1
|
Ilie N. Influence of surface finishing on the outcome of a 3-point bending test in polymer-based dental composits assessed by qualitative and quantitative fractography. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 156:106607. [PMID: 38830315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of surface finishing in three polymer-based composits (composits) on the result of a 3-point bending test using quantitative and qualitative fractography as well as microstructural characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS 270 rectangular specimens (n = 30) of three composits were prepared, stored and tested according to NIST No. 4877. Prior testing, the samples were subjected to three surface treatments: 1) no treatment, to preserve the oxygen inhibition layer, 2) with FEPA P1200 (ANSI equivalent grit 600) SiC paper abraded surface, and 3) polished surface. A three-point bending testing was employed, followed by quantitative (assessment of reason for failure and fracture pattern) and qualitative (fracture mirror measurements) fractography, 3D and 2D surface imaging, surface roughness, reliability and Fe-SEM analysis. The mirror radius that runs in the direction of constant stress was used to calculate the mirror constant (A) using Orr's equation. Uni- and multifactorial ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc test, and Weibull analysis was performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS Surface finishing has less influence on the fracture pattern, reliability and mechanical parameters and has no influence on the mirror constant. The amount of inorganic filler has a direct impact on flexural strength and modulus, while the ranking of materials was independent of surface treatment. Failures initiated by volume defects were the most common failure mode (77.0%) with surface defects accounting for 14.9% (edge) and 7.7% (corner). Polishing resulted in lower peak-to valley height compared to no treatment, both 3-4 times lower compared to the 600 grit treatment. The increase in roughness within the analyzed range did not lead to an increase in surface-related failures. CONCLUSIONS The clear dominance of volume defects in all examined materials as a cause of material fracture reduces the impact of roughness on the measured properties. This insight was only possible using qualitative and quantitative research fractography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Ilie
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren Z, Chen H, Wang R, Zhu M. Comparative Assessments of Dental Resin Composites: A Focus on Dense Microhybrid Materials. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3718-3726. [PMID: 38716490 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The performance of dental resin composites is crucially influenced by the sizes and distributions of inorganic fillers. Despite the investigation of a variety of functional particles, glass fillers and nanoscale silica are still the predominant types in dental materials. However, achieving an overall improvement in the performance of resin composites through the optimization of their formulations remains a challenge. This work introduced a "dense" microhybrid filler system with 85 wt % filler loading, leading to the preparation of self-developed resin composites (SRCs). Comparative evaluations of these five SRCs against four commercial products were performed, including mechanical property, polymerization conversion, and shrinkage, along with water sorption and solubility and wear resistance. The results showed that among all SRC groups, SRC3 demonstrated superior mechanical performance, high polymerization conversion, reduced shrinkage, low water absorption and solubility, and acceptable wear resistance. In contrast to commercial products, this optimal SRC3 material was comparable to Z350 XT in flexural and diametral tensile strength and better in flexural modulus and surface hardness. The use of a "dense" microhybrid filler system in the development of resin composites provides a balance between physicochemical property and wear resistance, which may be a promising strategy for the development of composite products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ruili Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lippert VF, Bresciani E, Mota EG, Bittencourt HR, Kramer PF, Spohr AM. In vitro comparison of one-step, two-step, and three-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and gloss of different resin composites. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:785-795. [PMID: 38130085 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This laboratory study evaluated the effect of three polishing systems on the surface roughness and gloss of resin composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty specimens (6 mm Ø × 8 mm) were fabricated from each of three resin composites: Z 350 XT (nanofill), Harmonize (nanohybrid), and Estelite Omega (supranonofill). All specimens were photopolymerized using a multi-peak LED curing unit (VALO-Standard mode), having a exitance irradiance of approximately 1000 mW/cm2 against a polyester strip (PS). 