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Ocete Calvo C, Pérez‐Calzado E, Berástegui A, Franco Álvarez E. The role of motivation in shaping social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in physical-sports activity contexts. Eur J Sport Sci 2024; 24:1152-1161. [PMID: 38965684 PMCID: PMC11295094 DOI: 10.1002/ejsc.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to test a model in which basic psychological needs (BPN) satisfaction in physical-sport activity contexts is associated with self-determined motivation, which, in turn, would predict the social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities. A total of 286 people with intellectual disabilities (53.5% men) who reported engaging in physical-sport activities responded to a validated questionnaire about the satisfaction of their BPN, motivation (using the Self-determination index [SDI]), and social inclusion. A Pearson's bivariate correlation and structural equation modeling were conducted. The resulting model was reanalyzed in a multigroup analysis to test its invariance across self and proxy reports. Positive associations were found between the satisfaction of the BPN and the SDI. However, the SDI and social inclusion were positively associated only in proxy reports (βself = 0.07 vs. βproxy = 0.30). The tested model established positive relationships between the BPN and SDI in autonomy (βself = 0.21 vs. βproxy = 0.18), competence (βself = 0.47 vs. βproxy = 0.53), and relatedness (βself = 0.21 vs. βproxy = 0.23). Further research is needed to understand the factors leading to discrepancies between participants and proxies when relating the SDI to social inclusion in the context of physical-sport activity. However, the results obtained suggest that it would be optimal to develop contexts of practice for people with intellectual disabilities in which the satisfaction of their BPN is favored and that this has a positive impact on their motivation and social inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ocete Calvo
- Education, Research Methods and Evaluation DepartmentComillas Pontifical UniversityMadridSpain
| | - Elena Pérez‐Calzado
- Education, Research Methods and Evaluation DepartmentComillas Pontifical UniversityMadridSpain
| | - Ana Berástegui
- University Family InstituteComillas Pontifical UniversityMadridSpain
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2
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MacKenzie KT, Theodat A, Beck KB, Conner CM, Mazefsky CA, Eack SM. Correlates of Quality of Life in Autistic Individuals. RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2024; 115:102401. [PMID: 39035708 PMCID: PMC11258895 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Quality of life is an important outcome to autistic individuals. However, the correlates of quality of life in this population are not well known. The purpose of this project was to investigate the extent to which employment, depression, anxiety, and social participation were associated with quality of life in autistic individuals. We also explored potential associations between emotion dysregulation and quality of life. Method Baseline data from two randomized control trials were used for analysis. A total of 125 autistic adolescents and adults aged 16-45 (M = 25.40) participated. Linear regression models were constructed to investigate whether employment, depression, anxiety, and social participation were associated with five domains of quality of life: overall, physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment. Additional linear regression models explored whether emotion dysregulation was associated with the same quality of life domains. Results Surprisingly, employment was not significantly associated with any quality of life domain. Greater depression severity was significantly associated with poorer quality of life across all domains. Greater social participation was associated with better quality of life, but only for individuals with lower anxiety. More severe dysphoria was associated with poorer overall quality of life and the psychological and physical health domains. Conclusions Results suggest that mental health and emotion dysregulation are important predictors of quality of life for autistic people. They also suggest that anxiety symptoms may attenuate the beneficial effects of social participation. This study provides insight into the unique experiences of autistic individuals and highlights potential unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen T MacKenzie
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- For correspondence: Kristen T. MacKenzie, Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Webster Hall, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Anabelle Theodat
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly B Beck
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Caitlin M Conner
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carla A Mazefsky
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shaun M Eack
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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Jackson I, Dagnan D, Golding L, Rayner-Smith K. How do people with intellectual disabilities understand friendship? A systematic meta-synthesis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13244. [PMID: 38733213 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous systematic reviews of the relationships of people with intellectual disabilities have included consideration of intimate relationships. In this paper, we report a systematic review of papers describing friendship only. METHOD A systematic qualitative meta-synthesis of the research exploring experiences of friendship as reported by people with intellectual disabilities. RESULTS Seven papers met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Three superordinate themes were identified. (1) Reciprocity, 'Someone who helps me, and I help them'. (2) The building blocks of friendships, 'I can tell her some secrets'. (3) Managing friendship difficulties, 'In real life it's much harder'. CONCLUSION People with intellectual disabilities value friendship and actively engage in reciprocal exchanges. We explore the strengths and limitations of current research, clinical implications, and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Jackson
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Community Learning Disability Services, Unit 9, Lillyhall Business Centre, Lillyhall, Workington, UK
