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Seibt LE, Antonio EL, AzevedoTeixeira IL, de Oliveira HA, Dias ARL, Neves Dos Santos LF, Serra AJ. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Resistance Against Ventricular Arrhythmias Provoked in Rats with Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10773-9. [PMID: 39172208 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the role of the mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (MSCs) in provoked ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in animals with myocardial infarction (MI). The experimental groups were: sham, subjected to sham surgery and intramyocardial saline injection; MIV, infarcted rats subjected to intramyocardial saline injection; MI + MSCs, infarcted rats subjected to intramyocardial MSCs injection. Injections were performed two days after infarction and the arrhythmogenic inducibility experiment was performed the next day. Only 35% of the MI + MSCs group developed VAs, while the one in the MIV group was 65%. The proportion of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, sustained tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation was similar between the infarcted groups, but MSCs animals had shorter duration of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. However, MSCs increased connexin 43 content in the remote area, even above the levels found in the sham group. MSCs prevented the increase of IL-1β in the different areas of the myocardium. There was higher carbonylation and content of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE, a marker of lipoperoxidation) in the myocardium of infarcted rats, but MSCs attenuated the increase of 4-HNE in the infarcted area. In conclusion, MSCs have a protective effect against the development of arrhythmias, but do not imply a significant benefit for animals that have developed VAs. It is possible to think that the cardioprotection of MSCs involves anti-inflammatory/oxidative actions and improvement in the formation of communicating junctions.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Emília Seibt
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ednei Luiz Antonio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ighor Luiz AzevedoTeixeira
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helenita Antonia de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André Rodrigues Lourenço Dias
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Adeliño R, Martínez-Falguera D, Curiel C, Teis A, Marsal R, Rodríguez-Leor O, Prat-Vidal C, Fadeuilhe E, Aranyó J, Revuelta-López E, Sarrias A, Bazan V, Andrés-Cordón JF, Roura S, Villuendas R, Lupón J, Bayes-Genis A, Gálvez-Montón C, Bisbal F. Electrophysiological effects of adipose graft transposition procedure (AGTP) on the post-myocardial infarction scar: A multimodal characterization of arrhythmogenic substrate. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:983001. [PMID: 36204562 PMCID: PMC9530287 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.983001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the arrhythmic safety profile of the adipose graft transposition procedure (AGTP) and its electrophysiological effects on post-myocardial infarction (MI) scar. Background Myocardial repair is a promising treatment for patients with MI. The AGTP is a cardiac reparative therapy that reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function. The impact of AGTP on arrhythmogenesis has not been addressed. Methods MI was induced in 20 swine. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (ce-MRI), electrophysiological study (EPS), and left-ventricular endocardial high-density mapping were performed 15 days post-MI. Animals were randomized 1:1 to AGTP or sham-surgery group and monitored with ECG-Holter. Repeat EPS, endocardial mapping, and ce-MRI were performed 30 days post-intervention. Myocardial SERCA2, Connexin-43 (Cx43), Ryanodine receptor-2 (RyR2), and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) gene and protein expression were evaluated. Results The AGTP group showed a significant reduction of the total infarct scar, border zone and dense scar mass by ce-MRI (p = 0.04), and a decreased total scar and border zone area in bipolar voltage mapping (p < 0.001). AGTP treatment significantly reduced the area of very-slow conduction velocity (<0.2 m/s) (p = 0.002), the number of deceleration zones (p = 0.029), and the area of fractionated electrograms (p = 0.005). No differences were detected in number of induced or spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias at EPS and Holter-monitoring. SERCA2, Cx43, and RyR2 gene expression were decreased in the infarct core of AGTP-treated animals (p = 0.021, p = 0.018, p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusion AGTP is a safe reparative therapy in terms of arrhythmic risk and provides additional protective effect against adverse electrophysiological remodeling in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Adeliño
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daina Martínez-Falguera
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Curiel
- Boston Scientific Department, Barcelona Delegation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Teis
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roger Marsal
- Boston Scientific Department, Barcelona Delegation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Rodríguez-Leor
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Prat-Vidal
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edgar Fadeuilhe