2 mm was then removed from the irradiated end (finished) using #320 abrasive paper (F). Specimens were then randomly polished (P) using a one-step (1S) (OneGloss), two-step (2S) (EVE Diacomp Twist Basic CA), or 3-step (3S) (Astropol P) system (n = 10). For PS, F, and P groups, surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a surface roughness tester, and surface gloss was measured with a glossmeter. For each specimen, the percent recovery to the PS value (%R) of surface roughness and surface gloss were calculated. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test. Surface roughness and gloss values were submitted to Pearson's correlation test (α = 0.05). All statistical testing was performed using a pre-set alpha of 0.05. RESULTS The interaction term [resin composite × polishing system] was significant for both surface roughness (p = 0.001) and gloss (p = 0.0001). For all resin composites, the 2S and 3S systems provided a higher %R of surface roughness and gloss compared to those of the 1S system. There was a negative correlation between surface roughness and gloss, but only a few combinations showed strong correlations. CONCLUSIONS The 2S and 3S polishing systems provided surfaces having greater smoothness and gloss compared to the 1S system. The ability to recover surface roughness and gloss was dependent on type of resin composite filler classification. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The 3S and 2S polishing systems were more effective in achieving PS values than was the 1S system for all tested resin composites. However, individual polishing systems performed differently depending on type of resin composite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Funghetto Lippert
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bresciani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gonçalves Mota
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hélio Radke Bittencourt
- Department of Statistics, Polytechnic School, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Floriani Kramer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Spohr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ko J, Tsao A, Kim R, Perry C, Oyoyo U, Kwon SR. Effect of Various Toothpaste Tablets on Gloss and Surface Roughness of Resin-based Composite Materials. Oper Dent 2024; 49:282-289. [PMID: 38632854 DOI: 10.2341/23-120-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of various toothpaste tablets on gloss and surface roughness of resin-based composite. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty-four resin-based composite specimens were divided into four groups of 16 specimens each. Gloss and roughness were measured before and after simulated brushing with three types of toothpaste tablets and one conventional toothpaste: CT: Chewtab Toothpaste Tablets; AT: Anticavity Toothpaste Tablets; HC: Charcoal Toothpaste Tablets; CP: Cavity Protection toothpaste. The Kruskal-- Wallis procedure was performed to compare the differences by groups. Post-hoc comparisons were conducted with Bonferroni corrections (α=0.05). RESULTS There was a significant drop in gloss for all groups. CT and AT maintained the highest gloss with means of 81.6 GU and 74.1 GU, respectively. The lowest gloss of 24.5 GU was observed for HC. There was a significant increase in roughness for all groups except for CT. CT had the lowest roughness with a mean of 0.034 μm, while HC had the highest roughness with a mean of 0.074 μm. There was a significant correlation between post-brushing gloss and post-brushing roughness (p<0.001, r=-0.884). CONCLUSION Chewtab Toothpaste Tablets had the least effect on gloss and roughness, while Charcoal Toothpaste Tablets had the most negative effect on the surface properties of resin-based composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ko
- Julia Ko, BSc, Department of Biomedical Science La Sierra University, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - A Tsao
- Adam Tsao, BSc, Department of Biomedical Science La Sierra University, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - R Kim
- Raymond Kim, BSc, Department of Biomedical Science La Sierra University, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - C Perry
- Christopher Perry, PhD, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - U Oyoyo
- Udochukwu Oyoyo, MPH, Dental Education Services, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - S R Kwon
- *So Ran Kwon, DDS, MS, PhD, MS, professor, Division of General Dentistry, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Durán Ojeda G, Bresser RA, Wendler M, Gresnigt MMM. Ceramic partial laminate veneers in anterior teeth: A literature review. J Prosthodont Res 2024; 68:246-254. [PMID: 37648480 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_23_00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY SELECTION Partial laminate veneers, defined as small ceramic restorations adhesively luted onto unprepared anterior teeth, are an interesting and conservative alternative to conventional ceramic and composite resin veneers in the anterior region. This literature review aimed to summarize the available laboratory and clinical data on ceramic partial laminate veneers. An electronic search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science