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Schulz AK, Kaufmann LV, Reveyaz N, Ritter C, Hildebrandt T, Brecht M. Elephants develop wrinkles through both form and function. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:240851. [PMID: 39386989 PMCID: PMC11461087 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
The trunks of elephants have prominent wrinkles from their base to the very tip. But neither the obvious differences in wrinkles between elephant species nor their development have been studied before. In this work, we characterize the lifelong development of trunk wrinkles in Asian and African elephants. Asian elephants have more dorsal major, meaning deep and wide, trunk wrinkles (approx. 126 ± 25 s.d.) than African elephants (approx. 83 ± 13 s.d.). Both species have more dorsal than ventral major trunk wrinkles and a closer wrinkle spacing distally than proximally. In Asian elephants, wrinkle density is high in the 'trunk wrapping zone'. Wrinkle numbers on the left and right sides of the distal trunk differed as a function of trunk lateralization, with frequent bending in one direction causing wrinkle formation. Micro-computed tomography (microCT) imaging and microscopy of newborn elephants' trunks revealed a constant thickness of the putative epidermis, whereas the putative dermis shrinks in the wrinkle troughs. During fetal development, wrinkle numbers double every 20 days in an early exponential phase. Later wrinkles are added slowly, but at a faster rate in Asian than African elephants. We discuss the relationship of species differences in trunk wrinkle distribution and number with behavioural, environmental and biomechanical factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K. Schulz
- Haptic Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lena V. Kaufmann
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 6, Berlin10115, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Noemie Reveyaz
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 6, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Cindy Ritter
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 6, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Thomas Hildebrandt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Strasse 17, BerlinD-10315, Germany
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Kaiserwerther Str. 16-18, Berlin14195, Germany
| | - Michael Brecht
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 6, Berlin10115, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Bu Y, Sun Z, Tao Y, Zhao X, Zhao Y, Liang Y, Hang X, Han L. The synergistic effect of high temperature and relative humidity on non-accidental deaths at different urbanization levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173612. [PMID: 38823719 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the impact of temperature on mortality, yet research on the combined effect of temperature and humidity on non-accidental deaths remains limited. This study investigates the synergistic impact of high temperature and humidity on non-accidental deaths in China, assessing the influence of urban development and urbanization level. Utilizing the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) of quasi-Poisson regression, we analyzed the relationship between Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and non-accidental deaths in 30 Chinese cities from 2010 to 2016, including Guangzhou during 2012-2016. We stratified temperature and humidity across these cities to evaluate the influence of varying humidity levels on deaths under high temperatures. Then, we graded the duration of heat and humidity in these cities to assess the impact of deaths with different durations. Additionally, the cities were categorized based on gross domestic product (GDP), and a vulnerability index was calculated to examine the impact of urban development and urbanization level on non-accidental deaths. Our findings reveal a pronounced synergistic effect of high temperature and humidity on non-accidental deaths, particularly at elevated humidity levels. The synergies of high temperature and humidity are extremely complex. Moreover, the longer the duration of high temperature and humidity, the higher the risk of non-accidental death. Furthermore, areas with higher urbanization exhibited lower relative risks (RR) associated with the synergistic effects of heat and humidity. Consequently, it is imperative to focus on damp-heat related mortality among vulnerable populations in less developed regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Bu
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhaobin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiuge Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yinglin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ling Han
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Ren Y, Li J, Yang J, Hu L, Xu Z, Fu R, Wu K, Guo M, Hu M, Ran L, Li X, Qiu H, Liao L, Zhang M, Luo Y, Zhou S, Ding F. Meteorological parameters and hospital-acquired falls-A multicenter retrospective study based on 10 years of adverse events reporting system data. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34193. [PMID: 39071631 PMCID: PMC11279767 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective and rationale Hospital-acquired falls are common and serious adverse events in medical institutions, with high incidence and injury rates. Studying the occurrence patterns of hospital-acquired falls is important for preventing falls in hospitalized patients. However, the effect of meteorological factors on hospital-acquired falls has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study explored the impact of meteorological parameters on hospital-acquired falls in Chongqing, China, and provided new ideas for the clinical prevention of falls in patients. Methods Correlation analysis and distributed lag nonlinear models were employed to analyze the relationship between 3890 cases of hospital-acquired falls and meteorological data in 13 hospitals in 11 districts and counties in Chongqing from January 2013 to April 2023. Results The number of hospital-acquired falls demonstrated a nonlinear correlation with the daily average relative humidity and negatively correlated with sunshine duration; however, temperature, air pressure, and wind speed were not correlated. Compared to the reference humidity (87 %), the immediate effects of daily average relative humidity (65-68 % and 90-97 %) increased the risk of hospital-acquired falls on the same day (relative risk [RR]:1.027-1.243). When the daily average relative humidity was 95-97 %, lags of 0-1 d and 8-12 d had greater effects on falls (RR:1.073-1.243). The daily average relative humidities of 62-74 % and 91-97 % were statistically significant at cumulative relative risk (CRR)of 4, 7, 10, and 14 d with a cumulative lag (CRR: 1.111-4.277). On sex and age stratification, the lag and cumulative effects of relative humidity more significantly impacted falls in women and patients aged ≥65 years. Conclusion Daily average relative humidity had a nonlinear correlation and lag effect on hospital-acquired falls; therefore, medical institutions should pay attention to the effect of relative humidity on hospital-acquired falls in patients, especially old and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ren
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- Nursing Department, Hechuan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 401533, China
| | - Rongjuan Fu
- Nursing Department, Dianjiang People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 408300, China
| | - Kaihui Wu
- Nursing Department, Nanchuan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 408400, China
