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Korkmaz H, Hatipoğlu M, Kayar NA. Interleukin-38: A crucial player in periodontitis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2523-2532. [PMID: 37455397 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to compare the levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), salivary, and serum matrix metalloproteinase-9, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-36γ, and IL-38 in individuals with healthy periodontium, gingivitis, and periodontitis and to evaluate their correlations with clinical periodontal parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety systemically healthy and nonsmoking volunteers divided into a healthy (H) group (n = 30), a gingivitis (G) group (n = 30), and a periodontitis (P) group (n = 30) were included in this study. Clinical periodontal parameters of volunteers were recorded, and GCF, unstimulated saliva, and serum samples were collected. Data analysis was done with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni correction were used for multiple comparisons and post hoc statistical analyses. RESULTS The group H had significantly lower clinical parameters than the group P (p < 0.001). GCF and salivary IL-36γ and IL-38 levels were significantly higher in the group P than in the H and G groups (p < 0.05). Positive correlations between biochemical findings and clinical periodontal parameters were observed. CONCLUSIONS IL-36γ and IL-38 levels in GCF, saliva, and serum correlate with clinical periodontal parameters and may play a role in determining the activity of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Korkmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mükerrem Hatipoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nezahat Arzu Kayar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Caloian CS, Ciurea A, Negucioiu M, Roman A, Micu IC, Picoș A, Soancă A. Systemic Impact of Subgingival Infection Control in Periodontitis Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:359. [PMID: 38667035 PMCID: PMC11047730 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontitis, an infectious inflammatory condition, is a key contributor to sustained systemic inflammation, intricately linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in developed nations. Treating periodontitis with subgingival mechanical instrumentation with or without adjunctive antimicrobials reduces the microbial burden and local inflammation, while also potentially bringing systemic benefits for patients with both periodontitis and CVD. This review examines systemic effects of subgingival instrumentation with or without antimicrobial products in individuals with periodontitis and CVD, and explores intricate pathogenetic interactions between periodontitis and CVD. MATERIAL AND METHODS English-language databases (PubMed MEDLINE and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies assessing the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapies in periodontitis patients with or without CVD. RESULTS While the ability of periodontal therapy to reduce mortality- and morbidity-related outcomes in CVD patients with periodontitis remains uncertain, some studies indicate a decrease in inflammatory markers and blood cell counts. Subgingival mechanical instrumentation delivered over multiple short sessions carries lower risks of adverse effects, particularly systemic inflammation, compared to the full-mouth delivery, making it a preferable option for CVD patients. CONCLUSIONS Subgingival mechanical instrumentation, ideally conducted in a quadrant-based therapeutic approach, to decontaminate periodontal pockets has the potential to reduce both local and systemic inflammation with minimal adverse effects in patients suffering from periodontitis and concurrent CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Silvia Caloian
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.C.); (A.C.); (I.C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreea Ciurea
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.C.); (A.C.); (I.C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Marius Negucioiu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor St., No. 32, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.C.); (A.C.); (I.C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Iulia Cristina Micu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.C.); (A.C.); (I.C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrei Picoș
- Department of Prevention in Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Avram Iancu St., No. 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.C.); (A.C.); (I.C.M.); (A.S.)