| | - Dave Dagnan
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Community Learning Disability Services, Unit 9, Lillyhall Business Centre, Lillyhall, Workington, UK
| | - Laura Golding
- The Point of Care Foundation, The Foundry, London, UK
| | - Kelly Rayner-Smith
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Community Learning Disability Services, Unit 9, Lillyhall Business Centre, Lillyhall, Workington, UK
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Aldosari MS, Alzhrani AJ. Evaluating Saudi Parental Interagency on Collaborative Initiatives for Successful Post-Secondary Transition of Students with Intellectual Disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2024:17446295241262565. [PMID: 38881272 DOI: 10.1177/17446295241262565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Effective collaboration between schools and community agencies is paramount for the successful transition of students with disabilities to post-secondary educational settings. This study, conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, focuses on assessing the level of collaboration from the perspective of parents of students with intellectual disabilities. Using descriptive analysis, data was gathered from 191 parents, and the results indicate a perceived low level of collaboration between schools and various agencies in planning and supporting the transition to post-secondary environments. The study results evaluate collaboration in three dimensions: (a) universities rank lowest with x ¯ =1.61 and SD=1.102). (b) vocational training centers ranking highest (1st rank) with an x ¯ = 1.97 and SD = 1.079), and (c) other relevant service centers 2nd rank with x ¯ =1.69 and SD= 1.177. The findings emphasize the necessity for legislative measures directing agencies to engage in collaborative agreements with secondary schools. This proactive approach aims to enhance opportunities for students with intellectual disabilities during their transition to post-secondary education and training. The study concludes with implications for future research and recommendations for fostering improved collaboration and support mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubarak S Aldosari
- Department of Special Education, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
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Bogenschutz M, Johnson KR, Hall S, Lineberry S, Rand J, Rossetti Z, Shikarpurya S, Ticha R. An Equity-Based Research Agenda to Promote Social Inclusion and Belonging for People With IDD. INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 62:186-199. [PMID: 38802094 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-62.3.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Having a sense of social inclusion and belonging, typically characterized by our personal relationships and community participation, is the central essence of life for most people, yet it remains elusive for many people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). This article summarizes the work of a diverse group of researchers and advocates to propose 6 big-picture, equity-based goals to drive future research in the field: (1) understanding the role of intersectionality, (2) understanding intimate relationships, (3) promoting formation of communities of care to support social inclusion, (4) understanding life course trajectories of social inclusion, (5) understanding social inclusion in virtual spaces, and (6) understanding how to promote social inclusion in the entire research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bogenschutz
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
| | - Khalilah Robinson Johnson
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
| | - Sarah Hall
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
| | - Sarah Lineberry
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
| | - Joseph Rand
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
| | - Zach Rossetti
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
| | - Sehrish Shikarpurya
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
| | - Renata Ticha
- Matthew Bogenschutz, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, Khalilah Robinson Johnson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Sarah Hall, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, Sarah Lineberry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Partnership for People with Disabilities, Joseph Rand, University of Minnesota, Extension, Center for Youth Development, Zach Rossetti, Boston University, Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Sehrish Shikarpurya, University of Maryland, College of Education, and Renata Ticha, University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration
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van der Weele S, Bredewold F. What's Good About Inclusion? An Ethical Analysis of the Ideal of Social Inclusion for People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities. HEALTH CARE ANALYSIS 2024; 32:106-123. [PMID: 38082208 PMCID: PMC11133059 DOI: 10.1007/s10728-023-00470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
'Social inclusion' is the leading ideal in services and care for people with intellectual disabilities in most countries in the Global North. 'Social inclusion' can refer simply to full equal rights, but more often it is taken to mean something like 'community participation'. This narrow version of social inclusion has become so ingrained that it virtually goes unchallenged. The presumption appears to be that there is a clear moral consensus that this narrow understanding of social inclusion is good. However, that moral consensus is not clear in the case of people with profound intellectual and/or multiple disabilities (PIMD), who are not able to express their needs and preferences verbally. Moreover, social inclusion has proven to be difficult to conceptualize and implement for people with PIMD. Therefore, it becomes imperative to ask about the ethical rationale of the narrow understanding of social inclusion. For what reasons do we think social inclusion is good? And do those reasons also apply for people with PIMD? This article addresses these questions by providing an ethical analysis of the ideal of social inclusion for people with PIMD. It discusses four ethical arguments for social inclusion and probes their relevance for people with PIMD. The article argues that none of these arguments fully convince of the value of the narrow understanding of social inclusion for people with PIMD. It ends with advocating for an ethical space for imagining a good life for people with PIMD otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon van der Weele
