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Kim MS, Glassman D, Handley KF, Lankenau Ahumada A, Jennings NB, Bayraktar E, Foster K, Joseph R, Lee S, Coleman RL, Sood AK. Mechanism and rational combinations with GP-2250, a novel oxathiazine derivative, in ovarian cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70031. [PMID: 39114948 PMCID: PMC11306972 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GP-2250, a novel analog of taurultam (TRLT), has emerged as a potent anti-neoplastic drug; however, the mechanisms underlying its effects are not well understood. Here, we investigated the mechanism of action and the biological effects of GP-2250 using in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS We carried out a series of in vitro (MTT assay, Annexin V/PI assay, colony formation assay, reverse-phase protein array [RPPA], and HRLC/IC analysis) to determine the biological activity of GP-2250 and investigate the mechanism of action. In vivo experiments were carried out to determine the therapeutic efficacy of GP-2250 alone and in combination with standard-of-care drugs (e.g., paclitaxel, cisplatin, topotecan, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase [PARP] inhibitors). RESULTS We investigated the cytotoxic effect of GP-2250 in 10 ovarian cancer cell lines and found GP-2250 combined with a PARP inhibitor had the greatest synergy. RPPA revealed that GP-2250 inhibited hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, AKT, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and expression. High-resolution mass spectrometry revealed that hexokinase2 activity and protein expression were significantly reduced by GP-2250 exposure. Furthermore, GP-2250 reduced glycolysis and ATP synthesis in cancer cells. An in vivo pharmacodynamic experiment using the OVCAR8 mouse model demonstrated that 500 mg/kg GP-2250 was effective in downregulating AKT and mTOR activation and expression. In the in vivo therapy experiment using an orthotopic mouse model, a combination of GP-2250 with either PARP inhibitors or bevacizumab showed a significant reduction of tumor weights and nodules compared to those treated with a vehicle, control IgG groups, or monotherapy groups. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicate that GP-2250 exerts profound effects on tumor metabolism and, in combination with PARP inhibitors or bevacizumab, showed promising anti-tumor efficacy. These findings could have implications for the clinical development of GP-2250.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Kim
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Deanna Glassman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Katelyn F. Handley
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFloridaUSA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Adrian Lankenau Ahumada
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Nicholas B. Jennings
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Katherine Foster
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Robiya Joseph
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
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Kokabu T, Tarumi Y, Aoki K, Okamura A, Aoyama K, Kataoka H, Yoriki K, Mori T. Effects of PARP Inhibitors on Subsequent Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2651. [PMID: 39123379 PMCID: PMC11311867 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer have been significantly improved by Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP-is). However, the best therapeutic strategy for recurrence during PARP-i maintenance therapy remains unknown. Herein, we elucidated the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy after PARP-i treatment in recurrent ovarian cancer. Eligible patients had experienced relapses during PARP-i maintenance therapy lasting at least 6 months and had received subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy at our institution between January 2019 and March 2024. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and risk factors for PFS were evaluated. Sixty-six patients were assessed for eligibility and eighteen were enrolled. The median follow-up period was 14.5 months. The PFS and OS of all patients were 6.5 and 17.6 months, respectively. The evaluation of the risk factors for PFS revealed that age, pathological type, duration of PARP-i maintenance therapy, prior lines of chemotherapy, and PARP-i dose reduction were not significant prognostic markers. However, bevacizumab use in subsequent therapies significantly extended the PFS. The median PFS was 3.1 months in the chemotherapy-alone group and 8.9 months in the chemotherapy with bevacizumab group (log-rank p = 0.022). Platinum-based chemotherapy with bevacizumab in subsequent therapies would provide substantial benefits in the PFS of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kokabu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (Y.T.); (K.A.); (A.O.); (K.A.); (H.K.); (K.Y.); (T.M.)
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Nozaki T, Sakamoto I, Kagami K, Amemiya K, Hirotsu Y, Mochizuki H, Omata M. Clinical and molecular biomarkers predicting response to PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2024; 35:e55. [PMID: 38330378 PMCID: PMC11262903 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2024.35.e55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the useful biomarker for predicting the effects of poly-(ADP ribose)-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in Japanese patients with ovarian cancer. METHODS We collected clinical information and performed molecular biological analysis on 42 patients with ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal carcinomas who received PARP inhibitors. RESULTS Among the analyzed patients with ovarian cancer, 23.8% had germline BRCA mutation (gBRCAm), 42.9% had homologous recombination repair-related gene mutation (HRRm), and 61.1% had a genomic instability score (GIS) of ≥42. Patients with HRRm had a significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) than those without HRRm (median PFS 35.6 vs. 7.9 months; p=0.009), with a particularly marked increase in PFS in patients with gBRCAm (median PFS 42.3 months). Similarly, among patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, those with HRRm had a longer PFS than those without HRRm (median PFS 42.3 vs. 7.7 months; p=0.040). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis found that performance status and gBRCAm status were independent factors associated with prolonged PFS with PARP inhibitors. In recurrent ovarian cancer, multivariate regression analysis identified platinum-free interval (PFI) in addition to performance status as a significant predictor of PFS. On the contrary, no significant association was observed between PFS and a GIS of ≥42 used in clinical practice. CONCLUSION We found that HRRm can be a useful biomarker for predicting the effects of PARP inhibitors in treating ovarian cancer and that the PFI can also be useful in recurrent ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nozaki
- Department of Gynecology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan.
| | - Ikuko Sakamoto
- Department of Gynecology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Keiko Kagami
- Department of Gynecology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | | | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Aljardali MW, Kremer KM, Parker JE, Fleming E, Chen H, Lea JS, Kraus WL, Camacho CV. Nucleolar Localization of the RNA Helicase DDX21 Predicts Survival Outcomes in Gynecologic Cancers. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1495-1504. [PMID: 38767454 PMCID: PMC11172406 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells with DNA repair defects (e.g., BRCA1/2 mutant cells) are vulnerable to PARP inhibitors (PARPi) due to induction of synthetic lethality. However, recent clinical evidence has shown that PARPi can prevent the growth of some cancers irrespective of their BRCA1/2 status, suggesting alternative mechanisms of action. We previously discovered one such mechanism in breast cancer involving DDX21, an RNA helicase that localizes to the nucleoli of cells and is a target of PARP1. We have now extended this observation in endometrial and ovarian cancers and provided links to patient outcomes. When PARP1-mediated ADPRylation of DDX21 is inhibited by niraparib, DDX21 is mislocalized to the nucleoplasm resulting in decreased rDNA transcription, which leads to a reduction in ribosome biogenesis, protein translation, and ultimately endometrial and ovarian cancer cell growth. High PARP1 expression was associated with high nucleolar localization of DDX21 in both cancers. High nucleolar DDX21 negatively correlated with calculated IC50s for niraparib. By studying endometrial cancer patient samples, we were able to show that high DDX21 nucleolar localization was significantly associated with decreased survival. Our study suggests that the use of PARPi as a cancer therapeutic can be expanded to further types of cancers and that DDX21 localization can potentially be used as a prognostic factor and as a biomarker for response to PARPi. SIGNIFICANCE Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers for response to PARPi outside of homologous recombination deficiency. Herein we present a unique potential biomarker, with clear functional understanding of the molecular mechanism by which DDX21 nucleolar localization can predict response to PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa W. Aljardali
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kevin M. Kremer
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jessica E. Parker
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Elaine Fleming
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jayanthi S. Lea
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - W. Lee Kraus
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cristel V. Camacho
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Zhou L, Wan Y, Zhang L, Meng H, Yuan L, Zhou S, Cheng W, Jiang Y. Beyond monotherapy: An era ushering in combinations of PARP inhibitors with immune checkpoint inhibitors for solid tumors. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116733. [PMID: 38754267 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of PARP inhibitors (PARPis) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has marked a significant shift in the treatment landscape for solid tumors. Emerging preclinical evidence and initial clinical trials have indicated that the synergistic application of PARPis and ICIs may enhance treatment efficacy and potentially improve long-term patient outcomes. Nonetheless, how to identify specific tumor types and molecular subgroups most likely to benefit from this combination remains an area of ongoing research. This review thoroughly examines current studies on the co-administration of PARPis and ICIs across various solid tumors. It explores the underlying mechanisms of action, evaluates clinical efficacy, identifies potential responder populations, and delineates common adverse events alongside strategic management approaches. The aim is to offer a detailed understanding of this combination therapy, potentially guiding future therapeutic strategies for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yicong Wan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Huangyang Meng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shulin Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wenjun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Vorderbruggen M, Velázquez-Martínez CA, Natarajan A, Karpf AR. PROTACs in Ovarian Cancer: Current Advancements and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5067. [PMID: 38791105 PMCID: PMC11121112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy. The majority of patients diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer will relapse, at which point additional therapies can be administered but, for the most part, these are not curative. As such, a need exists for the development of novel therapeutic options for ovarian cancer patients. Research in the field of targeted protein degradation (TPD) through the use of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has significantly increased in recent years. The ability of PROTACs to target proteins of interest (POI) for degradation, overcoming limitations such as the incomplete inhibition of POI function and the development of resistance seen with other inhibitors, is of particular interest in cancer research, including ovarian cancer research. This review provides a synopsis of PROTACs tested in ovarian cancer models and highlights PROTACs characterized in other types of cancers with potential high utility in ovarian cancer. Finally, we discuss methods that will help to enable the selective delivery of PROTACs to ovarian cancer and improve the pharmacodynamic properties of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makenzie Vorderbruggen
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA; (M.V.); (A.N.)
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA
| | | | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA; (M.V.); (A.N.)
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA
| | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA; (M.V.); (A.N.)
