1
|
Estévez-Paredes M, Mata-Martín MC, de Andrés F, LLerena A. Pharmacogenomic biomarker information on drug labels of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Sanitary products: evaluation and comparison with other regulatory agencies. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2024; 24:2. [PMID: 38233388 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-023-00321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This work aimed to analyse the pharmacogenetic information in the Spanish Drug Regulatory Agency (AEMPS) Summary of Products Characteristics (SmPC), evaluating the presence of pharmacogenetic biomarkers, as well as the associated recommendations. A total of 55.4% of the 1891 drug labels reviewed included information on pharmacogenetic biomarker(s). Pharmacogenomic information appears most frequently in the "antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents", "nervous system", and "cardiovascular system" Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical groups. A total of 509 different pharmacogenetic biomarkers were found, of which CYP450 enzymes accounted for almost 34% of the total drug-biomarker associations evaluated. A total of 3679 drug-biomarker pairs were identified, 102 of which were at the 1A level (PharmGKB® classification system), and 33.33% of these drug-pharmacogenetic biomarker pairs were assigned to "actionable PGx", 12.75% to "informative PGx", 4.9% to "testing recommended", and 4.9% to "testing required". The rate of coincidence in the assigned PGx level of recommendation between the AEMPS and regulatory agencies included in the PharmGKB® Drug Label Annotations database (i.e., the FDA, EMA, SWISS Medic, PMDA, and HCSC) ranged from 45% to 65%, being 'actionable level' the most frequent. On the other hand, discrepancies between agencies did not exceed 35%. This study highlights the presence of relevant pharmacogenetic information on Spanish drug labels, which would help avoid interactions, toxicity, or lack of treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Estévez-Paredes
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain
| | - M Carmen Mata-Martín
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Fernando de Andrés
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Adrián LLerena
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain.
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee M, Han JM, Lee J, Oh JY, Kim JS, Gwak HS, Choi KH. Comparison of pharmacogenomic information for drug approvals provided by the national regulatory agencies in Korea, Europe, Japan, and the United States. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1205624. [PMID: 37361213 PMCID: PMC10285385 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1205624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenomics, which is defined as the study of changes in the properties of DNA and RNA associated with drug response, enables the prediction of the efficacy and adverse effects of drugs based on patients' specific genetic mutations. For the safe and effective use of drugs, it is important that pharmacogenomic information is easily accessible to clinical experts and patients. Therefore, we examined the pharmacogenomic information provided on drug labels in Korea, Europe, Japan, and the United States (US). The selection of drugs that include pharmacogenomic information was based on the drug list that includes genetic information from the Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) websites. Drug labels were retrieved from the sites of MFDS, FDA, European Medicines Agency, and Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. Drugs were classified as per the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical code, and the biomarkers, labeling sections, and necessity of genetic tests were determined. In total, 348 drugs were selected from 380 drugs with available pharmacogenomic information in Korea and the US after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these drugs, 137, 324, 169, and 126 were with pharmacogenomics information in Korea, the US, Europe, and Japan, respectively. The most commonly represented drug class was antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents. Regarding the classification as per the mentioned biomarkers, the cytochrome P450 enzyme was the most frequently mentioned information, and the targeted anticancer drugs most commonly required genetic biomarker testing. The reasons for differences in drug labeling information based on country include differences in mutant alleles according to ethnicity, frequencies at which drug lists are updated, and pharmacogenomics-related guidelines. Clinical experts must continuously strive to identify and report mutations that can explain drug efficacy or side effects for safe drug use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Ji Min Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongjusi, South Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Ju Young Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Sun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Sun Gwak
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cacabelos R, Naidoo V, Corzo L, Cacabelos N, Carril JC. Genophenotypic Factors and Pharmacogenomics in Adverse Drug Reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413302. [PMID: 34948113 PMCID: PMC8704264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) rank as one of the top 10 leading causes of death and illness in developed countries. ADRs show differential features depending upon genotype, age, sex, race, pathology, drug category, route of administration, and drug–drug interactions. Pharmacogenomics (PGx) provides the physician effective clues for optimizing drug efficacy and safety in major problems of health such as cardiovascular disease and associated disorders, cancer and brain disorders. Important aspects to be considered are also the impact of immunopharmacogenomics in cutaneous ADRs as well as the influence of genomic factors associated with COVID-19 and vaccination strategies. Major limitations for the routine use of PGx procedures for ADRs prevention are the lack of education and training in physicians and pharmacists, poor characterization of drug-related PGx, unspecific biomarkers of drug efficacy and toxicity, cost-effectiveness, administrative problems in health organizations, and insufficient regulation for the generalized use of PGx in the clinical setting. The implementation of PGx requires: (i) education of physicians and all other parties involved in the use and benefits of PGx; (ii) prospective studies to demonstrate the benefits of PGx genotyping; (iii) standardization of PGx procedures and development of clinical guidelines; (iv) NGS and microarrays to cover genes with high PGx potential; and (v) new regulations for PGx-related drug development and PGx drug labelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- Department of Genomic Medicine, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-981-780-505
| | - Vinogran Naidoo