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Ali Alftaikhah SA, Issrani R, Alnasser M, Almutairi HA, Khattak O, Iqbal A, Prabhu N. Salivary Biomarkers in Periodontitis: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e50207. [PMID: 38192959 PMCID: PMC10772482 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a prevalent and potentially impactful oral health condition, ranging from gingivitis to severe periodontitis. Early detection and precise management are crucial in modern dentistry due to its prevalence and potential systemic health implications. Traditional clinical assessments and radiographic imaging have been the primary diagnostic tools. However, recent advances in oral diagnostics have introduced the concept of non-invasive, easily accessible salivary biomarkers. This review explores the evolving landscape of salivary biomarkers associated with periodontal disease, offering a comprehensive analysis of recent studies. It delves into the key findings, clinical significance, and potential impact of these biomarkers in revolutionizing periodontal disease diagnostics and treatment monitoring. The study emphasizes their diagnostic and prognostic capabilities, including their ability to assess disease severity, correlate with clinical parameters, aid in early detection, and enhance personalized treatment planning. As the field of oral diagnostics continues to advance, understanding the role of salivary biomarkers in periodontal disease management holds the promise of improving precision and effectiveness in oral healthcare. This review underscores the potential for salivary biomarkers to become integral components of routine periodontal care, offering a minimally invasive and patient-centered approach to oral health management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rakhi Issrani
- Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, SAU
- Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muhsen Alnasser
- Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, SAU
| | | | - Osama Khattak
- Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakakah, SAU
| | - Azhar Iqbal
- Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakakah, SAU
| | - Namdeo Prabhu
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, SAU
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Tamiya H, Abe M, Nagase T, Mitani A. The Link between Periodontal Disease and Asthma: How Do These Two Diseases Affect Each Other? J Clin Med 2023; 12:6747. [PMID: 37959214 PMCID: PMC10650117 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the effects of poor oral hygiene extend beyond the oral cavity and are associated with a variety of systemic diseases, including asthma. Asthma, which results in symptoms of cough, wheezing, and dyspnoea, and is characterized by airflow limitation with variability and (partial or complete) reversibility, is amongst the most prevalent respiratory diseases with approximately 262 million patients worldwide, and its prevalence and disease burden is on the increase. While asthma can occur at a young age, it can also develop later in life and affects a variety of age groups. Both of these diseases have a chronic course, and various researchers have suggested a link between the two. In this article, we aim to provide a literature review focusing on the association between the two diseases. The results demonstrate that medications (primarily, inhaler medicine), hypoxia induced by asthma, and the breathing behaviour of patients potentially trigger periodontal disease. In contrast, oral periodontopathogenic microorganisms and the inflammatory mediators produced by them may be involved in the onset and/or exacerbation of asthma. Common contributing factors, such as smoking, gastro-oesophageal reflux, and type-2 inflammation, should also be considered when evaluating the relationship between the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tamiya
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masanobu Abe
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Akihisa Mitani
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Ren D, Ebert T, Kreher D, Ernst BLV, de Fallois J, Schmalz G. The Genetic Cross-Talk between Periodontitis and Chronic Kidney Failure Revealed by Transcriptomic Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1374. [PMID: 37510279 PMCID: PMC10379591 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis and chronic kidney failure (CKF) are potentially related to each other. This bioinformatics analysis aimed at the identification of potential cross-talk genes and related pathways between periodontitis and CKF. Based on NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), datasets GSE10334, GSE16134, and GSE23586 were extracted for periodontitis. A differential expression analysis (p < 0.05, |log2(FC)| > 0.5) was performed to assess deregulated genes (DEGs). CKF-related genes were extracted from DisGeNET and examined regarding their overlap with periodontitis-related DEGs. Cytoscape was used to construct and analyze a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Based on Cytoscape plugin MCODE and a LASSO regression analysis, the potential hub cross-talk genes were identified. Finally, a complex PPI of the hub genes was constructed. A total of 489 DEGs for periodontitis were revealed. With the 805 CKF-related genes, an overlap of 47 cross-talk genes was found. The PPI network of the potential cross-talk genes was composed of 1081 nodes and 1191 edges. The analysis with MCODE resulted in 10 potential hub genes, while the LASSO regression resulted in 22. Finally, five hub cross-talk genes, CCL5, FCGR3B, MMP-9, SAA1, and SELL, were identified. Those genes were significantly upregulated in diseased samples compared to controls (p ≤ 0.01). Furthermore, ROC analysis showed a high predictive value of those genes (AUC ≥ 73.44%). Potentially relevant processes and pathways were primarily related to inflammation, metabolism, and cardiovascular issues. In conclusion, five hub cross-talk genes, i.e., CCL5, FCGR3B, MMP-9, SAA1, and SELL, could be involved in the interplay between periodontitis and CKF, whereby primarily inflammation, metabolic, and vascular issues appear to be of relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Thomas Ebert