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA
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Yu X, Pan M, Jiang L, Liu K. NDC80 Kinetochore Complex Serves as a Potential Prognostic Predictor and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:1789-1805. [PMID: 38711823 PMCID: PMC11073534 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s450976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study focuses on evaluating the prognostic value of the NDC80 kinetochore complex in ovarian cancer (OC) using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and reveals the relationship between the NDC80 complex and immune infiltrates in OC. Methods We collected data on NDC80 complex expression levels in both OC tissues and non-OC ovarian tissues from the University of California Santa Cruz Xena and GEO databases. The clinicopathological characteristics correlated with overall survival were analyzed using Cox regression and the Kaplan-Meier method. Gene Ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, gene set enrichment analysis and CIBERSORT were performed using data from TCGA database. Immunohistochemical staining was used to verify the higher expression level of NUF2 protein in OC in vitro. Meanwhile, we utilized the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource to analyze the correlation between the NDC80 complex and immunocyte infiltration. Results The NDC80 complex expression level was prominently higher in OC tissues than in non-OC ovarian tissues and correlated with advanced histologic grade characteristics. Gene expression profiling interactive analysis and the Kaplan-Meier survival curve uncovered a close relationship between high expression of the NDC80 complex and poor overall survival in OC patients. The univariate Cox regression hazard model produced age, pathologic stage, tumor status, primary therapy outcome, SPC24 expression level, and Karnofsky performance score as prognostic factors for OC patients. NDC80 complex expression levels were highly associated with immune cell infiltration, showing NK CD56 bright cells and NK cells with a negative correlation and T helper 2 cells with a positive correlation (P<0.05). Conclusion These findings provide evidence that an increased expression level of the NDC80 complex is closely associated with the progression of OC and could also serve as a novel target of immunotherapy in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meizhu Pan
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kuiran Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Wehn AK, Qiu P, Lunceford J, Yarunin A, Cristescu R, Liu L, Roessler K, Bilke S, Day JR, Timms KM, Weichert W, Marton MJ. Concordance between an FDA-approved companion diagnostic and an alternative assay kit for assessing homologous recombination deficiency in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 184:67-73. [PMID: 38290412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Authors evaluated the performance of a commercially available next-generation sequencing assay kit; this was based on genomic content from Illumina's TruSight™ Oncology 500 research assay that identifies BRCA variants and proprietary algorithms licensed from Myriad and, with additional genomic content, measures the homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) genomic instability score (GIS) in tumor tissue (TSO 500 HRD assay). METHODS Data from the TSO 500 HRD assay were compared with data from the Myriad MyChoice®CDx PLUS assay (Myriad assay). Prevalence rates for overall HRD status and BRCA mutations (a deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation or both) and assay agreement rates for HRD GIS and BRCA analysis were assessed in ovarian tumor samples. Pearson correlations of the continuous HRD GIS and analytic sensitivity and specificity were evaluated. RESULTS The prevalence of overall HRD positivity was 51.2% (TSO 500 HRD assay) versus 49.2% (Myriad assay) and the prevalence of BRCA mutations was 27.6% (TSO 500 HRD assay) versus 25.5% (Myriad assay). After post-processing optimization, concordance of the HRD GIS was 0.980 in all samples and 0.976 in the non-BRCA mutation cohort; the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.995 and 0.992, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Comparison between the Illumina and Myriad assays showed that overall HRD status, the individual components of BRCA analysis, and HRD GIS detection results were highly concordant (>93%), suggesting the TSO 500 HRD assay will approach the analytical accuracy of the FDA-approved Myriad assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Wehn
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
| | - Ping Qiu
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
| | - Jared Lunceford
- MRL, Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
| | - Alexander Yarunin
- Scientific Affairs for Global Oncology, AstraZeneca, Milton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Li Liu
- Assay Development, Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - Sven Bilke
- Bioinformatics, Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - John R Day
- Assay Development, Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
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ALEMZADEH EFFAT, ALLAHQOLI LEILA, MAZIDIMORADI AFROOZ, ALEMZADEH ESMAT, GHASEMI FAHIMEH, SALEHINIYA HAMID, ALKATOUT IBRAHIM. Deciphering resistance mechanisms and novel strategies to overcome drug resistance in ovarian cancer: a comprehensive review. Oncol Res 2024; 32:831-847. [PMID: 38686048 PMCID: PMC11055988 DOI: 10.32604/or.2024.031006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is among the most lethal gynecological cancers, primarily due to the lack of specific symptoms leading to an advanced-stage diagnosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Drug resistance (DR) poses the most significant challenge in treating patients with existing drugs. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved three new therapeutic drugs, including two poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (olaparib and niraparib) and one vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor (bevacizumab) for maintenance therapy. However, resistance to these new drugs has emerged. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of DR and exploring new approaches to overcome them is crucial for effective management. In this review, we summarize the major molecular mechanisms of DR and discuss novel strategies to combat DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- EFFAT ALEMZADEH
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - LEILA ALLAHQOLI
- Department of Midwifery, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - AFROOZ MAZIDIMORADI
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - ESMAT ALEMZADEH
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - FAHIMEH GHASEMI
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - HAMID SALEHINIYA
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - IBRAHIM ALKATOUT
- Kiel School of Gynaecological Endoscopy, Campus Kiel, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Arcieri M, Tius V, Andreetta C, Restaino S, Biasioli A, Poletto E, Damante G, Ercoli A, Driul L, Fagotti A, Lorusso D, Scambia G, Vizzielli G. How BRCA and homologous recombination deficiency change therapeutic strategies in ovarian cancer: a review of literature. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1335196. [PMID: 38525421 PMCID: PMC10957789 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1335196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
About 50% of High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer exhibit a high degree of genomic instability due to mutation of genes involved in Homologous Recombination (HRD) and such defect accounts for synthetic lethality mechanism of PARP inhibitors (PARP-i). Several clinical trials have shown how BRCA and HRD mutational status profoundly affect first line chemotherapy as well as response to maintenance therapy with PARP-i, hence Progression Free Survival and Overall Survival. Consequently, there is urgent need for the development of increasingly reliable HRD tests, overcoming present limitations, as they play a key role in the diagnostic and therapeutic process as well as have a prognostic and predictive value. In this review we offer an overview of the state of the art regarding the actual knowledge about BRCA and HRD mutational status, the rationale of PARPi use and HRD testing (current and in development assays) and their implications in clinical practice and in the treatment decision process, in order to optimize and choose the best tailored therapy in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Arcieri
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Veronica Tius
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Claudia Andreetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Restaino
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Anna Biasioli
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Elena Poletto
- Department of Medical Oncology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Medical Genetics Institute, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ercoli
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Childhood “G. Barresi”, Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Lorenza Driul
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Lorusso
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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11
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Wu M, Zhang W, He L, Zhu Y, Jiang X, Zhang L, Yuan X, Li T. High-grade serous papillary ovarian carcinoma combined with nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: a case report. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1298109. [PMID: 38515573 PMCID: PMC10956574 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1298109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple primary malignant neoplasms are a rare gynecologic malignancy; particularly, cases originating from the heterologous organs, such as the ovary and cervix. Here, we report a case of two primary malignant neoplasms in a patient who had undergone laparoscopic radical hysterectomy + bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy + pelvic lymph node dissection + para-aortic lymphadenectomy + appendectomy + omentectomy + metastasectomy under general anesthesia. The patient experienced complete remission after six courses of postoperative chemotherapy with a standard Taxol and Carboplatin regimen. Genetic testing was performed to detect BRCA2 mutations, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors were used for maintenance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyuan Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lianli He
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiwei Yuan
- Department of Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, China
| | - Tingchao Li
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, China
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12
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Wang Y, Gao B, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhu X, Yang H, Zhang F, Zhu X, Zhou B, Yao S, Nagayama A, Lee S, Ouyang J, Koh SB, Eisenhauer EL, Zarrella D, Lu K, Rueda BR, Zou L, Su XA, Yeku O, Ellisen LW, Wang XS, Lan L. Meiotic protein SYCP2 confers resistance to DNA-damaging agents through R-loop-mediated DNA repair. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1568. [PMID: 38383600 PMCID: PMC10881575 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Drugs targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) are widely used in cancer therapy, but resistance to these drugs remains a major clinical challenge. Here, we show that SYCP2, a meiotic protein in the synaptonemal complex, is aberrantly and commonly expressed in breast and ovarian cancers and associated with broad resistance to DDR drugs. Mechanistically, SYCP2 enhances the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) through transcription-coupled homologous recombination (TC-HR). SYCP2 promotes R-loop formation at DSBs and facilitates RAD51 recruitment independently of BRCA1. SYCP2 loss impairs RAD51 localization, reduces TC-HR, and renders tumors sensitive to PARP and topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitors. Furthermore, our studies of two clinical cohorts find that SYCP2 overexpression correlates with breast cancer resistance to antibody-conjugated TOP1 inhibitor and ovarian cancer resistance to platinum treatment. Collectively, our data suggest that SYCP2 confers cancer cell resistance to DNA-damaging agents by stimulating R-loop-mediated DSB repair, offering opportunities to improve DDR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Boya Gao
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 213 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Luyuan Zhang
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Xudong Wang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Xiaolan Zhu
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Haibo Yang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Fengqi Zhang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 213 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Badi Zhou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Sean Yao
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Aiko Nagayama
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5117 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Jian Ouyang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Siang-Boon Koh
- School of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol; University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Eric L Eisenhauer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 55 Fruit St, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dominique Zarrella
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 55 Fruit St, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kate Lu
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Bo R Rueda
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 55 Fruit St, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 55 Fruit St, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lee Zou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, 213 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xiaofeng A Su
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Oladapo Yeku
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Leif W Ellisen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xiao-Song Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5117 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Li Lan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 213 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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13
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Richau CS, Scherer NDM, Matta BP, de Armas EM, de Barros Moreira FC, Bergmann A, Pereira Chaves CB, Boroni M, dos Santos ACE, Moreira MAM. BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 germline and somatic variants and clinicopathological characteristics of Brazilian patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6729. [PMID: 38308422 PMCID: PMC10905552 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 3/4 of ovarian cancers are diagnosed in advanced stages, with the high-grade epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) accounting for 90% of the cases. EOC present high genomic instability and somatic loss-of-function variants in genes associated with homologous recombination mutational repair pathway (HR), such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, and in TP53. The identification of germline variants in HR genes in EOC is relevant for treatment of platinum resistant tumors and relapsed tumors with therapies based in synthetic lethality such as PARP inhibitors. Patients with somatic variants in HR genes may also benefit from these therapies. In this work was analyzed the frequency of somatic variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 in an EOC cohort of Brazilian patients, estimating the proportion of variants in tumoral tissue and their association with progression-free survival and overall survival. METHODS The study was conducted with paired blood/tumor samples from 56 patients. Germline and tumoral sequences of BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 were obtained by massive parallel sequencing. The HaplotypeCaller method was used for calling germline variants, and somatic variants were called with Mutect2. RESULTS A total of 26 germline variants were found, and seven patients presented germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2. The analysis of tumoral tissue identified 52 somatic variants in 41 patients, being 43 somatic variants affecting or likely affecting protein functionality. Survival analyses showed that tumor staging was associated with overall survival (OS), while the presence of somatic mutation in TP53 was not associated with OS or progression-free survival. CONCLUSION Frequency of pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (12.5%) was lower in comparison with other studies. TP53 was the most altered gene in tumors, with 62.5% presenting likely non-functional or non-functional somatic variants, while eight 14.2% presented likely non-functional or non-functional somatic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruna Palma Matta