| | - Min Guo
- Nursing Department, The 13th People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400050, China
| | - Mei Hu
- Nursing Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Liu Ran
- Department of Endocrinology, Changshou District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 401220, China
| | - Xia Li
- Nursing Department, Qijiang District People's Hospital, Chongqing, 401420, China
| | - Huicheng Qiu
- Nursing Department, Liangping District People's Hospital, Chongqing, 405200, China
| | - Lianmei Liao
- Nursing Department, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Nursing Department, Banan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 401320, China
| | - Yetao Luo
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Sumei Zhou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China
| | - Fu Ding
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Chen Q, Wei N, Lu Y. A modified protocol for studying filaggrin degradation using a reconstructed human epidermis model under low and high humidity. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:380-390. [PMID: 38124299 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filaggrin (FLG) is an essential protein that plays a vital role in maintaining skin barrier function and moisture levels, allowing the skin to adapt to dry environments. However, the precise temporal dynamics of FLG metabolism in the human epidermis remain poorly understood, and suitable tools to study these time-dependent effects are currently lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate the molecular mechanisms and time course of FLG metabolism and skin barrier function under high- and low-humidity conditions, utilizing a reconstructed epidermis model. METHODS EpiSkin specimens cultured under humid or dry conditions for varying durations (2-48 h) were compared by assessing FLG degradation and skin barrier formation using immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. RESULTS Under conditions of low humidity, the proteolysis of FLG in EpiSkin increased between 4 and 12 h and was accompanied by elevated levels of cysteine-aspartic protease (caspase)-14. The expression of peptidyl arginine deiminase 1 and calpain 1 also increased at 4 h. However, after 24 h, the expression of these three FLG-degrading proteins significantly decreased. Conversely, the levels of pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid and urocanic acid initially decreased at 2 h and then increased between 12 and 24 h. Additionally, the expression of skin barrier proteins, such as FLG, transglutaminase 5, loricrin and zonula occludens-1, decreased starting from 12 h. Notably, epidermal cell viability and activity were also inhibited. CONCLUSION We propose a reliable and ethical model to study the temporal dynamics of FLG metabolism and its role in skin barrier function. Using a commercially reconstructed epidermis to mimic dry skin formation obviates the need for animal and human testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Chen
- Technology Innovation Center, JAKA Biotech. Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Technology Innovation Center, JAKA Biotech. Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yina Lu
- Technology Innovation Center, JAKA Biotech. Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Hussian S, Mehdi M, Ghaffar A, Lan K, Hu Y, Lin H, Qaisrani MA, Ali S, Lin J, Mehdi R, Ma R. Development of a dual point humidity sensor using POF based on twisted fiber structure. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10735. [PMID: 38730029 PMCID: PMC11087481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The humidity has often been measured through a single point sensor. Where, the humidity could be varied at different locations as well as depending on environmental conditions. The present paper developed the dual point humidity measuring sensor by using a polymer optical fiber (POF) based on a single illuminating fiber. The sensor's basic structure is to twist two fibers and bend them at a certain radius. However, the dual point sensor is developed through the cascading of twisted micro bend (TMB-1 and TMB-2). The twisting of fibers couples the light from one fiber to another fiber through the side coupling method. An increase in the humidity level leads to a change in the reflective index, which helps to get variation in coupled light intensity. To measure the humidity, the dual point sensors are placed into the control humidity chamber at two random positions. The power reading variation is significantly linear when the humidity level increases from 30 to 80%. The sensor has a fast response of about 1 s and a recovery time of about 4 s. Furthermore, the chemical coating is applied to improve the sensor's sensitivity. Between 30 and 80% range of humidity, the both sensors of dual point TMB-1 and TMB-2 have appropriate sensitivity and detection limits, which is about 680.8 nW/% and 763.9 nW/% and 1.37% and 1.98%, respectively. To measure the humidity at variable positions, the present dual points humidity sensor is well-stable, easy, and straightforward, which uses a less expensive method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadam Hussian
- Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 32400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mujahid Mehdi
- Faculty of Design, Aror University of Art Architecture Design & Heritage Sindh, Sukkur, 65200, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 32400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun Lan
- Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 32400, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 32400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mumtaz A Qaisrani
- School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sikandar Ali
- Faculty of Design, Aror University of Art Architecture Design & Heritage Sindh, Sukkur, 65200, Pakistan
| | - Jie Lin
- Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 32400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rehan Mehdi
- Faculty of Design, Aror University of Art Architecture Design & Heritage Sindh, Sukkur, 65200, Pakistan
| | - Rui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 32400, Zhejiang, China
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Chen J, Liufu C, Zhang W, Luo C, Fu K, Lin J, Liang J, Yang W, Song F, Yang F. Preparation and efficacy verification of three-dimensional printed partitioned multi-effect precision-care gel facial mask. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:209-227. [PMID: 37881065 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A partition multi-effect precision-care gel facial mask conforming to facial skin characteristics was prepared using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. METHODS First, the hydrogel matrix and humectant of a 3D-printed gel for facial masks were screened, and three 3D-printed gels of arbutin, hexapeptide, and salicylic acid were prepared with whitening, wrinkle removal, and oil control functions, respectively. Skin irritation tests were performed on the gels. Physicochemical properties such as pH, heat and cold tolerance were evaluated. The efficacy of three 3D-printed gels was assessed by measuring melanin value, wrinkle depression score, and oil secretion. Finally, the facial mask model design and printing parameters were studied, and a partition multi-effect precision-care gel facial mask was printed in line with facial skin characteristics. RESULTS For the 3D-printed facial mask, the gel prescription with 2% hydroxyethyl cellulose gel as matrix and 7% glycerol as humectant was the best. The prepared 3D-printed gel