- Department Citizenship and Humanisation of the Public Sector, University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Femmianne Bredewold
- Department Citizenship and Humanisation of the Public Sector, University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Xiao R, Xu P, Liang XL, Zou Z, Zhong JG, Xiang MQ, Hou XH. Effects of the special olympics unified sports soccer training program on executive function in adolescents with intellectual disabilities. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:103-110. [PMID: 38268818 PMCID: PMC10806089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rang Xiao
- Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Educational Psychology, School of Leisure Sports and Management, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Lian Liang
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Zou
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiu-Gen Zhong
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Xiang
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Hou
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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8
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Kanthasamy S, Miskon N, Barlas J, Marsh NV. Family Caregiver Adaptation during the Transition to Adulthood of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:116. [PMID: 38201021 PMCID: PMC10779180 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
During the transition to adulthood, individuals diagnosed with intellectual disability (ID) and their family caregivers have unique experiences. This scoping review studies the sources of the family caregiver's objective burden, support, coping mechanisms, positive caregiving, and quality of life to understand the caregiver's adaptation process when the individual with ID transits to adulthood, according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Scoping Review methodology guidelines. The inclusion criteria included studies of family caregivers of any age who provide unpaid care and live with individuals diagnosed with ID who are transitioning to adulthood. Of 2875 articles identified, 12 published studies were included. The main themes included caregivers reporting dissatisfaction with the available adult services and exhaustion from being a caregiver. Overall, a vicious cycle of likely increased demands during the transition, with caregivers not being prepared to cope with these demands while concurrently being dissatisfied with the adult services system, leads the caregivers to develop a pervasive sense of helplessness. Future studies would benefit from recruiting caregivers from sources other than adult-only service centres and using qualitative (to identify the broad aspects of the key factors) and quantitative (to identify the significant differences between the key factors) methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivasangarey Kanthasamy
- School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, Singapore 387380, Singapore; (S.K.); (J.B.)
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore 539747, Singapore;
| | - Nazleen Miskon
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore 539747, Singapore;
| | - Joanna Barlas
- School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, Singapore 387380, Singapore; (S.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Nigel V. Marsh
- School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, Singapore 387380, Singapore; (S.K.); (J.B.)
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McKenzie K, Tanfield Y, Murray G, Sandhu R. Facilitating the identification of intellectual disability in schools: A qualitative study of stakeholder views. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13175. [PMID: 37969027 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many children experience delayed or missed identification of an intellectual disability diagnosis, meaning that key opportunities for early educational intervention may be lost. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the views of teachers, parents, and clinicians (n = 22), about the use of the Child and Adolescent Intellectual Disability Screening Questionnaire (CAIDS-Q) and what could improve screening and identification of intellectual disability in schools. Thematic analysis was used to identify relevant themes. RESULTS Three themes were identified: the need for, and role of, screening in the context of limited knowledge about intellectual disability; the impact of screening and subsequent identification of intellectual disability; and the context within which participants felt screening should take place in order to maximise its benefits. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed the importance and benefits of timely identification of children with an intellectual disability and the positive role that screening might play in this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen McKenzie
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yasmin Tanfield
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Rinku Sandhu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK
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10
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Josol CK, Fisher MH, Athamanah LS. Perspectives of Adults without Disabilities on their Friendships with Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2023; 27:613-632. [PMID: 35624542 DOI: 10.1177/17446295221104621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Friendships contribute to positive social outcomes such as the promotion of prosocial behaviors and social well-being and can lead to an overall healthy quality of life. Despite the importance of friendships, little is known about how individuals without disabilities develop and maintain friendships with individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Using a phenomenological research design, the current study explored the lived experiences of 17 adults without disabilities who discussed the development and maintenance of their friendship with an individual with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and subsequently collaborative, open coding was used to identify codes and themes across participants. Three main themes emerged related to 1) factors that facilitated friendship development; 2) factors that contributed to friendship maintenance; and 3) impacts of the friendship for both individuals with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities. Implications of the results are discussed as well as future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynde Katherine Josol
