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Serga S, Kovalenko PA, Maistrenko OM, Deconninck G, Shevchenko O, Iakovenko N, Protsenko Y, Susulovsky A, Kaczmarek Ł, Pavlovska M, Convey P, Kozeretska I. Wolbachia in Antarctic terrestrial invertebrates: Absent or undiscovered? ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e70040. [PMID: 39533947 PMCID: PMC11558105 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.70040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Interactions between a host organism and its associated microbiota, including symbiotic bacteria, play a crucial role in host adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Antarctica provides a unique environment for the establishment and maintenance of symbiotic relationships. One of the most extensively studied symbiotic bacteria in invertebrates is Wolbachia pipientis, which is associated with a wide variety of invertebrates. Wolbachia is known for manipulating host reproduction and having obligate or facultative mutualistic relationships with various hosts. However, there is a lack of clear understanding of the prevalence of Wolbachia in terrestrial invertebrates in Antarctica. We present the outcomes of a literature search for information on the occurrence of Wolbachia in each of the major taxonomic groups of terrestrial invertebrates (Acari, Collembola, Diptera, Rotifera, Nematoda, Tardigrada). We also performed profiling of prokaryotes based on three marker genes and Kraken2 in available whole genome sequence data obtained from Antarctic invertebrate samples. We found no reports or molecular evidence of Wolbachia in these invertebrate groups in Antarctica. We discuss possible reasons underlying this apparent absence and suggest opportunities for more targeted future research to confirm bacteria's presence or absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Serga
- CBGP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRDInstitut Agro MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- National Antarctic Scientific Center of UkraineKyivUkraine
| | - Pavlo A. Kovalenko
- National Antarctic Scientific Center of UkraineKyivUkraine
- State Institution Institute for Evolutionary EcologyNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine
| | - Oleksandr M. Maistrenko
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryStructural and Computational Biology UnitHeidelbergGermany
- Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 't Horntje (Texel)Den HoornNetherlands
| | - Gwenaëlle Deconninck
- UMR CNRS 7261 Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'InsecteUniversité de Tours, Parc GrandmontToursFrance
| | - Oleksandra Shevchenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and CryomedicineNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKharkivUkraine
- I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of ZoologyNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine
| | - Nataliia Iakovenko
- I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of ZoologyNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine
- Czech University of Life Sciences PragueFaculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesSuchdolCzech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS ČRLaboratory of Nonmendelian EvolutionLibechovCzech Republic
| | | | - Andrij Susulovsky
- State Museum of Natural HistoryNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineLvivUkraine
| | - Łukasz Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznańPoland
| | | | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High CrossCambridgeUK
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkSouth Africa
- Biodiversity of Antarctic and Sub‐Antarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
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2
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Gale JT, Kreutz R, Gottfredson Morgan SJ, Davis EK, Hough C, Cisneros Cancino WA, Burnside B, Barney R, Hunsaker R, Hoyt AT, Cluff A, Nosker M, Sefcik C, Beales E, Beltz J, Frandsen PB, Schmidt P, Chaston JM. Environment and diet shape the geography-specific Drosophila melanogaster microbiota composition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.10.07.617096. [PMID: 39416031 PMCID: PMC11482821 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.07.617096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Geographic and environmental variation in the animal microbiota can be directly linked to the evolution and wild fitness of their hosts but often appears to be disordered. Here, we sought to better understand patterns that underlie wild variation in the microbiota composition of Drosophila melanogaster . First, environmental temperature predicted geographic variation in fly microbial communities better than latitude did. The microbiota also differed between wild flies and their diets, supporting previous conclusions that the fly microbiota is not merely a reflection of diet. Flies feeding on different diets varied significantly in their microbiota composition, and flies sampled from individual apples were exceptionally depauperate for the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), a major bacterial group in wild and laboratory flies. However, flies bore significantly more LAB when sampled from other fruits or compost piles. Follow-up analyses revealed that LAB abundance in the flies uniquely responds to fruit decomposition, whereas other microbiota members better indicate temporal seasonal progression. Finally, we show that diet-dependent variation in the fly microbiota is associated with phenotypic differentiation of fly lines collected in a single orchard. These last findings link covariation between the flies' dietary history, microbiota composition, and genetic variation across relatively small (single-orchard) landscapes, reinforcing the critical role that environment-dependent variation in microbiota composition can play in local adaptation and genomic differentiation of a model animal host. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The microbial communities of animals influence their hosts' evolution and wild fitness, but it is hard to predict and explain how the microbiota varies in wild animals. Here, we describe that the microbiota composition of wild Drosophila melanogaster can be ordered by temperature, humidity, geographic distance, diet decomposition, and diet type. We show how these determinants of microbiota variation can help explain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) abundance in the flies, including the rarity of LAB in some previous studies. Finally, we show that wild fly phenotypes segregate with the flies' diet and microbiota composition, illuminating links between the microbiota and host evolution. Together, these findings help explain how variation in microbiota compositions can shape an animal's life history.