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, 04013 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Deborah Kreher
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bero Luke Vincent Ernst
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jonathan de Fallois
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, 04013 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Yu H, Wang P, Lu H, Guan J, Yao F, Zhang T, Wang Q, Wang Z. Effects of G-CSF on hPDLSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in the LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:422. [PMID: 37365568 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease of periodontal support tissue caused by microorganisms in dental plaque, which causes alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Periodontitis treatment goals include prevention of alveolar bone resorption and promotion of periodontal regeneration. We previously found that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was involved in periodontitis-related alveolar bone resorption through induction of an immune response and subsequent destruction of periodontal tissue. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of G-CSF on abnormal bone remodeling have not yet been fully elucidated. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) are major modulators of osteogenic differentiation in periodontal tissues. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigated whether G-CSF acts effects on hPDLSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, as well as periodontal tissue repair. METHODS hPDLSCs were cultured and identified by short tandem repeat analysis. The expression patterns and locations of G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) on hPDLSCs were detected by immunofluorescence analysis. The effects of G-CSF on hPDLSCs in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory microenvironment were investigated. Specifically, Cell-Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and Alizarin red staining were used to examine hPDLSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation; reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression patterns of osteogenesis-related genes (alkaline phosphatase [ALP], runt-related transcription factor 2 [Runx2], and osteocalcin [OCN]) in hPDLSCs; and Western blotting was used to detect the expression patterns of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. RESULTS hPDLSCs exhibited a typical spindle-shaped morphology and good clonogenic ability. G-CSFR was mostly localized on the cell surface membrane. Analyses showed that G-CSF inhibited hPDLSC proliferation. Also, in the LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment, G-CSF inhibited hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation and reduced the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes. G-CSF increased the protein expression levels of hPDLSC pathway components p-PI3K and p-Akt. CONCLUSIONS We found that G-CSFR was expressed on hPDLSCs. Furthermore, G-CSF inhibited hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro in the LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 6th Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 6th Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiurong Guan
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 6th Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fang Yao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 6th Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University, 382th WuyiRoad, Xinghualing Distrct, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qiuxu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 6th Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, China.
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Foratori-Junior GA, Ventura TMO, Grizzo LT, Jesuino BG, Castilho AVSS, Buzalaf MAR, Sales-Peres SHDC. Is There a Difference in the Proteomic Profile of Stimulated and Unstimulated Saliva Samples from Pregnant Women with/without Obesity and Periodontitis? Cells 2023; 12:1389. [PMID: 37408223 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the proteomic profile of stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples from pregnant women with/without obesity and periodontitis. Pregnant women were allocated into four groups: with obesity and periodontitis (OP); with obesity but without periodontitis (OWP); with normal BMI but with periodontitis (NP); with normal BMI and without periodontitis (NWP). Stimulated saliva (SS) and unstimulated saliva (US) samples were collected, and salivary proteins were extracted and individually processed by proteomic analysis (nLC-ESI-MS/MS). Proteins involved with the immune response process, antioxidant activity, and retina homeostasis were decreased or absent in SS samples from all groups (i.e., Antileukoproteinase, Lysozyme C, Alpha-2-macroglobulin-like protein 1, Heat shock proteins-70 kDa 1-like, 1A, 1B, 6, Heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2, Putative Heat shock 70 kDa protein 7, Heat shock cognate 71 kDa). Additionally, proteins related to the carbohydrate metabolic process and glycolytic and glucose metabolic process were absent in SS, mainly from OP and OWP (i.e., Frutose-bisphosphate aldose A, Glusoce-6-phosphate isomerase, Pyruvate kinase). Saliva stimulation decreased important proteins involved with immune response and inflammation process in all groups. Unstimulated salivary samples seem to be the best choice for the proteomic approach in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Aparecido Foratori-Junior