databases was conducted. The keywords used were "partial veneer," "partial laminate veneer," "ceramic fragment," and "sectional veneer." The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the QUIN tool. RESULTS Of the 266 identified articles, only 16 met the inclusion criteria (ten clinical reports, five laboratory studies, and one retrospective clinical study). To date, no randomized controlled clinical trials have been conducted. Most laboratory studies displayed a low risk of bias, with partial laminate veneers rendering adequate strength and color stability. Clinical reports have shown large variability in material selection, luting, and finishing/polishing protocols. CONCLUSIONS Low-quality evidence is available for ceramic partial laminate veneers. Available data from laboratory studies suggest good mechanical and optical performances comparable to those of conventional ceramic and composite resin veneers. Further clinical studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Durán Ojeda
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Rijkje A Bresser
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Wendler
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marco M M Gresnigt
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
- Martini Hospital, Department of Special Dental Care, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ibrahim MS, Aldhafeeri FR, Banaemah AS, Alhaider MS, Al-Dulaijan YA, Balhaddad AA. The demineralization resistance and mechanical assessments of different bioactive restorative materials for primary and permanent teeth: an in vitro study. BDJ Open 2024; 10:30. [PMID: 38580627 PMCID: PMC10997779 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article examines the efficacy of two bioactive dental composites in preventing demineralization while preserving their mechanical and physical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study compares Beautifil Kids and Predicta® Bioactive Bulk-Fill (Predicta) composites with conventional dental composite. Flexural strength and elastic modulus were evaluated using a universal testing machine. A pH-cycling model assessed the composites' ability to prevent dentin demineralization. Color stability and surface roughness were measured using a spectrophotometer and non-contact profilometer, respectively, before and after pH-cycling, brushing simulation, and thermocycling aging. RESULTS Beautifil Kids exhibited the highest flexural strength and elastic modulus among the materials (p < 0.05). Predicta demonstrated the highest increase in dentin surface microhardness following the pH-cycling model (p < 0.05). All groups showed clinically significant color changes after pH-cycling, with no significant differences between them (p > 0.05). Predicta exhibited greater color change after brushing and increased surface roughness after thermocycling aging (p < 0.05). While Beautifil Kids had higher surface roughness after pH-cycling (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Bioactive restorative materials with ion-releasing properties demonstrate excellent resistance to demineralization while maintaining mechanical and physical properties comparable to the control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Salem Ibrahim
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 34212, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad Rakad Aldhafeeri
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Sami Banaemah
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mana S Alhaider
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif A Al-Dulaijan
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Miyashita-Kobayashi A, Haruyama A, Nakamura K, Wu CY, Kuroiwa A, Yoshinari N, Kameyama A. Changes in Gloss Alteration, Surface Roughness, and Color of Direct Dental Restorative Materials after Professional Dental Prophylaxis. J Funct Biomater 2023; 15:8. [PMID: 38248675 PMCID: PMC10816376 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of optimizing dental care for patients who are elderly, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface gloss (with a micro-area gloss meter) of, surface roughness (with a compact surface roughness measuring instrument) of, and color change (with a dental colorimeter) in two commercially available injectable resin-based composites (Estelite Universal Flow (EUF) and Beautifil Flow Plus F00 (BFP)) as well as two glass-ionomer cements (GC Fuji II LC CAPSULE (FLC) and GC Fuji IX GP EXTRA CAPSULE (FGP)), before and after dental prophylaxis. After 24 h, the surfaces of each specimen were polished at 2500 rpm with a prophy brush (Mersage Brush, Shofu) and one-step prophylaxis paste (Prophy Paste Pro, Directa): under 100 or 300 gf load, and for 10 or 30 s, 4× cycles of cleaning. After mechanical cleaning, conditions were found for a significant reduction in the gloss level (EUF, BFP, or FLC; p < 0.05) and a significant increase in surface roughness (BFP; 300 gf load, 10 s × four cycles of cleaning). Overall, the longer time or higher prophylaxis load tended to decrease the surface gloss. However, the observed change in surface roughness varied between the restorative materials. There was no color change post-prophylaxis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Miyashita-Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan; (A.M.-K.); (C.-Y.W.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Akiko Haruyama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology, and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