- Tumoral Genetics and Virology ProgramInstituto Nacional de CâncerRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Present address:
Hospital BP ‐ A Beneficência Portuguesa de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | | | | | - Anke Bergmann
- Clinical EpidemiologyInstituto Nacional de CâncerRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | | | - Mariana Boroni
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology LaboratoryInstituto Nacional de CâncerRio de JaneiroBrazil
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14
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Bhat Y, Thrishna MR, Banerjee S. Molecular targets and therapeutic strategies for triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10535-10577. [PMID: 37924450 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for its heterogeneous complexity and is often difficult to treat. TNBC lacks the expression of major hormonal receptors like estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 and is further subdivided into androgen receptor (AR) positive and AR negative. In contrast, AR negative is also known as quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBC). Compared to AR-positive TNBC, QNBC has a great scarcity of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. QNBC shows excessive cellular growth and proliferation of tumor cells due to increased expression of growth factors like EGF and various surface proteins. This study briefly reviews the limited data available as protein biomarkers that can be used as molecular targets in treating TNBC as well as QNBC. Targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently changed cancer treatment. Many studies in medicinal chemistry continue to focus on the synthesis of novel compounds to discover new antiproliferative medicines capable of treating TNBC despite the abundance of treatments currently on the market. Drug repurposing is one of the therapeutic methods for TNBC that has been examined. Moreover, some additional micronutrients, nutraceuticals, and functional foods may be able to lower cancer risk or slow the spread of malignant diseases that have already been diagnosed with cancer. Finally, nanomedicines, or applications of nanotechnology in medicine, introduce nanoparticles with variable chemistry and architecture for the treatment of cancer. This review emphasizes the most recent research on nutraceuticals, medication repositioning, and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashasvi Bhat
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - M R Thrishna
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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15
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Choi MS, Lee CY, Kim JH, Lee YM, Lee S, Kim HJ, Heo K. Gramicidin, a Bactericidal Antibiotic, Is an Antiproliferative Agent for Ovarian Cancer Cells. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2059. [PMID: 38138162 PMCID: PMC10744341 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Gramicidin, a bactericidal antibiotic used in dermatology and ophthalmology, has recently garnered attention for its inhibitory actions against cancer cell growth. However, the effects of gramicidin on ovarian cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. We aimed to elucidate the anticancer efficacy of gramicidin against ovarian cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The anticancer effect of gramicidin was investigated through an in vitro experiment. We analyzed cell proliferation, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells using WST-1 assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL), DNA agarose gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry and western blot. Results: Gramicidin treatment induces dose- and time-dependent decreases in OVCAR8, SKOV3, and A2780 ovarian cancer cell proliferation. TUNEL assay and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed that gramicidin caused DNA fragmentation in ovarian cancer cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated that gramicidin induced cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, we confirmed via Western blot that gramicidin triggered apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest that gramicidin exerts its inhibitory effect on cancer cell growth by triggering apoptosis. Conclusively, this study provides new insights into the previously unexplored anticancer properties of gramicidin against ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sung Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (M.S.C.); (Y.M.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Chae Yeon Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (C.Y.L.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Ji Hyeon Kim
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (C.Y.L.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Yul Min Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (M.S.C.); (Y.M.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Sukmook Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (M.S.C.); (Y.M.L.); (S.L.)
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (C.Y.L.); (J.H.K.)
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (M.S.C.); (Y.M.L.); (S.L.)
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (C.Y.L.); (J.H.K.)
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun Heo
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (M.S.C.); (Y.M.L.); (S.L.)
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (C.Y.L.); (J.H.K.)
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
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16
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Zhao L, Ye S, Jing S, Gao YJ, He T. Targeting TRIP13 for overcoming anticancer drug resistance (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:202. [PMID: 37800638 PMCID: PMC10565899 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the greatest dangers to human wellbeing and survival. A key barrier to effective cancer therapy is development of resistance to anti‑cancer medications. In cancer cells, the AAA+ ATPase family member thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) is key in promoting treatment resistance. Nonetheless, knowledge of the molecular processes underlying TRIP13‑based resistance to anticancer therapies is lacking. The present study evaluated the function of TRIP13 expression in anticancer drug resistance and potential methods to overcome this resistance. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms by which TRIP13 promotes resistance to anticancer drugs were explored, including induction of mitotic checkpoint complex surveillance system malfunction, promotion of DNA repair, the enhancement of autophagy and the prevention of immunological clearance. The effects of combination treatment, which include a TRIP13 inhibitor in addition to other inhibitors, were discussed. The present study evaluated the literature on TRIP13 as a possible target and its association with anticancer drug resistance, which may facilitate improvements in current anticancer therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhao
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Ye
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Jing
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jing Gao
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Tianzhen He
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
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17
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Liu C, Fang J, Kang W, Yang Y, Yu C, Chen H, Zhang Y, Ouyang H. Identification of novel potential homologous repair deficiency-associated genes in pancreatic adenocarcinoma via WGCNA coexpression network analysis and machine learning. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2392-2408. [PMID: 38124367 PMCID: PMC10802216 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2293594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Homologous repair deficiency (HRD) impedes double-strand break repair, which is a common driver of carcinogenesis. Positive HRD status can be used as theranostic markers of response to platinum- and PARP inhibitor-based chemotherapies. Here, we aimed to fully investigate the therapeutic and prognostic potential of HRD in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and identify effective biomarkers related to HRD using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. The HRD score was defined as the unweighted sum of the LOH, TAI, and LST scores, and it was obtained based on the previous literature. To characterize PAAD immune infiltration subtypes, the "ConsensusClusterPlus" package in R was used to conduct unsupervised clustering. A WGCNA was conducted to elucidate the gene coexpression modules and hub genes in the HRD-related gene module of PAAD. The functional enrichment study was performed using Metascape. LASSO analysis was performed using the "glmnet" package in R, while the random forest algorithm was realized using the "randomForest" package in R. The prognostic variables were evaluated using univariate Cox analysis. The prognostic risk model was built using the LASSO approach. ROC curve and KM survival analyses were performed to assess the prognostic potential of the risk model. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the PARP inhibitors was estimated using the "pRRophetic" package in R and the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database. The "rms" package in R was used to create the nomogram. A high HRD score indicated a poor prognosis and an advanced clinical process in PAAD patients. PAAD tumors with high HRD levels revealed significant T helper lymphocyte depletion, upregulated levels of cancer stem cells, and increased sensitivity to rucaparib, Olaparib, and veliparib. Using WGCNA, 11 coexpression modules were obtained. The red module and 122 hub genes were identified as the most correlated with HRD in PAAD. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the 122 hub genes were mainly concentrated in cell cycle pathways. One novel HRD-related gene signature consisting of CKS1B, HJURP, and TPX2 were screened via LASSO analysis and a random forest algorithm, and they were validated using independent validation sets. No direct association between HRD and CKS1B, HJURP, or TPX2 has not been reported in the literature so far. Thus, these findings indicated that CKS1B, HJURP, and TPX2 have potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PAAD. We constructed a novel HRD-related prognostic model that provides new insights into PAAD prognosis and immunotherapy. Based on bioinformatics analysis, we comprehensively explored the therapeutic and prognostic potential of HRD in PAAD. One novel HRD-related gene signature consisting of CKS1B, HJURP, and TPX2 were identified through the combination of WGCNA, LASSO analysis and a random forest algorithm. A novel HRD-related risk model that can predict clinical prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in PAAD patients was constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- Department of General surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Department of Nursing, The People’s Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Weibiao Kang
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Changjun Yu
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yongwei Zhang
- Department of general surgery, Anqing First People’s Hospital, Anqing, Anhui Province, China
| | - Huan Ouyang
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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18
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Beneyton A, Nonfoux L, Gagné JP, Rodrigue A, Kothari C, Atalay N, Hendzel M, Poirier G, Masson JY. The dynamic process of covalent and non-covalent PARylation in the maintenance of genome integrity: a focus on PARP inhibitors. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad043. [PMID: 37609662 PMCID: PMC10440794 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) is a highly regulated process that consists of the covalent addition of polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) through post-translational modifications of substrate proteins or non-covalent interactions with PAR via PAR binding domains and motifs, thereby reprogramming their functions. This modification is particularly known for its central role in the maintenance of genomic stability. However, how genomic integrity is controlled by an intricate interplay of covalent PARylation and non-covalent PAR binding remains largely unknown. Of importance, PARylation has caught recent attention for providing a mechanistic basis of synthetic lethality involving PARP inhibitors (PARPi), most notably in homologous recombination (HR)-deficient breast and ovarian tumors. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-cancer effect of PARPi are thought to implicate both catalytic inhibition and trapping of PARP enzymes on DNA. However, the relative contribution of each on tumor-specific cytotoxicity is still unclear. It is paramount to understand these PAR-dependent mechanisms, given that resistance to PARPi is a challenge in the clinic. Deciphering the complex interplay between covalent PARylation and non-covalent PAR binding and defining how PARP trapping and non-trapping events contribute to PARPi anti-tumour activity is essential for developing improved therapeutic strategies. With this perspective, we review the current understanding of PARylation biology in the context of the DNA damage response (DDR) and the mechanisms underlying PARPi activity and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Beneyton
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Louis Nonfoux
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gagné
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Amélie Rodrigue
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Charu Kothari
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Nurgul Atalay
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Hendzel
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AlbertaT6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Guy G Poirier
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
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Zhang C, Sheng Y, Sun X, Wang Y. New insights for gynecological cancer therapies: from molecular mechanisms and clinical evidence to future directions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:891-925. [PMID: 37368179 PMCID: PMC10584725 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Advanced and recurrent gynecological cancers lack effective treatment and have poor prognosis. Besides, there is urgent need for conservative treatment for fertility protection of young patients. Therefore, continued efforts are needed to further define underlying therapeutic targets and explore novel targeted strategies. Considerable advancements have been made with new insights into molecular mechanisms on cancer progression and breakthroughs in novel treatment strategies. Herein, we review the research that holds unique novelty and potential translational power to alter the current landscape of gynecological cancers and improve effective treatments. We outline the advent of promising therapies with their targeted biomolecules, including hormone receptor-targeted agents, inhibitors targeting epigenetic regulators, antiangiogenic agents, inhibitors of abnormal signaling pathways, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, agents targeting immune-suppressive regulators, and repurposed existing drugs. We particularly highlight clinical evidence and trace the ongoing clinical trials to investigate the translational value. Taken together, we conduct a thorough review on emerging agents for gynecological cancer treatment and further discuss their potential challenges and future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxue Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaru Sheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
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20
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Hoshi S, Yaginuma K, Meguro S, Onagi A, Matsuoka K, Hata J, Sato Y, Akaihata H, Kataoka M, Ogawa S, Uemura M, Kojima Y. PSMA Targeted Molecular Imaging and Radioligand Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Optimal Patient and Treatment Issues. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:7286-7302. [PMID: 37623010 PMCID: PMC10453875 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30080529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostics (therapy + diagnosis) targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an emerging therapeutic modality that could alter treatment strategies for prostate cancer. Although PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy (PSMA-RLT) has a highly therapeutic effect on PSMA-positive tumor tissue, the efficacy of PSMA-RLT depends on PSMA expression. Moreover, predictors of treatment response other than PSMA expression are under investigation. Therefore, the optimal patient population for PSMA-RLT remains unclear. This review provides an overview of the current status of theranostics for prostate cancer, focusing on PSMA ligands. In addition, we summarize various findings regarding the efficacy and problems of PSMA-RLT and discuss the optimal patient for PSMA-RLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Hoshi
- Departments of Urology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (K.Y.); (S.M.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (J.H.); (Y.S.); (H.A.); (M.K.); (S.O.); (M.U.); (Y.K.)
