1
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Arnal C, Richert B. Examination of the nails: Main signs. HAND SURGERY & REHABILITATION 2024; 43S:101639. [PMID: 38215879 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2024.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the anatomy of the nail apparatus is a prerequisite for diagnosing and managing various nail disorders. The latter may be associated with systemic pathologies, or accompany infectious, inflammatory, tumoral, toxic or traumatic dermatoses. Before attempting to identify the cause, a rigorous clinical examination should be conducted to screen for elementary lesions that may affect general nail shape, nail surface, subungual attachments, periungual soft tissue or nail color. All of these guide differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Arnal
- Dermatology Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles, University Hospital Brugmann - Saint-Pierre - Children Hospital Queen Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Bertrand Richert
- Dermatology Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles, University Hospital Brugmann - Saint-Pierre - Children Hospital Queen Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium.
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2
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Nahmani L, Fitoussi F. Congenital nail abnormalities. HAND SURGERY & REHABILITATION 2024; 43S:101527. [PMID: 38879228 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Congenital nail disorders are an uncommon presenting symptom which can be difficult to diagnose and manage. Nail diseases in the pediatric population differ from those in adults in terms of diagnosis, approach and management. In most cases, they do not require treatment and resolve with growth. Physicians need to be able to recognize them, to reassure the parents. The most frequently encountered pathologies associated with nail disorder are syndactyly, acrosyndactyly, symbrachydactyly, macrodactyly, Wassel I thumb duplication, Kirner's deformity and congenital onychodysplasia of the index finger. Treatment usually consists in surgical correction of the deformity. Nail malformation can also be an aspect of a systemic disease. It may provide a clue for screening, and should not be overlooked. Nail conditions can be the first sign of nail-patella syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia, dyskeratosis congenita, epidermolysis bullosa, pachyonychia congenita or lung disease. Medical treatment is therefore discussed on a case-by-case basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorie Nahmani
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Armand Trousseau Hospital - Sorbonne University, 26 Avenue du Dr Arnold Netter, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Franck Fitoussi
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Armand Trousseau Hospital - Sorbonne University, 26 Avenue du Dr Arnold Netter, 75012 Paris, France.
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3
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Liu Y, Zhao Y, Gao X, Liu J, Ji F, Hsu YC, Li Z, Nguyen MH. Recognizing skin conditions in patients with cirrhosis: a narrative review. Ann Med 2022; 54:3017-3029. [PMID: 36308406 PMCID: PMC9629063 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2138961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The skin is a major target organ for extrahepatic manifestations of liver diseases, and dermatologic abnormalities are common in patients with hepatic disorders. Clinical examination of the skin, nails and hair can allow for appropriate recognition, early diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases, and improvement in the quality of life and life expectancy of affected patients.Methods: We searched 3 databases (Pubmed,Medline and Embase) and selected studies about cirrhosis related skin manifestations and their pathophysiology.Results: A total of 73 articles were included in the review. Studies displayed the spectrum of cutaneous manifestations related to hormonal and vascular changes as well as nail and hair changes in patients with cirrhosis and/or portal hypertension.Conclusion: Cutaneous alterations are important clues or potential indications in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. Familiarity with skin conditions can be promptly diagnosed and appropriate management initiated.KEY MESSAGESManifestations of the liver and skin disorders are interrelated in various ways. Cutaneous changes may be the first clue that a patient has liver disease.The skin is a major target organ for extrahepatic manifestations of liver diseases. A broad range of cutaneous alterations can be present in patients with cirrhosis, such as vascular, nail, hair, hormonal changes, etc.Recognizing these signs is crucial so that potential underlying diseases including liver disease can be promptly diagnosed and appropriate management timely initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunyu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiashu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fanpu Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Center for Liver Diseases, E-Da Hospital, School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhengxiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mindie H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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4
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Koilonychia in a Patient with Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency Anemia. Am J Med 2022; 135:e393-e394. [PMID: 35679881 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Napolitano JD. The Physical Examination to Assess for Anemia and Hypovolemia. Med Clin North Am 2022; 106:509-518. [PMID: 35491070 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypovolemia develops with the loss of extracellular fluid volume or blood. Rapidly identifying hypovolemia can be lifesaving. Indicators of hypovolemia on examination include supine or postural hypotension, increase in heart rate by 30 beats per minute or severe dizziness with standing, and a decrease in central venous pressure detected on visual inspection of the jugular venous pressure or ultrasound assessment of the inferior vena cava or internal jugular veins. Other findings with utility include a dry axilla and dry oral mucosa. With chronic anemia, hemodynamic changes detectable on examination may be minimal, as the body compensates by retaining extracellular volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Napolitano