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Tercilia Grizzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualtieri Jesuino
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
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Xu Y, Hu C, Liu J, Guo H, Gao J, Wang C, Wang C. Detection of synovial fluid LTF and S100A8 by chemiluminescence immunoassay for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 545:117369. [PMID: 37127230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Synovial fluid lactoferrin (LTF) and S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) have been considered as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) through our previous research. However, the detection methods of these two proteins are still immature, so a rapid, accurate and cost-effective testing method is warranted. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIA) for the automated detection of synovial fluid LTF and S100A8 and assessed the analytical performance for these two methods. In addition, we recruited 86 patients who were suspected of PJI after total joint replacement (TJA) and examined their synovial fluid using CLIA to explore the clinical application value of these methods and the diagnostic efficiency of synovial fluid LTF and S100A8 for PJI. RESULTS Our established CLIA methods have a wide linear range of 20-10000 ng/mL for LTF detection system and 5-5000 ng/mL for S100A8 detection system. Performance parameters such as precision, specificity, and recovery rate can meet the industry standards. Then, the established methods were used to detect LTF and S100A8 in synovial fluid samples, which showed excellent diagnostic efficiency for PJI, and the areas under ROC curve (AUC) were 0.954 (95% CI: 0.909-0.999) and 0.958 (95% CI: 0.918-0.997), respectively. CONCLUSION Our established CLIA methods have the advantages of automation, high throughput, low price, and is expected to be widely popularized in clinical applications. Synovial fluid LTF and S100A8 detected through CLIA had efficient diagnostic potentiality for predicting and diagnosing PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Chenguang Hu
- Tianjin Savant Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300400, China; Beijing Savant Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 101111, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Haoran Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jingkai Gao
- Tianjin Savant Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300400, China
| | - Chi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Chengbin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261053, China.
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Huang Z, Yang X, Huang Y, Tang Z, Chen Y, Liu H, Huang M, Qing L, Li L, Wang Q, Jie Z, Jin X, Jia B. Saliva - a new opportunity for fluid biopsy. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:4-32. [PMID: 36285724 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Saliva is a complex biological fluid with a variety of biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites and microbiota, which can be used for the screening and diagnosis of many diseases. In addition, saliva has the characteristics of simple collection, non-invasive and convenient storage, which gives it the potential to replace blood as a new main body of fluid biopsy, and it is an excellent biological diagnostic fluid. This review integrates recent studies and summarizes the research contents of salivaomics and the research progress of saliva in early diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases. This review aims to explore the value and prospect of saliva diagnosis in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yisheng Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhengming Tang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuanxin Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ling Qing
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhuye Jie
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Razavi P, Rezaee SA, Akhondian S, Asgari N, Fatemi K, Mohajertehran F. Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 but Not Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Implicated in the Manifestation of Chronic Periodontitis. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 11:656-662. [PMID: 37131896 PMCID: PMC10149119 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.4.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition affecting the tooth's supporting tissues, resulting in gradual loss of periodontal ligament (PDL), alveolar bone, and gum resorption. Neutrophil and monocyte/macrophage, destructive proteases like matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-9 play pivotal roles in such lesions in periodontitis. Therefore, this study aims to compare the level of MMP-3 and MMP-9 gene expression in patients with or without periodontitis in an Iranian population. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 22 chronic periodontitis patients and 17 healthy control subjects referred to the department of periodontology, Mashhad Dental School. In both groups, the gingival tissue was removed during surgery and transferred to the Molecular Biology Laboratory for MMP-3 and MMP-9 gene expression evaluation. The qRT-PCR, TaqMan method was used for gene expression assessments. Results The average age of periodontitis patients was 33± 5 years, and in controls, 34.7± 6 with no significant differences. The mean MMP-3 expression in periodontitis patients was 146.67±38.7, and in controls, 63.4±9.1. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.04). The mean expression of MMP-9 in periodontitis patients and controls were 103.8± 21.66 and 87.57± 16.05, respectively. Although the target gene expression in patients was higher, the difference was insignificant. Furthermore, there was not any significant correlation between age or gender with the expression of MMP3 or MMP9. Conclusion The study demonstrated that the MMP3 seems to have a destructive impact on the gingival tissue in chronic periodontitis, but not MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Razavi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Salehe Akhondian
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Nastaran Asgari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Kazem Fatemi
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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11
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Albuquerque-Souza E, Crump K, Rattanaprukskul K, Li Y, Shelling B, Xia-Juan X, Jiang M, Sahingur S. TLR9 Mediates Periodontal Aging by Fostering Senescence and Inflammaging. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1628-1636. [PMID: 35918888 PMCID: PMC9703528 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TLR9 is a critical nucleic acid sensing receptor in mediating periodontitis and periodontitis-associated comorbidities. Emerging evidence implicates TLR9 as a key sensor during aging, although its participation in periodontal aging is unexplored. Here, we investigated whether TLR9-mediated host responses can promote key hallmarks of aging, inflammaging, and senescence, in the course of periodontitis using a multipronged approach comprising clinical and preclinical studies. In a case-control model, we found increased TLR9 gene expression in gingival tissues of older (≥55 y) subjects with periodontitis compared to older healthy subjects as well as those who are younger (<55 y old) with and without the disease. Mechanistically, this finding was supported by an in vivo model in which wild-type (WT) and TLR9-/- mice were followed for 8 to 10 wk (young) and 18 to 22 mo (aged). In this longitudinal model, aged WT mice developed severe alveolar bone resorption when compared to their younger counterpart, whereas aged TLR9-/- animals presented insignificant bone loss when compared to the younger groups. In parallel, a boosted inflammaging milieu exhibiting higher expression of inflammatory/osteoclast mediators (Il-6, Rankl, Cxcl8) and danger signals (S100A8, S100A9) was noted in gingival tissues of aged WT mice compared to the those of aged TLR9-/- mice. Consistently, WT aged mice displayed an increase in prosenescence balance as measured by p16INK4a/p19ARF ratio compared to the younger groups and aged TLR9-/- animals. Ex vivo experiments with bone marrow-derived macrophages primed by TLR9 ligand (ODN 1668) further corroborated in vivo and clinical data and showed enhanced inflammatory-senescence circuit followed by increased osteoclast differentiation. Together, these findings reveal first systematic evidence implicating TLR9 as one of the drivers of periodontitis during aging and functioning by boosting a deleterious inflammaging/senescence environment. This finding calls for further investigations to determine whether targeting TLR9 will improve periodontal health in an aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Albuquerque-Souza
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K.E. Crump
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - K. Rattanaprukskul
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Y. Li
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B. Shelling
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - X. Xia-Juan
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M. Jiang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S.E. Sahingur
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Kowalski J, Nowak M, Górski B, Górska R. What Has Immunology Brought to Periodontal Disease in Recent Years? Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2022; 70:26. [PMID: 36245042 PMCID: PMC9573852 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-022-00662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent decades have shed a new light on the pathomechanism of periodontal inflammation. While classic periodontology concentrates on biofilm control, oral hygiene improvement, professional tooth cleaning and surgical correction of damaged periodontal tissues, new aspects of the destruction mechanisms are being raised. Among them, the greatest attention is paid to the influence of host response on the clinical manifestations of the disease. Numerous studies have proved that the shift from gingivitis to periodontitis is not a simple progress of the disease, but an event occurring only in susceptible individuals. Susceptibility may result from appearance of local factors facilitating biofilm accumulation and/or maturation, or from systemic features, among which over-reaction and prolonged agitation of non-specific component of inflammatory response is crucial. The present paper summarizes the association between periodontology and immunology and updates the knowledge accrued mostly in the recent years. After a brief explanation of advances in understanding of the disease aetiology, the most studied and potentially viable immunological markers of periodontal disease are presented. Possible new therapeutic strategies, exploiting knowledge about the nature of host response—immunomodulation and reduction of chronic oxidative stress—are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kowalski