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Marisa H Fisher
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Lindsay S Athamanah
- Department of Educator Preparation and Leadership, University of Missouri-St. Louis, USA
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Pečnikar Oblak V, Campos MJ, Lemos S, Rocha M, Ljubotina P, Poteko K, Kárpáti O, Farkas J, Perényi S, Kustura U, Massart A, Doupona M. Narrowing the Definition of Social Inclusion in Sport for People with Disabilities through a Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2292. [PMID: 37628490 PMCID: PMC10454786 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept and practice of social inclusion in sport are still undefined, causing confusion both in the field of sport policy and practice. According to the United Nations (UN), a conceptual and analytical work on what constitutes inclusion is needed. Therefore, this study aims to define social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities by reviewing the existing literature. Using a scoping review framework, articles related to a possible definition of social inclusion in sport or to the elements of this definition were reviewed. For the eighteen (18) articles selected, the focus was on 152 statements, which were grouped into 6 main categories, namely: policy (29), fundamental conditions (28), key elements (30), soft skills (20), field gaps (31), and best practices (14). Ten keywords were extracted from each of the six categories using the free online program cortical.io. All 60 keywords were then compared with each other. After deleting the duplicates, 24 keywords remained, which were classified into five major categories: (1) key people, (2) key environments, (3) key ways to use, (4) key benefits, and (5) key barriers, in order to create a descriptive definition of social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities that can contribute to the goals of the UN 2030 Agenda. In addition to the definition, relevant issues were also raised for in-depth discussion and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Pečnikar Oblak
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Maria João Campos
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana Lemos
- Portuguese Association for Developmental Disorders and Autism of Coimbra (APPDA Coimbra), Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Av. Afonso Romão, 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Micaela Rocha
- Portuguese Association for Developmental Disorders and Autism of Coimbra (APPDA Coimbra), Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Av. Afonso Romão, 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Predrag Ljubotina
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
- School of Advanced Social Studies Nova Gorica, Gregorčičeva Ulica 19, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Kaja Poteko
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
| | | | - Judit Farkas
- Quality Assurance and Accreditation Office, Hungarian University of Sports Science, H-1123 Budapest, Hungary; (J.F.); (S.P.)
| | - Szilvia Perényi
- Quality Assurance and Accreditation Office, Hungarian University of Sports Science, H-1123 Budapest, Hungary; (J.F.); (S.P.)
| | - Urška Kustura
- Special Olympics Slovenia, Samova 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Alain Massart
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mojca Doupona
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
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12
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Windsor C, Zhang T, Wilson NJ, Blyth K, Ballentine N, Speyer R. Psychosocial-behavioural interventions for school-aged children with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review of randomised control trials. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:458-485. [PMID: 36814060 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based interventions are essential for school-aged children with intellectual disabilities to facilitate development and promote future independence. METHODS Using a PRISMA approach, systematic screening of five databases was undertaken. Original randomised controlled studies with psychosocial-behavioural interventions were included where participants were school aged (5-18 yrs) with documented intellectual disability. Study methodology was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. RESULTS Two thousand three hundred and three records were screened with 27 studies included. Studies mainly included primary school participants with mild intellectual disabilities. Most interventions focused on intellectual skills (e.g., memory, attention, literacy and mathematics) followed by adaptive skills (e.g., daily living, communication, social and education/vocation) and some focused on a combination of these. CONCLUSION This review highlights the gap in evidence-base for social, communication and education/vocation interventions with school-aged children with moderate and severe intellectual disability. Future RCTs that bridge this knowledge gap across ages and ability are required for best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona Windsor
- Department Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Department Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nathan J Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katrina Blyth
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Speech Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natalie Ballentine
- Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (Medicina Física y Rehabilitación), Clinica Alemana Santiago, Vitacura, Chile
| | - Renée Speyer