| | - Keigo Nakamura
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Chia-Ying Wu
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan; (A.M.-K.); (C.-Y.W.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Akihiro Kuroiwa
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Nobuo Yoshinari
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan; (A.M.-K.); (C.-Y.W.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Kameyama
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan; (A.M.-K.); (C.-Y.W.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kobayashi M, Koi K, Wiskoski S, Watanabe H, Lewis S, Ferracane JL. Isolated effect of filler particle size on surface properties of experimental resin composites before and after toothbrush abrasion. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:1286-1292. [PMID: 37449726 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to isolate the relationship between filler size and the surface properties of roughness and gloss before and after toothbrush abrasion for experimental resin-based composites (RBCs) containing uniform spherical fillers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five experimental light-cured RBCs with different spherical filler sizes and three commercial RBCs were studied. Forty specimens were polished using silicon carbide papers. Gloss was measured after 0, 90, 180, and 360 min of simulated toothbrushing, and surface roughness was measured before and after 360 min of toothbrushing. Two-way ANOVA/Tukey's multiple comparison tests were used to compare the RBCs, and the correlation between particle size and surface roughness or gloss was also determined. RESULTS After polishing and toothbrushing, RBCs with smaller fillers exhibited significantly higher gloss and lower surface roughness, and RBCs with larger fillers exhibited lower gloss and higher surface roughness. A significant correlation was found between filler particle size and gloss and surface roughness both before and after toothbrush abrasion. CONCLUSIONS Gloss of RBCs containing fillers with larger particle sizes was significantly reduced. After toothbrushing abrasion, the surface roughness increased for all RBCs, except those containing the finest-sized fillers. The particle size of the filler is a critical determinant of the surface roughness and gloss of RBCs, after polishing and after toothbrushing. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Increased surface roughness caused by toothbrush abrasion reduces the gloss of resin-based composites. Resin-based composites containing finer fillers best maintain glossiness after routine tooth brushing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Aesthetic Dentistry and Clinical Cariology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyono Koi
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sarah Wiskoski
- School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hidehiko Watanabe
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Steven Lewis
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jack L Ferracane
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Carvalho LF, Alves LMM, Bergamo ETP, Benalcazar Jalkh EB, Campos TMB, Zahoui A, Fermino EDS, Magalhães AC, Silva TL, Coelho PG, Bonfante EA. Influence of abrasive dentifrices on polymeric reconstructive material properties after simulated toothbrushing. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2268670. [PMID: 38027422 PMCID: PMC10631383 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2268670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the influence of dentifrices with different abrasiveness levels on the properties of dental reconstructive materials. Forty-eight cylinders were obtained from four polymeric materials, being two CAD/CAM acrylic resins (Ivotion-Dent and Ivotion-Base), one injected acrylic resin (IvoBase-Hydrid) and one light-cured resin composite (Empress Direct). Specimens were allocated to four subgroups for toothbrushing simulation according to the dentifrice relative dentin abrasivity (RDA) and silica content: (i) RDA 0 = 0%; (ii) RDA 50 = 3%; (iii) RDA 100 = 10%; and (iv) RDA 120 = 25%. Specimens were then subjected to toothbrushing. Surface analyses [surface roughness Ra (SR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)] along with hardness and optical properties [translucency parameter (TP) and contrast ratio (CR)] were evaluated before and after toothbrushing. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Tukey test. A significant increase in SR was observed after toothbrushing with higher RDA toothpastes for Ivotion-Dent (100 and 120) and IvoBase-Hybrid (120). Ivotion-Base and Empress Direct presented no significant differences in SR when analyzed as a function of timepoint and RDA levels. Hardness was not influenced by toothbrushing with different RDA dentifrices, except for Empress Direct with RDA 0 toothpaste, where a decrease in the hardness was observed. TP of Ivotion-Dent and Empress Direct significantly decreased after toothbrushing with higher RDA dentifrices and CR of Ivotion-Dent, Empress Direct and IvoBase-Hybrid significantly increased with higher RDA dentifrices. The levels of dentifrice abrasiveness affected differently the SR, hardness and optical properties of polymeric reconstructive materials after toothbrushing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Firmo Carvalho
