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Jirik KJ, Dominguez JA, Abdulkarim I, Glaaser J, Stoian ES, Almanza LJ, Lee N. Parasitoid-host eavesdropping reveals temperature coupling of preferences to communication signals without genetic coupling. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20230775. [PMID: 37583323 PMCID: PMC10427829 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Receivers of acoustic communication signals evaluate signal features to identify conspecifics. Changes in the ambient temperature can alter these features, rendering species recognition a challenge. To maintain effective communication, temperature coupling-changes in receiver signal preferences that parallel temperature-induced changes in signal parameters-occurs among genetically coupled signallers and receivers. Whether eavesdroppers of communication signals exhibit temperature coupling is unknown. Here, we investigate if the parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea, an eavesdropper of cricket calling songs, exhibits song pulse rate preferences that are temperature coupled. We use a high-speed treadmill system to record walking phonotaxis at three ambient temperatures (21, 25, and 30°C) in response to songs that varied in pulse rates (20 to 90 pulses per second). Total walking distance, peak steering velocity, angular heading, and the phonotaxis performance index varied with song pulse rates and ambient temperature. The peak of phonotaxis performance index preference functions became broader and shifted to higher pulse rate values at higher temperatures. Temperature-related changes in cricket songs between 21 and 30°C did not drastically affect the ability of flies to recognize cricket calling songs. These results confirm that temperature coupling can occur in eavesdroppers that are not genetically coupled with signallers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iya Abdulkarim
- Department of Biology, St Olaf College, Northfield, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Norman Lee
- Department of Biology, St Olaf College, Northfield, MN, USA
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2
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Macchiano A, Miller E, Agali U, Ola-Ajose A, Fowler-Finn KD. Developmental temperature alters the thermal sensitivity of courtship activity and signal-preference relationships, but not mating rates. Oecologia 2023; 202:97-111. [PMID: 37166505 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mating behaviors are sensitive to novel or stressful thermal conditions, particularly for ectothermic organisms. An organism's sensitivity to temperature, which may manifest in altered mating outcomes, can be shaped in part by temperatures experienced during development. Here, we tested how developmental temperature shapes the expression of adult mating-related behaviors across different ambient conditions, with a focus on courtship behavior, mating rates, and mating signals and preferences. To do so, we reared treehoppers under two temperature regimes and then tested the expression of male and female mating behaviors across a range of ambient temperatures. We found that developmental temperature affects the thermal sensitivity of courtship behavior and mating signals for males. However, developmental temperature did not affect the thermal sensitivity of courtship or mate preferences in females. This sex-specific plasticity did not alter the likelihood of mating across ambient temperatures, but it did disrupt how closely mating signals and preferences matched each other at higher ambient temperatures. As a result, developmental temperature could alter sexual selection through signal-preference de-coupling. We further discuss how adult age may drive sex-specific results, and the potential for mismatches between developmental and mating thermal environments under future climate change predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Macchiano
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
| | - Em Miller
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | | | | | - Kasey D Fowler-Finn
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA
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3
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Abstract
AbstractClimate change is altering species' habitats, phenology, and behavior. Although sexual behaviors impact population persistence and fitness, climate change's effects on sexual signals are understudied. Climate change can directly alter temperature-dependent sexual signals, cause changes in body size or condition that affect signal production, or alter the selective landscape of sexual signals. We tested whether temperature-dependent mating calls of Mexican spadefoot toads (Spea multiplicata) had changed in concert with climate in the southwestern United States across 22 years. We document increasing air temperatures, decreasing rainfall, and changing seasonal patterns of temperature and rainfall in the spadefoots' habitat. Despite increasing air temperatures, spadefoots' ephemeral breeding ponds have been getting colder at most elevations, and male calls have been slowing as a result. However, temperature-standardized call characters have become faster, and male condition has increased, possibly due to changes in the selective environment. Thus, climate change might generate rapid, complex changes in sexual signals with important evolutionary consequences.