did not irritate the human skin, and its physicochemical properties met the Chinese facial mask industry standard (QB/T2872-2017). We showed that three types of 3D-printed gels containing arbutin, hexapeptide, and salicylic acid could be applied to the corresponding parts of the face to solve different problems, such as facial skin dullness, wrinkles, and oil secretion. Therefore, according to facial physiological characteristics, the facial mask model was designed for the forehead and nasolabial fold, which needs to be anti-wrinkled; the cheek, which needs to be whitened; and the nose and chin, which need oil control. The optimal printing parameters were 0.26 mm nozzle diameter, 90 mm/s printing speed, 30% filling density, 140% wire extrusion ratio, and 0.25 mm layer height. Different skin care effects can be achieved using a three-nozzle printer to print arbutin, hexapeptide, or salicylic acid gel on the mask's forehead and nasolabial fold, cheek, and nose and chin, respectively. CONCLUSION The 3D-printed partition multi-effect care gel facial mask prepared according to the skin features of different parts of the face can overcome the problem of the single skincare effect of the mass-produced facial masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, The Center of Teaching Experiments, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunqiao Liufu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, The Center of Teaching Experiments, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenfang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, The Center of Teaching Experiments, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhong Luo
- Guangzhou Baiyun Meiwan Testing Limited Company, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaixia Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, The Center of Teaching Experiments, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianchang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, The Center of Teaching Experiments, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, The Center of Teaching Experiments, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fenglan Song
- Experimental Center of Zhongshan Campus, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, The Center of Teaching Experiments, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Ritzmann D, Jahn M, Heck S, Jung C, Cesetti T, Couturier N, Rudolf R, Reuscher N, Buerger C, Rauh O, Fauth T. The Ca 2+ channel TRPV4 is dispensable for Ca 2+ influx and cell volume regulation during hypotonic stress response in human keratinocyte cell lines. Cell Calcium 2023; 111:102715. [PMID: 36933289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell swelling as a result of hypotonic stress is counteracted in mammalian cells by a process called regulatory volume decrease (RVD). We have recently discovered that RVD of human keratinocytes requires the LRRC8 volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) and that Ca2+ exerts a modulatory function on RVD. However, the ion channel that is responsible for Ca2+ influx remains unknown. We investigated in this study whether the Ca2+-permeable TRPV4 ion channel, which functions as cell volume sensor in many cell types, may be involved in cell volume regulation during hypotonic stress response of human keratinocytes. We interfered with TRPV4 function in two human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT and NHEK-E6/E7) by using two TRPV4-specific inhibitors (RN1734 and GSK2193874), and by creating a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genetic TRPV4-/- knockout in HaCaT cells. We employed electrophysiological patch clamp analysis, fluorescence-based Ca2+ imaging and cell volume measurements to determine the functional importance of TRPV4. We could show that both hypotonic stress and direct activation of TRPV4 by the specific agonist GSK1016790A triggered intracellular Ca2+ response. Strikingly, the Ca2+ increase upon hypotonic stress was neither affected by genetic knockout of TRPV4 in HaCaT cells nor by pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 in both keratinocyte cell lines. Accordingly, hypotonicity-induced cell swelling, downstream activation of VRAC currents as well as subsequent RVD were unaffected both in TRPV4 inhibitor-treated keratinocytes and in HaCaT-TRPV4-/- cells. In summary, our study shows that keratinocytes do not require TRPV4 for coping with hypotonic stress, which implies the involvement of other, yet unidentified Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Jahn
- BRAIN Biotech AG, Zwingenberg, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Cristina Jung
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biology, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tiziana Cesetti
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Hochschule Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Hochschule Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nathalie Couturier
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Hochschule Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Hochschule Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Hochschule Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Hochschule Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Naemi Reuscher
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Oliver Rauh
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biology, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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The influence of meteorological factors and total malignant tumor health risk in Wuhu city in the context of climate change. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:346. [PMID: 36797719 PMCID: PMC9933274 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing severity of the malignant tumors situation worldwide, the impacts of climate on them are receiving increasing attention. In this study, for the first time, all-malignant tumors were used as the dependent variable and absolute humidity (AH) was innovatively introduced into the independent variable to investigate the relationship between all-malignant tumors and meteorological factors. A total of 42,188 cases of malignant tumor deaths and meteorological factors in Wuhu City were collected over a 7-year (2014-2020) period. The analysis method combines distributed lagged nonlinear modeling (DLNM) as well as generalized additive modeling (GAM), with prior pre-analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that AH, temperature mean (T mean) and diurnal temperature range (DTR) all increased the malignant tumors mortality risk. Exposure to low and exceedingly low AH increases the malignant tumors mortality risk with maximum RR values of 1.008 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.015, lag 3) and 1.016 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.032, lag 1), respectively. In addition, low and exceedingly low T mean exposures also increased the risk of malignant tumors mortality, the maximum RR was 1.020 (95% CI: 1.006, 1.034) for low T mean and 1.035 (95% CI: 1.014, 1.058) for exceedingly low T mean. As for DTR, all four levels (exceedingly low, low, high, exceedingly high, from low to high) of exposure increased the risk of death from malignant tumors, from exceedingly low to exceedingly high maximum RR values of 1.018 (95% CI: 1.004, 1.032), 1.011 (95% CI: 1.005, 1.017), 1.006 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.012) and 1.019 (95% CI: 1.007, 1.031), respectively. The results of the stratified analysis suggested that female appear to be more sensitive to humidity, while male require additional attention to reduce exposure to high level of DTR.