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marcia Martins Alves
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Edmara T. P. Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Byron Benalcazar Jalkh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Abbas Zahoui
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Elisa de Souza Fermino
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Thelma Lopes Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Paulo G. Coelho
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM), Miami, FL, USA
| | - Estevam A. Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aksoy Vaizoğlu G, Ulusoy N, Güleç Alagöz L. Effect of Coffee and Polishing Systems on the Color Change of a Conventional Resin Composite Repaired by Universal Resin Composites: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6066. [PMID: 37687757 PMCID: PMC10488512 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability of repaired aesthetic restorative resin matrix materials after immersion in coffee and the effect of polishing systems after staining. One hundred and eighty cylindrical discs (8 mm × 2 mm) were prepared using a conventional nano-fill resin composite (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic A2 shade) with round cavities (3 × 1 mm). Cavities were repaired by three resin composite materials: Clearfil Majesty Esthetic A2 shade, one-shaded nano-fill resin composite (Omnichroma) and group-shaded nano-hybrid resin composite (Optishade, medium shade). Each group was polished with three polishing systems (n = 20); aluminum oxide (Soflex Spiral Wheels, 3M ESPE), silicon carbide (Occlubrush, Kerr, CA, USA) and diamond particulate (Twist Dia Spiral Wheels, Kuraray, Okayama, Japan). Color change (ΔE00) measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer at the baseline. Half of the polished samples were either kept in distilled water or immersed in coffee for 15 days, and color measurements were repeated before and after polishing. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Repaired samples showed different color correspondence values in all groups. All three restorative materials showed significant color changes (ΔE00) after immersion in coffee (p ≤ 0.05). Repolishing of stained samples showed color improvement values in all groups. The content of the polishing system played an important role in removing the stains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Aksoy Vaizoğlu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99138, Turkey;
| | - Nuran Ulusoy
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99138, Turkey;
| | - Laden Güleç Alagöz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International Final University, Mersin 10, Girne 99320, Turkey;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zovko R, Cvitanović S, Mabić M, Šarac Z, Ćorić A, Glavina D, Goršeta K. The Effect of Chemical Degradation and Polishing on the Gloss of Composite Dental Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103727. [PMID: 37241353 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This aim of this study was to investigate surface gloss changes of different composite dental materials after chemical degradation or polishing. Five different composites were used (Evetric, GrandioSO, Admira Fusion, Filtek Z550, Dynamic Plus). The gloss of the tested material was measured with a glossmeter before and after chemical degradation in different acidic beverages. Statistical analysis was performed using a t-test for dependent samples, ANOVA, and a post hoc test. For comparison between groups, a level of significance was set at 0.05. Initial gloss values ranged from 51 to 93 at baseline to 32 to 81 after chemical degradation. The highest values were obtained for Dynamic Plus (93.5 GU) and GrandioSO (77.8 GU), followed by Admira Fusion (82 GU) and Filtek Z550 (70.5 GU). Evetric showed the lowest initial gloss values. After acidic exposures, the gloss measurements revealed different patterns of surface degradation. The results showed that the gloss of the samples decreased with time regardless of the treatment. The interaction between chemical-erosive beverages and the composite could lead to a decrease in the surface gloss of the composite restoration. The nanohybrid composite showed less gloss changes under acidic conditions, suggesting that it is more suitable for anterior restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ružica Zovko
- Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 80000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Health Care Center Mostar, 80000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Stipo Cvitanović
- Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 80000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Health Care Center Prozor-Rama, 88440 Prozor-Rama, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirela Mabić
- Faculty of Economics, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Zdenko Šarac
- Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 80000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Health Care Center Mostar, 80000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anka Ćorić
- Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 80000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Health Care Center Mostar, 80000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Domagoj Glavina
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Goršeta
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pimentel ES, França FMG, Turssi CP, Basting RT, Vieira-Junior WF. Effects of in vitro erosion on surface texture, microhardness, and color stability of resin composite with S-PRG fillers. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-04968-6. [PMID: 36995429 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of acid erosion on different physical properties of resin composite with S-PRG (surface pre-reacted glass) fillers, by conducting simulations of intrinsic and extrinsic sources. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cylindrical samples (Ø6 vs. 2 mm) of a conventional nanohybrid resin composite (Forma, Ultradent) and of a nanohybrid resin composite with S-PRG filler (Beautifil II, Shofu) were exposed to erosive cycling (5 days), based on (n=12) remineralizing solution (control); 0.3% citric acid (pH=2.6); or 0.01 M hydrochloric acid (pH=2). Roughness (Ra), microhardness (KHN), and color (CIEL*a*b*, CIEDE2000, and Vita scale (SGU)) factors were analyzed at the initial and final time points, and the general color changes (ΔEab, ΔE00, ΔSGU) were calculated. Final images were obtained using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were evaluated by generalized models, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn tests (α=0.05). RESULTS Regarding KHN, there was no difference between the groups or the time periods (p = 0.74). As for Ra, there was a significant increase in the Ra of both composites after cycling with hydrochloric acid, but only the resin composite with S-PRG filler showed a change in Ra after cycling with citric acid (p = 0.003). After cycling with citric and hydrochloric acid, the highest Ra values were found for the resin composite with S-PRG filler (p < 0.0001), corroborating the result of images (SEM) indicating loss of filler and porosities in this material. The resin composite with S-PRG filler showed higher ΔEab and ΔE00, in addition to more negative ΔSGU values and lower L* values after exposure to both acids, compared to the control (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The acidic conditions altered the roughness and color stability of the materials tested, pointing out that the resin composite containing S-PRG filler showed greater degradation of its physical properties than the conventional resin composite. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bioactive materials are relevant, considering that their properties interact with dental hard tissues; however, the S-PRG-based resin composite showed greater degradation under acidic conditions than the conventional resin composite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliene Soares Pimentel
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Campinas, SP, CEP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Campinas, SP, CEP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Pedroso Turssi
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Campinas, SP, CEP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Roberta Tarkany Basting
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Campinas, SP, CEP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Campinas, SP, CEP, 13045-755, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ilie N. Cytotoxic, Elastic-Plastic and Viscoelastic Behavior of Aged, Modern Resin-Based Dental Composites. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020235. [PMID: 36829729 PMCID: PMC9952265 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of resin-based composites (RBCs) is a delicate balance of antagonistic properties with direct clinical implications. The clear trend toward reducing filler size in modern RBCs solves esthetic deficiencies but reduces mechanical properties due to lower filler content and increases susceptibility to degradation due to larger filler-matrix interface. We evaluated a range of nano- and nano-hybrid RBCs, along with materials attempting to address shrinkage stress issues by implementing an Ormocer matrix or pre-polymerized fillers, and materials aiming to provide caries-protective benefit by incorporating bioactive fillers. The cytotoxic response of human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells after exposure to the RBC eluates, which were collected for up to six months, was analyzed using a WST-1 assay. The microstructural features were characterized using a scanning electron microscopy and were