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4
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Akassou I, Zapponi L, Verrastro V, Ciolli M, Mazzoni V. Extending the vibroscape to agroecosystems: investigating the influence of abiotic factors and monitoring insect vibrational signaling. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14143. [PMID: 36415862 PMCID: PMC9676016 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental conditions are crucial factors that influence communication systems and affect animal behavior. Research in the field of biotremology has improved our understanding of insect behavior, ecology, and evolution. However, the interactions between vibrational signaling and environmental factors are less studied, mainly because of technical issues faced in field trials. We therefore developed and tested an approach to investigate the effect of abiotic factors on insect vibrational signaling and explored its implementation as a monitoring tool for insect vibrational signals, using a vineyard as an agroecosystem model. Our results showed a significant decrease in insect signaling activity during unsuitable conditions of high temperature and wind velocity. We determined for the first time, the daily signaling pattern of the two insect pests, Scaphoideus titanus and Halyomorpha halys, in natural conditions. Biotremology techniques could be profitably used to monitor not only the presence of target pest species but also the biodiversity associated with vibrational signaling insects. In particular, the method implemented in this study could be used as a tool to compare the quality of cultivated areas under different management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Akassou
- DICAM Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy,Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Livia Zapponi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Verrastro
- CIHEAM–IAMB—International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ciolli
- DICAM Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy,C3A Centre Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Valerio Mazzoni
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
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5
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Sasson D, Agali U, Brouk R, Hercules J, Kilmer J, Macchiano A, Ola-Ajose A, Fowler-Finn K. The potential for the evolution of thermally sensitive courtship behaviours in the treehopper, Enchenopa binotata. J Evol Biol 2022; 35:1442-1454. [PMID: 36129909 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability of animals to adapt to warming will depend on the evolutionary potential of thermally sensitive traits. The number of studies measuring the quantitative genetics of a wide variety of thermally sensitive traits has steadily increased; however, no study has yet investigated the quantitative genetics of thermal sensitivity for courtship traits. Since courtship often precedes mating, the ability of these traits to respond to warming may impact reproduction and therefore population persistence. Here, we use classic quantitative genetics breeding design to estimate heritability of various aspects of the thermal sensitivity of courtship behaviours in the treehopper Enchenopa binotata. We generated individual-level thermal courtship activity curves for males and females and measured levels of genetic variation in the thermal sensitivity of courtship activity. We found low heritability with 95% credible intervals that did not approach zero for most traits. Levels of genetic variation were highest in traits describing thermal tolerance. We also found some evidence for genetic correlations between traits within but not across sexes. Together, our results suggest that the range of temperatures over which these treehoppers actively court can evolve, although it remains unclear whether adaptation can happen quickly enough to match the speed of warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sasson
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Uchechukwu Agali
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Harris-Stowe State University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rachel Brouk
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacob Hercules
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Joey Kilmer
- Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Anthony Macchiano
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Abisiola Ola-Ajose
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Harris-Stowe State University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kasey Fowler-Finn
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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6
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Fowler‐Finn KD, Johnson T. Harvesters (Arachnida: Opiliones) mate more at cooler temperatures, but the effect of temperature on mating varies across years. Ethology 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd Johnson
- Department of Biology Saint Louis University Saint Louis Missouri USA
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7
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Coomes C, Derryberry E. High temperatures reduce song production and alter signal salience in songbirds. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Enos AN, Kozak GM. Elevated temperature increases reproductive investment in less preferred mates in the invasive European corn borer moth. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:12064-12074. [PMID: 34522361 PMCID: PMC8427566 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapidly changing environments may weaken sexual selection and lead to indiscriminate mating by interfering with the reception of mating signals or by increasing the costs associated with mate choice. If temperature alters sexual selection, it may impact population response and adaptation to climate change. Here, we examine how differences in temperature of the mating environment influence reproductive investment in the European corn borer moth (Ostrinia nubilalis). Mate preference in this species is known to be related to pheromone usage, with assortative mating occurring between genetically distinct E and Z strains that differ in the composition of female and male pheromones. We compared egg production within and between corn borer lines derived from four different populations that vary in pheromone composition and other traits. Pairs of adults were placed in a mating environment that matched the pupal environment (ambient temperature) or at elevated temperature (5°C above the pupal environment). At ambient temperature, we found that within-line pairs produced eggs sooner and produced more egg clusters than between-line pairs. However, at elevated temperature, between-line pairs produced the same number of egg clusters as within-line pairs. These results suggest that elevated temperature increased investment in matings with typically less preferred, between-line mates. This increased investment could result in changes in gene flow among corn borer populations in warming environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle N. Enos
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts‐DartmouthDartmouthMassachusettsUSA
| | - Genevieve M. Kozak
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts‐DartmouthDartmouthMassachusettsUSA
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9
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Leith NT, Macchiano A, Moore MP, Fowler-Finn KD. Temperature impacts all behavioral interactions during insect and arachnid reproduction. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 45:106-114. [PMID: 33831604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Temperature shapes the processes and outcomes of behaviors that occur throughout the progression of insect and arachnid mating interactions and reproduction. Here, we highlight how temperature impacts precopulatory activity levels, competition among rivals, communication with potential mates, and the relative costs and benefits of mating. We review how both the prevailing temperature conditions during reproductive activity and the temperatures experienced early in life influence mating-related behavior. To effectively predict the consequences of global warming for insect and arachnid mating behavior, we advocate for future work that universally integrates a function-valued approach to measuring thermal sensitivity. A function-valued approach will be especially useful for understanding how fine-scale temperature variation shapes current and future selection on mating interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah T Leith
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, United States.