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3
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Miranda VH, Amaral RV, Cogni R. Clinal variation in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster: An old debate about natural selection and neutral processes. Genet Mol Biol 2024; 47Suppl 1:e20230348. [PMID: 39037374 PMCID: PMC11262002 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing between environmental adaptations and neutral processes poses a challenge in population genetics and evolutionary studies, particularly when phenomena can be explained by both processes. Clines are genotypic or phenotypic characters correlated with environmental variables, because of that correlation, they are used as examples of spatially varying selection. At the same time, many genotypic clines can be explained by demographic history, like isolation by distance or secondary contact zones. Clines have been extensively studied in Drosophila melanogaster, especially in North America and Australia, where they are attributed to both differential selection and various demographic processes. This review explores existing literature supporting this conclusion and suggests new approaches to better understand the influence of these processes on clines. These innovative approaches aim to shed light on the longstanding debate regarding the importance of natural selection versus neutral processes in maintaining variation in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitória H. Miranda
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências,
Departamento de Ecologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Viana Amaral
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências,
Departamento de Ecologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cogni
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências,
Departamento de Ecologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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4
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Henry LP, Fernandez M, Wolf S, Abhyankar V, Ayroles JF. Wolbachia impacts microbiome diversity and fitness-associated traits for Drosophila melanogaster in a seasonally fluctuating environment. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e70004. [PMID: 39041013 PMCID: PMC11262851 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.70004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiome contributes to many different host traits, but its role in host adaptation remains enigmatic. The fitness benefits of the microbiome often depend on ecological conditions, but theory suggests that fluctuations in both the microbiome and environment modulate these fitness benefits. Moreover, vertically transmitted bacteria might constrain the ability of both the microbiome and host to respond to changing environments. Drosophila melanogaster provides an excellent system to investigate the impacts of interactions between the microbiome and the environment. To address this question, we created field mesocosms of D. melanogaster undergoing seasonal environmental change with and without the vertically transmitted bacteria, Wolbachia pipientis. Sampling temporal patterns in the microbiome revealed that Wolbachia constrained microbial diversity. Furthermore, Wolbachia and a dominant member of the microbiome, Commensalibacter, were associated with differences in two higher-order fitness traits, starvation resistance and lifespan. Our work here suggests that the interplay between the abiotic context and microbe-microbe interactions may shape key host phenotypes that underlie adaptation to changing environments. We conclude by exploring the consequences of complex interactions between Wolbachia and the microbiome for our understanding of eco-evolutionary processes that shape host-microbiome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P. Henry
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Lewis‐Sigler Institute for Integrative GenomicsPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems BiologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Michael Fernandez
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Lewis‐Sigler Institute for Integrative GenomicsPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Scott Wolf
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Lewis‐Sigler Institute for Integrative GenomicsPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Varada Abhyankar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Lewis‐Sigler Institute for Integrative GenomicsPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Julien F. Ayroles
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Lewis‐Sigler Institute for Integrative GenomicsPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
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5