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Fang W, Li Z, Gao J, Meng R, He G, Hou Z, Zhu S, Zhou M, Zhou C, Xiao Y, Yu M, Huang B, Xu X, Lin L, Xiao J, Jin D, Qin M, Yin P, Xu Y, Hu J, Liu T, Huang C, Ma W. The joint and interaction effect of high temperature and humidity on mortality in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107669. [PMID: 36508749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many studies have reported the mortality effect of temperature, there were few studies on the mortality risk of humidity, let alone the joint effect of temperature and humidity. This study aimed to investigate the joint and interaction effect of high temperature and relative humidity on mortality in China, which will deepen understanding the health risk of mixture climate exposure. METHODS The mortality and meteorological data were collected from 353 locations in China (2013-2017 in Jilin, Hunan, Guangdong and Yunnan provinces, 2009-2017 in Zhejiang province, and 2006-2011 in other Provinces). We defined location-specific daily mean temperature ≥ 75th percentile of distribution as high temperature, while minimum mortality relative humidity as the threshold of high relative humidity. A time-series model with a distributed lag non-linear model was first employed to estimate the location-specific associations between humid-hot events and mortality, then we conducted meta-analysis to pool the mortality effect of humid-hot events. Finally, an additive interaction model was used to examine the interactive effect between high temperature and relative humidity. RESULTS The excess rate (ER) of non-accidental mortality attributed to dry-hot events was 10.18% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.93%, 11.45%), which was higher than that of wet-hot events (ER = 3.21%, 95% CI: 0.59%, 5.89%). The attributable fraction (AF) of mortality attributed to dry-hot events was 10.00% (95% CI: 9.50%, 10.72%) with higher burden for females, older people, central China, cardiovascular diseases and urban city. While for wet-hot events, AF was much lower (3.31%, 95% CI: 2.60%, 4.30%). We also found that high temperature and low relative humidity had synergistic additive interaction on mortality risk. CONCLUSION Dry-hot events may have a higher risk of mortality than wet-hot events, and the joint effect of high temperature and low relative humidity may be greater than the sum of their individual effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhixing Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinghua Gao
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruilin Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhulin Hou
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Sui Zhu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- The National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chunliang Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Yize Xiao
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650034, China
| | - Min Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Lifeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Donghui Jin
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Mingfang Qin
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650034, China
| | - Peng Yin
- The National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yiqing Xu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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10
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Feng L, Zhang Q, Ruth N, Wu Y, Saliou C, Yu M. Compromised skin barrier induced by prolonged face mask usage during the COVID-19 pandemic and its remedy with proper moisturization. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13214. [PMID: 36428277 PMCID: PMC9838772 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged face mask usage, a daily practice for the public due to the COVID-19 pandemic, creates high levels of humidity underneath the mask, which may cause unexpected skin concerns. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of repeated mask usage on the face by comparing skin properties inside and outside of the mask-covered areas. METHODS A double-blinded, randomized, split-face clinical study was conducted with 21 healthy female participants who wore face masks at least 6 h every day for 1 week, with one side of their face treated with a moisturizer three times daily. On day 8, after 5 h of wearing the mask, skin properties (sebum, hydration, and trans-epidermal water loss [TEWL]) were evaluated at 15, 60, and 120 min post-mask removal, followed by barrier disruption and recovery assessment. RESULTS Mask usage weakened stratum corneum (SC) on facial skin compared to uncovered areas, including reduced SC hydration (p < 0.02 at 15 min) and increased TEWL in response to tape stripping challenge (p < 0.03 after stripping). In addition, sebum production also increased after mask removal (p < 0.01 at 15 min). Notably, a daily moisturizer mitigated these effects by increasing SC hydration (p < 0.001) and improving SC resilience against barrier disruption. CONCLUSION Daily prolonged usage of a facial mask, essential due to the COVID-19 situation, generated a high-humidity microenvironment and led to compromised SC, which was revealed by a barrier challenge technique. Moreover, proper facial moisturization may help to maintain skin homeostasis and prevent the barrier impairment caused by repeated mask usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Estée Lauder Companies, Melville, New York, USA
| | | | - Nora Ruth
- Estée Lauder Companies, Melville, New York, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Mei Yu
- Estée Lauder Companies, Melville, New York, USA
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11
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Effects of indoor summer dehumidification and winter humidification on the physiological and subjective responses of the elderly. J Therm Biol 2023; 111:103390. [PMID: 36585092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the physiological and subjective responses of the elderly to dehumidification in a humid summer and humidification in a dry winter compared with the young. Sixteen elderly and sixteen young subjects participated in the dehumidification experiment (DE) and 13 elderly and 15 young subjects participated in the humidification experiment (HE). The air temperature in the climate chamber was set at 28 °C, and humidity was decreased from 70% relative humidity (RH) to 50% RH for 90 min in the DE. The air temperature was set at 25 °C, and the humidity was increased from 30% RH to 50% RH for 90 min in the HE. Skin temperature, body weight, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration state, saccharin clearance time (SCT), and blinking frequency were measured during exposure; whereby we evaluated humidity sensation, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort. Dehumidification caused a significant decrease in skin temperature in both age groups owing to greater insensible perspiration. Humidification significantly shortened the SCT in both age groups. TEWL increased significantly in the DE and decreased in the HE. For the physiological responses (skin temperature, skin physiology, SCT, and blinking frequency) to dehumidification and humidification, no distinct differences between the age groups were observed. However, subjective responses suggested that the elderly were less sensitive to humidity differences than the young in both the DE and HE.
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12
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Bian S, Liu M, Zhou B, Lukowicz P. The State-of-the-Art Sensing Techniques in Human Activity Recognition: A Survey. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:4596. [PMID: 35746376 PMCID: PMC9229953 DOI: 10.3390/s22124596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Human activity recognition (HAR) has become an intensive research topic in the past decade because of the pervasive user scenarios and the overwhelming development of advanced algorithms and novel sensing approaches. Previous HAR-related sensing surveys were primarily focused on either a specific branch such as wearable sensing and video-based sensing or a full-stack presentation of both sensing and data processing techniques, resulting in weak focus on HAR-related sensing techniques. This work tries to present a thorough, in-depth survey on the state-of-the-art sensing modalities in HAR tasks to supply a solid understanding of the variant sensing principles for younger researchers of the community. First, we categorized the HAR-related sensing modalities into five classes: mechanical kinematic sensing, field-based sensing, wave-based sensing, physiological sensing, and hybrid/others. Specific sensing modalities are then presented in each category, and a thorough description of the sensing tricks and the latest related works were given. We also discussed the strengths and weaknesses of each modality across the categorization so that newcomers could have a better overview of the characteristics of each sensing modality for HAR tasks and choose the proper approaches for their specific application. Finally, we summarized the presented sensing techniques with a comparison concerning selected performance metrics and proposed a few outlooks on the future sensing techniques used for HAR tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sizhen Bian
- German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (M.L.); (B.Z.); (P.L.)