| | | | - Michael P Moore
- Living Earth Collaborative, Washington University in St. Louis, United States
| | - Kasey D Fowler-Finn
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, United States; Living Earth Collaborative, Washington University in St. Louis, United States
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10
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Broder ED, Elias DO, Rodríguez RL, Rosenthal GG, Seymoure BM, Tinghitella RM. Evolutionary novelty in communication between the sexes. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20200733. [PMID: 33529546 PMCID: PMC8086948 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of signalling traits within and across taxa is vast and striking, prompting us to consider how novelty evolves in the context of animal communication. Sexual selection contributes to diversification, and here we endeavour to understand the initial conditions that facilitate the maintenance or elimination of new sexual signals and receiver features. New sender and receiver variants can occur through mutation, plasticity, hybridization and cultural innovation, and the initial conditions of the sender, the receiver and the environment then dictate whether a novel cue becomes a signal. New features may arise in the sender, the receiver or both simultaneously. We contend that it may be easier than assumed to evolve new sexual signals because sexual signals may be arbitrary, sexual conflict is common and receivers are capable of perceiving much more of the world than just existing sexual signals. Additionally, changes in the signalling environment can approximate both signal and receiver changes through a change in transmission characteristics of a given environment or the use of new environments. The Anthropocene has led to wide-scale disruption of the environment and may thus generate opportunity to directly observe the evolution of new signals to address questions that are beyond the reach of phylogenetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Dale Broder
- Department of Biology, St Ambrose University, Davenport, IA 52803, USA
| | - Damian O. Elias
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rafael L. Rodríguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Gil G. Rosenthal
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Brett M. Seymoure
- Living Earth Collaborative, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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11
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Brandt EE, Rosenthal MF, Elias DO. Complex interactions between temperature, sexual signals and mate choice in a desert-dwelling jumping spider. Anim Behav 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Sasson DA, Johnson SL, Smith MD, Brockmann HJ. Seasonal Variation in Reproduction of Horseshoe Crabs ( Limulus polyphemus) from the Gulf Coast of Florida. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2020; 239:24-39. [PMID: 32812812 DOI: 10.1086/709876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe timing of reproduction is often governed by environmental variables, such as temperature or rainfall. Understanding how environmental variables affect mating dynamics is necessary to predict how systems and populations may adapt to changing environmental conditions and is crucial for management of threatened species. The American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) ranges from the Yucatan to Maine in distinct populations that differ in their timing of reproduction; while most populations have only one breeding period during the spring, some southern populations have two breeding periods. Here we discuss seasonal patterns of reproduction in a Florida Gulf coast population where horseshoe crabs have two periods of breeding: one in the spring and another in the fall. We used environmental measurements, spawning surveys, mark-recapture, and measurements of adult traits and spawning behavior to compare reproductive parameters between the two spawning seasons over three years. We then evaluated whether environmental conditions affect fall and spring horseshoe crab nesting patterns similarly and whether fall and spring horseshoe crabs should be considered two separate populations. We found significant differences in environmental conditions across seasons and in a wide variety of horseshoe crab traits and nesting parameters. Furthermore, environmental conditions affected nesting behaviors of fall and spring horseshoe crabs differently. However, some individuals spawn during both seasons, suggesting that trait differences may be attributable to environmental effects during development or seasonal plasticity, rather than genetic differences, although further study is necessary. Finally, our results suggest that management practices should be tailored to each population, because environmental conditions may have different effects even on genetically similar groups.
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13
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Macchiano A, Sasson DA, Leith NT, Fowler-Finn KD. Patterns of Thermal Sensitivity and Sex-Specificity of Courtship Behavior Differs Between Two Sympatric Species of Enchenopa Treehopper. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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