- Department Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Curtin School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Muñoz-López S, Molina-Garcia P, Gutiérrez-Cruz C, Ubago-Díaz R, Romero-Ayuso D, Ariza-Vega P. The influence of meaningful activities in the quality of life and functional autonomy of adults with intellectual disability: A prospective study during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:538-546. [PMID: 36754365 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic might negatively impact the quality of life and functional autonomy of Spanish adults with intellectual disability, and meaningful activities could prevent this negative progression. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study in Spanish adults with intellectual disability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quality of life, functional autonomy and functional independence were measured. The meaningful activities studied were structured-leisure, community self-management, and occupational and physical activities. RESULTS Seventy-three participants were included in the study. Quality of life and functional autonomy significantly deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic (all p > .001). Greater participation in community self-management activities before COVID-19 was associated with less detriment to quality of life (ß = -.312; p = .008), while greater participation in occupational and physical activities was associated with less detriment to the performance of instrumental activities (ß = -.317; p = .016; and ß = -.285; p = .030, respectively). CONCLUSION People with intellectual disability living in residential homes experienced a decrease in their quality of life and functional autonomy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their involvement in community self-management activities and physical and occupational activities before the pandemic had preventive effects on the detriment to the quality of life and functional autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Molina-Garcia
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Dulce Romero-Ayuso
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Patrocinio Ariza-Vega
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,PA-HELP "Physical Activity for HEaLth Promotion" Research Group, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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14
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Association of intellectual disability with overall and type-specific cardiovascular diseases: a population-based cohort study in Denmark. BMC Med 2023; 21:41. [PMID: 36747218 PMCID: PMC9903576 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with mental health problems have been shown to have an increased risk of cardiovascular disorder (CVD), but little is known about the risk of early-onset CVD among those with intellectual disability. We aimed to investigate the association between intellectual disability and subsequent CVD, taking into consideration the severity of intellectual disability and neurodevelopmental and neurologic comorbidity. METHODS This population-based cohort study used individual-level linked data from Danish national health registries. Participants were all live-born singletons born in Denmark during 1978-2016 (n = 2,288,393). Follow-up began from birth and continued until the onset of CVD, death, emigration, or December 31, 2018, whichever came first. Clinical diagnosis of any CVD or type-specific CVDs was identified in the Danish National Patient Register. Time-varying Cox regression analyses were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of intellectual disability associated with overall and type-specific CVDs. RESULTS A total of 11,954 individuals received a diagnosis of intellectual disability (7434 males and 4520 females). During a median follow-up time of 18.5 years (interquartile range, 18.1 years), 652 individuals with intellectual disability (5.5%) received a diagnosis of CVD (incidence rate, 2.4 per 1000 person-years), compared with 78,088 (3.4%) CVD cases in individuals without intellectual disability (incidence rate, 1.9 per 1000 person-years), corresponding to a HR of 1.24 (95% CI, 1.15-1.34). Increased risks of CVD were similar in both childhood (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.08-1.43) and early adulthood (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.14-1.38). For type-specific CVDs, intellectual disability was significantly associated with cerebrovascular disease (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 2.02-3.10), stroke (HR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.69-2.86), heart failure (HR, 3.56; 95% CI, 2.37-5.35), hypertensive disease (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.22-1.39), and deep vein thrombosis (HR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.60-2.75). Stratified HRs of overall CVD were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.01-1.30) for borderline/mild intellectual disability, 1.25 (95% CI, 1.01-1.54) for moderate intellectual disability, and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.47-2.48) for severe/profound intellectual disability. After the exclusion of individuals with neurodevelopmental and neurologic comorbidity, intellectual disability remained significantly associated with increased risks of CVD. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with intellectual disability had increased risks of early-onset CVD, in particular, for cerebrovascular disease, stroke, heart failure, and deep vein thrombosis, and the risks also increased with the severity of intellectual disability. Our findings highlight the awareness of increased risks of CVD in intellectual disability patients.
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15
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Thornicroft G, Sunkel C, Alikhon Aliev A, Baker S, Brohan E, El Chammay R, Davies K, Demissie M, Duncan J, Fekadu W, Gronholm PC, Guerrero Z, Gurung D, Habtamu K, Hanlon C, Heim E, Henderson C, Hijazi Z, Hoffman C, Hosny N, Huang FX, Kline S, Kohrt BA, Lempp H, Li J, London E, Ma N, Mak WWS, Makhmud A, Maulik PK, Milenova M, Morales Cano G, Ouali U, Parry S, Rangaswamy T, Rüsch N, Sabri T, Sartorius N, Schulze M, Stuart H, Taylor Salisbury T, Vera San Juan N, Votruba N, Winkler P. The Lancet Commission on ending stigma and discrimination in mental health. Lancet 2022; 400:1438-1480. [PMID: 36223799 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Thornicroft
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK.