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13
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Pavel P, Blunder S, Moosbrugger-Martinz V, Elias PM, Dubrac S. Atopic Dermatitis: The Fate of the Fat. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2121. [PMID: 35216234 PMCID: PMC8880331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease in which dry and itchy skin may develop into skin lesions. AD has a strong genetic component, as children from parents with AD have a two-fold increased chance of developing the disease. Genetic risk loci and epigenetic modifications reported in AD mainly locate to genes involved in the immune response and epidermal barrier function. However, AD pathogenesis cannot be fully explained by (epi)genetic factors since environmental triggers such as stress, pollution, microbiota, climate, and allergens also play a crucial role. Alterations of the epidermal barrier in AD, observed at all stages of the disease and which precede the development of overt skin inflammation, manifest as: dry skin; epidermal ultrastructural abnormalities, notably anomalies of the lamellar body cargo system; and abnormal epidermal lipid composition, including shorter fatty acid moieties in several lipid classes, such as ceramides and free fatty acids. Thus, a compelling question is whether AD is primarily a lipid disorder evolving into a chronic inflammatory disease due to genetic susceptibility loci in immunogenic genes. In this review, we focus on lipid abnormalities observed in the epidermis and blood of AD patients and evaluate their primary role in eliciting an inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Pavel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.P.); (S.B.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Stefan Blunder
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.P.); (S.B.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Verena Moosbrugger-Martinz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.P.); (S.B.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Peter M. Elias
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA;
| | - Sandrine Dubrac
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.P.); (S.B.); (V.M.-M.)
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14
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Hu Y, Jiang F, Tan J, Liu S, Li S, Wu M, Yan C, Yu G, Hu Y, Yin Y, Tong S. Environmental Exposure and Childhood Atopic Dermatitis in Shanghai: A Season-Stratified Time-Series Analysis. Dermatology 2021; 238:101-108. [PMID: 34082421 DOI: 10.1159/000514685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease which sometimes predisposes to allergies. Environmental factors (low humidity, irritants, etc.) are prominent causative triggers of AD. OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the effects of both meteorological factors and air pollutants on childhood AD, and the modification effects by season in Shanghai, China. METHODS Quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression model, combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model was used to examine the nonlinear and lagged effects of environmental factors on childhood AD from 2009 to 2017 in Shanghai. We also performed a season-stratified analysis to determine the modification effects of environmental exposure by season on childhood AD. RESULTS There were 1,043,240 outpatient visits for childhood AD in total, at 3 major pediatric hospitals. Low temperature and relative humidity (RH), and high daily temperature difference (DTD) and air pollutants (i.e., NO2) increased the relative risks (RRs) of outpatient visits for childhood AD in the whole year. In the cold season, an increased risk of outpatient visits for childhood AD was associated with low RH (RR 2.26, 95% CI 1.69-3.02) and high NO2 (1.11, 95% CI 1.06-1.17). In the warm season, outpatient visits for childhood AD were associated with low temperature (3.49, 95% CI 3.22-3.77), low RH (1.89, 95% CI 1.74-2.06), high DTD (1.41, 95% CI 1.31-1.53), and high NO2 (1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.06). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that environmental exposure may be a key trigger for outpatient visits for childhood AD with apparent seasonal effects. Tailored preventive strategies to avoid environmental triggers of childhood AD should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Hu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institution, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Tan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health (Shanghai Meteorological Service), Shanghai, China
| | - Shijian Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiqin Wu
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chonghuai Yan
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjun Yu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yin
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Public Health, Institute of Environment and Population Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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15
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Seurat E, Verdin A, Cazier F, Courcot D, Fitoussi R, Vié K, Desauziers V, Momas I, Seta N, Achard S. Influence of the environmental relative humidity on the inflammatory response of skin model after exposure to various environmental pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110350. [PMID: 33144047 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The skin is an essential barrier, protecting the body against the environment and its numerous pollutants. Several environmental pollutants are known to affect the skin, inducing premature aging through mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation, and impairment of skin functions. Even climate conditions can impact the skin. Therefore, using a Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE), we tested the effect of two samples of fine particulate matters (PM0.3-2.5 - one metals-rich sample and the other organic compounds-rich), two Volatile Organic Compounds mixtures (VOCs - from a solvent-based paint and a water-based paint) and Tobacco Smoke (TS). All pollutants affected cellular functionality, but to a lesser extent for the water-based paint VOC. This effect was enhanced when RHE were preconditioned for 2 h by a semi-dry airflow (45% relative humidity) before pollutants application, compared to preconditioning by a humid airflow (90% relative humidity). In the absence of preconditioning, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES were almost systematically induced by pollutants. When RHE were preconditioned by a semi-dry or humid airflow before being subjected to pollutants, the increase of IL-1α, IL-8, and RANTES falls into two groups. Similarly to RHE not treated with pollutants, RHE treated with VOCs after preconditioning by a semi-dry airflow showed increased IL-1α, IL-8, and RANTES release. On the contrary, RHE treated with PM or TS after preconditioning by a semi-dry airflow show a lower increase in IL-1α, IL-8, and RANTES compared to preconditioning by a humid airflow. The effect of real environmental relative humidity conditions of the air, combined with acute exposure to various environmental pollutants, seemed to relate mainly to structural changes of the skin, determining the outcome of the inflammatory response depending on the physicochemical characteristics of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Seurat
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Hera "Health Environmental Risk Assessment", Inserm UMR1153-CRESS (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et StatistiqueS), Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4, Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de La Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université Du Littoral Côte D'Opale, 189A Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures (CCM), Université Du Littoral-Côte D'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 5914, Dunkerque, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de La Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université Du Littoral Côte D'Opale, 189A Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | | | - Katell Vié
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 Rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - Valérie Desauziers
- IPREM, IMT Mines Ales, Université de Pau et des Pays de L'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Pau, France
| | - Isabelle Momas
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Hera "Health Environmental Risk Assessment", Inserm UMR1153-CRESS (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et StatistiqueS), Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4, Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Seta
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Hera "Health Environmental Risk Assessment", Inserm UMR1153-CRESS (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et StatistiqueS), Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4, Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Achard
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Hera "Health Environmental Risk Assessment", Inserm UMR1153-CRESS (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et StatistiqueS), Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4, Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France.