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maciej Nowak
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Górski
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Górska
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Foratori-Junior GA, Ventura TMO, Grizzo LT, Carpenter GH, Buzalaf MAR, Sales-Peres SHDC. Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Inflammatory Pattern Associated with Obesity and Periodontitis in Pregnant Women. Metabolites 2022; 12:1091. [PMID: 36355174 PMCID: PMC9692340 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and pregnancy may have synergistic effects on periodontal condition, and proteomics could be an ideal approach to highlight the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with these outcomes. This study analyzed the salivary proteomics related to obesity and periodontitis in women during pregnancy (T1) and after delivery (T2). Initially, 126 women were recruited and forty were allocated into groups: with obesity and periodontitis (OP); with obesity, but without periodontitis (OWP); with normal BMI, but with periodontitis (NP); with normal BMI and without periodontitis (NWP). Whole-mouth saliva was collected in T1 and T2, and proteins were extracted and individually processed by label-free proteomics (nLC-ESI-MS/MS). The up-regulations of Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A, 1B, and 1-like were related to both obesity and periodontitis, separately. Albumin and Thioredoxin were up-regulated in periodontitis cases, while Cystatins (mainly S, SA, SN) and Lactotransferrin were down-regulated. The high abundances of Submaxillary gland androgen-regulated protein 3B, Protein S100-A8, Matrix metalloproteinase-9, Heat shock 70 kDa protein 2 and 6, Putative Heat shock 70 kDa protein 7, Heat shock 71 kDa protein, Haptoglobin and Plastin-1 were significant in the combination of obesity and periodontitis. Obesity and periodontitis remarkably altered the proteome of the saliva during pregnancy with substantial alterations after delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Aparecido Foratori-Junior
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | | | - Larissa Tercilia Grizzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Guy Howard Carpenter
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
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14
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Fernández J, Jiménez C, Benadof D, Morales P, Astorga J, Cáceres F, Hernández M, Fernández A, Valenzuela F. MMP-9 Levels in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Chilean Rosacea Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179858. [PMID: 36077255 PMCID: PMC9455966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose prevalence rates remain unknown in Chile. Laboratory benchmark testing for this disease is not useful, therefore, we aimed to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of extracellular metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 as novel rosacea biomarkers. We designed a cross-sectional study with a control group. Participants were systemically healthy adults (n = 20) and persons with rosacea (n = 18). We performed a periodontal evaluation and collected gingival crevicular fluid to measure MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. Analysis showed mean and standard deviation of MMP-9 concentrations in the GCF for patients with rosacea was 764.52 ± 569.83 pg/mL; for healthy patients, it was 260.69 ± 170.43 pg/mL (p < 0.05). The diagnosis of rosacea was responsible for the levels of MMP-9 in the GCF (p < 0.05), as opposed to periodontitis, smoking, and age (p > 0.05). The Area under ROC for MMP-9 was 0.869 (95%, C.I: 0.719−0.956), with a sensitivity of 72.22% and specificity of 81.58% for the diagnosis of rosacea. We conclude that the quantification of MMP-9 in the GCF could be used as a biomarker of rosacea. Also, rosacea was responsible for increasing the levels of MMP-9 in the GCF independent of periodontal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández
- Centro Internacional de Estudios Clínicos, Probity Medical Research, Santiago 8420383, Chile
| | - Constanza Jiménez
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Dafna Benadof
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Paulina Morales
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Jessica Astorga
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Felipe Cáceres
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Alejandra Fernández
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (F.V.); Tel.: +56-2-2661-5834 (A.F.); +56-2-2978-8173 (F.V.)
| | - Fernando Valenzuela
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Av. Plaza 2501, Las Condes, Santiago 7620157, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (F.V.); Tel.: +56-2-2661-5834 (A.F.); +56-2-2978-8173 (F.V.)
