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Björkman I, Feldthusen C, Forsgren E, Jonnergård A, Lindström Kjellberg I, Wallengren Gustafsson C, Lundberg M. Person-centred care on the move - an interview study with programme directors in Swedish higher education. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:589. [PMID: 35915496 PMCID: PMC9341055 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03657-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing trend towards person-centred care (PCC) worldwide, suggesting that PCC should be mastered by future health care professionals. This study aims to explore programme directors' views on facilitators and barriers to implementing PCC in four of the largest national study programmes in Sweden training future health care professionals. METHODS A qualitative design was applied and interviews were conducted with 19 programme directors of Swedish national study programmes in medicine, nursing, occupational therapy and physiotherapy. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Themes were sorted according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) in an abductive approach. COREQ guidelines were applied. RESULTS The overarching theme, as interpreted from the programme directors' experiences, was 'Person-centred care is on the move at different paces.' The theme relates to the domains identified by the CFIR as outer setting, innovation, inner setting and process. PCC was understood as something familiar but yet new, and the higher education institutions were in a state of understanding and adapting PCC to their own contexts. The movement in the outer setting consists of numerous stakeholders advocating for increased patient influence, which has stirred a movement in the inner setting where the higher educational institutions are trying to accommodate these new demands. Different meanings and values are ascribed to PCC, and the concept is thus also 'on the move', being adapted to traditions at each educational setting. CONCLUSION Implementation of PCC in Swedish higher education is ongoing but fragmented and driven by individuals with a specific interest. There is uncertainty and ambiguity around the meaning and value of PCC and how to implement it. More knowledge is needed about the core of PCC as a subject for teaching and learning and also didactic strategies suitable to support students in becoming person-centred practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Björkman
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 457, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - C Feldthusen
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Forsgren
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 457, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Jonnergård
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 457, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - I Lindström Kjellberg
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 457, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Wallengren Gustafsson
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 457, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Lundberg
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 457, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Piumatti G, Abbiati M, Gerbase MW, Baroffio A. Patterns of Change in Approaches to Learning and Their Impact on Academic Performance Among Medical Students: Longitudinal Analysis. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE 2021; 33:173-183. [PMID: 33023316 DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2020.1814295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Several medical education studies suggest that deep approaches to learning (DA) are associated with better academic performance, whereas surface approaches (SA) are associated with worse academic performance. However, no study has assessed how these approaches change at the individual level during undergraduate medical training and how these trajectories contribute to academic performance. We assessed individual patterns of change in learning approaches throughout five years of medical training to determine whether and how DA and SA evolve during the curriculum and whether initial levels and rates of change predict performance in Year 5. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that (1) medical students have a higher preference for DA in comparison with SA; (2) these preferences change along the medical curriculum; and (3) DA predicts better academic performance. Method: Participants were 268 Geneva medical students (59% female) who completed the revised two-factor study process questionnaire in Years 1, 2, 3, and 5 of their 6-year curriculum. Student academic performance was registered in Year 5. Multivariate latent growth modeling was used to assess individual trajectories in learning approaches and test their associations with performance in Year 5. Results: Medical students were inclined to use DA rather than SA. Nevertheless, from Year 2 onward their use of DA decreased while their use of SA increased. Students with higher initial levels of DA tended to have lower initial levels of SA. Moreover, increases in SA were significantly associated with decreases in DA. However, only initial levels of DA and non-repeater status in Year 1 were positive and significant predictors of academic performance in Year 5. Conclusions: Although students tended to use DA rather than SA when entering medical school, their preferences for DA tended to decline throughout medical training while increasing for SA. Learning approaches during early study years, characterized by engagement and meaningful learning, predicted later academic performance. DA should be promoted during the early years of medical studies to foster student learning and to improve academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Piumatti
- Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education (UDREM), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Population Epidemiology Unit, Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of BioMedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Milena Abbiati
- Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education (UDREM), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margaret W Gerbase
- Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education (UDREM), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Baroffio
- Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education (UDREM), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Ogeil RP, Chakraborty SP, Young AC, Lubman DI. Clinician and patient barriers to the recognition of insomnia in family practice: a narrative summary of reported literature analysed using the theoretical domains framework. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2020; 21:1. [PMID: 31901226 PMCID: PMC6942394 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-019-1070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is a common sleep complaint, with 10% of adults in the general population experiencing insomnia disorder, defined as lasting longer than three months in DSM-5. Up to 50% of patients attending family practice experience insomnia, however despite this, symptoms of insomnia are not often screened for, or discussed within this setting. We aimed to examine barriers to the assessment and diagnosis of insomnia in family practice from both the clinician and patient perspective. METHODS The present article identified research that has examined barriers to assessing insomnia from the clinician's and the client's perspectives following MEDLINE and Google Scholar searches, and then classified these barriers using the theoretical domains framework. RESULTS The most common barriers from the clinician's perspective were related to Knowledge, Skills, and the Environmental Context. From the patient perspective, barriers identified included their Beliefs about the consequences of Insomnia, Social Influences, and Behavioural Regulation of Symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Utilising this theoretical framework, we discuss options for bridging the gap between the identification and subsequent management of insomnia within the family practice setting. To assist clinicians and those in community health care to overcome the Knowledge and Skills barriers identified, this article provides existing relevant clinical criteria that can be utilised to make a valid diagnosis of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan P Ogeil
- Eastern Health Clinical School and Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church St, Richmond, Victoria, 3121, Australia.
| | - Samantha P Chakraborty
- Department of General Practice, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alan C Young
- Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Monash University, and Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Eastern Health Clinical School and Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church St, Richmond, Victoria, 3121, Australia
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Arousell J, Carlbom A, Johnsdotter S, Larsson EC, Essén B. Unintended Consequences of Gender Equality Promotion in Swedish Multicultural Contraceptive Counseling: A Discourse Analysis. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2017; 27:1518-1528. [PMID: 28728532 DOI: 10.1177/1049732317697099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we explore how reproductive health care providers in Sweden, a country often described as one of the most gender-equal countries in the world, incorporate gender equality ideals in multicultural contraceptive counseling. In the tension between gender equality promotion on one hand and respect for cultural diversity and individualized care on the other, we will demonstrate that values of gender equality were often given priority. This is not necessarily undesirable. Nevertheless, our proposal is that the gender equality ideology may inhibit providers' ability to think differently about issues at stake in contraceptive counseling, which may negatively influence women's possibilities to obtain adequate support. At the end of the article, we suggest how health care providers' reflexivity might be used as a working tool for increased awareness about the taken-for-granted cultural norms that exist in their clinical milieu.
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Miles A. From EBM to PCH: always predictable, now inexorable. Editorial Introduction to the 2015 Evidence Based Medicine Thematic Issue of the Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. J Eval Clin Pract 2015; 21:983-7. [PMID: 26915829 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Miles
- Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice & Senior Vice President/Secretary General, European Society for Person Centered Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
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Miles A. Editorial note to readers on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of publication of the Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. J Eval Clin Pract 2014; 20:727-8. [PMID: 25644613 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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