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16
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Visscher MO, Summers A, Narendran V, Khatry S, Sherchand J, LeClerq S, Katz J, Tielsch J, Mullany L. Birthweight and Environmental Conditions Impact Skin Barrier Adaptation in Neonates Receiving Natural Oil Massage. Biomed Hub 2021; 6:17-34. [PMID: 33791313 DOI: 10.1159/000512274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skin interventions have been implemented to reduce neonatal mortality, demonstrating the skin's role in neonatal innate immunity. We examined the impact of birthweight and environmental conditions on skin integrity in infants receiving oil massage in rural Nepal. Methods In a community-based cluster randomized controlled trial, 991 premature and full-term infants were grouped by birthweight as: (1) 920-1,560 g, (2) 1,570-2,450 g, (3) 2,460-2,990 g, and (4) 3,000-4,050 g and by high or low heat index (HI). Skin integrity was measured as erythema, rash, dryness, pH, protein concentration, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Results Skin pH was higher for the smallest (group 1) than the largest infants (group 4) and higher for group 2 than 3 and 4. Arm and leg rash differed for all 4 groups, with the least amount of rash for the smallest babies. Erythema was lower for group 1 than all others. The lower day 1 values for pH, TEWL and protein at high versus low HI remained lower over 28 days. The pH reduction was faster at high HI. Erythema (arm, leg) was more severe at high HI. Rash severity was greater at high HI for arms and legs every day. Conclusions Birthweight influenced the skin response to oil massage. The smallest infants had the lowermost skin irritation, suggesting diminished ability to mount an inflammatory response. High HI may be protective for premature infants in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marty O Visscher
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Aimee Summers
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivek Narendran
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Subarna Khatry
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project-Sarlahi (NNIPS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jeevan Sherchand
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Steven LeClerq
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project-Sarlahi (NNIPS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Joanne Katz
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - James Tielsch
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Luke Mullany
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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17
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Brans R, John SM, Frosch PJ. Clinical Aspects of Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Ezzedine K, Bennani M, Shourick J, Taieb C. A Method for Designing a Patient Burden Questionnaire in Dermatology. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:521-528. [PMID: 32821144 PMCID: PMC7417926 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s260323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In recent years, the concept of “disease burden” has been given a central role in evaluating patient care, particularly in skin diseases. Measuring patient-reported outcomes (PRO) such as symptoms and disease burden may be useful. Aim To present a methodology that facilitates the development and validation of burden questionnaires for patients suffering from skin diseases. Methodology Based on past published burden questionnaires, a methodology for designing skin disease burden questionnaires was to be developed. Results Based on 16 burden questionnaires developed and published over the last 10 years, the authors propose a standardized methodology for the easy design and validation of disease burden questionnaires for patients with chronic skin diseases. The authors provide detailed guidance for the conception, development and validation of the questionnaires, including reliability, internal consistency, external validity, cognitive debriefing, testing–retesting, translation and cross-cultural adaptation, as well as for statistical analysis. Conclusion The proposed methodology enhances the design and validation of disease burden questionnaires in dermatology. Burden questionnaires may be used in clinical research as well as in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Ezzedine
- University Hospital Henri-Mondor, Department of Dermatology, Créteil, France
| | | | | | - Charles Taieb
- Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France.,European Market Maintenance Assessment, Paris, France
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19
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Karagün E, Yıldız P, Cangür Ş. Effects of climate and air pollution factors on outpatient visits for eczema: a time series analysis. Arch Dermatol Res 2020; 313:49-55. [PMID: 32772259 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-020-02115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Eczema resulting from external and internal factors accounts for the biggest global burden of disability owing to skin disease. This study aimed to determine an association between environmental factors and outpatient clinic visits for eczema. We collected data on dermatology clinic outpatient visits for eczema between January 2013 and July 2019. Data concerning environmental factors during this period were collated using national air quality network and air monitoring measurement parameters, namely barometric pressure, relative humidity, air temperature, and air pollutant concentrations, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM10). A distributed lag nonlinear model was used to investigate the relationship among eczema, environmental factors, and lagged effects. In total, 27,549 outpatient visits for eczema were recorded. In both single-factor and multiple-factor lag models, the effects of a 10-µg/m3 increase in PM10 and SO2 values had significantly positive effects on the number of daily outpatient visits over a total 5 days of lag after adjusting for temperature, the number of daily outpatient visits increased with 0.87%, 7.65% and 0.69%, 5.34%, respectively. Relative humidity (RR = 1.3870, 95% CI 1.3117-1.4665) and pressure (RR = 1.0394, 95% CI 1.0071-1.0727) had significantly positive effects on the number of daily outpatients in single-factor lag models. However temperature had a significantly negative effect on them in the number of daily outpatients (RR = 0.9686, 95% CI 0.9556-0.9819). Exposure to air pollution exacerbated eczema. Outpatient visits for eczema were found to have strong positive associations with changes in PM10 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Karagün
- Department of Dermatology, Duzce University Medical School, Konuralp 81000, Duzce, Turkey.
