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Rahmani M, Silverman AL, Thompson A, Pumariega A. Youth Suicidality in the Context of Disasters. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2023; 25:587-602. [PMID: 37768444 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature regarding youth suicidality (suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, and completed suicide) in the context of disasters. RECENT FINDINGS There are fewer studies that examine the effect of disasters on suicidality specifically in children and youth than studies that focus on adults or general population. Numerous studies have reported on the effect of disasters on youth mental health in general without zeroing in on suicide risk. Some variables that have shown to increase suicide risk in children and youth after disasters include female gender, age at the time of disaster exposure, dependence on adults, attachments to places and caregivers, family functioning, and vulnerability to mistreatment. Several studies have demonstrated that youth suicidality fluctuates in response to disasters, at times increasing immediately post-disaster and at other times decreasing immediately post-disaster followed by an increase later. Exposure to natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, typhoons, hurricanes, wildfires, and extremes of temperature and humidity), man-made disasters (e.g., armed conflict, global warming, and pollution), and unique disasters (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic) have had significant impact on suicidality in children and adolescents. Although there are several promising interventions to mitigate the post-disaster suicide risk among youth, there is no consensus on a single intervention that is superior to others. More research is needed to study youth suicide risk in the context of disasters and develop culturally appropriate and evidence-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rahmani
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Andrew L Silverman
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew Thompson
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andres Pumariega
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Zare-Kaseb A, Hajialibeigloo R, Dadkhah-Tehrani M, Otaghsara SMT, Zeydi AE, Ghazanfari MJ. Role of mindfulness in improving psychological well-being of burn survivors. Burns 2022; 49:984-985. [PMID: 36754642 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Zare-Kaseb
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hajialibeigloo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Dadkhah-Tehrani
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Mahjabin Taheri Otaghsara
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nasibeh School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amir Emami Zeydi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nasibeh School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Ghazanfari
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kim E, Kim GS, Kim H, Pfefferbaum B. Psychometric properties of the Korean adaptation of the communities advancing resilience toolkit (CART) assessment survey. Nurs Open 2022; 10:591-602. [PMID: 36054684 PMCID: PMC9834512 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to establish a cross-cultural adaptation of the Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART) assessment survey for Korean communities (K-CART) and evaluated its psychometric properties of K-CART. DESIGN A cross-sectional study design was used. METHODS A forward and backward translation of the CART was conducted. The psychometric properties of K-CART were evaluated with test-retest reliability, internal consistency, content validity and construct validity. A field study was conducted involving 315 older adults in Pohang city, South Korea from January to March, 2019. Two versions of K-CART were analysed, based on the four-factor and the expanded five-factor K-CART. RESULTS The test-retest reliability and internal consistency were acceptable (intraclass consistency coefficient = .90). The consistency reliability was satisfactory (Cronbach's α = 0.91). The content validity index (CVI) was found to be acceptable; wherein the item-CVI and scale-CVI were both 0.95. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the construct validity of the expanded K-CART with five factors reached a more acceptable model fit (χ2 /df = 2.27, CFI = 0.89, TLI = 0.86, RMESA = 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun‐Mi Kim
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing SciencePusan National UniversityYangsanKorea
| | - Gwang Suk Kim
- Mo‐Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, College of NursingYonsei UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Heejung Kim
- Mo‐Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, College of NursingYonsei UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Betty Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of MedicineUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
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Chen LYA, Wu CY, Lee MB, Lin CH, Kao SC, Tu CC, Chen RC. Predictors for psychological distress of young burn survivors across three years: A cohort study of a burn disaster in Taiwan. J Nurs Scholarsh 2021; 54:56-63. [PMID: 34841644 PMCID: PMC9299193 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The study aims to investigate long‐term psychological distress and its risk factors in the burn survivors. Design A longitudinal study with follow‐up interviews was conducted from November 2015–June 2018. A post‐burn baseline interview was conducted 6 months after the event, followed by annual surveys for three years. Methods The burn survivors received structured assessment through telephone in the four‐wave interviews, including the five‐item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS‐5); two‐item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐2); four‐item Startle, Physiological Arousal, Anger, and Numbness Scale (SPAN‐4); and six‐item Impact of Event Scale (IES‐6) alongside demographic data and other health‐related assessment. Findings A total of 180 respondents with the mean age of 23 years old completed the four waves of interview. Using the BSRS‐5 as the outcome, each variable had different input in psychological distress during the follow‐up years. The main finding was that the SPAN‐4 score could predict more than 62% of psychological distress between 6 months and 3 years after the disaster. The generalized estimating equation demonstrated that SPAN‐4, IES‐6, family functioning impairment, hypnotics use, adaptation to the event, and PHQ‐2 could predict psychological distress. However, the variable of follow‐up year did not exemplify significant estimation in the model. Conclusions The results indicated that different factors had various influences on psychological distress across the four follow‐up stages. PTSD‐like symptoms, depression, and anxiety were the most common psychological problems experienced by the young burn cohort in the longitudinal post‐traumatic period. Clinical relevance Healthcare providers should be aware of psychological consequences of traumatic events within up to a 3‐year post‐burn period, particularly post‐traumatic stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yen Anny Chen