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Aranyó
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Revuelta-López
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Axel Sarrias
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Bazan
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Roura
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Roger Villuendas
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Lupón
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Can Ruti Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Can Ruti Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carolina Gálvez-Montón,
| | - Felipe Bisbal
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Heart Institute (iCOR), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carolina Gálvez-Montón,
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Reddy LVK, Sen D. Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Differentiation, Angiogenesis, and Inflammation by the Delta Opioid Signaling in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kolettis TM, Bagli E, Barka E, Kouroupis D, Kontonika M, Vilaeti AD, Markou M, Roumpi M, Maltabe V, La Rocca V, Agathopoulos S, Fotsis T. Medium-term Electrophysiologic Effects of a Cellularized Scaffold Implanted in Rats After Myocardial Infarction. Cureus 2018; 10:e2959. [PMID: 30214847 PMCID: PMC6132679 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac repair strategies are being evaluated for myocardial infarctions, but the safety issues regarding their arrhythmogenic potential remain unresolved. By utilizing the in-vivo rat model, we have examined the medium-term electrophysiologic effects of a biomaterial scaffold that has been cellularized with spheroids of human adipose tissue, derived from mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells, which exhibit adequate differentiation capacity, were co-cultured with umbilical vein endothelial cells and were seeded on an alginate based scaffold. After in-vitro characterization, the cellularized scaffold was implanted in (n=15) adult Wistar rats 15 min post ligation of the left coronary artery, with an equal number of animals serving as controls. Two weeks thereafter, monophasic action potentials were recorded and activation-mapping was performed with a multi-electrode array. An arrhythmia score for inducible ventricular tachyarrhythmias was calculated after programmed electrical stimulation. Results The arrhythmia score was comparable between the treated animals and controls. No differences were detected in the local conduction at the infarct border and in the voltage rise in monophasic action potential recordings. Treatment did not affect the duration of local repolarization, but tended to enhance its dispersion. Conclusions The fabricated bi-culture cellularized scaffold displayed favorable properties after in-vitro characterization. Medium-term electrophysiologic assessment after implantation in the infarcted rat myocardium revealed low arrhythmogenic potential, but the long-term effects on repolarization dispersion will require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleni Bagli
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - Forth, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Eleonora Barka
- Ceramics and Composites Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - Forth, Ioannina, GRC
| | | | | | - Maria Markou
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - Forth, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Maria Roumpi
- Ceramics and Composites Laboratory, Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Violetta Maltabe
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - Forth, Ioannina, GRC
| | | | - Simeon Agathopoulos
- Ceramics and Composites Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Theodore Fotsis
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - Forth, Ioannina, GRC
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Absence of NUCKS augments paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem cells-mediated cardiac protection. Exp Cell Res 2017; 356:74-84. [PMID: 28412246 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) contribute to myocardial repair after myocardial infarction (MI) by secreting a panel of growth factors and cytokines. This study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of the nuclear casein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate 1 (NUCKS) in regulation of the profiles of BM-MSCs secretion and compare the therapeutic efficacy of NUCKS-/-- and wide type-BM-MSCs (WT-BM-MSCs) on MI. The secretion profiles between NUCKS-/-- and WT-BM-MSCs under hypoxia (1%O2) were analyzed. Gene function analysis showed that compared with WT-BM-MSCs-conditioned medium (CdM), some genes over-presented in NUCKS-/--BM-MSCs-CdM were closely associated with inflammatory response, regulation of cell proliferation, death, migration and secretion. Notably, VEGFa in NUCKS-/--BM-MSCs-CdM was higher than that of WT-BM-MSCs-CdM. WT-BM-MSCs and NUCKS-/--BM-MSCs were transplanted into the peri-infarct region in mice of MI. At 4 weeks after cell transplantation, NUCKS-/-- or WT-BM-MSCs group significantly improved heart function and vessels density and reduced infarction size and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, NUCKS-/--BM-MSCs provided better cardioprotective effects than WT-BM-MSCs against MI. Our study demonstrates that depletion of NUCKS enhances the therapeutic efficacy of BM-MSCs for MI via regulating the secretion.