- Department of Neuroscience, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain;
| | - Lola Corzo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain;
| | - Natalia Cacabelos
- Department of Medical Documentation, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain;
| | - Juan C. Carril
- Departments of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nualdaisri P, Corlett SA, Krska J. Provision and Need for Medicine Information in Asia and Africa: A Scoping Review of the Literature. Drug Saf 2021; 44:421-437. [PMID: 33666901 PMCID: PMC7994240 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-020-01038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Published reviews of written medicine information (WMI) have mainly drawn on studies published in high-income countries, including very few Asian or African studies. We therefore set out to scope the research literature to determine the extent and type of studies concerning WMI for patients/consumers across these two continents. We sought empirical studies published between January 2004 and December 2019, conducted in any Asian or African country, as defined by the United Nations, in English or with an English abstract. The majority of the 923 papers identified were from high-income countries. We retained 26 papers from Africa and 99 from Asia. Most African studies (n = 20) involved patients in the development of PILs, in the assessment of the effectiveness of PILs or in surveys. In contrast, the highest proportion of Asian studies concerned the content of WMI (n = 42). WMI is desired, but needs to be in local languages, and there needs to be more use made of pre-tested pictograms. Existing WMI frequently does not meet local regulatory requirements, particularly locally manufactured products. A number of studies reported potentially positive impacts of providing WMI on knowledge and medicine use behaviours. Provision of medicine information is essential for safe use of medicines in all countries. Internationally agreed guidelines, incorporating good design principles, are needed to ensure the optimal content and design of WMI. The World Health Organization should support African and Asian regulatory bodies to share best practice in relation to WMI for patients/consumers and to develop and implement pan-continental guidelines that take into account consumer needs and preferences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pitchaya Nualdaisri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Thailand
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK
| | - Sarah A Corlett
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK
| | - Janet Krska
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Scott SA, Scott ER, Seki Y, Chen AJ, Wallsten R, Owusu Obeng A, Botton MR, Cody N, Shi H, Zhao G, Brake P, Nicoletti P, Yang Y, Delio M, Shi L, Kornreich R, Schadt EE, Edelmann L. Development and Analytical Validation of a 29 Gene Clinical Pharmacogenetic Genotyping Panel: Multi-Ethnic Allele and Copy Number Variant Detection. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 14:204-213. [PMID: 32931151 PMCID: PMC7877843 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop a novel pharmacogenetic genotyping panel, a multidisciplinary team evaluated available evidence and selected 29 genes implicated in interindividual drug response variability, including 130 sequence variants and additional copy number variants (CNVs). Of the 29 genes, 11 had guidelines published by the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. Targeted genotyping and CNV interrogation were accomplished by multiplex single‐base extension using the MassARRAY platform (Agena Biosciences) and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MRC Holland), respectively. Analytical validation of the panel was accomplished by a strategic combination of > 500 independent tests performed on 170 unique reference material DNA samples, which included sequence variant and CNV accuracy, reproducibility, and specimen (blood, saliva, and buccal swab) controls. Among the accuracy controls were 32 samples from the 1000 Genomes Project that were selected based on their enrichment of sequence variants included in the pharmacogenetic panel (VarCover.org). Coupled with publicly available samples from the Genetic Testing Reference Materials Coordination Program (GeT‐RM), accuracy validation material was available for the majority (77%) of interrogated sequence variants (100% with average allele frequencies > 0.1%), as well as additional structural alleles with unique copy number signatures (e.g., CYP2D6*5, *13, *36, *68; CYP2B6*29; and CYP2C19*36). Accuracy and reproducibility for both genotyping and copy number were > 99.9%, indicating that the optimized panel platforms were precise and robust. Importantly, multi‐ethnic allele frequencies of the interrogated variants indicate that the vast majority of the general population carries at least one of these clinically relevant pharmacogenetic variants, supporting the implementation of this panel for pharmacogenetic research and/or clinical implementation programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A Scott
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erick R Scott
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Aniwaa Owusu Obeng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mariana R Botton
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Neal Cody
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paola Nicoletti
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Lisong Shi
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ruth Kornreich
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lisa Edelmann
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Skvrce NM, Krivokapić S, Božina N. Implementation of pharmacogenomics in product information. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 21:443-448. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of our study was to analyse the level of implementation of pharmacogenomics (PGx) in product information (PI) of medicinal products approved through national procedures in the EU. Materials & methods: In the analysis, we included nationally approved medicinal products in Croatia if guidelines for relevant substances were published. Results: Overall, 265 marketing authorizations were analyzed. The majority of data included in PI was only informative, while the most frequent PGx biomarkers were genes which code CYP P450. Analysis according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification revealed that most substances belonged to the nervous system. Conclusion: Although hindrances in implementation are anticipated, PI should be more specific in terms of when the testing is indicated and should include actionable recommendations according to the results of PGx testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonja Krivokapić
- Agency for Medicinal Products & Medical Devices, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Božina