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Hague MTJ, Wheeler TB, Cooper BS. Comparative analysis of Wolbachia maternal transmission and localization in host ovaries. Commun Biol 2024; 7:727. [PMID: 38877196 PMCID: PMC11178894 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Many insects and other animals carry microbial endosymbionts that influence their reproduction and fitness. These relationships only persist if endosymbionts are reliably transmitted from one host generation to the next. Wolbachia are maternally transmitted endosymbionts found in most insect species, but transmission rates can vary across environments. Maternal transmission of wMel Wolbachia depends on temperature in natural Drosophila melanogaster hosts and in transinfected Aedes aegypti, where wMel is used to block pathogens that cause human disease. In D. melanogaster, wMel transmission declines in the cold as Wolbachia become less abundant in host ovaries and at the posterior pole plasm (the site of germline formation) in mature oocytes. Here, we assess how temperature affects maternal transmission and underlying patterns of Wolbachia localization across 10 Wolbachia strains diverged up to 50 million years-including strains closely related to wMel-and their natural Drosophila hosts. Many Wolbachia maintain high transmission rates across temperatures, despite highly variable (and sometimes low) levels of Wolbachia in the ovaries and at the developing germline in late-stage oocytes. Identifying strains like closely related wMel-like Wolbachia with stable transmission across variable environmental conditions may improve the efficacy of Wolbachia-based biocontrol efforts as they expand into globally diverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy B Wheeler
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Brandon S Cooper
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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6
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Strunov A, Schönherr C, Kapun M. Wolbachia effects on thermal preference of natural Drosophila melanogaster are influenced by host genetic background, Wolbachia type, and bacterial titer. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16579. [PMID: 38192184 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Temperature plays a fundamental role in the fitness of all organisms. In particular, it strongly affects metabolism and reproduction in ectotherms that have limited physiological capabilities to regulate their body temperature. The influence of temperature variation on the physiology and behaviour of ectotherms is well studied but we still know little about the influence of symbiotic interactions on thermal preference (Tp ) of the host. A growing number of studies focusing on the Wolbachia-Drosophila host-symbiont system found that Wolbachia can influence Tp in Drosophila laboratory strains. Here, we investigated the effect of Wolbachia on Tp in wild-type D. melanogaster flies recently collected from nature. Consistent with previous data, we found reduced Tp compared to an uninfected control in one of two fly strains infected with the wMelCS Wolbachia type. Additionally, we, for the first time, found that Wolbachia titer variation influences the thermal preference of the host fly. These data indicate that the interaction of Wolbachia and Drosophila resulting in behavioural variation is strongly influenced by the genetic background of the host and symbiont. More studies are needed to better understand the evolutionary significance of Tp variation influenced by Wolbachia in natural Drosophila populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Strunov
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charlotte Schönherr
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Kapun
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Central Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Adonyeva NV, Efimov VM, Gruntenko NE. The Effect of Genotype Combinations of Wolbachia and Its Drosophila melanogaster Host on Fertility, Developmental Rate and Heat Stress Resistance of Flies. INSECTS 2023; 14:928. [PMID: 38132601 PMCID: PMC10743879 DOI: 10.3390/insects14120928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The best-known effect of the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia is its mostly negative influence on the reproduction of the host. However, there is evidence of a positive influence of Wolbachia on the host's resistance to stress, pathogens, and viruses. Here, we analyzed the effects of two Wolbachia strains belonging to wMel and wMelCS genotypes on D. melanogaster traits, such as fertility, survival under acute heat stress, and developmental rate. We found that D. melanogaster lines under study differ significantly in the above-mentioned characteristics, both when the natural infection was preserved, and when it was eliminated. One of Wolbachia strains, wMel, did not affect any of the studied traits. Another strain, wMelPlus, had a significant effect on the development time. Moreover, this effect is observed not only in the line in which it was discovered but also in the one it was transferred to. When transferred to a new line, wMelPlus also caused changes in survival under heat stress. Thus, it could be concluded that Wolbachia-Drosophila interaction depends on the genotypes of both the host and the symbiont, but some Wolbachia effects could depend not on the genotypes, but on the fact of recent transfer of the symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya V. Adonyeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.V.A.); (V.M.E.)
| | - Vadim M. Efimov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.V.A.); (V.M.E.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nataly E. Gruntenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.V.A.); (V.M.E.)