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21
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Kumar S, Raina M, Tankay K, Ingle GM. Patient-derived organoids in ovarian cancer: Current research and its clinical relevance. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115589. [PMID: 37196684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of recent advances in cancer treatment, ovarian cancer (OC) patients have had a five-year survival rate of 48% in the last few decades. Diagnosis at the advanced stage, disease recurrence, and lack of early biomarkers are the severe clinical challenges associated with disease survival rate. Identifying tumor origin and developing precision drugs will effectively advance OC patient's treatment. The lack of a proper platform to identify and develop new therapeutic strategies in OC treatment necessitates searching for a suitable model to address tumor recurrence and therapeutic resistance. The development of the OC patient-derived organoid model provided a unique platform to identify the exact origin of high-grade serous OC, drug screening, and the development of precision medicine. This review provides an overview of recent progress in developing patient-derived organoids and their clinical relevance. Here, we outline their uses for transcriptomics and genomics profiling, drug screening, translational study, and their future perspective and clinical outlook as a model to advance OC research that could offer a promising approach for developing precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India.
| | - Manita Raina
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Kalpana Tankay
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Gaurav Milind Ingle
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India
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22
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Hu X, Hsieh CY, Zhang Y, Liu W, Xu S, Cai SX, Liu L, Zhang M, Shi H, Zhang H, Liu P, Li X, Xu P. Effect of a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer on the pharmacokinetics of senaparib (IMP4297) in healthy volunteers: A drug-drug interaction study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 89:1767-1779. [PMID: 36458825 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A phase I open-label study assessed the effect of multiple oral doses of a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor (itraconazole) and inducer (rifampicin) on the pharmacokinetic profile of a single oral dose of senaparib, a novel, highly potent poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1/2 inhibitor and CYP3A4 substrate, in Chinese healthy male volunteers (HMV). METHODS Adult HMV were enrolled to the itraconazole or rifampicin group (n = 16 each). In Period 1, all participants received a single oral dose of senaparib 40 mg (itraconazole group) or 100 mg (rifampicin group). In Period 2, the same dose was coadministered with itraconazole (200 mg) and rifampicin (600 mg), respectively. The primary endpoints were senaparib exposure parameters. RESULTS Coadministration with itraconazole significantly increased exposure of senaparib and decreased that of its major metabolites M9 and M14. Maximum plasma senaparib concentration (Cmax ) was increased by ~79% and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) increased by ~2.8-fold. Coadministration with rifampicin significantly reduced the Cmax and AUC of senaparib by ~59 and 83%, respectively. The Cmax for both M9 and M14 was slightly increased, although AUC was decreased. All treatment-emergent adverse events were grade ≤2, regardless of the treatment administered. CONCLUSION In Chinese HMV, the exposure of senaparib was significantly increased when coadministered with itraconazole and significantly decreased when coadministered with rifampicin. It is recommended to avoid concomitant use of senaparib and strong inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Hu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chih-Yi Hsieh
- IMPACT Therapeutics (Shanghai) Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sumei Xu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sui Xiong Cai
- IMPACT Therapeutics (Shanghai) Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Liu
- IMPACT Therapeutics (Shanghai) Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- IMPACT Therapeutics (Shanghai) Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyan Shi
- IMPACT Therapeutics (Shanghai) Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- IMPACT Therapeutics (Shanghai) Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Linking Truth Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pingsheng Xu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Avelar RA, Armstrong AJ, Carvette G, Gupta R, Puleo N, Colina JA, Joseph P, Sobeck AM, O'Connor CM, Raines B, Gandhi A, Dziubinski ML, Ma DS, Resnick K, Singh S, Zanotti K, Nagel C, Waggoner S, Thomas DG, Skala SL, Zhang J, Narla G, DiFeo A. Small-Molecule-Mediated Stabilization of PP2A Modulates the Homologous Recombination Pathway and Potentiates DNA Damage-Induced Cell Death. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:599-615. [PMID: 36788429 PMCID: PMC10157366 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and lethal ovarian cancer subtype. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have become the mainstay of HGSC-targeted therapy, given that these tumors are driven by a high degree of genomic instability (GI) and homologous recombination (HR) defects. Nonetheless, approximately 30% of patients initially respond to treatment, ultimately relapsing with resistant disease. Thus, despite recent advances in drug development and an increased understanding of genetic alterations driving HGSC progression, mortality has not declined, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Using a small-molecule activator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A; SMAP-061), we investigated the mechanism by which PP2A stabilization induces apoptosis in patient-derived HGSC cells and xenograft (PDX) models alone or in combination with PARPi. We uncovered that PP2A genes essential for cellular transformation (B56α, B56γ, and PR72) and basal phosphatase activity (PP2A-A and -C) are heterozygously lost in the majority of HGSC. Moreover, loss of these PP2A genes correlates with worse overall patient survival. We show that SMAP-061-induced stabilization of PP2A inhibits the HR output by targeting RAD51, leading to chronic accumulation of DNA damage and ultimately apoptosis. Furthermore, combination of SMAP-061 and PARPi leads to enhanced apoptosis in both HR-proficient and HR-deficient HGSC cells and PDX models. Our studies identify PP2A as a novel regulator of HR and indicate PP2A modulators as a therapeutic therapy for HGSC. In summary, our findings further emphasize the potential of PP2A modulators to overcome PARPi insensitivity, given that targeting RAD51 presents benefits in overcoming PARPi resistance driven by BRCA1/2 mutation reversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A. Avelar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Gracie Carvette
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Riya Gupta
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Noah Puleo
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jose A. Colina
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Peronne Joseph
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alexander M. Sobeck
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Caitlin M. O'Connor
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brynne Raines
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Agharnan Gandhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michele L. Dziubinski
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel S. Ma
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daffyd G. Thomas
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Goutham Narla
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Deb S, Chakrabarti A, Fox SB. Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Familial Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041346. [PMID: 36831687 PMCID: PMC9953970 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Large numbers of breast cancers arise within a familial context, either with known inherited germline mutations largely within DNA repair genes, or with a strong family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, with unknown genetic underlying mechanisms. These cancers appear to be different to sporadic cases, with earlier age of onset, increased multifocality and with association with specific breast cancer histological and phenotypic subtypes. Furthermore, tumours showing homologous recombination deficiency, due to loss of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2 and CHEK2 function, have been shown to be especially sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapeutics and PARP inhibition. While there is extensive research and data accrued on risk stratification and genetic predisposition, there are few data pertaining to relevant prognostic and predictive biomarkers within this breast cancer subgroup. The following is a review of such biomarkers in male and female familial breast cancer, although the data for the former are particularly sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Deb
- Anatpath, Gardenvale, VIC 3185, Australia
- Monash Health Pathology, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Stephen B. Fox
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Mebourne, Melbourne, VIC 3101, Australia
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25
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Wallis B, Bowman KR, Lu P, Lim CS. The Challenges and Prospects of p53-Based Therapies in Ovarian Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:159. [PMID: 36671544 PMCID: PMC9855757 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been well established that mutations in the tumor suppressor gene, p53, occur readily in a vast majority of cancer tumors, including ovarian cancer. Typically diagnosed in stages three or four, ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death in women, despite accounting for only 2.5% of all female malignancies. The overall 5-year survival rate for ovarian cancer is around 47%; however, this drops to an abysmal 29% for the most common type of ovarian cancer, high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). HGSOC has upwards of 96% of cases expressing mutations in p53. Therefore, wild-type (WT) p53 and p53-based therapies have been explored as treatment options via a plethora of drug delivery vehicles including nanoparticles, viruses, polymers, and liposomes. However, previous p53 therapeutics have faced many challenges, which have resulted in their limited translational success to date. This review highlights a selection of these historical p53-targeted therapeutics for ovarian cancer, why they failed, and what the future could hold for a new generation of this class of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carol S. Lim
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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26
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Locally Performed HRD Testing for Ovarian Cancer? Yes, We Can! Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010043. [PMID: 36612041 PMCID: PMC9817883 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of HRD status is now essential for ovarian cancer patient management. A relevant percentage of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is characterized by HRD, which is caused by genetic alterations in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. Recent trials have shown that not only patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic BRCA variants, but also BRCAwt/HRD patients, are sensitive to PARPis and platinum therapy. The most common HRD test is Myriad MyChoice CDx, but there is a pressing need to offer an alternative to outsourcing analysis, which typically requires high costs and lengthy turnaround times. In order to set up a complete in-house workflow for HRD testing, we analyzed a small cohort of HGSC patients using the CE-IVD AmoyDx HRD Focus Panel and compared our results with Myriad's. In addition, to further deepen the mechanisms behind HRD, we analyzed the study cohort by using both a custom NGS panel that analyzed 21 HRR-related genes and FISH analysis to determine the copy numbers of PTEN and EMSY. We found complete concordance in HRD status detected by the Amoy and the Myriad assays, supporting the feasibility of internal HRD testing.