related to the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical behaviors. The elastic-plastic and viscoelastic material behaviors were evaluated at the macroscopic and microscopic levels. The data were supplemented with fractography, Weibull analysis, and aging behavioral analysis. The results indicate that all RBCs are non-cytotoxic at adequate exposure. The amount of inorganic filler affects the elastic modulus, while only to a limited extent the flexural strength, and is well below the theoretical estimates. The nanoparticles and the agglomeration of nanoparticles in the RBCs help generate good mechanical properties and excellent reliability, but they are more prone to deterioration with aging. The pre-polymerized fillers lower the initial mechanical properties but are less sensitive to aging. Only the Ormocer retains its damping ability after aging. The strength and modulus of elasticity on the one hand and the damping capacity on the other are mutually exclusive and indicate the direction in which the RBCs should be further developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Ilie
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Elmarsafy S, Abdelwahab S, Hussein F. Influence of polishing systems on surface roughness of four resin composites subjected to thermocycling aging. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.372652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
|
15
|
Chen F, Sun L, Luo H, Yu P, Lin J. Influence of filler types on wear and surface hardness of composite resin restorations. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2023; 21:22808000231193524. [PMID: 37776080 DOI: 10.1177/22808000231193524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wear and surface hardness of resin composites are of relevance from the clinical standpoint. With the incorporation of novel filler system, more studies need to be performed to investigate newly marketed resin composites. The objective of this study was to investigate the abrasive wear and surface hardness of dental restorative with different filler types. METHODS Nanohybrid filled Harmonize (HM) and Tetric N-Ceram (TNC), microhybrid filled Filtek Z250 (Z250), nanofilled Filtek Z350 (Z350) were included in the study. Twelve cylindrical resin composites specimens with 10 mm in diameter and 6 mm in thickness were prepared for abrasive wear test. Eight hundred cycles under 17 kg load were conducted for final wear by CW3-1 wear machine. The specimen was cleaned with an ultrasonic unit for 3 min followed with drying procedure. After measurement of weight loss and the density of specimens, the specimens were kept for measurement of surface hardness. Surface hardness was measured using a micro-hardness tester with a Vickers diamond indenter after polishing. Three specimens of each material were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after the abrasion to evaluate the morphology of the surface. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey HSD test (α = .05). RESULTS Z250 performed the least volume wear loss (41.1 ± 2.1 mm3), as well as the hardest value (102.7 ± 2.9 HV). There was no significant difference with the volume wear loss (p = 1.000) and surface hardness (p = 0.874) of HM and TNC. SEM images of nanohybrid filled HM and TNC represented smoother surface compared with other types of resin composites. CONCLUSIONS Microhybrid Z250 showed the highest wear resistance and surface hardness, nanofilled and nanohybrid resin composites may still face the insufficient of wear and surface hardness quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Ordos Central Hospital & Ordos School of Clinical Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zubrzycki J, Klepka T, Marchewka M, Zubrzycki R. Tests of Dental Properties of Composite Materials Containing Nanohybrid Filler. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:348. [PMID: 36614687 PMCID: PMC9821974 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Complex composite materials are used in many areas of dentistry. Initially, chemically hardened materials were also used, and in this group nanohybrid composites are highly valued. They are often used today, mainly for the direct reconstruction of damaged hard tooth tissue materials for rebuilding damaged tissues using indirect adhesive techniques. The research was conducted to determine the mechanical properties of materials with nanofillers. The article focuses on methods of important test methods for dental prosthetics: resilience, abrasion, wear test, impact strength, hardness, SEM, and chemical analysis. As part of this work, five different series of hybrid composites with nano-fillers were tested. The mechanical properties of composites, such as compressive strength, microhardness, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity, depend mainly on the type, particle size, and amount of filler introduced. The obtained test results showed that the type and amount of nanofiller have a significant influence on the mechanical and tribological properties. The introduction of nanofillers allowed us to obtain higher mechanical properties compared to classic materials discussed by other researchers. The study observed a change in vibrations in the IR spectrum, which allowed a comparison of the organic structures of the studied preparations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Zubrzycki
