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Ventura C, Gomes BC, Oberemm A, Louro H, Huuskonen P, Mustieles V, Fernández MF, Ndaw S, Mengelers M, Luijten M, Gundacker C, Silva MJ. Biomarkers of effect as determined in human biomonitoring studies on hexavalent chromium and cadmium in the period 2008-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:110998. [PMID: 33713715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A number of human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have presented data on exposure to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and cadmium (Cd), but comparatively few include results on effect biomarkers. The latter are needed to identify associations between exposure and adverse outcomes (AOs) in order to assess public health implications. To support improved derivation of EU regulation and policy making, it is of great importance to identify the most reliable effect biomarkers for these heavy metals that can be used in HBM studies. In the framework of the Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) initiative, our study aim was to identify effect biomarkers linking Cr(VI) and Cd exposure to selected AOs including cancer, immunotoxicity, oxidative stress, and omics/epigenetics. A comprehensive PubMed search identified recent HBM studies, in which effect biomarkers were examined. Validity and applicability of the markers in HBM studies are discussed. The most frequently analysed effect biomarkers regarding Cr(VI) exposure and its association with cancer were those indicating oxidative stress (e.g., 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH)) and DNA or chromosomal damage (comet and micronucleus assays). With respect to Cd and to some extent Cr, β-2-microglobulin (B2-MG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) are well-established, sensitive, and the most common effect biomarkers to relate Cd or Cr exposure to renal tubular dysfunction. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 could serve as sensitive biomarkers of acute kidney injury in response to both metals, but need further investigation in HBM studies. Omics-based biomarkers, i.e., changes in the (epi-)genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome associated with Cr and/or Cd exposure, are promising effect biomarkers, but more HBM data are needed to confirm their significance. The combination of established effect markers and omics biomarkers may represent the strongest approach, especially if based on knowledge of mechanistic principles. To this aim, also mechanistic data were collected to provide guidance on the use of more sensitive and specific effect biomarkers. This also led to the identification of knowledge gaps relevant to the direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Ventura
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Human Genetics Department, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa Gomes
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Human Genetics Department, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Axel Oberemm
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henriqueta Louro
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Human Genetics Department, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pasi Huuskonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Finland
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Sophie Ndaw
- French National Research and Safety Institute (INRS), France
| | - Marcel Mengelers
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Department of Food Safety, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Luijten
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Health Protection, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Gundacker
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Maria João Silva
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Human Genetics Department, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.
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Summer B, Ständer S, Thomas P. Cytokine patterns in vitro
, in particular IL-5/IL-8 ratio, to detect patients with nickel contact allergy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Summer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - S. Ständer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - P. Thomas
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
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Yang Y, Yin X, Yi J, Peng X. MiR-146a overexpression effectively improves experimental allergic conjunctivitis through regulating CD4 +CD25 -T cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:937-943. [PMID: 28810531 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the mechanism of miR-146a in the regulation of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) through CD4+CD25-T cells. METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized with ragweed pollen (RW) and alum, and then challenged with RW. Eosinophil infiltration was determined using Giemsa assay. ELISA assay was performed to examine the level of antigen-specific IgE in the serum and cytokine levels in splenocytes. The expression of miR-146a was measured by qRT-PCR. Flow cytometric analysis was used to analyze the percentage of CD4+CD25-T cells and Tregs. RESULTS In this study, we found that miR-146a overexpression could effectively improve the symptoms of AC in mouse models. Moreover, in vitro experiments, the proliferation of splenocytes was controlled and the expression of IL-5 and IL-13 was also decreased after transfected with miR-146a mimic. In addition, the inhibitory effect of Tregs on Tcons was affected by the change of miR-146a content in Tcons and had a positive correlation effect. When the content of miR-146a in Tregs changed, the inhibition was not affected. In addition, when inhibited miR-146a, NF-κB signaling pathway was activated, and the expression of IL-5 and IL-13 in Tcons increased. While after added Bay (NF-κB blocker), the NF-κB activity was decreased, and the expression of IL-5 and IL-13 in Tcons also reduced. CONCLUSION MiR-146a decreased in Tcons was contributed to the development of AC through regulating the inhibitory effect of Tregs on Tcons and NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Yin
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglin Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Peng
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Bregnbak D, Johansen JD, Jellesen MS, Zachariae C, Menné T, Thyssen JP. Chromium allergy and dermatitis: prevalence and main findings. Contact Dermatitis 2015; 73:261-80. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Bregnbak
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Hellerup 2900 Denmark
| | - Jeanne D. Johansen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Hellerup 2900 Denmark
| | - Morten S. Jellesen
- Materials and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering; Technical University of Denmark; DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Claus Zachariae
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; Gentofte University Hospital; Hellerup 2900 Denmark
| | - Torkil Menné
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Hellerup 2900 Denmark
| | - Jacob P. Thyssen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Hellerup 2900 Denmark
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Martins LEAM, dos Reis VMS. Cytokine detection for the diagnosis of chromium allergy. An Bras Dermatol 2013; 88:719-25. [PMID: 24173176 PMCID: PMC3798347 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patch testing remains the gold standard method for the identification of the etiologic agent of allergic contact dermatitis. However, it is a subjective, time-consuming exam whose technique demands special care and which presents some contraindications, which hamper its use. In a recent study, we showed that the proliferation assay can suitably replace patch testing for the diagnosis of chromium allergy, which had been previously demonstrated only for nickel allergy. In this study, we try to refine the method by reducing the incubation period of cultures for lymphocyte proliferation assays in response to chromium. OBJECTIVE Develop an alternative or complementary diagnostic test for chromium allergic contact dermatitis. METHODS We compared the production of 9 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17 and RANTES) between 18 chromium-allergic patients and 19 controls. RESULTS Chromium increased the production of IFN-y, IL-5, IL-2 and IL-13 in allergic patients, but only IL-2 and especially IL-13 helped discriminate allergic patients from controls. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy found with IL-13 were about 80%. CONCLUSIONS IL-13 and IL-2 detection may be used to diagnose chromium allergy in 2-day cultures. However, in general, the 6-day cultures seem to be superior for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Agner Machado Martins
- Professor of Dermatology at Hospital Universitário Evangélico de
Curitiba - Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná (HUEC-FEPAR) - Curitiba (PR), Brazil
| | - Vitor Manoel Silva dos Reis
- PhD in Dermatology - Professor of Dermatology, Departament of
Dermatology, Clinics Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo
(Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo - HC-FMUSP) -
São Paulo (SP), Brazil
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