- School of Medicine,University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shekhani R, Steinacher L, Swen JJ, Ingelman-Sundberg M. Evaluation of Current Regulation and Guidelines of Pharmacogenomic Drug Labels: Opportunities for Improvements. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 107:1240-1255. [PMID: 31715018 PMCID: PMC7232863 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacogenomic drug labels in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) provide an instrument for clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics. We compared pharmacogenomic guidance by Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC), Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and by the European agencies the European Medicines Agency (EMA), College ter Beoordeling van Geneesmiddelen Medicines Evaluation Board (CBG-MEB), and Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (FIDMD), collectively assigned as EMA/FIDMD+MEB shortened as EMA/FM. Of 54 drugs with an actionable gene-drug interaction in the CPIC and DPWG guidelines, only 50% had actionable pharmacogenomic information in the SmPCs and the agencies were in agreement in only 18% of the cases. We further compared 450 additional drugs, lacking CPIC or DPWG guidance, and found 126 actionable gene-drug labels by the FDA and/or the EMA/FM. Based on these 126 drugs in addition to the 54 above, the consensus of actionable pharmacogenomic labeling between the FDA and the EMA/FM was only 54%. In conclusion, guidelines provided by CPIC/DPWG are only partly implemented into the SmPCs and the implementation of pharmacogenomic drug labels into the clinics would strongly gain from a higher extent of consensus between agencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Shekhani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Steinacher
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacogenetics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesse J Swen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Leiden Network for Personalised Therapeutics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacogenetics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jessurun NT, Drent M, van Puijenbroek EP, Bekers O, Wijnen PA, Bast A. Drug-induced interstitial lung disease: role of pharmacogenetics in predicting cytotoxic mechanisms and risks of side effects. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2019; 25:468-477. [PMID: 31365381 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The diagnosis of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DI-ILD) is challenging and mainly made by exclusion of other possible causes. Toxicity can occur as a cause of drug(s) or drug-drug interactions. In this review, we summarize the possible role of pharmacogenetics of metabolizing enzymes in DI-ILD. RECENT FINDINGS Knowledge of the genetic predispositions of enzymes involved in drug metabolization and their relation with proposed cytotoxic mechanisms of DI-ILD, in particular direct cell toxicity and free oxygen radical production is increasing. The cytochrome P450 enzyme family and other enzymes play an important role in the metabolism of all sorts of ingested, injected, or inhaled xenobiotic substances. The liver is the major site for metabolism. Metabolic cytotoxic mechanisms have however also been detected in lung tissue. Polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes that influence metabolic activity may lead to localized (toxic) reactions and tissue damage. This knowledge may be helpful in preventing the risk of DI-ILD. SUMMARY Drug toxicity can be the consequence of absence or very poor enzyme activity, especially if no other metabolic route is available. In the case of reduced enzyme activity, it is recommended to reduce the dose or to prescribe an alternative drug, which is metabolized by a different, unaffected enzyme system to prevent toxic side effects. However, enhanced enzyme activity may lead to excessive formation of toxic and sometimes reactive metabolites. Therefore, knowing a patient's drug-metabolizing profile before drug prescription is a promising way to prevent or explain DI-ILD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi T Jessurun
- Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
- ILD Care Foundation Research Team, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Drent
- ILD Care Foundation Research Team, Ede, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- ILD Center of Excellence, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Eugène P van Puijenbroek
- Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Otto Bekers
- ILD Care Foundation Research Team, Ede, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Petal A Wijnen
- ILD Care Foundation Research Team, Ede, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aalt Bast
- ILD Care Foundation Research Team, Ede, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Venlo Campus, Maastricht University, Venlo, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cacabelos R, Cacabelos N, Carril JC. The role of pharmacogenomics in adverse drug reactions. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2019; 12:407-442. [DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2019.1597706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain
| | - Natalia Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain
| | - Juan C. Carril
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Suarez-Kurtz G, Aklillu E, Saito Y, Somogyi AA. Conference report: pharmacogenomics in special populations at WCP2018. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 85:467-475. [PMID: 30537134 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 18th World Congress of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (WCP2018), coordinated by IUPHAR and hosted by the Japanese Pharmacological Society and the Japanese Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, was held in July 2018 at the Kyoto International Conference Center, in Kyoto, Japan. Having as its main theme 'Pharmacology for the Future: Science, Drug Development and Therapeutics', WCP2018 was attended by over 4500 delegates, representing 78 countries. The present report is an overview of a symposium at WCP2018, entitled Pharmacogenomics in Special Populations, organized by IUPHAR´s Pharmacogenetics/Genomics (PGx) section. The PGx section congregates distinguished scientists from different continents, covering expertise from basic research, to clinical implementation and ethical aspects of PGx, and one of its major activities is the coordination of symposia and workshops to foster exchange of PGx knowledge (https://iuphar.org/sections-subcoms/pharmacogenetics-genomics/). The symposium attracted a large audience to listen to presentations covering various areas of research and clinical adoption of PGx in Oceania, Africa, Latin America and Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleni Aklillu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Andrew A Somogyi
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|