| | - Pınar Yıldız
- Department of Chest Diseases, Duzce University Medical School, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Şengül Cangür
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Duzce University Medical School, Duzce, Turkey
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20
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Iwamoto S, Tominaga M, Kamata Y, Kawakami T, Osada T, Takamori K. Association Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pruritus. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2020; 2:otaa012. [PMID: 36777956 PMCID: PMC9802076 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often complicated by extraintestinal manifestations. We frequently encounter IBD patients with pruritus; however, clinical evidence for the association of these conditions is lacking. Therefore, the present study investigated the incidence of pruritus in IBD patients. Methods Seventy-one IBD outpatients, including 55 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 16 with Crohn disease, and 39 healthy volunteers (HVs) were surveyed about their pruritus symptoms using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Disease activities in UC and Crohn disease patients were classified according to partial Mayo and IOIBD (International Organization for the Study of inflammatory Bowel Disease) scores, respectively. Skin barrier condition was examined by measuring transepidermal water loss and stratum corneum hydration. The distribution of intraepidermal nerve fibers in skin samples from 9 UC patients was examined immunohistochemically using an antiprotein gene product (PGP) 9.5 antibody. Results Visual analogue scale scores were higher in IBD patients than in HV (P < 0.001). Active stage IBD patients had more severe pruritus VAS scores than those in the remission stage (P = 0.036). Transepidermal water loss was higher in IBD patients (P < 0.001) and active stage IBD patients (P = 0.004), while stratum corneum hydration was lower in IBD patients (P = 0.019) and active stage IBD patients than in HV (P = 0.019). A relationship was observed between the degree of pruritus and number of PGP9.5-immunoreactive intraepidermal nerve fibers in UC patients. Conclusions Inflammatory bowel disease patients, particularly active stage patients, frequently exhibit symptoms of pruritus and dry skin. This result may have predictive and therapeutic implications for the treatment of IBD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Iwamoto
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan,Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tominaga
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan,Anti-aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kamata
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan,Anti-aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kawakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taro Osada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan,Anti-aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan,Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan,Address correspondence to: Kenji Takamori, MD, PhD, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan ()
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Trothe J, Ritzmann D, Lang V, Scholz P, Pul Ü, Kaufmann R, Buerger C, Ertongur-Fauth T. Hypotonic stress response of human keratinocytes involves LRRC8A as component of volume-regulated anion channels. Exp Dermatol 2019; 27:1352-1360. [PMID: 30252954 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The barrier function of the human epidermis is constantly challenged by environmental osmotic fluctuations. Hypotonic stress triggers cell swelling, which is counteracted by a compensatory mechanism called regulatory volume decrease (RVD) involving volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs). Recently, it was discovered that VRACs are composed of LRRC8 heteromers and that LRRC8A functions as the essential VRAC subunit in various mammalian cell types; however, the molecular identity of VRACs in the human epidermis remains to be determined. Here, we investigated the expression of LRRC8A and its role in hypotonic stress response of human keratinocytes. Immunohistological staining showed that LRRC8A is preferentially localized in basal and suprabasal epidermal layers. RNA sequencing revealed that LRRC8A is the most abundant subunit within the LRRC8 gene family in HaCaT cells as well as in primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). To determine the contribution of LRRC8A to hypotonic stress response, we generated HaCaT- and NHEK-LRRC8A knockout cells by using CRISPR-Cas9. I- influx assays using halide-sensitive YFP showed that LRRC8A is crucially important for mediating VRAC activity in HaCaTs and NHEKs. Moreover, cell volume measurements using calcein-AM dye further revealed that LRRC8A also substantially contributes to RVD. In summary, our study provides new insights into hypotonic stress response and suggests an important role of LRRC8A as VRAC component in human keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victoria Lang
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Roland Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Predicting Skin Barrier Dysfunction and Atopic Dermatitis in Early Infancy. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 8:664-673.e5. [PMID: 31568931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dry skin is associated with increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), which has been found to precede atopic dermatitis (AD) in childhood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify parental, prenatal, and perinatal predictive factors of dry skin, high TEWL, and AD at 3 months of age, and to determine if dry skin or high TEWL at 3 months can predict AD at 6 months. METHODS From the Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and Allergies in children prospective birth cohort study, we included 1150 mother-child pairs. Dry skin, TEWL, and eczema were assessed at 3- and 6-month investigations. Eczema, used as a proxy for AD, was defined as the presence of eczematous lesions, excluding differential diagnoses to AD. High TEWL was defined as TEWL >90th percentile, equaling 11.3 g/m2/h. Potential predictive factors were recorded from electronic questionnaires at 18- and 34-week pregnancy and obstetric charts. RESULTS Significant predictive factors (P < .05) for dry skin at 3 months were delivery >38 gestational weeks and paternal age >37 years; for high TEWL, male sex, birth during winter season, and maternal allergic disease; and for eczema, elective caesarean section, multiparity, and maternal allergic diseases. Dry skin without eczema at 3 months was predictive for eczema at 6 months (adjusted odds ratio: 1.92, 95% confidence interval: 1.21-3.05; P = .005), whereas high TEWL at 3 months was not. CONCLUSION In early infancy, distinct parental- and pregnancy-related factors were predictive for dry skin, high TEWL, and AD. Dry skin at 3 months of age was predictive for AD 3 months later.
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Unravelling effects of relative humidity on lipid barrier formation in human skin equivalents. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:679-689. [PMID: 31321505 PMCID: PMC6787114 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01948-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Relative humidity (RH) levels vary continuously in vivo, although during in vitro generation of three-dimensional human skin equivalents (HSEs) these remain high (90-95%) to prevent evaporation of the cell-culture medium. However, skin functionality is directly influenced by environmental RH. As the barrier formation in HSEs is different, there is a need to better understand the role of cell-culture conditions during the generation of HSEs. In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of RH on epidermal morphogenesis and lipid barrier formation in HSEs. Therefore, two types of HSEs were developed at 90% or at 60% RH. Assessments were performed to determine epidermal morphogenesis by immunohistochemical analyses, ceramide composition by lipidomic analysis, and lipid organization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray diffraction. We show that reduction of RH mainly affected the uppermost viable epidermal layers in the HSEs, including an enlargement of the granular cells and induction of epidermal cell activation. Neither the composition nor the organization of the lipids in the intercorneocyte space were substantially altered at reduced RH. In addition, lipid processing from glucosylceramides to ceramides was not affected by reduced RH in HSEs as shown by enzyme expression, enzyme activity, and substrate-to-product ratio. Our results demonstrate that RH directly influences epidermal morphogenesis, albeit the in vitro lipid barrier formation is comparable at 90% and 60% RH.