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15
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Grant MM, Taylor JJ, Jaedicke K, Creese A, Gowland C, Burke B, Doudin K, Patel U, Weston P, Milward M, Bissett SM, Cooper HJ, Kooijman G, Rmaile A, de Jager M, Preshaw PM, Chapple ILC. Discovery, validation, and diagnostic ability of multiple protein-based biomarkers in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid to distinguish between health and periodontal diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:622-632. [PMID: 35451104 PMCID: PMC9324935 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim To discover and validate differential protein biomarker expression in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) to discriminate objectively between periodontal health and plaque‐induced periodontal disease states. Materials and Methods One‐hundred and ninety participants were recruited from two centres (Birmingham and Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) comprising healthy, gingivitis, periodontitis, and edentulous donors. Samples from the Birmingham cohort were analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry proteomics for biomarker discovery. Shortlisted candidate proteins were then verified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in both cohorts. Leave‐one‐out cross validation logistic regression analysis was used to identify the best performing biomarker panels. Results Ninety‐five proteins were identified in both GCF and saliva samples, and 15 candidate proteins were selected based upon differences discovered between the donor groups. The best performing panels to distinguish between: health or gingivitis and periodontitis contained matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP9), S100A8, alpha‐1‐acid glycoprotein (A1AGP), pyruvate kinase, and age (area under the curve [AUC] 0.970); health and gingivitis contained MMP9, S100A8, A1AGP, and pyruvate kinase, but not age (AUC 0.768); and mild to moderate and advanced periodontitis contained MMP9, S100A8, A1AGP, pyruvate kinase, and age (AUC 0.789). Conclusions Biomarker panels containing four proteins with and without age as a further parameter can distinguish between periodontal health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Grant
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK
| | - John J Taylor
- School of Dental Sciences and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Katrin Jaedicke
- School of Dental Sciences and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Creese
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK.,School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Catherine Gowland
- School of Dental Sciences and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bernard Burke
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, 20 Whitefriars Street, Coventry, UK
| | - Khawla Doudin
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK
| | - Upen Patel
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul Weston
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael Milward
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK
| | - Susan M Bissett
- School of Dental Sciences and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen J Cooper
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Amir Rmaile
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Iain L C Chapple
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), Birmingham, UK
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16
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Chava V, Kamatham S. Comparison of salivary calprotectin levels in periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus after low-level laser therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing: A randomized clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2022; 26:143-150. [PMID: 35321295 PMCID: PMC8936012 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_149_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context and Aims: Calprotectin is a myeloid protein, exerting pro-inflammatory effects on various cells and are shown to be elevated in inflammatory diseases. Periodontal therapy has been shown to decrease the levels of calprotectin in body fluids. Hence, the present study was aimed at assessing salivary calprotectin levels in periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP). Materials and Methods: Sixty-four participants were divided into Groups A (periodontitis) and B (periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]) based on probing depth of ≥5 mm, clinical attachment level (CAL) of >2 mm, and history of T2DM. Based on assigned treatments, the groups were subdivided into A1, A2, B1, and B2 where A1 and B1 were subjected to SRP alone and A2 and B2 received LLLT as an adjunct to SRP, respectively. The parameters assessed included probing pocket depth, CAL, bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), and salivary calprotectin. All the values were subjected for comparison at baseline and 8 weeks. Statistical Analysis Used: Multiple group comparisons were done using analysis of variance; intragroup comparisons were made using t-test. The level of significance was assessed at P < 0.05 for all tests. Results: All parameters showed a significant difference within the groups from baseline to 8 weeks. Intergroup comparison of PI, BOP, and salivary calprotectin showed a significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Reduction in calprotectin levels was noticed with LLLT when used as an adjunct to SRP. Calprotectin may be used as a prognostic marker for periodontitis.