- Department of Computerization and Robotization of Production, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Klepka
- Department of Technology and Polymer Processing, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Marchewka
- Department of Computerization and Robotization of Production, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Zubrzycki
- Department of Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
de Paula Vargas R, Naves KSC, Paranhos LR, Vidigal MTC, Dos Reis GR, de Sousa Menezes M. Knowledge and practice of dentists in processing polishing points: A cross-sectional study. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:1230-1237. [PMID: 35924696 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequately processing polishing points used to polish composite resin restorations is necessary for microbiological control in dentistry, but there is no specific protocol to guide professionals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of dentists in processing these instruments. METHODS This cross-sectional observational study included the application of an online questionnaire via Google Forms and social media promotion. The study evaluated the association of field of activity, time since graduation, age, and sex of professionals with processing practice. The statistical analysis was performed with absolute and relative frequencies and logistic and Poisson regressions at a 5% significance level. RESULTS Overall, 473 questionnaires were analyzed. A rate of 51% of professionals reported using inadequate processing methods, and almost 68% claimed to have good knowledge of the topic. Both regression analyses were significantly associated, showing a direct effect of age and time since graduation on adequate processing practices. CONCLUSIONS Although most professionals reported understanding the processing of polishing points, they do not perform it most adequately. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE An expressive number of dentists process polishing points improperly. The topic is significant for representing a semi-critical instrument extensively used in esthetic restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata de Paula Vargas
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Giselle Rodrigues Dos Reis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Murilo de Sousa Menezes
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Evaluating the pH of Various Commercially Available Beverages in Pakistan: Impact of Highly Acidic Beverages on the Surface Hardness and Weight Loss of Human Teeth. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7030102. [PMID: 35892372 PMCID: PMC9332429 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the pH of common beverages and to evaluate the effects of common acidic beverages on the surface hardness and weight loss of human tooth specimens. A total of 106 beverages were conveniently purchased from supermarkets in Karachi, Pakistan. Prior to evaluation, beverages were refrigerated or stored at room temperature in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations. Beverages were categorized into six groups: ‘Sports and Energy drinks’, ‘Water’, ‘Fruit Juices and Drinks’, ‘Sodas’, ‘Milk and Flavored Milk’ and ‘Teas and Coffee’. Using a pH meter, the pH of each beverage was measured in triplicate at room temperature. In addition, the influence of five highly acidic beverages on the weight loss and surface hardness of human tooth specimens was evaluated using gravimetric analysis and the Vickers hardness tester, respectively. ‘Sports and Energy drinks’, ‘Fruits Juices and Drinks’ and ‘Sodas’ were the most acidic beverage categories, with a pH range of 3.00−5.00. A total of 33% of beverages tested in this study were highly acidic (pH less than 4.00), 29% of beverages were moderately acidic (pH 4.00−4.99) and 31% were mildly acidic (pH 5.00−6.99). Significant weight loss was observed in all immersed specimens compared to control counterparts (p < 0.05). Similarly, for surface hardness, five highly acidic beverages (Red Bull, Pepsi, Apple Cidra, Tang Mosambi and Tang Orange) significantly decreased the surface hardness of specimens (p < 0.05). The pH levels of commonly available beverages in Pakistan are highly acidic, which may encourage loss of minerals from teeth; hence, affecting their surface hardness.
Collapse
|
19
|
Molina GF, Cabral RJ, Mazzola I, Burrow M. Surface gloss, gloss retention, and color stability of 2 nano-filled universal resin composites. Restor Dent Endod 2022; 47:e43. [DOI: 10.5395/rde.2022.47.e43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Fabián Molina
- Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Restorative Dental Sciences Division, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ricardo Juan Cabral
- Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Mazzola
- Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Michael Burrow
- Restorative Dental Sciences Division, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|