| | | | - Akmal Alikhon Aliev
- National Institute of Mental Health (Czechia), WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Mental Health Research and Service Development, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Sue Baker
- Mind international, London, UK; Changing Minds Globally, London, UK
| | - Elaine Brohan
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | | | - Kelly Davies
- Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | - Mekdes Demissie
- College of Health Sciences and Medicine, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University, Ethiopia; Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Studies for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Wubalem Fekadu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Petra C Gronholm
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | - Zoe Guerrero
- National Institute of Mental Health (Czechia), WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Mental Health Research and Service Development, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Dristy Gurung
- Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK; Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO), Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Kassahun Habtamu
- Addis Ababa University, School of Psychology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Charlotte Hanlon
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Research and Training, King's College London, London UK; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Eva Heim
- Institut de Psychologie, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Henderson
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | | | | | - Nadine Hosny
- Institut de Psychologie, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Brandon A Kohrt
- Division of Global Mental Health, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Heidi Lempp
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, London UK
| | - Jie Li
- Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ning Ma
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Winnie W S Mak
- Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Akerke Makhmud
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | - Pallab K Maulik
- George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Milenova
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | | | - Uta Ouali
- Razi Hospital and El Manar Medical School, University of Tunis, La Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Sarah Parry
- South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Nicolas Rüsch
- Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University and BKH Günzburg, Ulm, Germany; Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Taha Sabri
- Taskeen Health Initiative, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Norman Sartorius
- Association for the Improvement of Mental health Programs, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Tatiana Taylor Salisbury
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | - Norha Vera San Juan
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | - Nicole Votruba
- and Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Petr Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health (Czechia), WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Mental Health Research and Service Development, Klecany, Czechia
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Bendixen RM, Benevides T, Ideishi R, Smythe R, Taylor J, Umeda C, Kerfeld C, Jirikowic T. Community Conversations: Stakeholder-Identified Research Priorities to Foster Community Participation for Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disability. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:873415. [PMID: 36188970 PMCID: PMC9397812 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.873415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To identify future research priorities and meaningful outcomes focused on community-level interventions for children and youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities and families, a group underrepresented in research, we established a diverse patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) community. We focused on engaging regionally and nationally-diverse stakeholders-individuals, families, healthcare professionals, community, and policy experts-in research development activities that would build partnerships and research capacity. This community of stakeholders also represented the matrix of systems, services, and programs that people frequent in their communities (e.g., cultural arts, worship, sports and recreation, and transportation). We present the engagement process and methods for including individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities as stakeholders in research planning and processes. The results of planning, completing, and evaluating three face-to-face research capacity-building meetings and their subsequent stakeholder engagement activities include: (1) individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their families clearly expressed a desire to be included and to feel good about their participation in community settings, (2) many of our stakeholders wanted action and change to happen in their communities now, and often did not realize or understand that research takes time, (3) organizations expressed a need for mentoring related to best practices for access and inclusive programming. Overarching issues around societal inclusion, equal opportunities, and life chances for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their families were front and center across communities and multi-stakeholder groups, and achieving change remains valued and a high priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanna M. Bendixen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Teal Benevides
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Roger Ideishi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Joshua Taylor
- College of Education and Human Development, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Caroline Umeda
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Dominican University of California, San Rafael, CA, United States
| | - Cheryl Kerfeld
- Division of Physical Therapy, Seattle Public Schools, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Tracy Jirikowic
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Chen JK. Improved DEMATEL-ISM integration approach for complex systems. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254694. [PMID: 34270630 PMCID: PMC8284662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) are commonly used separately, but also may be combined per their common characteristics to identify causal relationships and hierarchical structure among factors in complex systems with a relatively small computational burden. The purpose of this study is to establish an improved DEMATEL-ISM integration approach to remedy the disadvantages of the traditional DEMATEL-ISM integration method. A case study was conducted to compare the proposed improved integration approach against the traditional integration method, and to validate its feasibility and effectiveness. Methods The proposed improved DEMATEL-ISM integration approach has two main parts: a threshold determination via maximum mean de-entropy (MMDE) method and an additional transitivity check process. The factors influencing China’s rural-urban floating population’s willingness to participate in social insurance was analyzed as a case study. Results The traditional and improved methods show notable differences in the hierarchical factor structure and the inner influence relationship among factors that they respectively reveal. The traditional integration approach results in some irrationality, while the improved approach does not. Originality This study confirms the importance of proper threshold determination and reachability matrix transitivity checking during DEMATEL-ISM integration. The improved approach includes a scientific threshold determination method based on the MMDE method, plus a transitivity check of the reachability matrix with necessary corrections to ensure its soundness. It can be straightforwardly operated at a relatively low computational burden while providing accurate analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Kuang Chen