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Golpanian S, Wolf A, Hatzistergos KE, Hare JM. Rebuilding the Damaged Heart: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Cell-Based Therapy, and Engineered Heart Tissue. Physiol Rev 2016; 96:1127-68. [PMID: 27335447 PMCID: PMC6345247 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00019.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are broadly distributed cells that retain postnatal capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. MSCs evade immune detection, secrete an array of anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic mediators, and very importantly activate resident precursors. These properties form the basis for the strategy of clinical application of cell-based therapeutics for inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. In cardiovascular medicine, administration of autologous or allogeneic MSCs in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy holds significant promise. Numerous preclinical studies of ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy employing MSC-based therapy have demonstrated that the properties of reducing fibrosis, stimulating angiogenesis, and cardiomyogenesis have led to improvements in the structure and function of remodeled ventricles. Further attempts have been made to augment MSCs' effects through genetic modification and cell preconditioning. Progression of MSC therapy to early clinical trials has supported their role in improving cardiac structure and function, functional capacity, and patient quality of life. Emerging data have supported larger clinical trials that have been either completed or are currently underway. Mechanistically, MSC therapy is thought to benefit the heart by stimulating innate anti-fibrotic and regenerative responses. The mechanisms of action involve paracrine signaling, cell-cell interactions, and fusion with resident cells. Trans-differentiation of MSCs to bona fide cardiomyocytes and coronary vessels is also thought to occur, although at a nonphysiological level. Recently, MSC-based tissue engineering for cardiovascular disease has been examined with quite encouraging results. This review discusses MSCs from their basic biological characteristics to their role as a promising therapeutic strategy for clinical cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Golpanian
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ariel Wolf
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Konstantinos E Hatzistergos
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Savi M, Bocchi L, Rossi S, Frati C, Graiani G, Lagrasta C, Miragoli M, Di Pasquale E, Stirparo GG, Mastrototaro G, Urbanek K, De Angelis A, Macchi E, Stilli D, Quaini F, Musso E. Antiarrhythmic effect of growth factor-supplemented cardiac progenitor cells in chronic infarcted heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 310:H1622-48. [PMID: 26993221 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00035.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
c-Kit(pos) cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) represent a successful approach in healing the infarcted heart and rescuing its mechanical function, but electrophysiological consequences are uncertain. CPC mobilization promoted by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and IGF-1 improved electrogenesis in myocardial infarction (MI). We hypothesized that locally delivered CPCs supplemented with HGF + IGF-1 (GFs) can concur in ameliorating electrical stability of the regenerated heart. Adult male Wistar rats (139 rats) with 4-wk-old MI or sham conditions were randomized to receive intramyocardial injection of GFs, CPCs, CPCs + GFs, or vehicle (V). Enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged CPCs were used for cell tracking. Vulnerability to stress-induced arrhythmia was assessed by telemetry-ECG. Basic cardiac electrophysiological properties were examined by epicardial multiple-lead recording. Hemodynamic function was measured invasively. Hearts were subjected to anatomical, morphometric, immunohistochemical, and molecular biology analyses. Compared with V and at variance with individual CPCs, CPCs + GFs approximately halved arrhythmias in all animals, restoring cardiac anisotropy toward sham values. GFs alone reduced arrhythmias by less than CPCs + GFs, prolonging ventricular refractoriness without affecting conduction velocity. Concomitantly, CPCs + GFs reactivated the expression levels of Connexin-43 and Connexin-40 as well as channel proteins of key depolarizing and repolarizing ion currents differently than sole GFs. Mechanical function and anatomical remodeling were equally improved by all regenerative treatments, thus exhibiting a divergent behavior relative to electrical aspects. Conclusively, we provided evidence of distinctive antiarrhythmic action of locally injected GF-supplemented CPCs, likely attributable to retrieval of Connexin-43, Connexin-40, and Cav1.2 expression, favoring intercellular coupling and spread of excitation in mended heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Savi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Caterina Frati
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Gallia Graiani
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Costanza Lagrasta
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Italy; Cardiac Stem Cell Interdepartmental Center "CISTAC," University of Parma, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Di Pasquale
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy; Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research-UOS Milan-National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Konrad Urbanek