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 757 Westwood Plaza Suite 7501, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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6
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Wong CY, Chu DH. Cutaneous signs of nutritional disorders. Int J Womens Dermatol 2022; 7:647-652. [PMID: 35024418 PMCID: PMC8721081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article focuses on the dermatologic manifestations of selected nutrient deficiencies, including protein-energy and micronutrient-related malnutrition. The various nutrient deficiencies presented may share common features. However, distinctive cutaneous signs may prompt clinicians to consider a nutritional cause and help distinguish a nutrient deficiency from other common dermatologic conditions. The recent reemergence of forgotten nutritional deficiencies, such as scurvy and pellagra, in the context of predisposing risk factors that may uniquely affect women more than men makes this topic timely. Recognition of nutritional disorders is important because appropriate treatment may reverse cutaneous signs and prevent irreversible sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Y Wong
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Palo Alto, California
| | - Derek H Chu
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Palo Alto, California
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7
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Shen S, Shao M, Keyal U, Wang X, Li M, Zhang G. Identification of two novel mutations in the PLCD1 gene in Chinese patients with hereditary leukonychia. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:413. [PMID: 33786625 PMCID: PMC8025461 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary leukonychia (HL) is a rare nail dystrophy disease, and several different clinical manifestations and mutations in the phospholipase C δ 1 (PLCD1) gene have been reported. The present study reports on one Chinese family and one sporadic case of with HL. The family members exhibited an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with the involvement of all the fingers and toenails in all the patients. Of interest, most of the affected members had koilonychia during their childhood. Thus, the present study first used gene mapping with an aim to identify the pathogenic gene underlying koilonychia. Through genome‑wide linkage analysis, the pathogenic area of koilonychia was identified on chromosome 3 with multipoint Log of Odds scores >2. A novel pathogenic mutation c.1384G>A (p.E462K) was identified in the PLCD1 gene in all the patients in the family, which confirmed the diagnosis of hereditary leukonychia. A novel mutation c.770G>A (p.R257H) was also detected in one sporadic case of leukonychia. On the basis of these findings and of previous studies, it is suggested that hereditary leukonychia may initially present as koilonychia, whereas hereditary koilonychia does not progress to leukonychia. Moreover, the present study identified two pathogenic variants of the PLCD1 associated with hereditary leukonychia, and highlights the significance of genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhan Shen
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Uma Keyal
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
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8
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Quieros C, Santos MC, Pimenta R, Tapadinhas C, Filipe P. Transient Cutaneous Alterations of the Newborn. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/20-00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal cutaneous alterations are common, usually appearing at birth or during the first few days of life. Most of these conditions are physiological, benign, and transient, arising from a combination of immaturity of the newborn skin with environmental factors. Nonetheless, some of them may eventually be a clue to underlying disorders. Physicians should therefore be aware of these clinical manifestations so that parents can be reassured and, when necessary, complementary investigations can be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Quieros
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Rita Pimenta
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Tapadinhas
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Filipe
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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9
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Gupta I, Tyagi M, Dayal S, Singh J. Unilateral Koilonychia Secondary to Chemical Depilatory Product. Skin Appendage Disord 2021; 7:25-28. [PMID: 33614715 DOI: 10.1159/000510523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess hair is a problem for both men and women who want to conform to today's cosmetic social norms. Chemical depilatories are a safe, fast, and inexpensive method of hair removal. The most commonly used depilatory agents are thioglycolates and to a lesser extent, sulphides. The most common side effect of chemical depilatories is irritant contact dermatitis. However, allergic contact dermatitis is rare and may be related to lanolin, fragrance, or thioglycolate itself. Unilateral koilonychia as a side effect of chemical depilatories has not been described previously in the literature. We report this case due to its rarity and highlight the significance of nail protection while using chemical depilatory products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pandit B.D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Meha Tyagi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pandit B.D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Surabhi Dayal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pandit B.D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Jayanti Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pandit B.D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India
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10
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sotonye Imadojemu
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Correspondence to: Sotonye Imadojemu, MD, MBE, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115.