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8
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Strunov A, Kirchner S, Schindelar J, Kruckenhauser L, Haring E, Kapun M. Historic Museum Samples Provide Evidence for a Recent Replacement of Wolbachia Types in European Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad258. [PMID: 37995370 PMCID: PMC10701101 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia is one of the most common bacterial endosymbionts, which is frequently found in numerous arthropods and nematode taxa. Wolbachia infections can have a strong influence on the evolutionary dynamics of their hosts since these bacteria are reproductive manipulators that affect the fitness and life history of their host species for their own benefit. Host-symbiont interactions with Wolbachia are perhaps best studied in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, which is naturally infected with at least 5 different variants among which wMel and wMelCS are the most frequent ones. Comparisons of infection types between natural flies and long-term lab stocks have previously indicated that wMelCS represents the ancestral type, which was only very recently replaced by the nowadays dominant wMel in most natural populations. In this study, we took advantage of recently sequenced museum specimens of D. melanogaster that have been collected 90 to 200 yr ago in Northern Europe to test this hypothesis. Our comparison to contemporary Wolbachia samples provides compelling support for the replacement hypothesis. Our analyses show that sequencing data from historic museum specimens and their bycatch are an emerging and unprecedented resource to address fundamental questions about evolutionary dynamics in host-symbiont interactions. However, we also identified contamination with DNA from crickets that resulted in co-contamination with cricket-specific Wolbachia in several samples. These results underpin the need for rigorous quality assessments of museomic data sets to account for contamination as a source of error that may strongly influence biological interpretations if it remains undetected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Strunov
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Kirchner
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Central Research Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Schindelar
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Central Research Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luise Kruckenhauser
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Central Research Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Haring
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Central Research Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Kapun
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Central Research Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
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9
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Russell SL, Castillo JR, Sullivan WT. Wolbachia endosymbionts manipulate the self-renewal and differentiation of germline stem cells to reinforce fertility of their fruit fly host. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002335. [PMID: 37874788 PMCID: PMC10597519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The alphaproteobacterium Wolbachia pipientis infects arthropod and nematode species worldwide, making it a key target for host biological control. Wolbachia-driven host reproductive manipulations, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), are credited for catapulting these intracellular bacteria to high frequencies in host populations. Positive, perhaps mutualistic, reproductive manipulations also increase infection frequencies, but are not well understood. Here, we identify molecular and cellular mechanisms by which Wolbachia influences the molecularly distinct processes of germline stem cell (GSC) self-renewal and differentiation. We demonstrate that wMel infection rescues the fertility of flies lacking the translational regulator mei-P26 and is sufficient to sustain infertile homozygous mei-P26-knockdown stocks indefinitely. Cytology revealed that wMel mitigates the impact of mei-P26 loss through restoring proper pMad, Bam, Sxl, and Orb expression. In Oregon R files with wild-type fertility, wMel infection elevates lifetime egg hatch rates. Exploring these phenotypes through dual-RNAseq quantification of eukaryotic and bacterial transcripts revealed that wMel infection rescues and offsets many gene expression changes induced by mei-P26 loss at the mRNA level. Overall, we show that wMel infection beneficially reinforces host fertility at mRNA, protein, and phenotypic levels, and these mechanisms may promote the emergence of mutualism and the breakdown of host reproductive manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelbi L. Russell
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Jennie Ruelas Castillo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William T. Sullivan
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
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10
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Strunov A, Schoenherr C, Kapun M. Wolbachia has subtle effects on thermal preference in highly inbred Drosophila melanogaster which vary with life stage and environmental conditions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13792. [PMID: 37612420 PMCID: PMC10447536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40781-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature fluctuations are challenging for ectotherms which are not able to regulate body temperature by physiological means and thus have to adjust their thermal environment via behavior. However, little is yet known about whether microbial symbionts influence thermal preference (Tp) in ectotherms by modulating their physiology. Several recent studies have demonstrated substantial effects of Wolbachia infections on host Tp in different Drosophila species. These data indicate that the direction and strength of thermal preference variation is strongly dependent on host and symbiont genotypes and highly variable among studies. By employing highly controlled experiments, we investigated the impact of several environmental factors including humidity, food quality, light exposure, and experimental setup that may influence Tp measurements in adult Drosophila melanogaster flies. Additionally, we assessed the effects of Wolbachia infection on Tp of Drosophila at different developmental stages, which has not been done before. We find only subtle effects of Wolbachia on host Tp which are strongly affected by experimental variation in adult, but not during juvenile life stages. Our in-depth analyses show that environmental variation has a substantial influence on Tp which demonstrates the necessity of careful experimental design and cautious interpretations of Tp measurements together with a thorough description of the methods and equipment used to conduct behavioral studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Strunov