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27
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Seborova K, Hlavac V, Holy P, Bjørklund SS, Fleischer T, Rob L, Hruda M, Bouda J, Mrhalova M, Allah MMKAO, Vodicka P, Fiala O, Soucek P, Kristensen VN, Vodickova L, Vaclavikova R. Complex molecular profile of DNA repair genes in epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients with different sensitivity to platinum-based therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016958. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is known for high mortality due to diagnosis at advanced stages and frequent therapy resistance. Previous findings suggested that the DNA repair system is involved in the therapeutic response of cancer patients and DNA repair genes are promising targets for novel therapies. This study aimed to address complex inter-relations among gene expression levels, methylation profiles, and somatic mutations in DNA repair genes and EOC prognosis and therapy resistance status. We found significant associations of DUT expression with the presence of peritoneal metastases in EOC patients. The high-grade serous EOC subtype was enriched with TP53 mutations compared to other subtypes. Furthermore, somatic mutations in XPC and PRKDC were significantly associated with worse overall survival of EOC patients, and higher FAAP20 expression in platinum-resistant than platinum-sensitive patients was observed. We found higher methylation of RAD50 in platinum-resistant than in platinum-sensitive patients. Somatic mutations in BRCA1 and RAD9A were significantly associated with higher RBBP8 methylation in platinum-sensitive compared to platinum-resistant EOC patients. In conclusion, we discovered associations of several candidate genes from the DNA repair pathway with the prognosis and platinum resistance status of EOC patients, which deserve further validation as potential predictive biomarkers.
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28
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Delbart W, Karabet J, Marin G, Penninckx S, Derrien J, Ghanem GE, Flamen P, Wimana Z. Understanding the Radiobiological Mechanisms Induced by 177Lu-DOTATATE in Comparison to External Beam Radiation Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012369. [PMID: 36293222 PMCID: PMC9604190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide Therapy (RNT) with 177Lu-DOTATATE targeting somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in neuroendocrine tumours (NET) has been successfully used in routine clinical practice, mainly leading to stable disease. Radiobiology holds promise for RNT improvement but is often extrapolated from external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) studies despite differences in these two radiation-based treatment modalities. In a panel of six human cancer cell lines expressing SSTRs, common radiobiological endpoints (i.e., cell survival, cell cycle, cell death, oxidative stress and DNA damage) were evaluated over time in 177Lu-DOTATATE- and EBRT-treated cells, as well as the radiosensitizing potential of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition (PARPi). Our study showed that common radiobiological mechanisms were induced by both 177Lu-DOTATATE and EBRT, but to a different extent and/or with variable kinetics, including in the DNA damage response. A higher radiosensitizing potential of PARPi was observed for EBRT compared to 177Lu-DOTATATE. Our data reinforce the need for dedicated RNT radiobiology studies, in order to derive its maximum therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Delbart
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-541-30-05
| | - Jirair Karabet
- Medical Physics Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwennaëlle Marin
- Medical Physics Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Penninckx
- Medical Physics Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Derrien
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et Des Radiations, Institut Supérieur Industriel de Bruxelles (ISIB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- NEMP Applied Research Lab, Institut de Recherche de l’Institut Supérieur Industriel de Bruxelles (IRISIB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ghanem E. Ghanem
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Flamen
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zéna Wimana
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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29
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Al-Sanea MM, Chilingaryan G, Abelyan N, Mamikonyan M, Gasparyan H, Hovhannisyan S, Hamdi A, Ali AR, Selim S, Mohamed AAB. Combination of ligand and structure based virtual screening approaches for the discovery of potential PARP1 inhibitors. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272065. [PMID: 36094927 PMCID: PMC9467328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) has high therapeutic value as biomolecular target for research and development of small molecules with antineoplastic activity, since it is upregulated in many cancers, especially in ovarian and BRCA 1/2 mutated breast cancers. Decades of investigation of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have led to the approval of several drug compounds, however clinical application of PARPi in cancer therapy is limited due to a number of factors, including low selectivity, weak affinity and undesired side effects. Thus, identification of novel drug-like chemical compounds with alternatives to the known PARPi chemical scaffolds, binding modes and interaction patterns with amino acid residues in the active site is of high therapeutic importance. In this study we applied a combination of ligand- and structure-based virtual screening approaches with the goal of identification of novel potential PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Garri Chilingaryan
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California, United States of America
- Institute of Molecular Biology of NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- * E-mail:
| | - Narek Abelyan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Michael Mamikonyan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hayk Gasparyan
- Department of Mathematics and Mechanics, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Sargis Hovhannisyan
- Department of Mathematics and Mechanics, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Abdelrahman Hamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R. Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. B. Mohamed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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PARP inhibitors in small cell lung cancer: The underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Boussios S, Rassy E, Moschetta M, Ghose A, Adeleke S, Sanchez E, Sheriff M, Chargari C, Pavlidis N. BRCA Mutations in Ovarian and Prostate Cancer: Bench to Bedside. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163888. [PMID: 36010882 PMCID: PMC9405840 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary DNA damage is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) —especially the high-grade serous subtype—harbors a defect in at least one DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. Defective DDR results from a variety of lesions affecting homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) for double strand breaks, base excision repair (BER), and nucleotide excision repair (NER) for single strand breaks and mismatch repair (MMR). Apart from the EOC, mutations in the DDR genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, are common in prostate cancer as well. Among them, BRCA2 lesions are found in 12% of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers, but very rarely in primary prostate cancer. Better understanding of the DDR pathways is essential in order to optimize the therapeutic choices, and has led to the design of biomarker-driven clinical trials. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are now a standard therapy for EOC patients, and more recently have been approved for the metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with alterations in DDR genes. They are particularly effective in tumours with HR deficiency. Abstract DNA damage repair (DDR) defects are common in different cancer types, and these alterations can be exploited therapeutically. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is among the tumours with the highest percentage of hereditary cases. BRCA1 and BRCA2 predisposing pathogenic variants (PVs) were the first to be associated with EOC, whereas additional genes comprising the homologous recombination (HR) pathway have been discovered with DNA sequencing technologies. The incidence of DDR alterations among patients with metastatic prostate cancer is much higher compared to those with localized disease. Genetic testing is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of patients with ovarian and prostate cancer. The development of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors offers a therapeutic strategy for patients with EOC. One of the mechanisms of PARP inhibitors exploits the concept of synthetic lethality. Tumours with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are highly sensitive to PARP inhibitors. Moreover, the synthetic lethal interaction may be exploited beyond germline BRCA mutations in the context of HR deficiency, and this is an area of ongoing research. PARP inhibitors are in advanced stages of development as a treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, there is a major concern regarding the need to identify reliable biomarkers predictive of treatment response. In this review, we explore the mechanisms of DDR, the potential for genomic analysis of ovarian and prostate cancer, and therapeutics of PARP inhibitors, along with predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Elie Rassy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Institut, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Michele Moschetta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH 4033 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aruni Ghose
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E1 1BB, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, London KT1 2EE, UK
- Centre for Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Sola Adeleke
- High Dimensional Neurology Group, UCL Queen’s Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Oncology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Elisabet Sanchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
| | - Matin Sheriff
- Department of Urology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
| | - Cyrus Chargari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Institut, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Nicholas Pavlidis
- Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Ortiz M, Wabel E, Mitchell K, Horibata S. Mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:304-316. [PMID: 35800369 PMCID: PMC9255249 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecologic cancers. The standard therapy for ovarian cancer has been the same for the past two decades, a combination treatment of platinum with paclitaxel. Recently, the FDA approved three new therapeutic drugs, two poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (olaparib and niraparib) and one vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor (bevacizumab) as maintenance therapies for ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarize the resistance mechanisms for conventional platinum-based chemotherapy and for the newly FDA-approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylena Ortiz
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University,766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Emma Wabel
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University,766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Kerry Mitchell
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University,766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Sachi Horibata