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Emilio Macchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy; Cardiac Stem Cell Interdepartmental Center "CISTAC," University of Parma, Italy
| | - Donatella Stilli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy; Cardiac Stem Cell Interdepartmental Center "CISTAC," University of Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Quaini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Italy; Cardiac Stem Cell Interdepartmental Center "CISTAC," University of Parma, Italy
| | - Ezio Musso
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy; Cardiac Stem Cell Interdepartmental Center "CISTAC," University of Parma, Italy
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Azam MA, Wagg CS, Massé S, Farid T, Lai PFH, Kusha M, Asta J, Jaimes R, Kuzmiak-Glancy S, Kay MW, Lopaschuk GD, Nanthakumar K. Feeding the fibrillating heart: Dichloroacetate improves cardiac contractile dysfunction following VF. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1543-53. [PMID: 26342067 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00404.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is an important cause of sudden cardiac arrest following myocardial infarction. Following resuscitation from VF, decreased cardiac contractile function is a common problem. During and following myocardial ischemia, decreased glucose oxidation, increased anaerobic glycolysis for cardiac energy production are harmful and energetically expensive. The objective of the present study is to determine the effects of dichloroacetate (DCA), a glucose oxidation stimulator, on cardiac contractile dysfunction following ischemia-induced VF. Male Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were Langendorff perfused in Tyrode's buffer. Once stabilized, hearts were subjected to 15 min of global ischemia and 5 min of aerobic reperfusion in the presence or absence of DCA. At the 6th min of reperfusion, VF was induced electrically, and terminated. Left ventricular (LV) pressure was measured using a balloon. Pretreatment with DCA significantly improved post-VF left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and dp/dtmax. In DCA-pretreated hearts, post-VF lactate production and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) phosphorylation were significantly reduced, indicative of stimulated glucose oxidation, and inhibited anaerobic glycolysis by activation of PDH. Epicardial NADH fluorescence was increased during global ischemia above preischemic levels, but decreased below preischemia levels following VF, with no differences between nontreated controls and DCA-pretreated hearts, whereas DCA pretreatment increased NADH production in nonischemic hearts. With exogenous fatty acids (FA) added to the perfusion solution, DCA pretreatment also resulted in improvements in post-VF LVDP and dp/dtmax, indicating that the presence of exogenous FA did not affect the beneficial actions of DCA. In conclusion, enhancement of PDH activation by DCA mitigates cardiac contractile dysfunction following ischemia-induced VF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali Azam
- The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory S Wagg
- The Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; and
| | - Stéphane Massé
- The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Talha Farid
- The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick F H Lai
- The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marjan Kusha
- The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Asta
- The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rafael Jaimes
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | - Matthew W Kay
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- The Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; and
| | - Kumaraswamy Nanthakumar
- The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
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Zhu WZ, Filice D, Palpant NJ, Laflamme MA. Methods for assessing the electromechanical integration of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte grafts. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1181:229-47. [PMID: 25070341 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1047-2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells show tremendous promise for the replacement of myocardium and contractile function lost to infarction. However, until recently, no methods were available to directly determine whether these stem cell-derived grafts actually couple with host myocardium and fire synchronously following transplantation in either intact or injured hearts. To resolve this uncertainty, our group has developed techniques for the intravital imaging of hearts engrafted with stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes that have been modified to express the genetically encoded protein calcium sensor, GCaMP. When combined with the simultaneously recorded electrocardiogram, this protocol allows one to make quantitative assessments as to the presence and extent of host-graft electrical coupling as well as the timing and pattern of graft activation. As described here, this system has been employed to investigate the electromechanical integration of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in a guinea pig model of cardiac injury, but analogous approaches should be applicable to other human graft cell types and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
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