many foods, beverages, and drinking water, by eliciting an undesirable "earthy/musty" off-flavor. Moreover, and across species from worm to human, geosmin is a volatile, chemosensory trigger of both avoidance and attraction behaviors, suggesting its role as semiochemical. Volatiles typically are detected by chemosensory receptors of the nose, which have evolved to best detect ecologically relevant food-related odorants and semiochemicals. An insect receptor for geosmin was recently identified in flies. A human geosmin-selective receptor, however, has been elusive. Here, we report on the identification and characterization of a human odorant receptor for geosmin, with its function being conserved in orthologs across six mammalian species. Notably, the receptor from the desert-dwelling kangaroo rat showed a more than 100-fold higher sensitivity compared to its human ortholog and detected geosmin at low nmol/L concentrations in extracts from geosmin-producing actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Ball
- TUM
School of Life Sciences, Technical University
of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Tim Frey
- TUM
School of Life Sciences, Technical University
of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
- Tecan
Deutschland GmbH, Crailsheim 74564, Germany
| | - Franziska Haag
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Stephanie Frank
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Sandra Hoffmann
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Matthias Laska
- IFM
Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Martin Steinhaus
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Klaus Neuhaus
- Core
Facility Microbiome, ZIEL − Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Dietmar Krautwurst
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
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Abd El-Hack ME, El-Saadony MT, Elbestawy AR, Ellakany HF, Abaza SS, Geneedy AM, Salem HM, Taha AE, Swelum AA, Omer FA, AbuQamar SF, El-Tarabily KA. Undesirable odour substances (geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol) in water environment: Sources, impacts and removal strategies. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 178:113579. [PMID: 35398689 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Off-flavours in fish products generated from recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are a major problem in the fish farming industry affecting the market demand and prices. A particular concern is the muddy or musty odour and taste in fish due to the presence of secondary metabolites geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), produced by actinobacteria (mainly Streptomyces), myxobacteria and cyanobacteria. Off-flavours have deteriorated the quality of fish, rendering their products unfit for human consumption. The process of odour removal requires purification for several days to weeks in clean water; thus this leads to additional production costs. Geosmin and 2-MIB, detected at extremely low odour thresholds, are the most widespread off-flavour metabolites in aquaculture, entering through fish gills and accumulating in the fish adipose tissues. In this review, we aimed to determine the diversity and identity of geosmin- and 2-MIB-producing bacteria in aquaculture and provide possible strategies for their elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Hany F Ellakany
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Samar S Abaza
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Amr M Geneedy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Fatima A Omer
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Synan F AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Western Australia, Australia.
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3
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Zuo Y, Verheecke-Vaessen C, Molitor C, Medina A, Magan N, Mohareb F. De novo genome assembly and functional annotation for Fusarium langsethiae. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:158. [PMID: 35193498 PMCID: PMC8864894 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium langsethiae is a T-2 and HT-2 mycotoxins producing species firstly characterised in 2004. It is commonly isolated from oats in Northern Europe. T-2 and HT-2 mycotoxins exhibit immunological and haemotological effects in animal health mainly through inhibition of protein, RNA and DNA synthesis. The development of a high-quality and comprehensively annotated assembly for this species is therefore essential in providing the molecular understanding and the mechanism of T-2 and HT-2 biosynthesis in F. langsethiae to help develop effective control strategies. RESULTS The F. langsethiae assembly was produced using PacBio long reads, which were then assembled independently using Canu, SMARTdenovo and Flye. A total of 19,336 coding genes were identified using RNA-Seq informed ab-initio gene prediction. Finally, predicting genes were annotated using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) genome database and protein hits were annotated using InterProScan. Genes with blast hits were functionally annotated with Gene Ontology. CONCLUSIONS We developed a high-quality genome assembly of a total length of 59 Mb and N50 of 3.51 Mb. Raw sequence reads and assembled genome is publicly available and can be downloaded from: GenBank under the accession JAFFKB000000000. All commands used to generate this assembly are accessible via GitHub: https://github.com/FadyMohareb/fusarium_langsethiae .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zuo
- The Bioinformatics Group, Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, College Road, MK43 0AL, Bedford, UK
| | - Carol Verheecke-Vaessen
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, College Road, MK43 0AL, Bedford, UK
| | - Corentin Molitor
- The Bioinformatics Group, Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, College Road, MK43 0AL, Bedford, UK
| | - Angel Medina
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, College Road, MK43 0AL, Bedford, UK
| | - Naresh Magan
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, College Road, MK43 0AL, Bedford, UK
| | - Fady Mohareb
- The Bioinformatics Group, Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, College Road, MK43 0AL, Bedford, UK.
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Lukassen MB, de Jonge N, Bjerregaard SM, Podduturi R, Jørgensen NOG, Petersen MA, David GS, da Silva RJ, Nielsen JL. Microbial Production of the Off-Flavor Geosmin in Tilapia Production in Brazilian Water Reservoirs: Importance of Bacteria in the Intestine and Other Fish-Associated Environments. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2447. [PMID: 31736894 PMCID: PMC6835154 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine major sources of microbially produced geosmin in the commercially important aquaculture fish species tilapia. METHODS AND RESULTS Abundance and composition of geosmin-producing bacteria in water and fish biosphere (intestine, digesta, and fins) of Nile tilapia (Oreachromis niloticus) raised in net cages in Brazilian freshwater farms were examined. By combining qPCR of the geosmin synthase geoA gene and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to identify potential geosmin-producing organisms, we observed that the proportion and composition of geosmin producers appeared to be rather similar in the water, digesta, intestinal mucous, and on skin, making up about 0.1-0.2% of the total bacterial densities. A high proportion of Cyanobacteria and other putative geosmin producers affiliated to the Actinomycetales were identified in the intestinal mucous layer. The main uptake site for geosmin in fish is traditionally assumed to be through the gill surface, but the present results suggest that uptake by the intestinal tract may represent a major source of geosmin uptake in fish. CONCLUSION The high abundance of geosmin-producing bacteria in the intestinal mucous layer and digesta may indicate that the digestive system in fish is an important, but hitherto overlooked, source of geosmin and likely other off-flavors in fish. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY Tainting of fish by microbially produced off-flavors spoils fish quality and lowers consumer preferences for aquaculture-produced freshwater fish. Our results highlight the potential for the application of probiotic microorganisms for management of the intestinal microflora to improve the fish quality. HIGHLIGHTS -Off-flavor producing bacteria are widely abundant in aquaculture.-Off-flavor producers found on skin surface of fish.-Off-flavor producing bacteria accumulate in the digestive system.-Off-flavor producers might release significant amounts of off-flavor during lysis in the gut.-Off-flavor uptake through the digestive system might be quantitatively significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie B. Lukassen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Raju Podduturi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels O. G. Jørgensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael A. Petersen
- Department of Food Sciences, Section of Design and Consumer Behaviour, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Reinaldo J. da Silva
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jeppe L. Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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