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University,766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Luo J, Ou S, Wei H, Qin X, Jiang Q. Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors in Patients With Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:815265. [PMID: 35756600 PMCID: PMC9213680 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.815265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of different poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in patients with ovarian cancer through a network meta-analysis to support clinical treatment choices. Methods The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Science Citation Index, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP (CQVIP), and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched with a cutoff date of 14 January 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov was also checked for supplementary data. Phase II or III randomized controlled trials that compared a PARP inhibitor with a placebo in patients with relapsed or newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer were included. The hazard ratios (HRs) for progression-free survival and overall survival and odds ratios (ORs) for grade 3 or higher adverse events were analyzed. The network meta-analysis was conducted in a Bayesian framework based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo model in the R gemtc package (version 4.0.3). Results Eight eligible articles reporting six trials with a total of 2,801 patients were incorporated in this network meta-analysis. Three trials compared olaparib with placebo. Two trials compared niraparib with placebo. One trial compared rucaparib with placebo. The network meta-analysis failed to show significant differences in progression-free survival among the three PARP inhibitors: HR of 0.64, 95% confidence interval of 0.3 to 1.42 for olaparib versus niraparib, and olaparib versus rucaparib (0.86; 0.33 to 2.33). The comparison between niraparib and rucaparib also did not express a statistical difference (1.34; 0.47 to 3.72). Subgroup analysis bybreast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) status showed no obvious difference in progression-free survival among the three PARP inhibitors regardless of BRCA mutation status. Olaparib had fewer grade 3 or higher adverse events than niraparib (OR, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.13 to 0.55) and rucaparib (0.34; 0.14 to 0.86). However, the analysis failed to show a significant difference between niraparib and rucaparib (1.27; 0.49 to 3.27). Conclusion Current evidence indicates that there is no significant difference observed in efficacy among olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib. However, olaparib might have fewer grade 3 or higher adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunlong Ou
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Dujiangyan People's Hospital, Dujiangyan Medical Center, Dujiangyan, China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Pérez-Peiró M, Duran X, Yélamos J, Barreiro E. Attenuation of Muscle Damage, Structural Abnormalities, and Physical Activity in Respiratory and Limb Muscles following Treatment with Rucaparib in Lung Cancer Cachexia Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122894. [PMID: 35740560 PMCID: PMC9221243 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Muscle wasting and cachexia are common in patients with cancer. Several mechanisms underlie muscle physiological and structural alterations in cancer-induced cachexia. Poly (ADPribose) polymerases (PARPs) are involved in muscle metabolism and in cancer. Selective inhibitors of PARP activity improve muscle function and structure. This study sought to investigate whether rucaparib (PARP inhibitor) may attenuate muscle damage in a mouse model of lung-cancer-induced cachexia. Rucaparib was administered to cancer-cachectic mice. Physiological and biological parameters were determined in the respiratory and limb muscles of the animals. In cancer cachexia mice compared to non-cachexia controls, body weight and body weight gain, muscle weight, limb strength, physical activity, and muscle fiber size significantly declined, while levels of PARP activity, plasma troponin I, muscle damage, and proteolytic and autophagy markers increased. Treatment with rucaparib elicited a significant improvement in body weight gain, tumor size and weight, physical activity, muscle damage, troponin I, and proteolytic and autophagy levels. Abstract Overactivation of poly (ADPribose) polymerases (PARPs) is involved in cancer-induced cachexia. We hypothesized that the PARP inhibitor rucaparib may improve muscle mass and reduce damage in cancer cachexia mice. In mouse diaphragm and gastrocnemius (LP07 lung adenocarcinoma) treated with PARP inhibitor (rucaparib,150 mg/kg body weight/24 h for 20 days) and in non-tumor control animals, body, muscle, and tumor weights; tumor area; limb muscle strength; physical activity; muscle structural abnormalities, damage, and phenotype; PARP activity; and proteolytic and autophagy markers were quantified. In cancer cachexia mice compared to non-cachexia controls, body weight and body weight gain, muscle weight, limb strength, physical activity, and muscle fiber size significantly declined, while levels of PARP activity, plasma troponin I, muscle damage, and proteolytic and autophagy markers increased. Treatment with the PARP inhibitor rucaparib elicited a significant improvement in body weight gain, tumor size and weight, physical activity, muscle damage, troponin I, and proteolytic and autophagy levels. PARP pharmacological inhibition did not exert any significant improvements in muscle weight, fiber size, or limb muscle strength. Treatment with rucaparib, however, improved muscle damage and structural abnormalities and physical activity in cancer cachexia mice. These findings suggest that rucaparib exerts its beneficial effects on cancer cachexia performance through the restoration of muscle structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pérez-Peiró
- Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Pulmonology Department, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Duran
- Scientific, Statistics and Technical Department, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Parc de Salut Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - José Yélamos
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Pulmonology Department, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-316-0385; Fax: +34-93-316-0410
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Pleasance E, Bohm A, Williamson LM, Nelson JMT, Shen Y, Bonakdar M, Titmuss E, Csizmok V, Wee K, Hosseinzadeh S, Grisdale CJ, Reisle C, Taylor GA, Lewis E, Jones MR, Bleile D, Sadeghi S, Zhang W, Davies A, Pellegrini B, Wong T, Bowlby R, Chan SK, Mungall KL, Chuah E, Mungall AJ, Moore RA, Zhao Y, Deol B, Fisic A, Fok A, Regier DA, Weymann D, Schaeffer DF, Young S, Yip S, Schrader K, Levasseur N, Taylor SK, Feng X, Tinker A, Savage KJ, Chia S, Gelmon K, Sun S, Lim H, Renouf DJ, Jones SJM, Marra MA, Laskin J. Whole genome and transcriptome analysis enhances precision cancer treatment options. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:939-949. [PMID: 35691590 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.05.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances are enabling delivery of precision genomic medicine to cancer clinics. While the majority of approaches profile panels of selected genes or hotspot regions, comprehensive data provided by whole genome and transcriptome sequencing and analysis (WGTA) presents an opportunity to align a much larger proportion of patients to therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Samples from 570 patients with advanced or metastatic cancer of diverse types enrolled in the Personalized OncoGenomics (POG) program underwent WGTA. DNA-based data, including mutations, copy number, and mutation signatures, were combined with RNA-based data, including gene expression and fusions, to generate comprehensive WGTA profiles. A multidisciplinary molecular tumour board used WGTA profiles to identify and prioritize clinically actionable alterations and inform therapy. Patient responses to WGTA-informed therapies were collected. RESULTS Clinically actionable targets were identified for 83% of patients, 37% of whom received WGTA-informed treatments. RNA expression data were particularly informative, contributing to 67% of WGTA-informed treatments; 25% of treatments were informed by RNA expression alone. Of a total 248 WGTA-informed treatments, 46% resulted in clinical benefit. RNA expression data were comparable to DNA-based mutation and copy number data in aligning to clinically beneficial treatments. Genome signatures also guided therapeutics including platinum, PARP inhibitors, and immunotherapies. Patients accessed WGTA-informed treatments through clinical trials (19%), off-label use (35%), and as standard therapies (46%) including those which would not otherwise have been the next choice of therapy, demonstrating the utility of genomic information to direct use of chemotherapies as well as targeted therapies. CONCLUSIONS Integrating RNA expression and genome data illuminated treatment options that resulted in 46% of treated patients experiencing positive clinical benefit, supporting the use of comprehensive WGTA profiling in clinical cancer care. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT02155621.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pleasance
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - A Bohm
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - L M Williamson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - J M T Nelson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - Y Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - M Bonakdar
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - E Titmuss
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - V Csizmok
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - K Wee
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - S Hosseinzadeh
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - C J Grisdale
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - C Reisle
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - G A Taylor
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - E Lewis
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - M R Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - D Bleile
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - S Sadeghi
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - W Zhang
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - A Davies
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - B Pellegrini
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - T Wong
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - R Bowlby
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - S K Chan
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - K L Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - E Chuah
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - A J Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - R A Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - Y Zhao
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - B Deol
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - A Fisic
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - A Fok
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - D A Regier
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - D Weymann
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - D F Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver
| | - S Young
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - S Yip
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - K Schrader
- Hereditary Cancer Program, BC Cancer, Vancouver; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - N Levasseur
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - S K Taylor
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Kelowna
| | - X Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Victoria
| | - A Tinker
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - K J Savage
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - S Chia
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - K Gelmon
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - S Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - H Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver
| | - D J Renouf
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver; Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver
| | - S J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - J Laskin
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver.