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11
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50 Years Ago in TheJournalofPediatrics: The Changing Landscape of Iron Deficiency Diagnosis. J Pediatr 2020; 227:113. [PMID: 33228909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Retiform purpura: A diagnostic approach. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 82:783-796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Calleja‐Algarra A, Aragón‐Miguel R, Andrés‐Lencina J, Prieto Barrios M, Vico Alonso C, Velasco‐Tamariz V, Palencia Pérez S. Image Gallery: Spoon‐shaped nails in an 11‐year‐old boy. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:e34. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Calleja‐Algarra
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre – Dermatology Avenida de Córdoba s/n Madrid 28041 Spain
| | - R. Aragón‐Miguel
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre – Dermatology Avenida de Córdoba s/n Madrid 28041 Spain
| | - J.J. Andrés‐Lencina
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre – Dermatology Avenida de Córdoba s/n Madrid 28041 Spain
| | - M. Prieto Barrios
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre – Dermatology Avenida de Córdoba s/n Madrid 28041 Spain
| | - C. Vico Alonso
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre – Dermatology Avenida de Córdoba s/n Madrid 28041 Spain
| | - V. Velasco‐Tamariz
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre – Dermatology Avenida de Córdoba s/n Madrid 28041 Spain
| | - S.I. Palencia Pérez
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre – Dermatology Avenida de Córdoba s/n Madrid 28041 Spain
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14
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15
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Bessis D, Morice-Picard F, Bourrat E, Abadie C, Aouinti S, Baumann C, Best M, Bursztejn AC, Capri Y, Chiaverini C, Coubes C, Giuliano F, Hadj-Rabia S, Jacquemont ML, Lacombe D, Lyonnet S, Mallet S, Mazereeuw-Hautier J, Miquel J, Molinari N, Parfait B, Pernet C, Philip N, Pinson L, Pouvreau N, Vial Y, Sarda P, Sigaudy S, Verloes A, Cavé H, Geneviève D. Dermatological manifestations in cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome: a prospective multicentric study of 45 mutation-positive patients. Br J Dermatol 2018; 180:172-180. [PMID: 30141192 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on dermatological manifestations of cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS) remain heterogeneous and almost without expert dermatological classification. OBJECTIVES To describe the dermatological manifestations of CFCS; to compare them with the literature findings; to assess those discriminating CFCS from other RASopathies, including Noonan syndrome (NS) and Costello syndrome (CS); and to test for dermatological phenotype-genotype correlations. METHODS We performed a 4-year, large, prospective, multicentric, collaborative dermatological and genetic study. RESULTS Forty-five patients were enrolled. Hair abnormalities were ubiquitous, including scarcity or absence of eyebrows and wavy or curly hair in 73% and 69% of patients, respectively. Keratosis pilaris (KP), ulerythema ophryogenes (UO), palmoplantar hyperkeratosis (PPHK) and multiple melanocytic naevi (MMN; over 50 naevi) were noted in 82%, 44%, 27% and 29% of patients, respectively. Scarcity or absence of eyebrows, association of UO and PPHK, diffuse KP and MMN best differentiated CFCS from NS and CS. Oral acitretin may be highly beneficial for therapeutic management of PPHK, whereas treatment of UO by topical sirolimus 1% failed. No significant dermatological phenotype-genotype correlation was determined. CONCLUSIONS A thorough knowledge of CFCS skin manifestations would help in making a positive diagnosis and differentiating CFCS from CS and NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bessis
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1058, Montpellier, France
| | - F Morice-Picard
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Pellegrin University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, AP-HP, France
| | - E Bourrat
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - C Abadie
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sud Hospital and University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - S Aouinti
- Department of Statistics, La Colombière Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Baumann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - M Best
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A-C Bursztejn
- Department of Dermatology, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Y Capri
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - C Chiaverini
- Department of Dermatology, L'Archet 2 Hospital and University of Nice, Nice, France
| | - C Coubes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - F Giuliano
- Department of Clinical Genetics, L'Archet 2 Hospital and University of Nice, Nice, France
| | - S Hadj-Rabia
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - M-L Jacquemont
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Femme-Mère-Enfant Hospital, University of South Reunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - D Lacombe
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pellegrin University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, AP-HP, France
| | - S Lyonnet
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - S Mallet
- Department of Dermatology, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM and University of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - J Mazereeuw-Hautier
