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Xue Z, Yang Z, Sun H, Ren J, Sun M, Li J, Zhang A, Zheng P, Pan P, Dou J, Shen L, Chen Y, Li K, Feng T, Lv Y, Bi C, Jin L, Wang Z, Yao Y. Epidemiological analysis of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases in three counties of Sichuan: the baseline survey of Disaster Mitigation Demonstration Area in western China. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7341. [PMID: 31372321 PMCID: PMC6659668 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural disasters can indirectly induce epidemics of infectious diseases through air and water pollution, accelerated pathogen reproduction, and population migration. This study aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics of the main infectious diseases in Sichuan, a province with a high frequency of natural disasters. Methods Data were collected from the local Centers for Disease Control infectious disease reports from Lu, Shifang and Yuexi counties from 2011 to 2015 and from the baseline survey of the Disaster Mitigation Demonstration Area in Western China in 2016. Principal component regression was used to explore the main influencing factors of respiratory infectious diseases (RIDs). Results The incidence rates of RIDs and intestinal infectious diseases (IIDs) in 2015 were 78.99/100,000, 125.53/100,000, 190.32/100,000 and 51.70/100,000, 206.00/100,000, 69.16/100,000 in Lu, Shifang and Yuexi respectively. The incidence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was the highest among RIDs in the three counties. The main IIDs in Lu and Shifang were hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and other infectious diarrhea; however, the main IIDs in Yuexi was bacillary dysentery. The proportions of illiterate and ethnic minorities and per capita disposable income were the top three influencing factors of RIDs. Conclusions TB was the key point of RIDs prevention among the three counties. The key preventable IIDs in Lu and Shifang were HFMD and other infectious diarrhea, and bacillary dysentery was the major IIDs in Yuexi. The incidence rates of RIDs was associated with the population composition, the economy and personal hygiene habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xue
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Hui Sun
- UNICEF Office for China, BeiJing, China
| | - Jinghuan Ren
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, BeiJing, China
| | - Mengzi Sun
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiagen Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Anning Zhang
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingping Zheng
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pan Pan
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Dou
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Shen
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyu Feng
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaogai Lv
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunli Bi
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lina Jin
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, BeiJing, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Cui Z, Lin D, Chongsuvivatwong V, Graviss EA, Chaiprasert A, Palittapongarnpim P, Lin M, Ou J, Zhao J. Hot and Cold Spot Areas of Household Tuberculosis Transmission in Southern China: Effects of Socio-Economic Status and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotypes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101863. [PMID: 31137811 PMCID: PMC6572207 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the study were: (1) compare sociodemographic characteristics among active tuberculosis (TB) cases and their household contacts in cold and hot spot transmission areas, and (2) quantify the influence of locality, genotype and potential determinants on the rates of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among household contacts of index TB cases. Parallel case-contact studies were conducted in two geographic areas classified as "cold" and "hot" spots based on TB notification and spatial clustering between January and June 2018 in Guangxi, China, using data from field contact investigations, whole genome sequencing, tuberculin skin tests (TSTs), and chest radiographs. Beijing family strains accounted for 64.6% of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains transmitted in hot spots, and 50.7% in cold spots (p-value = 0.02). The positive TST rate in hot spot areas was significantly higher than that observed in cold spot areas (p-value < 0.01). Living in hot spots (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.75, 95%, confidence interval (CI): 1.22, 2.50), Beijing family genotype (aOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.81), living in the same room with an index case (aOR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.5, 3.49), travelling time from home to a medical facility (aOR = 4.78, 95% CI: 2.96, 7.72), history of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination (aOR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.13 3.62), and delay in diagnosis (aOR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.13, 5.80) were significantly associated with positive TST results among household contacts of TB cases. The findings of this study confirmed the strong transmissibility of the Beijing genotype family strains and this genotype's important role in household transmission. We found that an extended traveling time from home to the medical facility was an important socioeconomic factor for Mtb transmission in the family. It is still necessary to improve the medical facility infrastructure and management, especially in areas with a high TB prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhezhe Cui
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China.
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
| | - Dingwen Lin
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China.
| | | | - Edward A Graviss
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Angkana Chaiprasert
- Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | | | - Mei Lin
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China.
| | - Jing Ou
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China.
| | - Jinming Zhao
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China.
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