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Charlotte Schoenherr
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Kapun
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Central Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Osorio J, Villa-Arias S, Camargo C, Ramírez-Sánchez LF, Barrientos LM, Bedoya C, Rúa-Uribe G, Dorus S, Alfonso-Parra C, Avila FW. wMel Wolbachia alters female post-mating behaviors and physiology in the dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. Commun Biol 2023; 6:865. [PMID: 37604924 PMCID: PMC10442437 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally invasive Aedes aegypti disseminate numerous arboviruses that impact human health. One promising method to control Ae. aegypti populations is transinfection with Wolbachia pipientis, which naturally infects ~40-52% of insects but not Ae. aegypti. Transinfection of Ae. aegypti with the wMel Wolbachia strain induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), allows infected individuals to invade native populations, and inhibits transmission of medically relevant arboviruses by females. Female insects undergo post-mating physiological and behavioral changes-referred to as the female post-mating response (PMR)-required for optimal fertility. PMRs are typically elicited by male seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) transferred with sperm during mating but can be modified by other factors, including microbiome composition. Wolbachia has modest effects on Ae. aegypti fertility, but its influence on other PMRs is unknown. Here, we show that Wolbachia influences female fecundity, fertility, and re-mating incidence and significantly extends the longevity of virgin females. Using proteomic methods to examine the seminal proteome of infected males, we found that Wolbachia moderately affects SFP composition. However, we identified 125 paternally transferred Wolbachia proteins, but the CI factor proteins (Cifs) were not among them. Our findings indicate that Wolbachia infection of Ae. aegypti alters female PMRs, potentially influencing control programs that utilize Wolbachia-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Osorio
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sara Villa-Arias
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Colombia
| | - Carolina Camargo
- Centro de Investigación de la caña de azúcar CENICAÑA, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | | | - Luisa María Barrientos
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carolina Bedoya
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Steve Dorus
- Center for Reproductive Evolution, Syracuse University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Catalina Alfonso-Parra
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Colombia.
| | - Frank W Avila
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
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12
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Gimondi S, Ferreira H, Reis RL, Neves NM. Microfluidic Devices: A Tool for Nanoparticle Synthesis and Performance Evaluation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14205-14228. [PMID: 37498731 PMCID: PMC10416572 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in nanomedicine holds great promise for the treatment of diseases for which conventional therapies present serious limitations. Additionally, NPs can drastically improve early diagnosis and follow-up of many disorders. However, to harness their full capabilities, they must be precisely designed, produced, and tested in relevant models. Microfluidic systems can simulate dynamic fluid flows, gradients, specific microenvironments, and multiorgan complexes, providing an efficient and cost-effective approach for both NPs synthesis and screening. Microfluidic technologies allow for the synthesis of NPs under controlled conditions, enhancing batch-to-batch reproducibility. Moreover, due to the versatility of microfluidic devices, it is possible to generate and customize endless platforms for rapid and efficient in vitro and in vivo screening of NPs' performance. Indeed, microfluidic devices show great potential as advanced systems for small organism manipulation and immobilization. In this review, first we summarize the major microfluidic platforms that allow for controlled NPs synthesis. Next, we will discuss the most innovative microfluidic platforms that enable mimicking in vitro environments as well as give insights into organism-on-a-chip and their promising application for NPs screening. We conclude this review with a critical assessment of the current challenges and possible future directions of microfluidic systems in NPs synthesis and screening to impact the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gimondi
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Neves
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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13
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Hu D, Li W, Wang J, Peng Y, Yun Y, Peng Y. Interaction of High Temperature Stress and Wolbachia Infection on the Biological Characteristic of Drosophila melanogaster. INSECTS 2023; 14:558. [PMID: 37367374 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
