1
|
Fan G, Liu M, Liu J, Huang Y, Mu W. Traditional Chinese medicines treat ischemic stroke and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms. Phytother Res 2024; 38:411-453. [PMID: 38051175 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the leading causes of death and disability in humans. Unfortunately, none of the treatments effectively provide functional benefits to patients with IS, although many do so by targeting different aspects of the ischemic cascade response. The advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in preventing and treating IS are obvious in terms of early treatment and global coordination. The efficacy of TCM and its bioactive constituents has been scientifically proven over the past decades. Based on clinical trials, this article provides a review of commonly used TCM patent medicines and herbal decoctions indicated for IS. In addition, this paper also reviews the mechanisms of bioactive constituents in TCM for the treatment of IS in recent years, both domestically and internationally. A comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies will hopefully provide new ideas to address the threat of IS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genhao Fan
- Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Liu
- Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo P, Li L, Huang J, Mao D, Lou S, Ruan J, Chen J, Tang R, Shi Y, Zhou S, Yang H. The role of SUMOylation in the neurovascular dysfunction after acquired brain injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1125662. [PMID: 37033632 PMCID: PMC10073463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1125662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the most common disease of the nervous system, involving complex pathological processes, which often leads to a series of nervous system disorders. The structural destruction and dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit (NVU) are prominent features of ABI. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism underlying NVU destruction and its reconstruction is the key to the treatment of ABI. SUMOylation is a protein post-translational modification (PTM), which can degrade and stabilize the substrate dynamically, thus playing an important role in regulating protein expression and biological signal transduction. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of SUMOylation can clarify the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of neurovascular dysfunction after ABI and is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of potential treatment strategies. This article reviews the role of SUMOylation in vascular events related to ABI, including NVU dysfunction and vascular remodeling, and puts forward therapeutic prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengren Luo
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiashang Huang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Deqiang Mao
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Silong Lou
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Ruan
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ronghua Tang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - You Shi
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Zhou, ; Haifeng Yang,
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Zhou, ; Haifeng Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chou YY, Chien JY, Ciou JW, Huang SP. The Protective Effects of n-Butylidenephthalide on Retinal Ganglion Cells during Ischemic Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042095. [PMID: 35216208 PMCID: PMC8877670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically, acute ischemic symptoms in the eyes are one of the main causes of vision loss, with the associated inflammatory response and oxidative stress being the key factors that cause injury. Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common type of ischemic optic neuropathy (ION); however, there are still no effective or safe treatment options to date. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of n-butylidenephthalide (BP) treatment in an experimental NAION rodent model (rAION). BP (10 mg/kg) or PBS (control group) were administered on seven consecutive days in the rAION model. Rats were evaluated for visual function by flash visual evoked potentials (FVEPs) at 4 weeks after NAION induction. The retina and optic nerve were removed for histological examination after the rats were euthanized. The molecular machinery of BP treatment in the rAION model was analyzed using Western blotting. We discovered that BP effectively improves retinal ganglion cell survival rates by preventing apoptotic processes after AION induction and reducing the inflammatory response through which blood-borne macrophages infiltrate the optic nerve. In addition, BP significantly preserved the integrity of the myelin sheath in the rAION model, demonstrating that BP can prevent the development of demyelination. Our immunoblotting results revealed the molecular mechanism through which BP mitigates the neuroinflammatory response through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BP can be used as an exceptional neuroprotective agent for ischemic injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yau Chou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - Jia-Ying Chien
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Jhih-Wei Ciou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - Shun-Ping Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (J.-W.C.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung 472, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-8565-301 (ext. 2664)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
In 2001, the concept of the neurovascular unit was introduced at the Stroke Progress Review Group meeting. The neurovascular unit is an important element of the health and disease status of blood vessels and nerves in the central nervous system. Since then, the neurovascular unit has attracted increasing interest from research teams, who have contributed greatly to the prevention, treatment, and prognosis of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. However, additional research is needed to establish an efficient, low-cost, and low-energy in vitro model of the neurovascular unit, as well as enable noninvasive observation of neurovascular units in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we first summarize the composition of neurovascular units, then investigate the efficacy of different types of stem cells and cell culture methods in the construction of neurovascular unit models, and finally assess the progress of imaging methods used to observe neurovascular units in recent years and their positive role in the monitoring and investigation of the mechanisms of a variety of central nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwei Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Peifeng Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Provinve, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang L, Xiong X, Zhang L, Shen J. Neurovascular Unit: A critical role in ischemic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:7-16. [PMID: 33389780 PMCID: PMC7804897 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS), a common cerebrovascular disease, results from a sudden blockage of a blood vessel in the brain, thereby restricting blood supply to the area in question, and making a significantly negative impact on human health. Unfortunately, current treatments, that are mainly based on a recanalization of occluded blood vessels, are insufficient or inaccessible to many stroke patients. Recently, the profound influence of the neurovascular unit (NVU) on recanalization and the prognosis of IS have become better understood; in‐depth studies of the NVU have also provided novel approaches for IS treatment. In this article, we review the intimate connections between the changes in the NVU and IS outcomes, and discuss possible new management strategies having practical significance to IS. We discuss the concept of the NVU, as well as its roles in IS blood‐brain barrier regulation, cell preservation, inflammatory immune response, and neurovascular repair. Besides, we also summarize the influence of noncoding RNAs in NVU, and IS therapies targeting the NVU. We conclude that both the pathophysiological and neurovascular repair processes of IS are strongly associated with the homeostatic state of the NVU and that further research into therapies directed at the NVU could expand the range of treatments available for IS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou Branch), Shengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Peng M. Research Progress on Classical Traditional Chinese Medicine Jieyu Pills in the Treatment of Depression. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:3023-3033. [PMID: 33324063 PMCID: PMC7733407 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s282384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common clinical psychological disease, which is called "yu zheng" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). TCM has a long history in the treatment of depression (yu zheng), which has unique advantages. Jieyu pill (JYP), a classical TCM formula, has been widely used for treating depression because of its clear clinical efficacy, low side effects, and high compliance. In this review, we systematically introduce recent clinical and animal experimental studies on JYP and depression, and review the pharmacological mechanism and active ingredients of JYP, as well as its clinical application in depression therapy. This systematic review provides a deep understanding of TCM prescriptions, pharmacological mechanisms, and disease-medicine interactions, and lays the foundation for developing new treatments for depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Essential Role of Chinese Medicines in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 25:723-727. [PMID: 31782008 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-2708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke accounts for the majority of all strokes and has been primary causes of long-term disability and mortality in worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy suggests significantly improved effects on neurological functional outcome, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, blood-brain barrier permeability, inflammatory injury, neuroprotection and so on, following stroke. However, the occurrence of adverse effects results in restriction of the therapy. Chinese medicine accumulates abundant clinical experiences on stroke for over two thousand years, and some formulae and active ingredients of Chinese medicines have presented obvious efficacies in clinical treatment. Therefore, based on Chinese medicine theory, we provide some ideas of screening agents for combination treatment of Chinese medicines and MSC for ischemic stroke, and summarize the potentials of Chinese medicines in MSC treatment and analyze the feasibilities of Chinese medicines against side effects of MSC therapy. Consequently, we propose Chinese medicines combing with MSC should be a promising approach to clinical stroke treatment in future.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao YH, Liu NW, Ke CC, Liu BW, Chen YA, Luo C, Zhang Q, Xia ZY, Liu RS. Combined treatment of sodium ferulate, n-butylidenephthalide, and ADSCs rehabilitates neurovascular unit in rats after photothrombotic stroke. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:126-142. [PMID: 30421523 PMCID: PMC6307846 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The remodelling of structural and functional neurovascular unit (NVU) becomes a central therapeutic strategy after cerebral ischaemic stroke. In the present study, we investigated the effect of combined therapy of sodium ferulate (SF), n‐butylidenephthalide (BP) and adipose‐derived stromal cells (ADSCs) to ameliorate the injured NVU in the photochemically induced thrombotic stroke in rats. After solely or combined treatment, the neovascularization, activation of astrocytes, neurogenesis, expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and claudin‐5 were assessed by immunohistochemical or immunofluorescence staining. In order to uncover the underlying mechanism of therapeutic effect, signalling of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (AKT/mTOR), extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and Notch1 in infarct zone were analysed by western blot. 18F‐2‐deoxy‐glucose/positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, Evans blue staining were employed to evaluate the glucose metabolism, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and brain‐blood barrier (BBB) permeability, respectively. The results showed that combined treatment increased the neovascularization, neurogenesis, and VEGF secretion, modulated the astrocyte activation, enhanced the regional CBF, and glucose metabolism, as well as reduced BBB permeability and promoted claudin‐5 expression, indicating the restoration of structure and function of NVU. The activation of ERK1/2 and Notch1 pathways and inhibition of AKT/mTOR pathway might be involved in the therapeutic mechanism. In summary, we have demonstrated that combined ADSCs with SF and BP, targeting the NVU remodelling, is a potential treatment for ischaemic stroke. These results may provide valuable information for developing future combined cellular and pharmacological therapeutic strategy for ischaemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Nai-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Chien-Chih Ke
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Yi-An Chen
- Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen-Yan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ren-Shyan Liu
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and National PET/Cyclotron Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|