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17
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Buchbender M, Lugenbühl A, Fehlhofer J, Kirschneck C, Ries J, Lutz R, Sticherling M, Kesting MR. Investigation of the Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Oral Biofilm Samples in Patients with Systemic Scleroderma and the Association with Clinical Periodontal Parameters-A Preliminary Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111145. [PMID: 34833021 PMCID: PMC8618500 DOI: 10.3390/life11111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic scleroderma (SSc) has multiple orofacial effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of inflammatory mediators in biofilm samples. It was hypothesized that different expression levels and clinical associations might be drawn. METHODS A total of 39 biofilm samples from group 1 = SSc and group 2 = healthy control were examined for the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-2,-6, and -10; matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-9; and surface antigens CD90 and CD34 by quantitative real-time PCR and clinical parameters. Relative quantitative (RQ) gene expression was determined using the ∆∆CT method. RESULTS The mean bleeding on probing values (p = 0.006), clinical attachment loss (CAL) (p = 0.009), gingival recession (p = 0.020), limited mouth opening (p = 0.001) and cervical tooth defects (p = 0.011) were significantly higher in group 1. RQ expressions of IL-2 and CD34 were significantly lower, IL-6, MMP-9, and CD90 were significantly higher. There was a significant positive correlation of IL-6/MMP-9 and negative correlation of mouth opening/CAL and IL-6/CAL. CONCLUSION Different expression levels of IL-2, IL-6, MMP-9, CD34 and CD90 were detected in biofilm samples from patients with SSc compared to control. An immunological correlation to the clinical parameters of mouth opening and CAL was shown; thus, we conclude that SSc might have an impact on periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayte Buchbender
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-33614
| | - Amelie Lugenbühl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Jakob Fehlhofer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Rainer Lutz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Michael Sticherling
- Department of Dermatology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Marco Rainer Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.); (J.F.); (J.R.); (R.L.); (M.R.K.)
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18
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Qian SJ, Huang QR, Chen RY, Mo JJ, Zhou LY, Zhao Y, Li B, Lai HC. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies New Inflammation-Promoting Cell Subsets in Asian Patients With Chronic Periodontitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:711337. [PMID: 34566966 PMCID: PMC8455889 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.711337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease leading to periodontal tissue breakdown and subsequent tooth loss, in which excessive host immune response accounts for most of the tissue damage and disease progression. Despite of the imperative need to develop host modulation therapy, the inflammatory responses and cell population dynamics which are finely tuned by the pathological microenvironment in periodontitis remained unclear. To investigate the local microenvironment of the inflammatory response in periodontitis, 10 periodontitis patients and 10 healthy volunteers were involved in this study. Single-cell transcriptomic profilings of gingival tissues from two patients and two healthy donors were performed. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry analysis were performed to further validate the identified cell subtypes and their involvement in periodontitis. Based on our single-cell resolution analysis, we identified HLA-DR-expressing endothelial cells and CXCL13+ fibroblasts which are highly associated with immune regulation. We also revealed the involvement of the proinflammatory NLRP3+ macrophages in periodontitis. We further showed the increased cell-cell communication between macrophage and T/B cells in the inflammatory periodontal tissues. Our data generated an intriguing catalog of cell types and interaction networks in the human gingiva and identified new inflammation-promoting cell subtypes involved in chronic periodontitis, which will be helpful in advancing host modulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jiao Qian
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Ru Huang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Ying Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ji Mo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Yi Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Chang Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Isola G, Polizzi A, Ronsivalle V, Alibrandi A, Palazzo G, Lo Giudice A. Impact of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 during Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061777. [PMID: 33810003 PMCID: PMC8004886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been shown to play a key role in endothelial function and perhaps pivotal in the correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). For the study, the impact of MMP-9 of periodontitis and CVD on serum and saliva concentrations was analyzed. For the study patients with periodontitis (n = 31), CVD (n = 31), periodontitis + CVD (n = 31), and healthy patients (n = 31) were enrolled. Clinical and demographic characteristics as well as serum and salivary MMP-9 were evaluated. MMP-9 concentrations in serum and saliva were statistically elevated in patients with CVD (p < 0.01) and in patients with periodontitis plus CVD (p < 0.001) compared to patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects. Multivariate regression analysis showed that c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was the only significant predictor for MMP-9 serum (p < 0.001), whereas hs-CRP (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (p = 0.029) were the statistically significant salivary MMP-9 predictors. This study evidenced that patients with CVD and periodontitis + CVD presented elevated MMP-9 concentrations in serum and saliva compared to patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects. Furthermore, hs-CRP was a negative predictor of serum and salivary MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-378-2453
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economical, Business and Environmental Sciences and Quantitative Methods, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Palazzo
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
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