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Fedier A, Maggi N, Tozzi A, Disler M, Coelho R, Jacob F, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V. Exposure to escalating olaparib does not induce acquired resistance to PARPi and to other chemotherapeutic compounds in ovarian cancer cell lines. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:89. [PMID: 35642662 PMCID: PMC9170353 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-inhibitors (PARPi) such as olaparib and niraparib are currently used as a treatment option for BRCA-deficient tumors and also show efficacy in platinum-sensitive tumors. However, resistance to PARPi occurs in numerous patients and in particular acquired PARPi resistance presents a major obstacle in the treatment of these tumors. In the present study, it was investigated whether stepwise exposure of ovarian cancer cells to escalating concentrations of olaparib produced subcells with acquired resistance to PARPi and/or acquired cross-resistance to platinum compounds, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin. To this aim, the sensitivity of fourteen ovarian cancer cell lines, including nine with TP53-mutations and five carrying BRCA-mutations, to olaparib and niraparib was determined and a subset of seven cell lines was selected to investigate the potential of olaparib to produce resistance. It was identified that escalating olaparib did neither produce subcells with acquired PARPi-resistance nor did it produce acquired cross-resistance to platinum compounds, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel. This finding was independent of the cells' TP53 and BRCA mutation status. CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion of PARP1 did not affect sensitivity to PARPi, platinum compounds, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel. In addition, olaparib sensitivity correlated with niraparib sensitivity, but BRCA-mutated cells were not more sensitive to PARPi. Moreover, PARPi sensitivity associated with cross-sensitivity not only to platinum compounds but also to anthracylines, paclitaxel, and inhibitors of histone deacetylases. These in vitro data indicated that olaparib exposure is unlikely to produce an acquired resistance phenotype and that PARPi-sensitive ovarian cancer cells are also cross-sensitive to non-platinum and even to compounds not directly interacting with the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Fedier
- Ovarian Cancer Research Program, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Maggi
- Ovarian Cancer Research Program, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Tozzi
- Hospital for Women, Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Women's Hospital, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4021 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Disler
- Ovarian Cancer Research Program, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ricardo Coelho
- Ovarian Cancer Research Program, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francis Jacob
- Ovarian Cancer Research Program, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz
- Ovarian Cancer Research Program, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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Wang Y, Duan M, Peng Z, Fan R, He Y, Zhang H, Xiong W, Jiang W. Advances of DNA Damage Repair-Related Drugs and Combination With Immunotherapy in Tumor Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:854730. [PMID: 35281059 PMCID: PMC8904426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.854730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy has been an important and popular area in cancer research. With medical technology developing, the appearance of various targeted drugs and immunotherapy offer more choices to cancer treatment. With the increase in drug use, people have found more and more cases in which tumors are resistant to DNA damage repair (DDR)-based drugs. Recently, the concept of combination therapy has been brought up in cancer research. It takes advantages of combining two or more therapies with different mechanisms, aiming to benefit from the synergistic effects and finally rescue patients irresponsive to single therapies. Combination therapy has the potential to improve current treatment of refractory and drug-resistant tumors. Among the methods used in combination therapy, DDR is one of the most popular methods. Recent studies have shown that combined application of DDR-related drugs and immunotherapies significantly improve the therapeutic outcomes of malignant tumors, especially solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Meihan Duan
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouying Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ruohao Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuxiang He
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
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Automatic identification of drug sensitivity of cancer cell with novel regression-based ensemble convolution neural network model. Soft comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-022-07098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Clark J, Fotopoulou C, Cunnea P, Krell J. Novel Ex Vivo Models of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: The Future of Biomarker and Therapeutic Research. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837233. [PMID: 35402223 PMCID: PMC8990887 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogenous disease associated with variations in presentation, pathology and prognosis. Advanced EOC is typified by frequent relapse and a historical 5-year survival of less than 30% despite improvements in surgical and systemic treatment. The advent of next generation sequencing has led to notable advances in the field of personalised medicine for many cancer types. Success in achieving cure in advanced EOC has however been limited, although significant prolongation of survival has been demonstrated. Development of novel research platforms is therefore necessary to address the rapidly advancing field of early diagnostics and therapeutics, whilst also acknowledging the significant tumour heterogeneity associated with EOC. Within available tumour models, patient-derived organoids (PDO) and explant tumour slices have demonstrated particular promise as novel ex vivo systems to model different cancer types including ovarian cancer. PDOs are organ specific 3D tumour cultures that can accurately represent the histology and genomics of their native tumour, as well as offer the possibility as models for pharmaceutical drug testing platforms, offering timing advantages and potential use as prospective personalised models to guide clinical decision-making. Such applications could maximise the benefit of drug treatments to patients on an individual level whilst minimising use of less effective, yet toxic, therapies. PDOs are likely to play a greater role in both academic research and drug development in the future and have the potential to revolutionise future patient treatment and clinical trial pathways. Similarly, ex vivo tumour slices or explants have also shown recent renewed promise in their ability to provide a fast, specific, platform for drug testing that accurately represents in vivo tumour response. Tumour explants retain tissue architecture, and thus incorporate the majority of tumour microenvironment making them an attractive method to re-capitulate in vivo conditions, again with significant timing and personalisation of treatment advantages for patients. This review will discuss the current treatment landscape and research models for EOC, their development and new advances towards the discovery of novel biomarkers or combinational therapeutic strategies to increase treatment options for women with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Clark
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Fotopoulou
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,West London Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Cunnea
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Krell
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Sherill-Rofe D, Raban O, Findlay S, Rahat D, Unterman I, Samiei A, Yasmeen A, Kaiser Z, Kuasne H, Park M, Foulkes WD, Bloch I, Zick A, Gotlieb WH, Tabach Y, Orthwein A. Multi-omics data integration analysis identifies the spliceosome as a key regulator of DNA double-strand break repair. NAR Cancer 2022; 4:zcac013. [PMID: 35399185 PMCID: PMC8991968 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR) is critical for the maintenance of genome stability. Germline and somatic mutations in HR genes have been associated with an increased risk of developing breast (BC) and ovarian cancers (OvC). However, the extent of factors and pathways that are functionally linked to HR with clinical relevance for BC and OvC remains unclear. To gain a broader understanding of this pathway, we used multi-omics datasets coupled with machine learning to identify genes that are associated with HR and to predict their sub-function. Specifically, we integrated our phylogenetic-based co-evolution approach (CladePP) with 23 distinct genetic and proteomic screens that monitored, directly or indirectly, DNA repair by HR. This omics data integration analysis yielded a new database (HRbase) that contains a list of 464 predictions, including 76 gold standard HR genes. Interestingly, the spliceosome machinery emerged as one major pathway with significant cross-platform interactions with the HR pathway. We functionally validated 6 spliceosome factors, including the RNA helicase SNRNP200 and its co-factor SNW1. Importantly, their RNA expression correlated with BC/OvC patient outcome. Altogether, we identified novel clinically relevant DNA repair factors and delineated their specific sub-function by machine learning. Our results, supported by evolutionary and multi-omics analyses, suggest that the spliceosome machinery plays an important role during the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Sherill-Rofe
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Oded Raban
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Steven Findlay
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Dolev Rahat
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Irene Unterman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Arash Samiei
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Zafir Kaiser
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Morag Park
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Idit Bloch
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Aviad Zick
- Department of Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Walter H Gotlieb
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Yuval Tabach
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Alexandre Orthwein
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
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Hu X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Jiao F, Wang J, Chen H, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Dual-target inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 for cancer therapy: Advances, challenges, and opportunities. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114094. [PMID: 34998039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PARP1 plays a crucial role in DNA damage repair, making it an essential target for cancer therapy. PARP1 inhibitors are widely used to treat BRCA-deficient malignancies, and six PARP inhibitors have been approved for clinical use. However, excluding the great clinical success of PARP inhibitors, the concomitant toxicity, drug resistance, and limited scope of application restrict their clinical efficacy. To find solutions to these problems, dual-target inhibitors have shown great potential. In recent years, several studies have linked PAPR1 to other primary cancer targets. Many dual-target inhibitors have been developed using structural fusion, linkage, or library construction methods, overcoming the defects of many single-target inhibitors of PARP1 and achieving great success in clinical cancer therapy. This review summarizes the advance of dual-target PARP1 inhibitors in recent years, focusing on their structural optimization process, structure-activity relationships (SARs), and in vitro or in vivo analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hu
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Fulun Jiao
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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42
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Chilimoniuk Z, Rocka A, Stefaniak M, Tomczyk Ż, Jasielska F, Madras D, Filip A. Molecular methods for increasing the effectiveness of ovarian cancer treatment: a systematic review. Future Oncol 2022; 18:1627-1650. [PMID: 35129396 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the current study is to analyze and summarize the latest research on improving therapy in ovarian cancer. Materials & methods: Data analysis was based on a review of publications from 2011 to 2021 in the PubMed database with use of the search terms including 'EGFR ovarian cancer', 'folate receptor inhibitors ovarian cancer', 'VEGF ovarian cancer', 'PDGF ovarian cancer' and 'CTLA-4 ovarian cancer'. Results: 6643 articles were found; 238 clinical trials and randomized control trials were analyzed; 122 studies were rejected due to inconsistency with the topic of the work. Conclusion: Extensive research on the treatment of ovarian cancer increases the chance of developing the most effective therapy suited to the individual needs of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Chilimoniuk
- Students' Scientific Association at the Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland
| | - Agata Rocka
- Students' Scientific Association at the Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland
| | - Martyna Stefaniak
- Students' Scientific Association at the Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland
| | - Żaklina Tomczyk
- Students' Scientific Association at the Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland
| | - Faustyna Jasielska
- Students' Scientific Association at the Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland
| | - Dominika Madras
- Students' Scientific Association at the Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland
| | - Agata Filip
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland
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43
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Caffeic acid phenethyl ester targets ubiquitin-specific protease 8 and synergizes with cisplatin in endometrioid ovarian carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 197:114900. [PMID: 34995485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) mediate the removal of ubiquitin from diverse proteins that participate in the regulation of cell survival, DNA damage repair, apoptosis and drug resistance. Previous studies have shown an association between activation of cell survival pathways and platinum-drug resistance in ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Among the strategies available to inhibit DUBs, curcumin derivatives appear promising, thus we hypothesized their use to enhance the efficacy of cisplatin in ovarian carcinoma preclinical models. The caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), inhibited ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8), but not proteasomal DUBs in cell-free assays. When CAPE was combined with cisplatin in nine cell lines representative of various histotypes a synergistic effect was observed in TOV112D cells and in the cisplatin-resistant IGROV-1/Pt1 variant, both of endometrioid type and carrying mutant TP53. In the latter cells, persistent G1 accumulation upon combined treatment associated with p27kip1 protein levels was observed. The synergy was not dependent on apoptosis induction, and appeared to occur in cells with higher USP8 levels. In vivo antitumor activity studies supported the advantage of the combination of CAPE and cisplatin in the subcutaneous model of cisplatin-resistant IGROV-1/Pt1 ovarian carcinoma as well as CAPE activity on intraperitoneal disease. This study reveals the therapeutic potential of CAPE in cisplatin-resistant ovarian tumors as well as in tumors expressing USP8.