- Economics and Management College, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
- * E-mail:
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18
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Martin AJ, Strnadová I, Loblinzk J, Danker JC, Cumming TM. The role of mobile technology in promoting social inclusion among adults with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2021; 34:840-851. [DOI: 10.1111/jar.12869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Martin
- Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture School of Education University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Iva Strnadová
- Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture School of Education University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
- Disability Innovation Institute University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Julie Loblinzk
- Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture School of Education University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
- Self Advocacy Sydney, Inc Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Joanne C. Danker
- Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture School of Education University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Therese M. Cumming
- Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture School of Education University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
- Disability Innovation Institute University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
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Majnemer A, McGrath PJ, Baumbusch J, Camden C, Fallon B, Lunsky Y, Miller SP, Sansone G, Stainton T, Sumarah J, Thomson D, Zwicker J. Time to be counted: COVID-19 and intellectual and developmental disabilities—an RSC Policy Briefing. Facets (Ott) 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives and well-being of all people globally, with consequences being observed across all domains from physical and mental health, to education and employment outcomes, to access to community supports and services. However, the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated public health restrictions on individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) has largely been overlooked. Not only do people with IDD have a greater risk of severe complications and death from the virus as shown in large-scale studies, but they also face significant short- and long-term consequences of COVID-related public health measures on their mental health and well-being. At a time when this vulnerable population is already feeling undervalued, ignored, and forgotten, it is imperative that the risks facing adults and children with IDD—as well as their families and caregivers—are recognized, valued, and addressed through a disability-inclusive approach to Canada’s pandemic policy response planning. This requires both a mainstreaming of disability inclusion into all COVID-19 response and recovery policies as well as disability-specific policies to address the unique barriers and challenges encountered by people with IDD during the pandemic. The recommendations in this policy briefing aim to achieve a more inclusive, accessible, and sustainable Canada for people with IDD both during and after the pandemic—an approach that will result in benefits for all of society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Majnemer
- School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
| | - Patrick J. McGrath
- Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 2E2, Canada
- IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Baumbusch
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
- Canadian Institute of Health Research Chair in Sex & Gender Science, Ottawa, ON K1A 0W9, Canada
| | - Chantal Camden
- École de Réadaptation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- CRCHUS et à l’IUPLSSS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Barbara Fallon
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Yona Lunsky
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada
- Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Steven P. Miller
- Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Genevieve Sansone
- Fraser Mustard Policy Bench, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Tim Stainton
- School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Inclusion and Citizenship, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - John Sumarah
- Counselling Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer Zwicker
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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20
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The Design, Content and Delivery of Relationship and Sexuality Education Programmes for People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review of the International Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207568. [PMID: 33080975 PMCID: PMC7589668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is growing empirical evidence regarding the relationship and sexuality experiences and needs of children, young people and adults with intellectual disabilities. A total of twelve papers met the inclusion criteria regarding relationship and sexuality education (RSE) programmes specific to the needs of this population. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed and quality appraisal undertaken. The four themes identified were principles informing RSE programme development, design and content of RSE programmes, delivery of RSE programmes and evaluation of RSE programmes. The discussion presents areas that need to be addressed to ensure that people with intellectual disabilities, their families, carers and professionals are fully involved in the design and delivery of RSE programmes. Further research is required to identify the impact of the programmes and the sustained outcomes achieved. Recommendations are made regarding the activities required to enable the development of evidence-based and person-centred approaches to relationship and sexuality programmes.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review This review explores recent literature (from 2017 onwards) to identify current developments related to reducing stigma and increasing acceptance for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) in their communities across diverse cultures. Recent Findings We identified literature related to experiences of stigma for people with IDD and their families across diverse cultures, as well as current and potential interventions and approaches for promoting acceptance. Summary Although the literature confirms that stigma is still a major barrier to acceptance and inclusion for people with IDD regardless of culture, there appears to be progress in terms of using diverse approaches to support acceptance and belonging. Researchers are also increasingly acknowledging the importance of culture and context in the experience and mitigation of stigma. There remains a need for researchers and practitioners to include people with IDD in identifying and prioritising interventions that promote belonging within their communities.
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