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Brans R, John SM, Frosch PJ. Clinical Aspects of Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_16-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Ito N, Seki S, Ueda F. Effects of Composite Supplement Containing Collagen Peptide and Ornithine on Skin Conditions and Plasma IGF-1 Levels-A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16120482. [PMID: 30513923 PMCID: PMC6315531 DOI: 10.3390/md16120482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging-associated changes of skin conditions are a major concern for maintaining quality of life. Therefore, the improvement of skin conditions by dietary supplementation is a topic of public interest. In this study, we hypothesized that a composite supplement containing fish derived-collagen peptide and ornithine (CPO) could improve skin conditions by increasing plasma growth hormone and/or insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels. Twenty-two healthy Japanese participants were enrolled in an 8-week double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study. They were assigned to either a CPO group, who were supplemented with a drink containing CPO, or an identical placebo group. We examined skin conditions including elasticity and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), as well as plasma growth hormone and IGF-1 levels. Skin elasticity and TEWL were significantly improved in the CPO group compared with the placebo group. Furthermore, only the CPO group showed increased plasma IGF-1 levels after 8 weeks of supplementation compared with the baseline. Our results might suggest the novel possibility for the use of CPO to improve skin conditions by increasing plasma IGF-1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ito
- Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Research Laboratories, Research and Development Management Headquarters, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577, Ushijima, Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan.
| | - Shinobu Seki
- Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Research Laboratories, Research and Development Management Headquarters, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577, Ushijima, Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan.
| | - Fumitaka Ueda
- Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Research Laboratories, Research and Development Management Headquarters, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577, Ushijima, Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan.
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Kirchhof MG, Landells I, Lynde CW, Gooderham MJ, Hong CH. Approach to the Assessment and Management of Adult Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: A Consensus Document. Section I: Pathophysiology of Atopic Dermatitis and Implications for Systemic Therapy. J Cutan Med Surg 2018; 22:6S-9S. [PMID: 30439299 DOI: 10.1177/1203475418803626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, and remitting inflammatory skin disease whose onset typically occurs early in life. AD pathophysiology includes genetic, immune, and environmental factors contributing to chronic inflammation. A rapidly evolving understanding of the pathogenesis of AD has led to the development of several treatment options for AD in adults, including topicals, phototherapy, and systemic therapies. Here, we provide a concise summary of AD pathophysiology with a focus on implications for systemic therapy.
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Li A, Fan L, Xie L, Ren Y, Li L. Associations between air pollution, climate factors and outpatient visits for eczema in West China Hospital, Chengdu, south-western China: a time series analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:486-494. [PMID: 29194790 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Li
- Department of Dermatology; West China School of Medicine; Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - L. Fan
- Department of Dermatology; West China School of Medicine; Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - L. Xie
- Department of Dermatology; West China School of Medicine; Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Y. Ren
- Department of Medical Statistics; West China School of Public Health; Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - L. Li
- Department of Dermatology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
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28
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Zeng J, Zhang X, Yang J, Bao J, Xiang H, Dear K, Liu Q, Lin S, Lawrence WR, Lin A, Huang C. Humidity May Modify the Relationship between Temperature and Cardiovascular Mortality in Zhejiang Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14111383. [PMID: 29135955 PMCID: PMC5708022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: The evidence of increased mortality attributable to extreme temperatures is widely characterized in climate-health studies. However, few of these studies have examined the role of humidity on temperature-mortality association. We investigated the joint effect between temperature and humidity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Zhejiang Province, China. Methods: We collected data on daily meteorological and CVD mortality from 11 cities in Zhejiang Province during 2010–2013. We first applied time-series Poisson regression analysis within the framework of distributed lag non-linear models to estimate the city-specific effect of temperature and humidity on CVD mortality, after controlling for temporal trends and potential confounding variables. We then applied a multivariate meta-analytical model to pool the effect estimates in the 11 cities to generate an overall provincial estimate. The joint effects between them were calculated by the attributable fraction (AF). The analyses were further stratified by gender, age group, education level, and location of cities. Results: In total, 120,544 CVD deaths were recorded in this study. The mean values of temperature and humidity were 17.6 °C and 72.3%. The joint effect between low temperature and high humidity had the greatest impact on the CVD death burden over a lag of 0–21 days with a significant AF of 31.36% (95% eCI: 14.79–38.41%), while in a condition of low temperature and low humidity with a significant AF of 16.74% (95% eCI: 0.89, 24.44). The AFs were higher at low temperature and high humidity in different subgroups. When considering the levels of humidity, the AFs were significant at low temperature and high humidity for males, youth, those with a low level of education, and coastal area people. Conclusions: The combination of low temperature and high humidity had the greatest impact on the CVD death burden in Zhejiang Province. This evidence has important implications for developing CVD interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zeng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xuehai Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Junzhe Bao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hao Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Keith Dear
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia.
| | - Qiyong Liu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Shao Lin
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
| | - Wayne R Lawrence
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
| | - Aihua Lin
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Cunrui Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Tsankov N, Mateev D, Darlenski R. Skin hydration, microrelief and greasiness of normal skin in Antarctica. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:482-485. [PMID: 28750154 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin is the primary defence of the human body against external factors from physical, chemical, mechanical and biologic origin. Climatic factors together with low temperature and sun radiation affect the skin. The effect of climatic conditions in Antarctica on healthy skin has not been previously addressed. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the skin hydration, greasiness and microrelief due to the extreme climatic environmental factors during the stay of the members of the Bulgarian Antarctic expedition. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-nine Caucasian healthy subjects, 42 men and 17 women with mean age 50.9 years (27-68), were enrolled. The study was performed in five consecutive years from 2011 to 2016 at the Bulgarian Antarctic base camp at Livingston Island. The study protocol consisted of two parts: study A: duration of 15 days with measurement of skin physiology parameters on a daily basis, and study B: five measurements at baseline and at days 14, 30, 45 and 50 upon arrival in Antarctica. We measured three biophysical parameters related to skin physiology at cheek skin by an impedance measuring device. RESULTS No statistically significant difference between parameters at the different measurement points. There is a variation in skin hydration reaching its lower point at day 11 and then returning to values similar to baseline. Initially, an increase in skin greasiness was witnessed with a sharp depression at day 11 and final values at day 15 resembling the ones at baseline. An increase, although not statistically significant, in skin roughness was observed in the first 15 days of the study. Study B showed no statistically significant variances between values of the three parameters. CONCLUSION Our studies show the pioneer results of the effect of Antarctic climate on human skin physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tsankov
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - D Mateev
- Bulgarian Antarctic Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R Darlenski
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Section of dermatology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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