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Second Degree Bachelor of Science in Nurisng, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Wu
- School of Nursing, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Society of Suicidology & Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Been Lee
- Taiwanese Society of Suicidology & Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Shin-Kong Wu-Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Kao
- Department of Health, New Taipei City Government, Banqiao, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chieh Tu
- Department of Health, New Taipei City Government, Banqiao, Taiwan
| | - Ran-Chou Chen
- Department of Health, New Taipei City Government, Banqiao, Taiwan
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Lee JI, Burdick KE, Ko CH, Liu TL, Lin YC, Lee MB. Prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and psychiatric morbidity among inpatients of a general hospital: A consecutive three-year study. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 37:427-433. [PMID: 33336553 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a self-administered questionnaire (the five-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale, BSRS-5), determine the prevalence of suicide ideation (SI), psychiatric morbidity (PM), and the factors associated with these conditions in a general hospital in Taiwan. All individuals aged 12 years or older, who were admitted to a Medical University Hospital between August 2014 and December 2016, were asked to fill out the BSRS-5 at admission. The study was conducted in a medical inpatient setting, excluding Intensive Care Units and the Emergency Service Department. The 93,129 participants were recruited for analysis. Pearson's correlation, regression analysis and path analysis were performed to test the association between SI and each item of psychopathology and to determine the discrimination validity of individual BSRS-5 items for predicting SI. The prevalence rate was 2.3% for SI and 2.0% for PM among all participants. PM was more prevalent in females and those aged 25-54 years. Individuals with PM had a significantly higher rate of SI (44.6%) than did others (1.4%). The prevalence of PM was varied by department, e.g., Psychiatry (44.3%), Rehabilitation Medicine (7.9%), and Nephrology (5.2%). The regression analysis and path analysis with structural equation model indicated that depression, hostility, anxiety, and inferiority were significant independent predictors of SI. The BSRS-5 is an efficient and useful screening tool to identify psychological distress and SI among inpatients in a general hospital. Its integration into the electronic medical chart facilitates identifying patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-In Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine E Burdick
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chih-Hung Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Chun Lin
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Been Lee
- National Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University College of Medicine & National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu CY, Lee MB, Lin CH, Kao SC, Tu CC, Chang CM. A longitudinal study on psychological reactions and resilience among young survivors of a burn disaster in Taiwan 2015-2018. J Adv Nurs 2019; 76:514-525. [PMID: 31657485 PMCID: PMC6973290 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the long‐term psychological reactions and resilient process of the young survivors after a large‐scale burn disaster of the Formosa Color Dust Explosion in Taiwan. Design Longitudinal study with follow‐up interviews using standardized questionnaire during November 2015–June 2018. Methods The burn survivors received structured assessment in the four‐wave interviews including the five‐item Brief Symptom Rating Scale, nine‐item Concise Mental Health Checklist, and two‐item Patient Health Questionnaire for depressive symptoms and suicide risk assessment. Post‐traumatic psychological symptoms were assessed through the four‐item Startle, Physiological Arousal, Anger, and Numbness Scale, and six‐item Impact of Event Scale. Findings The response rates were 65.1%, 74.2%, 76.9%, and 78.5% across the four‐wave interviews among 484 burn survivors. The participants were mean‐aged 23.1 years with just over half having 40% or more burn wounds in total body surface area. The respondents at each wave were similar in gender, age, and per cent of total body surface area burned. In the first 2 years of recovery, the respondents showed resilience in coping with stress of trauma under family and social support. While there was a decreasing trend of psychological symptoms over the first 2 years, hypnotic use and alcohol consumption remained at about 10% in the final interview, which were accompanied by psychological symptom recurrence. Conclusion Young burn survivors recovered both psychologically and physically under supportive care and personal resilience in 2 years after the burn event, yet post‐traumatic mental distress and coping efforts after 2 years during community reintegration should be detected and managed. Early prevention and detection of mental health deterioration is needed even after 2 years of burn disasters. Impact The study demonstrated post‐burn longitudinal changes on psychological reactions. Nursing staffs may help young burn survivors identify mental distress and stress management needs in the long‐term psychological adaptation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yi Wu
- School of Nursing, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Society of Suicidology & Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Been Lee
- Taiwanese Society of Suicidology & Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Shin Kong Memorial Wu Ho-Su Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Kao
- Department of Health, New Taipei City Government, Banqiao, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chieh Tu
- Department of Health, New Taipei City Government, Banqiao, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Chang
- Taiwanese Society of Suicidology & Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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