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Fang L, Cheng Y, Fang D, Feng Z, Wang Y, Yu Y, Zhao J, Huang D, Zhai X, Liu C, Du J. CL429 enhances the renewal of intestinal stem cells by upregulating TLR2-YAP1. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112614. [PMID: 38972212 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) play a crucial role in maintaining the equilibrium and regenerative potential of intestinal tissue, thereby ensuring tissue homeostasis and promoting effective tissue regeneration following injury. It has been proven that targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can help prevent radiation-induced damage to the intestine. In this study, we established an intestinal injury model using IR and evaluated the effects of CL429 on ISC regeneration both in vivo and in vitro. Following radiation exposure, mice treated with CL429 showed a significant increase in survival rates (100% survival in the treated group compared to 54.54% in the control group). CL429 also showed remarkable efficacy in inhibiting radiation-induced intestinal damage and promoting ISC proliferation and regeneration. In addition, CL429 protected intestinal organoids against IR-induced injury. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing and Western blot analysis revealed the activation of the Wnt and Hippo signaling pathways by CL429. Specifically, we observed a significant upregulation of YAP1, a key transcription factor in the Hippo pathway, upon CL429 stimulation. Furthermore, knockdown of YAP1 significantly attenuated the radioprotective effect of CL429 on intestinal organoids, indicating that CL429-mediated intestinal radioprotection is dependent on YAP1. In addition, we investigated the relationship between TLR2 and YAP1 using TLR2 knockout mice, and our results showed that TLR2 knockout abolished the activation of CL429 on YAP1. Taken together, our study provides evidence supporting the role of CL429 in promoting ISC regeneration through activation of TLR2-YAP1. And further investigation of the interaction between TLRs and other signaling pathways may enhance our understanding of ISC regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Fang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Duo Fang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhenlan Feng
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuedong Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yike Yu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianpeng Zhao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Daqian Huang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuanlu Zhai
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jicong Du
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, PR China.
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Lin Y, Xia P, Cao F, Zhang C, Yang Y, Jiang H, Lin H, Liu H, Liu R, Liu X, Cai J. Protective effects of activated vitamin D receptor on radiation-induced intestinal injury. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 27:246-258. [PMID: 36579449 PMCID: PMC9843524 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is a common complication after radiation therapy in patients with pelvic, abdominal, or retroperitoneal tumours. Recently, in the model of DSS (Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt) -induced intestinal inflammatory injury, it has been found in the study that transgenic mice expressing hVDR in IEC (Intestinal Epithelial Cell) manifest highly anti-injury properties in colitis, suggesting that activated VDR in the epithelial cells of intestine may inhibit colitis by protecting the mucosal epithelial barrier. In this study, we investigated the effect of the expression and regulation of VDR on the protection of RIII, and the radiosensitivity in vitro experiments, and explored the initial mechanism of VDR in regulating radiosensitivity of IEC. As a result, we found that the expression of VDR in intestinal tissues and cells in mice can be induced by ionizing radiation. VDR agonists are able to prolong the average survival time of mice after radiation and reduce the radiation-induced intestinal injury. For lack of vitamin D, the radiosensitivity of intestinal epithelial cells in mice increased, which can be reduced by VDR activation. Ensuing VDR activation, the radiation-induced intestinal stem cells damage is decreased, and the regeneration and differentiation of intestinal stem cells is promoted as well. Finally, on the basis of sequencing analysis, we validated and found that VDR may target the HIF/PDK1 pathway to mitigate RIII. We concluded that agonism or upregulation of VDR expression attenuates radiation-induced intestinal damage in mice and promotes the repair of epithelial damage in intestinal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Lin
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Penglin Xia
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fangyu Cao
- Incubation Base for Undergraduates' Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Yajie Yang
- Incubation Base for Undergraduates' Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of Oral and maxillofacial Trauma and Orthognathic SurgeryStomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Haishan Lin
- Cancer Centre, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ruling Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Jianming Cai
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina,Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Mannosylated Desmuramyl Dipeptides Modified by Lipophilic Triazole Substituents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158628. [PMID: 35955759 PMCID: PMC9368957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Muramyl dipeptide (N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, MDP) is the smallest peptidoglycan fragment able to trigger an immune response by activating the NOD2 receptor. Structural modification of MDP can lead to analogues with improved immunostimulating properties. The aim of this work was to prepare mannosylated desmuramyl peptides (ManDMP) containing lipophilic triazole substituents to study their immunomodulating activities in vivo. The adjuvant activity of the prepared compounds was evaluated in the mouse model using ovalbumin as an antigen and compared to the MDP and referent adjuvant ManDMPTAd. The obtained results confirm that the α-position of D-isoGln is the best position for the attachment of lipophilic substituents, especially adamantylethyl triazole. Compound 6c exhibited the strongest adjuvant activity, comparable to the MDP and better than referent ManDMPTAd.
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Cheng Y, Du J, Liu R, Dong S, Cai J, Gao F, Liu C. Novel chimeric TLR2/NOD2 agonist CL429 exhibited significant radioprotective effects in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3785-3792. [PMID: 33609010 PMCID: PMC8051721 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe ionizing radiation causes the acute lethal damage of haematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract. Here, we found CL429, the novel chimeric TLR2/NOD2 agonist, exhibited significant radioprotective effects in mice. CL429 increased mice survival, protected mice against the lethal damage of haematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract. CL429 was more effective than equivalent amounts of monospecific (TLR2 or NOD2) and combination (TLR2 + NOD2) of molecules in preventing radiation‐induced death. The radioprotection of CL429 was mainly mediated by activating TLR2 and partially activating NOD2. CL429‐induced radioprotection was largely dependent on the activation of TLR2‐MyD88‐NF‐κB signalling pathway. In conclusion, the data suggested that the co‐activation of TLR2 and NOD2 could induce significant synergistic radioprotective effects and CL429 might be a potential high‐efficiency selective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jicong Du
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruling Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suhe Dong
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Cai
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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