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Dholariya S, Parchwani D, Radadiya M, Singh RD, Sonagra A, Patel D, Sharma G. CRISPR/Cas9: A Molecular Tool for Ovarian Cancer Management beyond Gene Editing. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:1-22. [PMID: 37199299 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2022043814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer manifests with early metastases and has an adverse outcome, impacting the health of women globally. Currently, this malignancy is often treated with cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. This treatment option has a limited success rate due to tumor recurrence and chemoresistance. Consequently, the fundamental objective of ovarian cancer treatment is the development of novel treatment approaches. As a new robust tool, the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system has shown immense promise in elucidating the molecular basis of all the facets of ovarian cancer. Due to the precise gene editing capabilities of CRISPR-Cas9, researchers have been able to conduct a more comprehensive investigation of the genesis of ovarian cancer. This gained knowledge can be translated into the development of novel diagnostic approaches and newer therapeutic targets for this dreadful malignancy. There is encouraging preclinical evidence that suggests that CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful versatile tool for selectively targeting cancer cells and inhibiting tumor growth, establishing new signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis, and verifying biomolecules as druggable targets. In this review, we analyzed the current research and progress made using CRISPR/Cas9-based engineering strategies in the diagnosis and treatment, as well as the challenges in bringing this method to clinics. This comprehensive analysis will lay the basis for subsequent research in the future for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Dholariya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Parchwani
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhuri Radadiya
- Department of Radiology, Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay (PDU) Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini D Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Amit Sonagra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Physiology, AIIMS, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Pauwels EK, Bourguignon MH. PARP Inhibition and Beyond in BRCA-Associated Breast Cancer in Women: A State-Of-The-Art Summary of Preclinical Research on Risk Reduction and Clinical Benefits. Med Princ Pract 2022; 31:303-312. [PMID: 35636395 PMCID: PMC9485988 DOI: 10.1159/000525281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian cells, DNA damage response initiates repair by error-free homologous recombination (HRR) or by error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). DNA damage is detected by PARP proteins that facilitate this repair, both in normal cells and in cancer cells. Cells containing BRCA1/2 mutations have an HRR-deficient repair mechanism which may result in unrepaired one-ended double-strand breaks and stalled replication forks, considered as the most lethal cell damage. Here, we review the state of the art of the role of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as a precision-targeted anticancer drug in BRCA1/2-mutated female breast cancer. Although knowledge is incomplete, it is assumed that the main role of the archetype PARP1 in the cell nucleus is to detect and adhere to single-strand breaks. This mediates possible damage repair, after which cells may continue replication; this process is called synthetic lethality. As for PARP clinical monotherapy, progression-free survival has been observed using the FDA- and EMA-approved drugs olaparib and talazoparib. In the case of combined drug therapy, a synergy has been demonstrated between veliparib and platinum drugs. Information regarding adverse effects is limited, but hematological effects have been described. However, there is need for multicenter trials, preferably conducted without commercial guidance and funding. Some of the available trials reported resistance to PARP inhibitors. In this review, we also describe the various causes of resistance to PARP inhibitors and research indicating how resistance can be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest K.J. Pauwels
- Leiden University Medical Center and Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- *Ernest K.J. Pauwels,
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Subhan A, Attia SA, P Torchilin V. Targeted siRNA nanotherapeutics against breast and ovarian metastatic cancer: a comprehensive review of the literature. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 17:41-64. [PMID: 34930021 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is considered the major cause of unsuccessful cancer therapy. The metastatic development requires tumor cells to leave their initial site, circulate in the blood stream, acclimate to new cellular environments at a remote secondary site and endure there. There are several steps in metastasis, including invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, premetastatic niche formation, micrometastasis and metastatic colonization. siRNA therapeutics are appreciated for their usefulness in treatment of cancer metastasis. However, siRNA therapy as a single therapy may not be a sufficient option for control of metastasis. By combining siRNA with targeting, functional agents or small-molecule drugs have shown potential effects that enhance therapeutic effectiveness. This review addresses multidrug resistance and metastasis in breast and ovarian cancers and highlights drug-delivery strategies using siRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, ShahJalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Sara Aly Attia
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy & Plastic Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Integrated, Integral, and Exploratory Biomarkers in the Development of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors. Cancer J 2021; 27:482-490. [PMID: 34904811 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In this article, we highlight biomarkers for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) sensitivity and resistance and discuss their implications for the clinic. We review the predictive role of a range of DNA repair genes, genomic scars, mutational signatures, and functional assays available or in development. The biomarkers used for patient selection in the specific Food and Drug Administration-approved indications for breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancer vary across tumor type and likely depend on disease-specific DNA repair deficiencies but also the specifics of the individual clinical trials that were conducted. Mutations in genes involved in homologous recombination and/or replication fork protection are synthetic lethal with PARPi. Cancers with homologous recombination deficiency exhibit high genomic instability, characterized by genome-wide loss of heterozygosity, among other genomic aberrations. Next-generation sequencing can identify multiple patterns of genomic changes including copy number variations, single-nucleotide variations, insertions/deletions, and structural variations rearrangements characteristic of homologous recombination deficiency. Clinical trial evidence supports the use of BRCA mutation testing for patient selection, and for ovarian cancer, there are 3 commercial assays available that additionally incorporate genomic instability for identifying subgroups of patients that derive different magnitudes of benefit from PARPi therapy. Finally, we summarize new strategies for extending the benefit of PARPi therapy toward broader populations of patients through the use of novel biomarkers. Ultimately, design of a composite biomarker test combining multiple mutational signatures or development of a dynamic assay for functional assessments of homologous recombination may help improve the test accuracy for future patient stratification.
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48
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F Martins ML, Loos NHC, Mucuk S, de Jong D, Lebre MC, Rosing H, Tibben M, Beijnen JH, Schinkel AH. P-Glycoprotein (ABCB1/MDR1) Controls Brain Penetration and Intestinal Disposition of the PARP1/2 Inhibitor Niraparib. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4371-4384. [PMID: 34730366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Niraparib (Zejula), a selective oral PARP1/2 inhibitor registered for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer treatment, is under investigation for other malignancies, including brain tumors. We explored the impact of the ABCB1 and ABCG2 multidrug efflux transporters, the OATP1A/1B uptake transporters, and the CYP3A drug-metabolizing complex on oral niraparib pharmacokinetics, using wild-type and genetically modified mouse and cell line models. In vitro, human ABCB1 and mouse Abcg2 transported niraparib moderately. Compared to wild-type mice, niraparib brain-to-plasma ratios were 6- to 7-fold increased in Abcb1a/1b-/- and Abcb1a/1b;Abcg2-/- but not in single Abcg2-/- mice, while niraparib plasma exposure at later time points was ∼2-fold increased. Niraparib recovery in the small intestinal content was markedly reduced in the Abcb1a/1b-deficient strains. Pretreatment of wild-type mice with oral elacridar, an ABCB1/ABCG2 inhibitor, increased niraparib brain concentration and reduced small intestinal content recovery to levels observed in Abcb1a/1b;Abcg2-/- mice. Oatp1a/1b deletion did not significantly affect niraparib oral bioavailability or liver distribution but decreased metabolite M1 liver uptake. No significant effects of mouse Cyp3a ablation were observed, but overexpression of transgenic human CYP3A4 unexpectedly increased niraparib plasma exposure. Thus, Abcb1 deficiency markedly increased niraparib brain distribution and reduced its small intestinal content recovery, presumably through reduced biliary excretion and/or decreased direct intestinal excretion. Elacridar pretreatment inhibited both processes completely. Clinically, the negligible role of OATP1 and CYP3A could be advantageous for niraparib, diminishing drug-drug interaction or interindividual variation risks involving these proteins. These findings may support the further clinical development and application of niraparib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida L F Martins
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nancy H C Loos
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sümeyra Mucuk
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle de Jong
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria C Lebre
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Tibben
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Cilento MA, Poplawski NK, Paramasivam S, Thomas DM, Kichenadasse G. Germline PALB2 Variants and PARP Inhibitors in Endometrial Cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021; 19:1212-1217. [PMID: 34781271 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2021.7067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PARP inhibitors are orally administered antineoplastic agents that affect the homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway, and are approved by the FDA for the treatment of ovarian, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. This report presents a case of recurrent endometrial carcinoma occurring in a woman with a germline pathogenic PALB2 whole-exon deletion. This uncommon finding in a patient with endometrial carcinoma provided the opportunity to use a management strategy of PARP inhibition with olaparib, resulting in a prolonged response to treatment; however, disease progression eventually occurred. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying resistance to PARP inhibition, and the potential future treatment options in this setting. Current recommendations for risk management of female carriers of PALB2 variants focus on breast and ovarian cancer risk. This case raises the additional question of a potential role for risk-reducing hysterectomy in female carriers of PALB2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Cilento
- Department of Medical Oncology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA
| | - Nicola K Poplawski
- Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA
| | | | - David M Thomas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW; and
| | - Ganessan Kichenadasse
- Department of Medical Oncology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA.,Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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50
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van der Wijngaart H, Hoes LR, van Berge Henegouwen JM, van der Velden DL, Zeverijn LJ, Roepman P, van Werkhoven E, de Leng WWJ, Jansen AML, Mehra N, Robbrecht DGJ, Labots M, de Groot DJA, Hoeben A, Hamberg P, Gelderblom H, Voest EE, Verheul HMW. Patients with Biallelic BRCA1/2 Inactivation Respond to Olaparib Treatment Across Histologic Tumor Types. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6106-6114. [PMID: 34475104 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of olaparib, a PARP inhibitor (PARPi) in patients with tumors with BRCA1/2 mutations, regardless of histologic tumor type. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with treatment-refractory BRCA1/2-mutated cancer were included for treatment with off-label olaparib 300 mg twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. In Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP), patients with treatment-refractory solid malignancies receive off-label drugs based on tumor molecular profiles while whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is performed on baseline tumor biopsies. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit (CB; defined as objective response or stable disease ≥ 16 weeks according to RECIST 1.1). Per protocol patients were enrolled using a Simon-like two-stage model. RESULTS Twenty-four evaluable patients with nine different tumor types harboring BRCA1/2 mutations were included, 58% had CB from treatment with olaparib. CB was observed in patients with complete loss of function (LoF) of BRCA1/2, while 73% of patients with biallelic BRCA LoF had CB. In 17 patients with and seven without current labeled indication, 10 and four patients had CB, respectively. Treatment resistance in four patients with biallelic loss might be explained by an additional oncogenic driver which was discovered by WGS, including Wnt pathway activation, FGFR amplification, and CDKN2A loss, in three tumor types. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that using PARPis is a promising treatment strategy for patients with non-BRCA-associated histologies harboring biallelic BRCA LoF. WGS allows to accurately detect complete LoF of BRCA and homologous repair deficiency (HRD) signature as well as oncogenic drivers that may contribute to resistance, using a single assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke van der Wijngaart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Louisa R Hoes
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Maxime van Berge Henegouwen
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Rapenburg, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne L van der Velden
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laurien J Zeverijn
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Roepman
- Hartwig Medical Foundation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik van Werkhoven
- Department of Biometrics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy W J de Leng
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne M L Jansen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niven Mehra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Debbie G J Robbrecht
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariette Labots
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Derk Jan A de Groot
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ann Hoeben
- Department of Medical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Hamberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Rapenburg, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Emile E Voest
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henk M W Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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