It was reported that temperature affects the distribution of Wolbachia in the host, but only a few papers reported the effect of the interaction between high temperature and Wolbachia on the biological characteristic of the host. Here, we set four treatment Drosophila melanogaster groups: Wolbachia-infected flies in 25 °C (W+M), Wolbachia-infected flies in 31 °C (W+H), Wolbachia-uninfected flies in 25 °C (W-M), Wolbachia-uninfected flies in 31 °C (W-H), and detected the interaction effect of temperature and Wolbachia infection on the biological characteristic of D. melanogaster in F1, F2 and F3 generations. We found that both temperature and Wolbachia infection had significant effects on the development and survival rate of D. melanogaster. High temperature and Wolbachia infection had interaction effect on hatching rate, developmental durations, emergence rate, body weight and body length of F1, F2 and F3 flies, and the interaction effect also existed on oviposition amount of F3 flies, and on pupation rate of F2 and F3 flies. High temperature stress reduced the Wolbachia vertical transmission efficiency between generations. These results indicated that high temperature stress and Wolbachia infection had negative effects on the morphological development of D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wanning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yaqi Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yueli Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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14
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Salloum PM, Jorge F, Dheilly NM, Poulin R. Adoption of alternative life cycles in a parasitic trematode is linked to microbiome differences. Biol Lett 2023; 19:20230091. [PMID: 37282491 PMCID: PMC10244958 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For parasites with complex multi-host life cycles, the facultative truncation of the cycle represents an adaptation to challenging conditions for transmission. However, why certain individuals are capable of abbreviating their life cycle while other conspecifics are not remains poorly understood. Here, we test whether conspecific trematodes that either follow the normal three-host life cycle or skip their final host by reproducing precociously (via progenesis) in an intermediate host differ in the composition of their microbiomes. Characterization of bacterial communities based on sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S SSU rRNA gene revealed that the same bacterial taxa occur in both normal and progenetic individuals, independent of host identity and temporal variation. However, all bacterial phyla recorded in our study, and two-thirds of bacterial families, differed in abundance between the two morphs, with some achieving higher abundance in the normal morph and others in the progenetic morph. Although the evidence is purely correlative, our results reveal a weak association between microbiome differences and intraspecific plasticity in life cycle pathways. Advances in functional genomics and experimental microbiome manipulation will allow future tests of the significance of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fátima Jorge
- Otago Micro and Nano Imaging, Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Nolwenn M. Dheilly
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- ANSES, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail - Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Unité Génétique Virale de Biosécurité, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Robert Poulin
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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15
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Jorge F, Dheilly NM, Froissard C, Poulin R. Association between parasite microbiomes and caste development and colony structure in a social trematode. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:5608-5617. [PMID: 36004565 PMCID: PMC9826137 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Division of labour through the formation of morphologically and functionally distinct castes is a recurring theme in the evolution of animal sociality. The mechanisms driving the differentiation of individuals into distinct castes remain poorly understood, especially for animals forming clonal colonies. We test the association between microbiomes and caste formation within the social trematode Philophthalmus attenuatus, using a metabarcoding approach targeting the bacterial 16S SSU rRNA gene. Clonal colonies of this trematode within snail hosts comprise large reproductive individuals which produce dispersal stages, and small, non-reproducing soldiers which defend the colony against invaders. In colonies extracted directly from field-collected snails, reproductives harboured more diverse bacterial communities than soldiers, and reproductives and soldiers harboured distinct bacterial communities, at all taxonomic levels considered. No single bacterial taxon showed high enough prevalence in either soldiers or reproductives to be singled out as a key driver, indicating that the whole microbial community contributes to these differences. Other colonies were experimentally exposed to antibiotics to alter their bacterial communities, and sampled shortly after treatment and weeks later after allowing for turnover of colony members. At those time points, bacterial communities of the two castes still differed across all antibiotic treatments; however, the caste ratio within colonies changed: after antibiotic disruption and turnover of individuals, new individuals were more likely to become reproductives than in undisturbed control colonies. Our results reveal that each caste has a distinct microbiome; whether the social context affects the microbiota, or whether microbes contribute to modulating the phenotype of individuals, remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Jorge
- Otago Micro and Nano Imaging, Electron Microscopy UnitUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Nolwenn M. Dheilly
- School of Marine and Atmospheric SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA,Unité Génétique Virale de Biosécurité, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail ‐ Laboratoire de Ploufragan‐PlouzanéANSESPloufraganFrance
| | | | - Robert Poulin
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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