- Department of Dermatology, Larrey Hospital, Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - J Miquel
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Femme-Mère-Enfant Hospital, University of South Reunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France.,Department of Dermatology, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - N Molinari
- Department of Statistics, La Colombière Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - B Parfait
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris V, Paris, France
| | - C Pernet
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - N Philip
- Department of Clinical Genetics, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM and University of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - L Pinson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - N Pouvreau
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Y Vial
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - P Sarda
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - S Sigaudy
- Department of Clinical Genetics, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM and University of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - A Verloes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - H Cavé
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - D Geneviève
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France
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16
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Adhikari S, Sigdel KR, Paudyal B, Basnyat B. Nail the Diagnosis. Wilderness Environ Med 2018; 29:419-420. [PMID: 29958781 DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Adhikari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Keshav Raj Sigdel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Buddhi Paudyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Buddha Basnyat
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Patan Hospital, Patan, Nepal
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- M Razmi T
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - R V Nampoothiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - S Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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18
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Moiz B. Spoon nails: still seen in today's world. Clin Case Rep 2018. [PMID: 29531740 PMCID: PMC5838265 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Koilonychia is a nail abnormality characterized by thin, brittle, and spoon‐shaped nails. It is frequently observed in chronic iron deficiency secondary to malnutrition, chronic blood loss, or malabsorption. It may also be idiopathic or related to occupation and rare systemic disorders. Presence of koilonychia should prompt investigations for iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Moiz
- Section of Hematology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The Aga Khan University Stadium Road Karachi Pakistan
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19
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Starace M, Alessandrini A, Piraccini BM. Nail Disorders in Children. Skin Appendage Disord 2018; 4:217-229. [PMID: 30410888 DOI: 10.1159/000486020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nail diseases in children do not account for a significant proportion of pediatric consultations, and most of the time the nails are not observed by the clinician, overlooking their importance. Specific examination of the nails is neglected, while localization to the nails could be an initial sign of a syndrome or a systemic disorder. Nail diseases in the pediatric population differ from those in adults in terms of diagnostic approach and management; some of them even are manifested mainly or exclusively in children. Pediatric patients with underlying systemic disorders are more likely to manifest acquired disorders of the nails. Although rare, nail diseases in children are a source of anxiety for the parents. Examination of the nails is an essential part of pediatric physical examination. A correct clinical history and careful examination help the clinician to distinguish the different conditions and to decide on the correct management of nail diseases in young patients. A classification of nail dystrophies according to age is somewhat arbitrary and a unique classification does not exist. Nail diseases in the pediatric population can be divided according to age groups where a predilection appears in most of the cases. Moreover, certain abnormalities may be lifelong once acquired, but their presentation may be modified by age, worsening or improving during life. This review describes many of the nail conditions that are seen in the pediatric population aging from newborn to toddler, starting with physiological aspects to better recognize the pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Starace
- Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurora Alessandrini
- Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Chelidze K, Lipner SR. The water-drop test for the diagnosis of koilonychia. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 77:e157-e158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Balestri R, Rech G, Girardelli CR, Piraccini BM, La Placa M. Acute Koilonychia of Fingernails due to Lye. Skin Appendage Disord 2016; 2:183-184. [DOI: 10.1159/000453274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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